EP0833059A2 - Verfahren zum Verdichten eines Gases - Google Patents
Verfahren zum Verdichten eines Gases Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0833059A2 EP0833059A2 EP97115766A EP97115766A EP0833059A2 EP 0833059 A2 EP0833059 A2 EP 0833059A2 EP 97115766 A EP97115766 A EP 97115766A EP 97115766 A EP97115766 A EP 97115766A EP 0833059 A2 EP0833059 A2 EP 0833059A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- compression
- gas
- pressure
- post
- mass flow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D23/00—Other rotary non-positive-displacement pumps
- F04D23/001—Pumps adapted for conveying materials or for handling specific elastic fluids
- F04D23/003—Pumps adapted for conveying materials or for handling specific elastic fluids of radial-flow type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/02—Surge control
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for compressing a gas with a constant Pressure, constant temperature and time-varying mass flow all in one constant final pressure through dynamic compression using a turbocompressor system, one plant for main compaction and one plant for post-compaction contains.
- Methods according to the preamble of claim 1 are from the publications of Guy Gisteau-Baguer, "High Power Refrigeration at Temperatures Around 2 K", ICEC (International Cryogenic Engineering Conference) 16, 1996, Kitakyushu, Japan, and by M.Kauschke, C.Haberstroh, H.Quack “Safe and Efficient Operation of Multistage Cold Compressor Systems ", CEC (Cryogenic Engineering Conference) 1995 Columbus, USA, known.
- High-performance cryogenic refrigeration systems are used on particle accelerators in nuclear research facilities, which are required for cooling superconducting magnets and cavity resonators.
- the vapor pressure of helium at 2 K is 3129 Pa (31 mbar).
- helium must be compressed from 31 mbar to atmospheric pressure. This corresponds to a compression ratio of 32: 1.
- turbocompressors are used for the compression of the large mass flows that occur with high cooling capacity. Usually up to five compressor stages are required.
- Cold compressors are used in order to be able to use smaller turbocompressors with a correspondingly low volume flow, and the higher density at low temperatures also permits high pressure ratios per stage.
- the heat exchanger which heats the gas to ambient temperatures, can be made much simpler.
- turbocompressors are limited a variation of the gas inlet temperature and the mass flow with stable operation enable all compressor stages. This is in contrast to the most requested Operating modes with reduced cooling capacity, with fast load changes and with Chilling the refrigeration system. Changes in the final pressure are common, even at far under atmospheric pressure. This can be in the warm part of the refrigeration system lead to undesired inflow of air into the refrigeration cycle. Become frequent volumetric compressors are also used, which have an increased load at part load Take over pressure ratio, but only suitable for a limited mass flow are. Or the smaller mass flow with reduced cooling capacity is reduced by one additional mass flow supplements, resulting in poor overall efficiency Refrigeration system.
- the object of the invention is therefore to largely avoid these disadvantages.
- the dynamic compression in a turbocompressor system is carried out so that the gas at maximum mass flow reaches the final pressure in the main compression and bypasses the post-compression is used for further use.
- the advantage is the required To achieve final pressure in a main operating case in a thermodynamically favorable manner, where the post-compression need not be in operation. With one opposite the maximum mass flow reduced mass flow, the gas is in the Post-compression passed, there compressed to the final pressure and then for further use fed.
- the advantage is that the procedure is important for one Part load case can also be designed and operated thermodynamically favorable.
- the post-compression compresses the pressure over a certain pressure ratio Final pressure. The machines connected below with regard to the pressures suck at lower ones To press.
- the method according to the invention can be used advantageously if that too compressing gas is present at cryogenic temperatures. Warming up before compression requires additional heat exchangers combined with a warm compressor, which must then be much larger because of the larger volume flow.
- the method according to the invention can be used advantageously if the pressure of the gas to be compressed in the vacuum range between the boiling pressure of the gas and the atmospheric pressure.
- this pressure range with principally high ones
- volume flows are the area of application through least limited available size of the compressors.
- the multi-stage execution of the main compression of the method according to the invention enables, especially when using intercoolers, an improvement in Efficiency of compression.
- the post-compression can be carried out with only one compressor stage be performed.
- the additional investment for operation at part load is then particularly low.
- the turbocompressor system can advantageously in the method according to the invention between successive turbocompressor stages intermediate cooler or reheater contain. This allows the operation of the system through adjustment and Temperature regulation can be kept stable. With intercooling can also the number of turbocompressor stages required for economical operation and whose size can be reduced. In addition, the thermodynamic improves Efficiency of the compression system.
- the main compression preferably the first stage of the multi-stage version Main compression, can be advantageous in the method according to the invention with a speed control be equipped. This enables, especially when operating with more than two modes of operation, during load changes and dynamic Operation setting and control to a constant final pressure.
- the gas to be compressed can also be helium in the process according to the invention.
- This gas can be used, in particular, when using the method in a helium refrigeration system or in a helium liquefaction plant during compression both very low initial temperatures as well as very low initial pressures occur for which, as described above, the method according to the invention is particularly useful well suited.
- the disadvantages, as in the case of methods according to the prior art technology have occurred in the same application.
- the invention is explained in more detail using an embodiment with a figure.
- the Figure shows schematically the execution of the method according to the invention using the example an application in a helium refrigeration system.
- the method is part of a helium refrigeration system, not shown in the figure, and is designed as a turbo compressor system. It consists of a main compression C1 to C4 with intermediate cooling 3 after the turbocompressor stage C2, a post-compression with the turbocompressor stage C5 and a bypass 6 of this stage C5.
- the cryogenic Helium stream 1 arrives with a mass flow of 100 g / s at a pressure of 31 mbar and a temperature of 2 K in the first turbocompressor stage C1, then in the second turbocompressor stage C2 and via line 2 at an intermediate pressure of about 6 mbar in the intercooler 3, with the help of which also a stable intermediate temperature can be adjusted.
- the helium stream 4 becomes the third and fourth turbocompressor stages C3 and C4, compressed to a final pressure of 1 bar, via the bypass 5 at the post-compression with the turbocompressor stage C5 passed and, what is not shown in the figure, as a helium stream 6 to the refrigeration circuit fed to the helium refrigeration system.
- a partial load operation with a mass flow of 80 g / s corresponds to the operating characteristics of the turbo compressor stages C1 and C2 in the helium stream 4 a reduced intermediate pressure of ⁇ 6 mbar.
- a pressure of ⁇ 1 bar is reached in the turbocompressor stages C3 and C4 and in the Turbo compressor stage C5 compresses the helium flow to the final pressure of 1 bar.
- the first turbocompression stage C1 of the main compression is with a speed control equipped.
- the transition to partial load operation and dynamic Operation of the helium refrigeration system the constant final pressure of the helium flow 6 regulated to 1 bar.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
- Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (9)
- Verfahren zum Verdichten eines Gases mit konstantem Druck, konstanter Temperatur und zeitlich veränderlichem Massenstrom auf einen konstanten Enddruck durch dynamische Kompression mit Hilfe einer Turboverdichteranlage, die eine Anlage zur Hauptverdichtung und eine Anlage zur Nachverdichtung enthält, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gas bei maximalem Massenstrom bei der Hauptverdichtung den Enddruck erreicht und unter Umgehung der Nachverdichtung einer Weiterverwendung zugeführt wird und daß das Gas bei einem gegenüber dem maximalen Massenstrom reduzierten Massenstrom von der Hauptverdichtung in die Nachverdichtung geleitet, dort auf den Enddruck verdichtet und dann der Weiterverwendung zugeführt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das zu verdichtende Gas bei kryogenen Temperaturen vorliegt und kalt verdichtet wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Druck des zu verdichtenden Gases im Unterdruckbereich zwischen dem Siededruck des Gases und dem Atmosphärendruck liegt.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Hauptverdichtung mehrstufig ausgeführt ist.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Nachverdichtung eine Turboverdichterstufe enthält.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Turboverdichteranlage zwischen aufeinanderfolgenden Stufen Zwischenkühler oder Zwischenerhitzer enthält.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Hauptverdichtung, bei mehrstufiger Ausführung vorzugsweise die erste Turboverdichterstufe, eine Drehzahlregelung besitzt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das zu verdichtende Gas Helium ist.
- Anwendung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 7 in einer Heliumkälteanlage oder Heliumverflüssigungsanlage.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19639733 | 1996-09-27 | ||
| DE1996139733 DE19639733A1 (de) | 1996-09-27 | 1996-09-27 | Verfahren zum Verdichten eines Gases |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0833059A2 true EP0833059A2 (de) | 1998-04-01 |
| EP0833059A3 EP0833059A3 (de) | 1998-11-11 |
Family
ID=7807071
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97115766A Withdrawn EP0833059A3 (de) | 1996-09-27 | 1997-09-10 | Verfahren zum Verdichten eines Gases |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0833059A3 (de) |
| JP (1) | JPH10111032A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE19639733A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1441128A3 (de) * | 2003-01-24 | 2004-09-01 | Pfeiffer Vacuum GmbH | Vakuumpumpsystem |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014010102A1 (de) * | 2014-07-08 | 2016-01-14 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Druck- und Temperaturreglung eines Fluids in einer Serie von kryogenen Verdichtern |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE370856A (de) * | ||||
| US1465401A (en) * | 1921-03-31 | 1923-08-21 | Losel Franz | Turbocompressor |
| US1519449A (en) * | 1923-05-14 | 1924-12-16 | Escher Wyss Maschf Ag | Compressor installation |
| CH347296A (de) * | 1957-02-01 | 1960-06-30 | Escher Wyss Ag | Einrichtung zur Verbesserung des Teillastbetriebes einer Turboverdichteranlage |
-
1996
- 1996-09-27 DE DE1996139733 patent/DE19639733A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-09-10 EP EP97115766A patent/EP0833059A3/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-09-24 JP JP27498897A patent/JPH10111032A/ja active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1441128A3 (de) * | 2003-01-24 | 2004-09-01 | Pfeiffer Vacuum GmbH | Vakuumpumpsystem |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0833059A3 (de) | 1998-11-11 |
| DE19639733A1 (de) | 1998-04-16 |
| JPH10111032A (ja) | 1998-04-28 |
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