EP0783094B1 - Vorrichtung zum Überführen von Treibladungen aus einem Magazin in eine Ladevorrichtung - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum Überführen von Treibladungen aus einem Magazin in eine Ladevorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0783094B1
EP0783094B1 EP97400007A EP97400007A EP0783094B1 EP 0783094 B1 EP0783094 B1 EP 0783094B1 EP 97400007 A EP97400007 A EP 97400007A EP 97400007 A EP97400007 A EP 97400007A EP 0783094 B1 EP0783094 B1 EP 0783094B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
modules
module
conveyor
compartments
compartment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP97400007A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0783094A1 (de
Inventor
Christian Gay
Jean-Luc Pelissier
Didier Thebault
Christophe Nicolas
Laurent Le Grand
François Roger
Bernard Petit
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Giat Industries SA
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Giat Industries SA
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Publication of EP0783094A1 publication Critical patent/EP0783094A1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/01—Feeding of unbelted ammunition
    • F41A9/06—Feeding of unbelted ammunition using cyclically moving conveyors, i.e. conveyors having ammunition pusher or carrier elements which are emptied or disengaged from the ammunition during the return stroke
    • F41A9/09—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a transfer device of modules constituting propellant charges between a store storage and loading system for these modules in the chamber of an artillery cannon, in particular a cannon mounted in a turret or in an armored casemate.
  • Patent EP-0 521 722 describes an apparatus for transferring ammunition between a storage place and a vehicle tanker.
  • This device has a linear conveyor bringing the ammunition one by one and a rotary conveyor picking up ammunition from the linear conveyor to store it in a store.
  • the ammunition fired by a artillery cannon consists of a projectile and a propellant charge which are successively introduced into the barrel chamber
  • the charge is formed by an envelope fuel of cylindrical shape and constant length.
  • This envelope contains sachets of propellant powder in variable number according to the quantity of powder necessary for the shooting of the projectile.
  • the object of the invention is to design a device for transfer of these modules between a storage warehouse of the type mentioned above and a system for loading these modules into the chamber of an artillery cannon, this transfer device allowing to manage the number of modules to be routed up to the weapon chamber.
  • the subject of the invention is a transfer device of modules constituting propellant charges between a store storage and loading system for these modules in the chamber of an artillery cannon, in particular a cannon mounted in a turret or in an armored casemate, comprising first means to receive n modules taken from a store and second means to be able to transfer each of these n modules on a loading system conveyor, characterized in that it includes a device for controlling the second means for selecting the transfer of a number determined of modules on the conveyor depending on the quantity of modules constituting the desired propellant charge to fire a projectile.
  • the first means include a set of n compartments
  • the second means comprise at the level of each compartment a bearing surface carried by a pivotally mounted flap and movable by an actuator between an active position to retain the module and a retracted position to release the module which falls by gravity on the conveyor.
  • the compartments for receiving the modules are arranged in a row, and the conveyor includes a chute arranged under the row of compartments and parallel to it.
  • the first means include a set of n compartments
  • the second means comprise at the level of each compartment a pusher likely to be translate in a first direction which is perpendicular to the axis of the module so as to push the one in the conveyor.
  • the device comprises at the level of each compartment of the lateral wedging means of each load module following the first direction perpendicular to the axis of the module, means which include at least one retractable finger disposed between the module and the conveyor and whose erasure is controlled by the displacement of the pusher.
  • the device may also include at the level of each compartment of the holding means of each module load in a second direction, perpendicular to both at the axis of the module and at the first direction, means which include at least a first tab which is erased by the module when it is entered the compartment and returned to the position of maintenance by the action of spring means.
  • the device may include holding means of each module in the conveyor, means comprising at at least a second retractable tongue arranged between each compartment and the conveyor, tongue which is erased by the module when it entered the conveyor and which returns to the holding position by the action of means springs.
  • the compartments for receiving the modules will be arranged in a row, and the conveyor include a chute arranged laterally to the row compartments and parallel to it.
  • the compartments and the chute can be integral with the same support structure.
  • the conveyor also includes a repressor to push back the modules received in the chute towards the stretcher with a loading arm for modules in the barrel chamber.
  • the conveyor comprises means for separate from each other the modules received in the chute, these means being retractable before actuation of the repressor.
  • the separation means could consist of a comb extending parallel to the chute, the teeth of the comb separating the modules.
  • the compartments will advantageously be arranged in a longitudinal block and delimited by a set of side partitions.
  • the device for controlling second means includes a central processing unit to control the actuator of each compartment in depending on the quantity of modules constituting the load propellant desired, and means for counting the number of modules transferred to the conveyor.
  • the device for transfer is simple in design, and can be easily integrated into the volume reserved for this purpose in an armored turret or casemate.
  • the device transfer can also be integrated into a chain automatic supply of modules constituting propellant charges, toward the barrel chamber.
  • the transfer device 1 of modules 3 constituting propellant charges is designed to be mounted between a storage warehouse (not shown) and a loading system 5 of these modules 3 in a chamber of an artillery cannon (not shown) to fire a projectile beforehand introduced into this room.
  • the first means 6 for receiving the modules 3 include a set of n compartments 10 which are formed in a longitudinal block 12 to form a line or a receiving row of n modules 3 axially aligned in this row.
  • Each compartment 10 is delimited between two lateral partitions 14, vertical and parallel to each other.
  • the two partitions 14 of a compartment 10 are separated from each other by a distance slightly greater than the length of a module 3.
  • the partitions allow to separate the different modules which avoids friction between the modules which would likely lead to an initiation of their powder loading.
  • each compartment 10 comprises a bearing surface 15 for retaining the module 3.
  • module 3 received in compartment 10 is transferred by gravity to the conveyor 8 of the loading system 5.
  • this bearing surface 15 is formed by the curved edge 17a of a flap 17 which is movable by means of an actuator 20 between an active position to hold module 3 in the compartment 10 and a retracted position to release then by gravity the module 3 on the conveyor 8.
  • This bearing surface 15 of flap 17 therefore forms, at level of each compartment 10, the second means 7 for transfer the module 3 to the conveyor 8.
  • the surface support 15 of module 3 in compartment 10 east completed by a fixed part formed by a curved edge 22a of a plate 22.
  • This plate 22 extends substantially over the entire length of the longitudinal block 10 and parallel to it to form a bearing surface and for guiding the modules 3 at the entrance to the compartments 10.
  • the plate 22 is inclined towards the compartments 10 so as to form an inclined plane which will allow modules 3 to roll in on themselves to get into their respective compartments 10 once they have been deposited on this plate 22.
  • the edge 22a of the plate 22 is curved down and is located on the side of the plate adjacent to compartments 10.
  • the flap 17 is located towards the rear of each compartment 10 and such that, when the flap 17 is in its active position, its curved edge 17a generally comes to the same level as the edge 22a of the plate 22 and located at a distance from the latter which is less than the diameter of a module 3.
  • a module 3 can rest freely on these two edges 22a and 17a. Concretely, when component 17 is in its active position, it is oriented along a tilted position.
  • Each flap 17, towards its end opposite its edge curved 17a, is mounted articulated on an axis 24 supported by the block 12 on the one hand, and on a rod 25 of the actuator 20 associated, the latter also being supported by the block 12.
  • Each actuator 20 is for example of the electromagnetic type.
  • a module 3 received in a compartment 10 is wedged by means of an articulated pad 30 which comes position just above module 3. All pads 30 are carried by the same rod 32 to be ordered simultaneously by pivoting by means of a drive member (not shown) which drives the rod 32 along a alternating rotational movement. Each shoe 30 can thus take either an active position to wedge module 3 in its compartment 10, that is to say a retracted position for do not oppose the entry of module 3 in its compartment 10.
  • the control device for all the actuators 20 of the flaps 17, is constituted by a central unit of CPU processing and means of counting the number of modules 3 transferred to the conveyor 8.
  • the conveyor 8 of the loading system 5 comprises a chute 35 which is intended to receive the modules 3 which compartments 10 fall by gravity. This chute 35 is placed below compartments 10 and extends over the entire length of these. Guide surfaces additional 37 are provided between compartments 10 and the chute 35 for guiding the modules 3 during their fall.
  • the conveyor 8 is also equipped with a repressor 40 actuated by a motor member 42. The repressor 40 is located towards one end of the chute 30 and includes a head 40a intended to bear on the module 3 located at the end of chute 35 for push back all the modules 3 on a stretcher loading arm (not shown).
  • the modules 3 received in the chute 35 are separated from each other by through a comb 45 whose teeth 47 engage between the modules 3.
  • the comb 45 is retractable by means a drive member (not shown) before actuation of the 40.
  • the comb avoids friction between modules can lead to ignition.
  • an arm articulated 50 fitted with gripping means 52 of the depression comes to sample a row of modules 3 leaving the store.
  • This arm 50 is then moved to drop this row of modules 3 on the inclined plane formed by the plate 22 located at the entrance of the compartments 10.
  • Flaps 17 of all compartments 10 are then in an active position so that their respective bearing surfaces 15 can retain the modules 3, and the pads 30 are on the other hand in a retracted position to allow free passage of modules 3.
  • modules 3, once released by the arms 50 roll on the inclined plane formed by the plate 22 and freely enter their respective compartments 10.
  • the pads 30 are returned to an active position to wedge the modules 3 in their compartments respective 10.
  • Four modules 3 are thus received by the chute 35 of the conveyor 8 between the teeth 47 of the comb 45. After raising the comb 45, the chute 35 is moved towards the stretcher loading and the repressor 40 then pushes the four 3 modules on the stretcher to be loaded in the room cannon for firing a first projectile.
  • the chute 35 is returned to its initial position under the row of compartments 10, the comb 45 is lowered and the two actuators 20 associated with the two compartments 10 still containing a module 3 are actuated so that these two modules 3 are received through the chute 35.
  • the articulated arm 50 is maneuvered to introduce six new modules 3 in the six compartments 10.
  • the unit central processing unit UC controls two actuators 20 for two new modules 3 to be received in chute 35 and thus obtain the quantity of charge propellant needed to fire a second projectile.
  • the two actuators 20 are selected from so choose two compartments 10 different from those which contained the two modules 3 already received by the chute 35.
  • the four modules of chute 35 are then pushed back to the loading stretcher.
  • the four actuators 20 of the four compartments 10 still containing a module 3 are controlled by the central processing unit UC, and four modules 3 are received in chute 35.
  • These four modules 3 can be pushed back to the stretcher loading because their number corresponds to the load propellant required to fire a third projectile. The previous cycle repeats for shooting new projectiles.
  • skates 30 which allow the modules 3 to be wedged in the compartments 10, are not necessarily controlled by a driving organ.
  • the pads 30 can be lifted or pushed back to the passage of modules 3 and then fall back down by simple gravity when modules 3 leave the compartments 10.
  • Figures 3 to 5b show a second mode of realization of the transfer device according to the invention.
  • the first means 6 for receive propellant charge modules 3 include still n compartments 10 arranged in a block longitudinal 12.
  • Each compartment 10 is delimited by two side walls 14 vertical and parallel between which have a triangular shape, which facilitates the lowering of the gripping means not shown here (such as a clamp) which transport the module from the magazine to the compartment.
  • the bottom of each compartment is formed by a bottom plate 64 on which the module is supported.
  • the partitions again allow the separation of the different modules which avoids friction between modules likely to cause their initiation.
  • the different compartments are aligned so that form a row for receiving the modules 3.
  • the longitudinal block constitutes a support structure mechanically welded also carrying the chute 35 of the conveyor, which is arranged laterally to the row of compartments 10 and parallel to this one, the bottom of the chute located slightly below the plate background 64.
  • This transfer device also comprises at the level from each compartment 10 a pusher 60 capable of being translate in a first direction Z which is perpendicular to the axis of the module 3.
  • All the pushers constitute the second means allowing the transfer of each module on the loading system conveyor.
  • Each pusher 60 is constituted by a plate 61 folded in "L" on which the load module 3 is in support, plate carrying two triangular stiffeners 62.
  • the plate 61 is integral with a drive bar 63 which is arranged below compartment 10.
  • the bar 63 has one end to which the pusher, end which passes through the bottom plate 64 at through a light 65.
  • the bar 63 is mounted sliding relative to compartment 10 by through guide grooves (not shown).
  • the drive bar 63 carries a rack 67 on which engages a pinion 68 driven by a motor 69.
  • the motor 69 is controlled by the central unit of processing and it causes the displacement of the bar 63 and pusher 60 in direction Z.
  • An upper face of the bar 63 carries a notch 70 which is intended to cooperate with a rod 71 whose axis is parallel to the axis of the module 3.
  • This rod 71 is secured to two wedging fingers retractable 72 which constitute wedging means lateral of each module in the first direction Z perpendicular to the axis of the module.
  • the fingers 72 ensure thus maintaining the module 3 in its compartment 10 and they prohibit the passage of the module 3 in the chute 35 of the conveyor.
  • the assembly formed by the fingers 72 and the rod 71 is capable of pivoting around bearings 73 integral with the support 12.
  • the notch 70 has two inclined profiles 70a and 70b.
  • the first profile 70a is oriented so that a moving the pusher in the Z direction causes the tilting of the fingers 72 and their retraction below the bottom plate 64 of the compartment. This tilt frees up module 3 which can then be taken by pusher 60 in the chute 35.
  • the second profile 70b is oriented so that return of the pusher to its initial position reposition the fingers in their shimming position by one module. Returning to the finger position may possibly be assisted by a return spring.
  • the transfer device comprises also at the level of each compartment, means of maintenance of each module 3 in a second direction Y, which is perpendicular both to the axis of the module and to the first direction Z.
  • These holding means comprise at least one first retractable tongue 74 which is mounted between the side partitions 14 which delimit a compartment 10.
  • This tongue 74 can pivot against the action of a return spring 79 around an axis 75 parallel to the axis of module 3.
  • the first tab 74 is in the state of rest in the position shown in Figure 5a, in this position it is in abutment and cannot rotate around axis 75 only counterclockwise of a watch.
  • the first tab 74 When a charging module 3 is inserted into the compartment 10, the first tab 74 is pushed by the module. Once it is in its compartment, the first tab is brought back to its rest position by its return spring.
  • the device also comprises at the level of each compartment 10 a second retractable tongue 76 which is mounted on the same axis 75 as the first tab and which is interposed between compartment 10 and the conveyor chute 35.
  • This second tab can also pivot against the action of a return spring 80.
  • the second tab 76 When the module 3 is pushed into the chute 35 by the pusher 60, the second tab 76 is pushed by the module. When the module 3 is in the chute 35, the second tab 76 is returned to its rest position by its return spring.
  • the modules 3 which are received in the chute 35 are separated from each other by a comb 45 which prevents friction between the modules.
  • This comb has teeth 47 which are integral an operating shaft 77, the rotation of which is controlled by a drive member 78.
  • the comb is retracted before actuation of a repressor, not shown, which may have a structure similar to that described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, and for example include a head intended to bear on the load module located at the end of the chute and allowing all the modules to be pushed onto the loading arm stretcher.
  • an arm (not shown) equipped with gripping means comes place a row of modules 3 in compartments 10.
  • An inclined plate could possibly be positioned above the pushers 60 to orient the modules towards compartments.
  • Each module is then held horizontally in its compartment 10 between the plate 61 and the fingers setting 72. It is also maintained in the direction vertical by the first flap 74.
  • the shooting leader entered into the central processing unit UC the number of desired modules. So only some of the motors 69 will be ordered and will cause the displacement of their associated pushers.
  • Each button that is actuated passes a module propellant charge in chute 35 between teeth 47 of comb 45. After lifting comb 45, push it back can push the modules onto a loading stretcher.
  • the number of modules required is transferred in the chute 35 by the appropriate pushers.
  • the remaining modules are transferred to the chute 35 to allow the relining of compartments 10. Then the number of missing modules is transferred to free slots the chute 35 by the appropriate pushers.
  • the unit of command will of course choose the pushers 60 which correspond to compartments 10 different from those which contained the modules already received by the chute 35.
  • the comb 45 is raised and the repressor pushes the modules on a loading stretcher. This cycle can be repeated for firing new projectiles.
  • the advantage of this second embodiment is: have a smaller vertical footprint than the first embodiment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Branching, Merging, And Special Transfer Between Conveyors (AREA)
  • Specific Conveyance Elements (AREA)
  • Special Conveying (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Transfereinrichtung von Modulen (3) aus Treibladungen zwischen einem Lagermagazin und einem Ladesystem (5) dieser Module in der Kammer eines Artilleriegeschützes, insbesondere eines Geschützes, das auf einem Geschützturm oder in einem gepanzerten Bunker montiert ist und erste Vorrichtungen (6) enthält, um n Module (3) aufzunehmen, die aus einem Magazin entnommen wurden, und zweite Vorrichtungen (7), um jedes dieser n Module (3) einem Förderer (8) des Ladesystems (5) zu übergeben, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweiten Vorrichtungen (7) eine Steuereinrichtung (9) enthalten, um den Transfer einer bestimmten Anzahl von Modulen (3) auf dem Förderer (8) zu steuern, die von der Anzahl der Module (3) für die gewünschte Treibladung abhängt, um ein Projektil abzufeuern.
  2. Transfereinrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die ersten Vorrichtungen (6) eine Gruppe von n Fächern (10) enthalten und dass die zweiten Vorrichtungen (7) auf Höhe jedes Fachs (10) eine Auflagefläche (15) über einer Klappe (17) enthalten, die drehbar montiert ist und durch ein Stellglied (20) zwischen einer aktiven Stellung, die das Modul (3) zurückhält, und einer versenkten Position die Stellung wechseln kann und das Modul (3) freigibt, das durch Schwerkraft auf den Förderer (8) fällt.
  3. Transfereinrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Aufnahmefächer (10) der Module (3) in einer Reihe angeordnet sind und dass der Förderer (8) eine Rutsche (35) enthält, die unter der Fächerreihe (10) parallel zu ihnen angebracht ist.
  4. Transfereinrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die ersten Vorrichtungen (6) eine Gruppe von n Fächern (10) enthalten und dass die zweiten Vorrichtungen (7) auf Höhe jedes Fachs (10) einen Drücker (60) enthalten, der sich in einer ersten Richtung (Z) bewegen kann und senkrecht zur Achse des Moduls steht, um es in den Förderer (8) drücken zu können.
  5. Transfereinrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie auf Höhe jedes Fachs (10) Vorrichtungen zur seitlichen Blockierung jedes Lademoduls einer ersten Richtung (Z) folgend enthält, die zur Modulachse senkrecht verläuft, Vorrichtungen, die mindestens einen versenkbaren Bolzen (72) zwischen dem Modul (3) und dem Förderer (8) enthalten, dessen Beseitigung durch Stellungswechsel des Drückers (60) gesteuert wird.
  6. Transfereinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie auf Höhe jedes Fachs (10) Vorrichtungen zur Arretierung jedes Lademoduls (3) einer zweiten Richtung (Y) folgend enthält, die sowohl zur Modulachse (3) als auch zur ersten Richtung (Z) senkrecht verläuft, Vorrichtungen, die mindestens eine erste versenkbare Zunge (74) enthalten, die durch das Modul (3) entfernt wird, wenn es ins Fach (10) eintritt, und die durch Einsatz von Federn (79) wieder arretiert wird.
  7. Transfereinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie Vorrichtungen zur Arretierung jedes Moduls (3) im Förderer (8) enthält, Vorrichtungen, die mindestens eine zweite versenkbare Zunge (76) enthalten, die zwischen jedem Fach (10) und dem Förderer (8) angebracht ist, und durch das Modul (3) entfernt wird, wenn es in den Förderer eintritt, und die durch den Einsatz von Federn (80) wieder arretiert wird.
  8. Transfereinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Aufnahmefächer (10) der Module (3) in einer Reihe angeordnet sind und dass der Förderer (8) eine Rutsche (35) enthält, die seitlich der i aufgereihten Fächer und parallel dazu angebracht ist.
  9. Transfereinrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fächer (10) und die Rutsche (35) durch eine gleiche Trägerstruktur verbunden sind.
  10. Transfereinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 oder 8 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Förderer (8) auch einen Schieber (40) enthält, um die in der Rutsche (35) erhaltenen Module (3) zum Traggestell eines Ladearms der Module (3) in der Geschützkammer zu drücken.
  11. Transfereinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 oder 8 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Förderer (8) Vorrichtungen enthält, um die in der Rutsche (35) erhaltenen Module (3) voneinander zu trennen, Vorrichtungen, die vor Einsatz des Schiebers (40) versenkt sind.
  12. Transfereinrichtung nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Trennvorrichtungen durch einen Kamm (45) parallel zur Rutsche (35) gebildet sind, dessen Zähne (47) die Module (3) trennen.
  13. Transfereinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fächer (10) in Längsblock (12) angebracht sind und durch Seitenwänden (14) voneinander getrennt.
  14. Transfereinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Steuereinrichtung (9) der zweiten Vorrichtungen (7) eine Zentraleinheit (ZE) enthält, um das Stellglied (20) jedes Fachs (10) je nach Menge der Module (3), die die gewünschte Treibladung bilden, zu steuern, und Zählvorrichtungen der dem Förderer (8) übergebenen Module (3).
EP97400007A 1996-01-05 1997-01-03 Vorrichtung zum Überführen von Treibladungen aus einem Magazin in eine Ladevorrichtung Expired - Lifetime EP0783094B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9600072A FR2743411B1 (fr) 1996-01-05 1996-01-05 Dispositif de transfert de modules constituant des charges propulsives, entre un magasin de stockage et un systeme de chargement de ces modules dans la chambre d'un canon d'artillerie
FR9600072 1996-01-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0783094A1 EP0783094A1 (de) 1997-07-09
EP0783094B1 true EP0783094B1 (de) 2001-03-28

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Country Link
US (1) US5837923A (de)
EP (1) EP0783094B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69704380T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2743411B1 (de)
IL (1) IL119930A (de)
ZA (1) ZA9744B (de)

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FR2778235B1 (fr) 1998-04-30 2000-06-02 Giat Ind Sa Dispositif d'alimentation d'un canon d'artillerie en elements de munition
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US6170380B1 (en) * 1998-12-30 2001-01-09 General Dynamics Armament Sys., Inc. Method and apparatus for storing and handling propellant charge units
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FR2825144B1 (fr) 2001-05-28 2003-09-05 Giat Ind Sa Magasin de stockage pour modules de charge propulsive
FR2842893B1 (fr) 2002-07-26 2005-10-21 Giat Ind Sa Dispositif de saisie de modules de charges propulsives
FR2869681B1 (fr) * 2004-04-29 2006-07-28 Giat Ind Sa Dispositif de separation de modules de charge propulsive
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ZA9744B (en) 1997-09-09
US5837923A (en) 1998-11-17
DE69704380D1 (de) 2001-05-03
FR2743411A1 (fr) 1997-07-11
DE69704380T2 (de) 2001-07-12
EP0783094A1 (de) 1997-07-09
FR2743411B1 (fr) 1998-02-27
IL119930A0 (en) 1997-03-18
IL119930A (en) 2000-06-01

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