EP0967438B1 - Dispositif pour l'alimentation de brûleurs à combustibles provenant de déchets (RDF) - Google Patents

Dispositif pour l'alimentation de brûleurs à combustibles provenant de déchets (RDF) Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0967438B1
EP0967438B1 EP99110218A EP99110218A EP0967438B1 EP 0967438 B1 EP0967438 B1 EP 0967438B1 EP 99110218 A EP99110218 A EP 99110218A EP 99110218 A EP99110218 A EP 99110218A EP 0967438 B1 EP0967438 B1 EP 0967438B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
fuel
screw
burner
feeding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99110218A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0967438A2 (fr
EP0967438A3 (fr
Inventor
Giuseppe Natta
Italo Romanoni
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sistema Ecodeco SpA
Original Assignee
ECODECO SpA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ECODECO SpA filed Critical ECODECO SpA
Publication of EP0967438A2 publication Critical patent/EP0967438A2/fr
Publication of EP0967438A3 publication Critical patent/EP0967438A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0967438B1 publication Critical patent/EP0967438B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G5/444—Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/80—Shredding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2205/00—Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G2205/12—Waste feed arrangements using conveyors
    • F23G2205/121—Screw conveyor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2205/00—Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G2205/20—Waste feed arrangements using airblast or pneumatic feeding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/50209—Compacting waste before burning
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/50212—Extruding waste before combustion

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to a device for feeding a burner with an unconventional and compressible solid fuel having low bulk density.
  • the present invention refers to a device and its use for feeding a burner with an unconventional solid fuel having low initial apparent density and that can be compressed to a high density.
  • EP-A-0706839 It is well-known, from EP-A-0706839, that it is possible to produce a high-grade fuel, generally known as RDF, from the processing of urban solid waste.
  • RDF high-grade fuel
  • the urban solid waste undergoes an automatic treatment consisting of a rough grinding, a drying process, a deodorization step in aerated heaps, a sieving and demetallization phase, to separate the inert material, and finally a fine grinding final step.
  • the so-obtained material has an inferior calorific value of about 14650 kJ/kg (3500 Kcal/Kg) and an amount of inert material lower than 20% by weight. It is, therefore, a material that can be used as recoverable source of energy and/or as an energy integration to the conventional fuels for furnaces, boilers and cement kilns.
  • the published Italian Patent Application No. MI96A2715 discloses a method for sorting RDF, or another unconventional fuel, derived from a urban solid waste processing plant which consists of several steps for separating the inorganic inert materials from the combustible ones. The resulting product is finely ground and is ready for the combustion application.
  • the method disclosed in IT-A-MI96A2715 comprises several operative steps:
  • the main drawback of this method for the RDF sorting is that the scrapped material is discharged in the feeding pipe-line and fed to the burner through rotary cells which, because of their poor airtight, can cause reflows of air and material and, therefore, inefficiencies in the pneumatic transport lines and in the whole feeding system.
  • the low bulk density of the scrapped material is not an optimal condition for a correct running both of the feeding system and of the burner.
  • US-4,996,930 discloses a feed system for inceneration of contaminated material in an incinerator which operates at a reduced pressure with respect to the ambient pressure.
  • the system is adapted to feed material at an high density.
  • the present inventors have now invented a device for feeding a burner with a solid unconventional fuel, such as RDF, which is able to overcome the drawbacks linked with the use of the rotary cells and with the solid fuel low density.
  • This device placed between the transporting container or the collecting device and the burner, enables to thicken again the material that has to be burnt, in order to be pneumatic any tight, and to feed the thickened material, through the compressed air, to the burner.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a device for feeding a burner with a low bulk density, unconventional and compressible solid fuel, which includes:
  • the entrance chamber (i) of the device of the present invention corresponds essentially to the initial part of the advancing chamber.
  • the hopper is set in correspondence to this chamber and fed with the unconventional fuel by, for example, the conveyer belt.
  • the advancing chamber (ii) for the forward moving of the material can contain more than one screw, for example two or three screws, with mutually different phases in order to obtain a better pressing effect. It is preferred, though, to use only one screw, because otherwise, in addition to the better forward thrust effect, the material could also be subjected to a further fragmentation.
  • the material is pressed in the chamber (iii) where it reaches a density between 600 and 700 Kg/m 3 , obtaining pneumatic tight.
  • the pressing or compacting chamber is essentially cylindrical and has on the internal wall a plurality of contrasting elements, disposed lengthwise, which contrast the rotative moving of the material and enable its pressing.
  • the contrasting elements may be either baffles emerging from the internal surface or lengthwise grooves.
  • the pressing or compacting chamber can be designed in a frusto-conical shape in order to enhance the pressing effect and improve the start up of the machine.
  • the pressed material is consequently cut by the blades which rotate at the same speed of the rotating screw, being connected to the screw itself.
  • the cut material is sucked up by a current of air again scattered for the turbolence of the current itself and fed to the furnace in a uniform way.
  • FIG. 1 is a partially sectioned side view of the device according to the invention; and FIG. 2 is a front section view according to the line AA of FIG. 1.
  • the device comprises an entrance chamber 1, as initial part of the advancing chamber 2, a pressing chamber 3 and a cutting element. 4.
  • the entrance chamber has an hopper 5 and a screw 6, moved by an outer engine, possibly at a varying speed, not shown in the figures.
  • the screw extends in the advancing chamber for forward motion.
  • the cutting element consists of a flange 8 and of blades 9.
  • the operation of the present device is clearly understood from the figures and from the above description.
  • the low density, unconventional and compressible solid fuel is charged through the hopper 5 and piles in the chamber 1 where it is taken by the screw 6 and moved forward along the advancing chamber 2.
  • the material is pressed in the chamber 3 by the screw with the aid of the contrasting elements 10, which contrast the rotative moving imposed by the screw 6, enable the forward movement and allow the formation of an high density seal.
  • the pressed material is a sort of plug causing a pneumatic seal between the chamber 1 and the current of air, under pression, which pneumatically transfers the fuel from the device to the burner of the furnace.
  • the cut material falls into an air-compressed pipe line, not shown in the figures, which pneumatically transports the solid to the burner of the furnace. Therefore, the furnace is fed with a high concentrated fuel, scattered in air, as being the result of the scrapping of the material pressed in the chamber 3.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)
  • Screw Conveyors (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Dispositif pour alimenter un brûleur à l'aide d'un combustible solide inhabituel et compressible, à faible densité volumique, tel que du Combustible Dérivé de Déchet (RDF) ou des résidus polymériques récupérés à partir de voitures mises au rebut, comportant :
    i. une chambre d'entrée ayant une trémie d'alimentation,
    ii. une chambre de progression destinée à déplacer le combustible vers l'avant, constituée d'un tuyau cylindrique ayant à l'intérieur au moins une vis rotative, mise en mouvement par un moteur rotatif extérieur,
    iii. une chambre de compression dans laquelle le combustible solide est comprimé par la vis (ii) jusqu'à une densité d'environ 600 à 700 Kg/m3, et
    iv. un dispositif de découpe situé à la sortie de la chambre (iii), relié à la vis rotative et supportant au moins deux lames auto-aiguisantes.
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ladite chambre de progression contient des vis mutuellement déphasées.
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel le combustible solide est comprimé dans ladite chambre où il atteint une densité comprise entre 600 à 700 Kg/m3, créant un joint pneumatique.
  4. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ladite chambre de compression est essentiellement cylindrique ou tronconique et comporte sur la paroi intérieure une pluralité d'éléments d'opposition disposés longitudinalement.
  5. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le dispositif comporte des lames fixées symétriquement par rapport à l'axe rotatif de la vis.
  6. Brûleur alimenté en combustible solide inhabituel ayant une faible densité et une grande compressibilité, tel que du Combustible Dérivé de Déchet (RDF) ou des résidus polymériques récupérés à partir de voitures mises au rebut, par un dispositif comportant :
    i. une chambre d'entrée ayant une trémie d'alimentation,
    ii. une chambre de progression destinée à déplacer le combustible vers l'avant, constituée d'un tuyau cylindrique ayant à l'intérieur au moins une vis rotative, mise en mouvement par un moteur rotatif extérieur,
    iii. une chambre de compression dans laquelle le combustible solide est comprimé par la vis (ii) jusqu'à une densité d'environ 600 à 700 Kg/m3, et
    iv. un dispositif de découpe situé à la sortie de la chambre (iii), relié à la vis rotative et supportant au moins deux lames auto-aiguisantes.
  7. Utilisation du dispositif revendiqué selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, pour alimenter un brûleur à l'aide d'un combustible solide inhabituel ayant une faible densité volumique et une grande compressibilité, tel que du Combustible Dérivé de Déchet (RDF) ou des résidus polymériques récupérés à partir de voitures mises au rebut.
EP99110218A 1998-06-22 1999-05-26 Dispositif pour l'alimentation de brûleurs à combustibles provenant de déchets (RDF) Expired - Lifetime EP0967438B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMI981421 1998-06-22
IT1998MI001421A IT1301772B1 (it) 1998-06-22 1998-06-22 Dispositivo per alimentare ad un bruciatore un combustibile solido nontradizionale a bassa densita'.

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0967438A2 EP0967438A2 (fr) 1999-12-29
EP0967438A3 EP0967438A3 (fr) 2000-03-08
EP0967438B1 true EP0967438B1 (fr) 2004-04-14

Family

ID=11380294

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99110218A Expired - Lifetime EP0967438B1 (fr) 1998-06-22 1999-05-26 Dispositif pour l'alimentation de brûleurs à combustibles provenant de déchets (RDF)

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0967438B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE264482T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69916370D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2217646T3 (fr)
IT (1) IT1301772B1 (fr)
PT (1) PT967438E (fr)

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3357377A (en) * 1965-09-03 1967-12-12 Pulp Paper Res Inst Combustion of organic waste material
DE6600441U (de) * 1968-09-26 1969-01-23 Coutinho Caro & Co Einrichtung zur verbrennung von kakaobohnenschalen.
DE2432487A1 (de) * 1973-08-24 1975-03-06 Walter Rueegsegger Foerderanlage mit foerderschnecke
DE2405825A1 (de) * 1974-02-07 1975-08-21 Andreas Haessler Verfahren und vorrichtung zur verbrennung von land- und forstwirtschaftlichen abfallbrennstoffen in tunneloefen mit deckenbefeuerung
JPS5888531A (ja) * 1981-11-19 1983-05-26 Kobe Steel Ltd 焼却炉への汚泥供給装置
DE3333741A1 (de) * 1983-09-17 1985-04-04 Koch Transporttechnik GmbH, 6633 Wadgassen Vorrichtung zum beschicken eines verbrennungsrostes einer abfallverbrennungsanlage
US4803836A (en) * 1986-09-03 1989-02-14 General Electric Company Method and apparatus for feeding an extrudable fuel to a pressurized combustion chamber
US4996930A (en) * 1989-11-21 1991-03-05 Ogden Environmental Services, Inc. Feed system for incineration of contaminated material
IT1270115B (it) 1994-10-04 1997-04-28 Fertilvita Srl Procedimento per il recupero energetico dai rifiuti solidi urbani

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT1301772B1 (it) 2000-07-07
DE69916370D1 (de) 2004-05-19
PT967438E (pt) 2004-08-31
EP0967438A2 (fr) 1999-12-29
EP0967438A3 (fr) 2000-03-08
ES2217646T3 (es) 2004-11-01
ATE264482T1 (de) 2004-04-15
ITMI981421A1 (it) 1999-12-22

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