EP0905933A2 - Méthode et système pour mélanger des signaux audio - Google Patents

Méthode et système pour mélanger des signaux audio Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0905933A2
EP0905933A2 EP97119295A EP97119295A EP0905933A2 EP 0905933 A2 EP0905933 A2 EP 0905933A2 EP 97119295 A EP97119295 A EP 97119295A EP 97119295 A EP97119295 A EP 97119295A EP 0905933 A2 EP0905933 A2 EP 0905933A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
channels
signals
filter
channel
signal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97119295A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0905933A3 (fr
Inventor
Ulrich Dr. Horbach
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Studer Professional Audio GmbH
Original Assignee
Studer Professional Audio GmbH
Studer Professional Audio AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Studer Professional Audio GmbH, Studer Professional Audio AG filed Critical Studer Professional Audio GmbH
Publication of EP0905933A2 publication Critical patent/EP0905933A2/fr
Publication of EP0905933A3 publication Critical patent/EP0905933A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S7/00—Indicating arrangements; Control arrangements, e.g. balance control
    • H04S7/30—Control circuits for electronic adaptation of the sound field
    • H04S7/302—Electronic adaptation of stereophonic sound system to listener position or orientation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
    • G10L19/008—Multichannel audio signal coding or decoding using interchannel correlation to reduce redundancy, e.g. joint-stereo, intensity-coding or matrixing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S3/00—Systems employing more than two channels, e.g. quadraphonic
    • H04S3/02—Systems employing more than two channels, e.g. quadraphonic of the matrix type, i.e. in which input signals are combined algebraically, e.g. after having been phase shifted with respect to each other

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for mixing Sound signals.
  • Devices of this type are commonly referred to as mixing consoles and are used for the parallel processing of several audio signals.
  • the stereo technology will be Surround "playback processes are being replaced.
  • surround sound consoles only contain an extension matrix extended to several output channels.
  • Panpots (panorama potentiometers) in such a way that the sound source is positioned acoustically in the room. If the listener experiences the illusion that the sound is created in the room outside the loudspeakers, this is known as Phantom Sound Sources ".
  • the B-format decoder has the task of controlling the loudspeakers in such a way that the sound field is optimally reconstructed at one point in the room, that of the listener.
  • the following disadvantages related to the problem given here are: It turns out that the localization sharpness that can be achieved is too low. Adjacent and opposite speakers emit the same signal except for a small difference in level. To achieve discrete effects ", however, a high channel separation is required. For example, when mixing a film, a noise should come exactly from a certain direction.
  • the invention as set out in the claims thus solves the Task to create a method and an apparatus with which possible the most natural reproduction of the Sound signals through a plurality of speakers are made possible if one is used there is a different number of sound sources.
  • the device for mixing sound signals from input channels E1 to EN on output channels A1 to AM has intermediate channels Z1 to ZK that on the one hand via a totalizer S and a multiplier M with 1 to n Subchannels of each input channel and on the other hand with a decoder D are connected, which has A1 to AM output channels.
  • a decoder D One is in decoder D.
  • Intermediate channel into a number corresponding to the number of output channels Filter channels divided with filters and each filter channel is with a totalizer connected to a filter channel of every other intermediate channel.
  • Fig. 1 shows a known device already mentioned in the introduction Channels K1, K2 to KN for input signals, for example from a microphone and channels A1, A2, A3, A4, A5 etc. for output signals for example for one corresponding number of speakers.
  • the channels K1 to KN are not over here shown multipliers for factors a11 to aN5 and totalizer S with the channels or sum rails A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, etc. connected.
  • this device represents a so-called.
  • Sum matrix circuit in which Input signals weighted directly by the multipliers and the summing rails A1, A2, A3, A4, A5 can be fed. So there is a signal for each speaker available, which is composed of several input signals, whereby the Share of an input signal in the output signal of the summing rail A1, A2 etc. is measured by a multiplication factor a11 to aN5.
  • FIG. 2 shows a further known device which has already been mentioned in the introduction where only one of many possible input channels E1 is shown here. This is divided into further channels e11, e12 etc. into which a delay circuit V1, V2 etc. is used. Outputs of each of these delay circuits V1, V2 each lead to a circuit HRTF1 - 4 for realizing a Head transfer function. Outputs of these HRTF circuits are in turn over Totalizer S on two sum buses B1, B2 for two-channel stereo playback connected. This corresponds to the binaural mixer mentioned at the beginning according to Richter and Persterer.
  • Fig. 3 shows a third known device according to D. McGrath in the, as well mentioned at the beginning, an input signal from a channel E is divided several times and into Delay circuits Ve are delayed, as is known with factors w1 to y2 multiplied or weakened and with summers S on three channels Kw, Kx and Ky arrive and there form the already mentioned signals w, x and y.
  • a decoder BD converts these signals w, x and y into input signals for e.g. five speakers around.
  • Fig. 4 shows schematically the device according to the invention with two Input channels E1, E2, which can be expanded up to EN input channels.
  • Each input channel E1, E2 etc. is again divided into several channels E1a, E1b, E2a, E2b, etc., whereby the division into n channels can also take place here.
  • a delay circuit D1, D2, D3, D4, etc. is used, which can be controlled via control inputs 1, 2, 3, 4.
  • Intermediate channels Z1 to ZK are via summer S with each input channel E1a, E1b, E2a, E2b to ENn connected, with each summer still a multiplier, not shown here is connected upstream (see also Fig. 6). All intermediate channels Z1 to ZK open a decoder D, the outputs of which form output channels A1, A2 to AM.
  • FIG. 5 shows a diagram for the structure of the decoder D according to FIG. 4.
  • This has the same number of inputs as intermediate channels Z1 to ZK.
  • Every intermediate channel is again divided into as many filter channels as there should be outputs. Therefore are these filter channels with the same reference numerals A1, A2, AM as that Output channels in Fig. 4 provided.
  • A1, A2, AM as that Output channels in Fig. 4 provided.
  • each filter channel or output channel A1 to AM has an IIR filter and a FIR filter in the decoder D and is in series switched.
  • a summer S1, S2, SM provided in each filter or output channel A1 to AM is before the output of the Decoder D a summer S1, S2, SM provided.
  • the summers S point as many inputs as there are intermediate channels Z1 to ZK.
  • FIG. 6 shows a summer S, which here is connected to the intermediate channel Z1, for example is connected, with an upstream multiplier M, which has an input for Factors a11, a12, etc., as known from FIG. 4, and that to one Input channel, here E1a, is connected.
  • FIG. 7 shows the most important standardized surround format at the moment. It consists of a receiver 15 arranged directly in front of a circle 15 Center speaker "20 (installation angle 0 °), two stereo speakers 21, 22 at the same distance from the listener at an angle of +/- 30 °, as well as two rear surround speakers 23, 24 at an angle of +/- (110..130)
  • the front loudspeakers 20, 21, 22 serve to transmit the sound events so that a stage is created, while the rear systems 23, 24 predominantly emit diffuse room echoes.
  • Fig. 8 shows a head of a receiver 25, shown here as a circle and one out a beam 26 incident at an angle ⁇ .
  • Fig. 10 shows a frequency response for the transit time for a signal from three fixed Spatial directions with 15 °, 22.5 ° and 30 ° angle of incidence, along the abscissa Values for frequencies from 10 - 100000 Hertz and along the ordinate values for Time delays are plotted.
  • 11 shows resulting amplitude frequency responses of the indirect component for a Signal from three spatial directions, with values for frequencies along the abscissa and values for the damping of the amplitudes in dB are plotted along the ordinate are. This for signals from the spatial directions 15 °, 22.5 ° and 30 °.
  • the mode of operation of the invention is as follows:
  • a decoder D converts the resulting sum signal Z1 to ZK into the desired speaker format.
  • the front resolution is 15 °.
  • the weighting factors a11 .... b2K are determined as follows: According to the assignment to a certain spatial direction, a maximum of two of the K factors differ from zero. If the signal should come from an angle ⁇ (Fig.
  • the filters are designed as head-related filters, the shading of the head being simulated relative to a reference direction (eg 0 ° or 30 °). This takes into account the rule explained at the outset that the loudspeakers should emit correlated signals corresponding to nature. Normalized head transfer functions are therefore implemented in relation to this direction. The typical frequency responses shown in FIG. 9 are obtained.
  • the side facing the head is shown ( direct ") and the opposite side ( indirectly "). With increasing shading, the attenuation of high frequencies increases.
  • the filters are based on a simple head model (sphere). The advantage of this choice is that the perceived tone color remains largely neutral regardless of the individual listener and the exact listening position.
  • a recursive filter models the interaural Runtime differences up to a certain upper limit frequency (see Fig. 10).
  • a linear-phase FIR filter models the Differences in intensity, such as. B. shown in Fig. 9.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Stereophonic System (AREA)
  • Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)
EP97119295A 1997-09-24 1997-11-05 Méthode et système pour mélanger des signaux audio Withdrawn EP0905933A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2248/97 1997-09-24
CH224897 1997-09-24
CH224897 1997-09-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0905933A2 true EP0905933A2 (fr) 1999-03-31
EP0905933A3 EP0905933A3 (fr) 2004-03-24

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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EP97119295A Withdrawn EP0905933A3 (fr) 1997-09-24 1997-11-05 Méthode et système pour mélanger des signaux audio

Country Status (2)

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US (1) US6363155B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP0905933A3 (fr)

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EP2600343A1 (fr) * 2011-12-02 2013-06-05 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Appareil et procédé pour flux de codage audio spatial basé sur la géométrie de fusion
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WO2016172593A1 (fr) 2015-04-24 2016-10-27 Sonos, Inc. Interfaces utilisateur d'étalonnage de dispositif de lecture
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DE102010005067B4 (de) 2010-01-15 2022-10-20 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung zur Geräuschübertragung

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EP0905933A3 (fr) 2004-03-24
US6363155B1 (en) 2002-03-26

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