Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C10L1/185—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Aldehydes; Ketones
  • C10L1/1852—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Orthoesters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
  • C10L1/026—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only for compression ignition
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C10L1/185—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Aldehydes; Ketones
  • C10L1/1852—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Orthoesters
  • C10L1/1855—Cyclic ethers, e.g. epoxides, lactides, lactones
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
  • C10L1/198—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid
  • C10L1/1985—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid polyethers, e.g. di- polygylcols and derivatives; ethers - esters

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a new fuel composition
• a new fuel composition comprising oxygenated compounds improving fuel combustion, especially compounds that can improve the cetane number of bases fuels such as middle distillates used in the composition of diesel for diesel engines.
• a fuel base generally consists of a physical mixture of several middle or cut distillates petroleum products from the refining of crude oils from from all walks of the world. These oil cuts are from a large number of separations by distillation atmospheric or vacuum and chemical transformations of some of these cuts distilled by hydrodesulfurization and or catalytic cracking. By an appropriate mixture of these different refined cuts, we get a wide variety fuel bases with physico-chemical properties relatively different. Finally, diesel fuels or diesel fuels usable in combustion engines are prepared by a complex mixture of these bases. However, to obtain fuels meeting the specifications legal requirements, refiners must develop increasingly complicated formulations which favor crude oils highly concentrated in distillates and fuel bases with a high cetane number.
• additives i.e. the compounds introduced at low levels in refined cuts
• nitrates or peroxides organic which are known to have limited effectiveness in fuel bases or diesel fuel with naturally a low cetane number.
• organic peroxides are irreversibly broken down into function of time which leads to a degradation of characteristics of diesel stored both in quality and in cetane number.
• Refiners have long sought others sources of compounds that can improve the index of cetane from fuel bases and gas oils, in particular among oxygenated compounds such as ethers, polyethers or acetals. Addition of compounds oxygenated in diesel, reduces emissions of pollutants, in particular particle emissions (EP 14 992).
• US patent 5308365 claims the addition of 1 to 30% by weight of dialkylated and trialkylated derivatives of glycerin, obtained by adding an olefin such as isobutene on glycerol, in a diesel having a range of use between 160 ° C and 370 ° C and a sulfur content less than or equal to 500 ppm.
• Patent JP 0725 8661 claims a formulation comprising 20 to 94% of a diesel cut having a distillation range between 130 ° C and 400 ° C, 5 to 40% of a hydrocracked diesel cut commonly called LCO and 1 to 40 % of a monoether of formula R 1 OR 2 in which R 1 and R 2 are alkyl chains of 3 to 12 carbon atoms.
• Patent JP 0701 8271 claims gas oils containing glycol ethers of formula R 1 - (OA) n -R 2 in which R 1 is an alkyl chain of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R 2 represents the hydrogen atom or an alkyl chain comprising from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, A is of ethylene or trimethylene structure optionally substituted and n is an integer varying from 1 to 10.
• Patent JP 0634 0886 claims the addition to a diesel of 0.05% to 20% by weight of a compound of general formula R 1 -O- (EO) n - (PO) m -R 2 in which R 1 and R 2 represent separately the hydrogen atom or an alkyl chain comprising from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, EO and PO respectively representing the oxyethylene and oxyisopropylene groups, and, m and n are whole numbers between 0 and 15.
• patent FR 2,544,738 claims, as a component of diesel fuels, acetals of formula C 4 H 9 -O-CR 1 R 2 -OC 4 H 9 , R 1 and R 2 which may be hydrogen or one, alkyl group.
• the present invention relates to the use of a new family of oxygenated compounds in fuels Diesel, which increase the cetane number, provide greater flexibility in the formulation of Diesel fuels for a lower cost and allow in besides limiting aromatic and sulfur compounds responsible for the emission of particles.
• this fuel composition contains 60 to 99.95% by weight at least one fuel base and from 0.05 to 40% by weight of trialkoxyalkane of formula (I).
• fuel base any petroleum cut after refining, either by distillation or by treatment of these distilled cups.
• R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R ' 4 are the hydrogen atom.
• R 1 , R ' 1 and R'' 1 are identical and are chosen from alkyl groups comprising from 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
• trialkoxyalkane compounds thus obtained from the invention are chosen from the group consisting of trimethoxypropane, triethoxypropane, tripropoxypropane, tributoxypropane.
• R 1 , R ' 1 and R'' 1 comprise from 1 to 4 carbons and at least one oxygen atom.
• R 1 is an alkyl group comprising from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and R ' 1 and R'' 1 are linked and constitute a chain of 2 to 3 carbons so as to form with the two oxygen atoms a heterocycle of 5 to 6 atoms.
• R ' 1 and R'' 1 are linked and constitute a chain of 2 to 3 carbons so as to form with the two oxygen atoms a heterocycle of 5 to 6 atoms.
• 2- (2-hydroxyethyl) ethoxy-1,3-dioxolane is preferred.
• R 4 is an alkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms
• R 2 , R 3 and R ' 4 are hydrogen atoms
• R 1 , R ' 1 and R''1 are alkyl groups comprising from 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
• R 2 or R 3 is an alkyl group comprising 1 to 4 carbon atoms
• R 4 , R ' 4 and, R 2 or R 3 are atoms of hydrogen
• R 1 , R ' 1 and R'' 1 are alkyl groups comprising from 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
• the 1,1,3-triethoxy-2-methylpropane and 1,3,3-triethoxybutane are preferred.
• R 3 and R 4 are hydrogen atoms
• R 2 and R ' 4 are linked to form a saturated ring comprising from 5 to 6 atoms carbon
• R 1 , R ' 1 and R'' 1 are alkyl groups comprising from 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
• 1,1,3-triethoxycyclohexane is preferred.
• the basics fuels are chosen from refined cuts distilling between 170 and 370 ° C containing at most 50% by weight aromatics, and less than 0.2% by weight of compounds sulfur.
• the cetane number of 1,1,3-triethoxypropane prepared according to example 1 was measured according to standard ASTM D613, in a 20% mixture in two gas oils whose characteristics are indicated below:
• a compound having a cetane number higher than 70, and a boiling point of at least 160 ° C and a very low solubility in water can be considered as an ideal component usable in a diesel.
• Ethylene ether glycol 135 miscible 38 Ethyl, ethylene glycol butyl ether 140 # 4 51 Diethylene glycol ethyl ether 202 miscible 54

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Emergency Medicine (AREA)
• Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
• Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=9507765

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (10)

Families Citing this family (16)

Family Cites Families (16)

• 1997
  • 1997-06-09 FR FR9707119A patent/FR2764301B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1998
  • 1998-06-08 WO PCT/FR1998/001168 patent/WO1998056879A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 1998-06-08 ES ES98929517T patent/ES2189188T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1998-06-08 AT AT98929517T patent/ATE231179T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1998-06-08 US US09/147,658 patent/US6113661A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1998-06-08 DK DK98929517T patent/DK0923628T3/da active
  • 1998-06-08 JP JP11501763A patent/JP2000516991A/ja not_active Ceased
  • 1998-06-08 DE DE69810746T patent/DE69810746T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1998-06-08 EP EP98929517A patent/EP0923628B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1999
  • 1999-02-08 NO NO990578A patent/NO990578L/no not_active Application Discontinuation

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events