EP0807708A2 - Ultraviolettstrahlen blockierendes Material und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung - Google Patents

Ultraviolettstrahlen blockierendes Material und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0807708A2
EP0807708A2 EP97109757A EP97109757A EP0807708A2 EP 0807708 A2 EP0807708 A2 EP 0807708A2 EP 97109757 A EP97109757 A EP 97109757A EP 97109757 A EP97109757 A EP 97109757A EP 0807708 A2 EP0807708 A2 EP 0807708A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fabric
coating
blocker
breathable
interstices
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97109757A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0807708A3 (de
Inventor
Michael A. Goldenhersh
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Goldenguard Technologies Ltd
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority claimed from EP19890307704 external-priority patent/EP0410055B1/de
Publication of EP0807708A2 publication Critical patent/EP0807708A2/de
Publication of EP0807708A3 publication Critical patent/EP0807708A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N7/00—Flexible sheet materials not otherwise provided for, e.g. textile threads, filaments, yarns or tow, glued on macromolecular material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0009—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using knitted fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
    • D06N3/0059—Organic ingredients with special effects, e.g. oil- or water-repellent, antimicrobial, flame-resistant, magnetic, bactericidal, odour-influencing agents; perfumes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D2400/00—Functions or special features of garments
    • A41D2400/26—UV light protection

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an ultraviolet blocking material, and more particularly to a breathable ultraviolet blocking material.
  • Ultraviolet radiation is to be credited with certain therapeutic applications -- for example, the treatment of psoriasis -- but is far better known for its harmful effect on skin ranging from the simple sunburn to a dried-out, prematurely wrinkled skin, cataracts, and skin cancer. While the present application is concerned particularly with the protection of human beings from the deleterious effects of ultraviolet radiation, such effects extend beyond humans and encompass other animals, food stuffs, medicines, upholstery and the like.
  • Ultraviolet radiation refers to that portion of the spectrum just beyond the violet on the short-wavelength side, generally 200-400 nm. At least with respect to human skin, the most pertinent portions of the spectrum are considered to be UVA radiation (about 320-400 nm) and UVB radiation (about 290-300 nm).
  • Topical sunscreens contain absorber chemicals which can be applied directly to the skin to block transmission of at least some UV radiation, for example, by absorbing it. The topical sunscreens have not proven to be entirely satisfactory in use, however. They are typically inconvenient to apply, expensive, require frequent re-application, may cause photosensitivity reactions, allergic contact dermatitis or acne cosmetica, may stain clothing yellow and provide only a relatively low level of UVA protection.
  • Untreated yarn may itself block the transmission of ultraviolet radiation and, if it does not, can frequently be treated to provide such a function.
  • tightly knit or double knit clothing may be used to protect against ultraviolet radiation, but such clothing is clearly uncomfortable to wear in warm weather, precisely when the need for sun protection is greatest.
  • UV blockers have been incorporated into textile fibers (such as wool) to protect them from the deleterious effects thereon of ultraviolet radiation. In such instances, however, it is the fibers of the fabric -- or the added UV blocker deposited on the fibers -- which provide protection against UV transmission and thus a dense material, such as a double knit, closely woven, or woven of densely intermeshed fibers, must be employed.
  • an object of the present invention to provide an ultraviolet blocking material which is based on a breathable fabric of loosely intermeshed fibers.
  • Another object is to provide such a material which is based on a breathable fabric defining porosity-creating apertures and yet provides ultraviolet blocking even in the apertures.
  • a further object is to provide such a material which, if desired, is breathable.
  • an ultraviolet blocking material comprising a breathable fabric defining porosity-creating apertures, and a coating on the fabric at least partially disposed in the apertures.
  • the coating contains an effective amount of at least one UV blocker.
  • the fabric comprises a web of loosely intermeshed fibers defining interstices therebetween, the coating being at least partially disposed within the interstices.
  • the fabric may be a woven material with the web comprising loosely woven threads defining the interstices therebetween.
  • the coating is breathable (i.e., moisture vapor permeable) and biaxially spans the apertures.
  • the coating contains a total of at least 5% of UV blocker on a dry weight basis, preferably about 7%, with the UV blocker being p-aminobenzoic acid or oxybenzone.
  • the material is characterized by a zero percent transmittance of both UVA and UVB under a UVA irradiance of 4.5 mW/cm 2 and a UVB irradiance of 1.6 mW/cm 2 .
  • the invention further encompasses clothing made at least in part of the material and a method of making the material by applying a moist coating to the fabric to at least partially fill the apertures therewith, and then drying the coating on the fabric.
  • an ultraviolet blocking material according to the present invention, generally designated by the reference numeral 10.
  • the material 10 may be used for clothing, both outdoor clothing (e.g., hats, beach wear, stockings, T-shirts, etc.) and indoor clothing (e.g., as industrial clothing for ultraviolet contaminated environments), as well as window shades, parasols, umbrellas, tents and the like. While the preferred embodiments of the present invention discussed herein are primarily intended for use as clothing, clearly the principles of the present invention apply equally well to materials intended for other applications.
  • the ultraviolet blocking material 10 includes, as a substrate, a fabric 12.
  • the fabric 12 is breathable (that is, water vapor-permeable).
  • the fabric 12 defines apertures or interyarn spaces 14 which afford porosity to the fabric.
  • the porosity created by the apertures 14 may be the source of the breathability of the fabric 12. Alternatively, the breathability may result from the other factors well recognized in the art.
  • the fabric 12 comprises a web of loosely intermeshed fibers 16 defining interstices 14 therebetween, the loosely intermeshed fibers of the web being loosely woven threads or yarns defining the interstices therebetween in the case of a woven.
  • the fabric itself may be formed of natural or synthetic materials, including cotton, wool, velvet, denim, polyester, and nylon, to name only a few of the multitude of fabrics currently available on the market in a breathable apertured form.
  • the fabric 12 need not, by itself, be in any way an ultraviolet blocker.
  • a coating 20 is on the fabric 12, at least partially disposed in the apertures or interyarn spaces 14.
  • the composition of the coating 20 is, of course, selected for compatability with the composition of the fabric 12 from any of the wide range of natural and synthetic coatings available, including polyvinyl chloride, neoprene, natural and synthetic rubbers, acrylics, polyurethanes, silicones, etc.
  • the composition of the coating is also selected for its coating properties.
  • the coating may be applied, to one or both of the fabric substrate surfaces, by any of the techniques well recognized in the coating art as depositing a coating within the apertures or interstices 14. See, for example, Textile (Spring 1985), Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 2-8. More particularly, the coating composition 20, when dried, should span from one side of an aperture or interstice 14 to the other along two orthogonal axes in the plane of the fabric; in other words, the coating 20 should "fill" the aperture lengthwise and widthwise, even if not depthwise.
  • the coating 20 occupy the interstice 14 to a uniform depth, this is not essential so long as the coating occupies the interstice to a depth which exceeds some critical minimum necessary to afford the appropriate uniform minimum level of ultraviolet blocking to the material for a given application.
  • the coating may be made porous, microporous, breathable poromeric, breathable non-poromeric, etc. according to techniques well known in the art in order to provide breathability. See Knitting International (August 1985), Vol. 92, pp. 115-116.
  • the method by which the coating composition 20 is applied to the fabric 12 will depend upon various factors such as the fabric composition and nature, the coating composition, the level of breathability desired in the composition, the available equipment and the like. Depending upon such factors, the coating composition may initially be directly applied (sprayed, painted, dipped, applied with a doctoring blade or knife edge, etc.) or indirectly applied (for example, as a preformed film).
  • the degree of looseness acceptable in the fabric 12 -- that is, the upper limit on the size of the apertures 14 -- is limited only by the ability of the coating composition 20 to fill in the apertures. Within limits, the viscosity of the coating composition may be varied to provide suitable filling of the fabric apertures 14 by the coating composition 20.
  • the coating 20 may comprise a single uniform coating extending over substantially the entire surface of the fabric including both the fibers 16 and the apertures 14, or may comprise a plurality of discrete coatings filling the apertures 14 and being bounded by, for example, the threads 16 of a woven fabric.
  • the fabric itself without the coating
  • the coating provides UV blockage comparable to that provided by the coating within an aperture
  • the coating should extend over the fabric portion as well, to a depth sufficient to provide, in conjunction with the fabric portion, the minimum acceptable UV blockage.
  • the coating composition 20 contains an effective amount of a UV blocker.
  • a UV blocker Any of the presently known or hereinafter discovered UV blockers (and this includes materials which absorb, block or reflect UV) may be utilized such as p-aninobenzoic acid (PABA) and its esters, benzophenones such as oxybenzone, cinnamates, anthranilates, salicylates, and camphor derivatives. Especially preferred are PABA and oxybenzone.
  • PABA p-aninobenzoic acid
  • benzophenones such as oxybenzone, cinnamates, anthranilates, salicylates, and camphor derivatives.
  • PABA p-aninobenzoic acid
  • benzophenones such as oxybenzone, cinnamates, anthranilates, salicylates, and camphor derivatives.
  • PABA p-aninobenzoic acid
  • benzophenones such as oxybenzone,
  • UV blockers may be used for either additive or synergistic effects or to provide blockage effective over particular ranges of the spectrum. While the blocker is not being applied directly to the skin, as in a topical sunscreen, where the material will be utilized to form clothing, the blocker may eventually be adjacent skin and hence should be selected for its non-reactive nature.
  • the coating absent the blocker, need play no role itself in blocking ultraviolet radiation.
  • particular coatings will, even absent the blocker, contribute to some degree to that effect, and such contributions should be taken into account in determining the amount of blocker to use in the coating.
  • the coating composition merely serves as the vehicle for introducing the blocker into, and maintaining it within, the apertures of the fabric. Accordingly, the level at which the coating is applied to the fabric will vary greatly with the level of the blocker in the coating, both of these in turn varying widely with the intended application of the coated fabric.
  • the level of a blocker such as oxybenzophenone should be at least 5% of the coating, on a dry weight basis, and preferably about 7%, to block all UVA and UVB transmittance.
  • the blocker may be premixed with an appropriate solvent (e.g., toluene, MEK, etc.) to form a solution of appropriate concentration prior to being mixed with the other ingredients of the coating composition.
  • oxybenzone from Aldrich Chemical Company of New York
  • toluene was diluted with toluene and mixed into a clear Durane #7801 coating at a solids content of 30% by weight (a polyurethane available from Raffi and Swanson, Inc. of Wilmington, Mass.), so that the coating contained about 7% oxybenzone, on a dry weight basis.
  • the oxybenzone-containing coating was then evenly distributed at room temperature on one side only of a loosely woven Ninon fabric using a doctoring blade.
  • the coating level on the fabric was 0.0254 gm/inch 2 .
  • the coated fabric was then oven-dried to evaporate the solvents and allow the coating solids to dry.
  • the Table indicates that even the uncoated loosely woven fabric reduced the UVA and UVB radiation substantially (about 1/3), and that the fabric with a coating not containing any ultraviolet blocker further reduced transmittance only very modestly in the case of the UVA, while more substantially in the case of UVB (by about half).
  • the coating contained an ultraviolet blocker
  • the transmittance level for both UVA and UVB was reduced to zero.
  • the ability of the ultraviolet blocking material to eliminate transmittance of both UVA and UVB radiation was unexpected in view of the fact that the UVA sunscreen chemicals applied topically generally provide a blockage of only about 30-50% of UVA and oxybenzone applied topically is a weak UVB blocker.
  • the theoretical basis for the enhanced results obtained with the ultraviolet blocking material of the present invention is not fully understood.
  • the non-topical use of the UV blocker permits its use at higher concentrations than would be suitable for topical use, and the maintenance of the UV blocker within the coating protects it from the dilution and impurities which typically result with topical application thereof.
  • the present invention provides an ultraviolet blocking material which is based on a breathable fabric of loosely intermeshed fibers.
  • the breathable fabric defines porosity-creating apertures and yet provides ultraviolet blocking even in the apertures.
  • the material is light weight, inexpensive, comfortable to wear and easy to maintain. If desired, the material itself may be breathable.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
EP97109757A 1989-07-28 1989-07-28 Ultraviolettstrahlen blockierendes Material und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung Withdrawn EP0807708A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19890307704 EP0410055B1 (de) 1988-06-02 1989-07-28 Ultraviolettstrahlen blockierendes Material und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

Related Parent Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89307704.0 Division 1989-07-28
EP19890307704 Division EP0410055B1 (de) 1988-06-02 1989-07-28 Ultraviolettstrahlen blockierendes Material und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0807708A2 true EP0807708A2 (de) 1997-11-19
EP0807708A3 EP0807708A3 (de) 1998-12-09

Family

ID=8202745

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97109757A Withdrawn EP0807708A3 (de) 1989-07-28 1989-07-28 Ultraviolettstrahlen blockierendes Material und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0807708A3 (de)
AT (1) ATE162566T1 (de)
DE (1) DE68928561D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2111519T3 (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19824058A1 (de) * 1998-05-29 1999-12-02 Benecke Kaliko Ag Transluzentes Flächengebilde
EP2960366A1 (de) * 2014-06-25 2015-12-30 Yen-Lin Tsai Sonnenblende und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Überdachung
US9717313B2 (en) 2014-06-25 2017-08-01 Yen-Lin Tsai Sunshade and method of preparing a canopy
US10399115B2 (en) * 2010-01-11 2019-09-03 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Method for coating with dispersions of active ingredients coated in a polymer layer
US10477931B2 (en) 2014-06-25 2019-11-19 Yen-Lin Tsai Sunshade and method of preparing a canopy

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2391959A (en) * 1944-01-12 1946-01-01 Gallowhur George Sun-bathing apparel
US2976259A (en) * 1956-09-05 1961-03-21 American Cyanamid Co 2, 2'-dihydroxy-4-alkoxybenzophenones as ultraviolet light absorbers for resins
ZA751636B (en) * 1975-03-17 1976-04-28 Oth Beier & Co Ltd Improvements in the coating of open mesh material
JPS6375178A (ja) * 1986-07-29 1988-04-05 フエイドガ−ド，インコ−ポレ−テツド 有機及び類似の繊維、布帛などに紫外線安定性及び吸収性並びに撥油性を同時に付与する方法及び材料、並びに紫外線遮断性及び撥水性を有する薄い固化被膜
AU7968787A (en) * 1986-09-03 1988-03-24 Burlington Industries, Inc. Microporous coatings

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19824058A1 (de) * 1998-05-29 1999-12-02 Benecke Kaliko Ag Transluzentes Flächengebilde
US6468928B2 (en) 1998-05-29 2002-10-22 Benecke-Kaliko Ag Translucent sheets
US10399115B2 (en) * 2010-01-11 2019-09-03 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Method for coating with dispersions of active ingredients coated in a polymer layer
EP2960366A1 (de) * 2014-06-25 2015-12-30 Yen-Lin Tsai Sonnenblende und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Überdachung
US9717313B2 (en) 2014-06-25 2017-08-01 Yen-Lin Tsai Sunshade and method of preparing a canopy
US10477931B2 (en) 2014-06-25 2019-11-19 Yen-Lin Tsai Sunshade and method of preparing a canopy

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2111519T3 (es) 1998-03-16
ATE162566T1 (de) 1998-02-15
DE68928561D1 (de) 1998-02-26
EP0807708A3 (de) 1998-12-09

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