EP1054737B1 - Procede et dispositif pour separer des particules a conductions electriques differentes - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour separer des particules a conductions electriques differentes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1054737B1
EP1054737B1 EP99906222A EP99906222A EP1054737B1 EP 1054737 B1 EP1054737 B1 EP 1054737B1 EP 99906222 A EP99906222 A EP 99906222A EP 99906222 A EP99906222 A EP 99906222A EP 1054737 B1 EP1054737 B1 EP 1054737B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
particles
eddy
separated
magnet system
cooled
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP99906222A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1054737A1 (fr
Inventor
Hubertus Exner
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Priority to SI9930150T priority Critical patent/SI1054737T1/xx
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/23—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp
    • B03C1/24—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp with material carried by travelling fields
    • B03C1/247—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp with material carried by travelling fields obtained by a rotating magnetic drum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/23—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/20—Magnetic separation of bulk or dry particles in mixtures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for separating different electrical conductive non-ferrous particles, in particular from waste materials, as well as a Device for performing the method.
  • separating is of ferromagnetic substances, in particular iron, without any problems possible using simple magnetic methods.
  • the further separation of Non-ferrous metals among themselves and from plastic can be removed of ferromagnetic materials due to the different electrical Conductivity by means of eddy current separation.
  • the eddy current separator In the eddy current separator is in an inducing magnetic field in the guided by the magnetic field particles to be separated induce a current depending on their conductivity and thus generates a force that forces the particles out of the magnetic field.
  • EP 0 305 881 A1 describes one method and one Device for sorting non-ferrous metal particles by means of a Wirbeistromabscheidung.
  • a conveyor belt runs around a rotating one Magnet system and the different particles are in different Throwing parabolas are thrown out and can be sorted to a certain extent.
  • EP 0 339 195 B1 describes a magnetic separator as an improved version with a via a belt drum made of non-electrically conductive material guided conveyor belt for the transport of a fraction to be sorted from more or less good electrically conductive particles with one in the belt drum higher rotational speed than that of the belt drum rotatably driven Magnet system and one in the material discharge zone of the belt drum arranged collection container for the separated electrically conductive Particles. It specifies in particular how damaged the belt drum by particles passing between the conveyor belt and the belt drum, especially iron particles can be avoided. This is done by a certain geometry in the construction.
  • a disadvantage of the known eddy current separators is that separation of different non-ferrous metals with each other only with difficulty and is possible with errors. This is mainly because of the ability to separate determining physical properties only slight differences exhibit.
  • the task is therefore to improve the separation of non-ferrous metals from one another to achieve in the eddy current separation.
  • a device for The implementation of this method is characterized in that a Cooling chamber is provided through which the particles are guided, and that a Eddy current separator (magnet system) is provided, which is still cooled Particles are fed in a transport stream
  • the ⁇ / ⁇ ratio in the temperature range differs from 100 - 300 K for aluminum, magnesium, copper and zinc, as in the one in FIG. 1 shown graphic indicated.
  • the values are taken from: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, publisher: David R. Lide, born 1992 - 93, 73rd edition, publisher CRC Press, Boca Raton etc.
  • the graphic shows that with decreasing temperatures both ⁇ / ⁇ for each element increases in absolute terms and ⁇ ( ⁇ / ⁇ ) for every two elements. With that is a higher yield and with a sharper separation, especially under 150 K, to be expected when separating waste.
  • Cooling is therefore preferred to 100 - 150 K of the particles. It is also sufficient if at least the surfaces of the particles are cooled to the desired temperature are, since the eddy currents generated by the inducing magnetic fields in flow essentially on the surface of the particles.
  • liquid nitrogen is used to cool the particles, one will achieved simple and effective cooling of the particles. Since the boiling point of Nitrogen is approximately 80 K, the preferred temperature range can at least can be achieved on the surfaces of the particles. Another influence of the Operation through the nitrogen is excluded.
  • the different materials also have different thermal conductivity coefficients; they react differently quickly and differently intensely on the cooling. Because this cooling process is finite Time takes place and the separation is made in terms of time closely to the cooling the temperature of the particles to be sorted is different, despite being identical acting cooling system.
  • the cooling chamber is as closed channel with a feed opening and a discharge opening for the particles to be separated. That brought in the closed channel Coolants, such as liquid nitrogen, can be metered sparingly become.
  • the supply of the particles to be separated through the channel is ensured that the channel is designed as a slide or vibrating conveyor.
  • the channel has a substantially rectangular cross section, a Avoid agglomeration of the particles to be separated.
  • the Channel the width of the downstream conveyor belt for eddy current separation.
  • To generate the guided along the rotatable magnet system Transport stream has in particular a conveyor belt made of electrically non-conductive Proven material.
  • the axis of rotation of the rotatable magnet system should be parallel to the transport stream of the particles to be separated.
  • the rotatable magnet system is preferred between the upper run and lower run arranged of the conveyor belt.
  • a structure of a device according to the invention is schematically represented spatially in FIG .
  • the particle stream to be separated is fed from the left and passed through a cooling chamber 2.
  • the cooling chamber 2 essentially has a rectangular cross section, as can be seen in the front view in FIG. 3 .
  • the cooling chamber 2 is elongated and has a feed opening (not shown) and an outlet opening 21, which is arranged directly above a conveyor belt 11.
  • the conveyor belt 11 is guided over deflection rollers 12, 13. Between the upper run and the lower run of the conveyor belt 11 is a rotatable magnet system 14 arranged. The axis of rotation of the rotatable magnet system 14 is parallel aligned with the transport direction of the conveyor belt 11.
  • This part forms a conventional eddy current separator 1, which is a separation differently conductive particles X, Y allowed.
  • the electrically conductive Particles X experience on the conveyor belt 11 above the rotating magnet system 14 a deflection and get into a next to the conveyor belt 11 Collection container 15.
  • the non-electrically conductive particles Y for example made of plastic, get over the deflection roller 13 of the conveyor belt 11 in one Collection container 16.
  • the spatial arrangement of the collecting container 15, 16 is supplementary from one 3 shows a front view of the device according to the invention.
  • the cooling chamber 2 consists of a closed channel, which consists of a U-shaped Lower part 22 and a cover 23 is formed.
  • cooling particles X, Y fed therein are supplied with liquid nitrogen.
  • the nitrogen flows through the channel 22, 23 and thus cools the surfaces in particular the particle.
  • the nitrogen is wrapped around a cell, the one Contains part of the conveyor belt and the magnetic field.
  • the air in the cell is brought to the desired operating temperature, preferably below 150 K, cooled and kept stable by an appropriate flow of nitrogen.
  • the cooling of the material to be separated comes from heat conduction and convection conditions. Because the eddy current density is greatest on the material surface it is not necessary to bring about a complete temperature equalization. A very rough estimate shows that aluminum and copper with a thickness of 1 mm the cooling takes place in the time ⁇ 1 s, so that with the known conveyor belt speeds at room temperature Eddy current separators can be worked.
  • the channel 22, 23 is used as a slide or vibratory conveyor for the transport of the particles educated.
  • the particles X, Y which pass through and are cooled in this way fall down to the discharge opening 21 on the conveyor belt 11 and are with the Conveyor belt 11 made of non-conductive material via the rotating one Magnet system 14 transported.
  • There the electrically conductive particles X experience depending on their conductivity and density, a material-dependent lateral Deflection.
  • non-conductive substances for example Plastic
  • electrically conductive non-ferrous metals as well as the separation of the non-ferrous metals possible with each other.
  • Fig. 1 Particles made of aluminum experience a greater deflection than from Magnesium existing particles and this a greater distraction than from Copper particles and this is a greater deflection than zinc particles Particle.

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  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
  • Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Procédé de séparation de particules non ferreuses électroconductrices de façon différente, en particulier de déchets, dans lequel les particules (X, Y) amenées à séparer sont refroidies et ensuite soumises à l'état refroidi à une séparation par courant de Foucault.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le refroidissement a lieu immédiatement avant la séparation par courant de Foucault.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins les surfaces des particules sont refroidies jusqu'à environ 100 à 150 K.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que de l'azote liquide est utilisé pour le refroidissement des particules.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la température actuelle des particules (X, Y) à séparer est réglée différemment en exploitant les différentes constantes matérielles pour la conductibilité thermique.
  6. Dispositif pour réaliser le procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'une chambre de refroidissement (2) est prévue, à travers laquelle on guide les particules (X, Y), et en ce qu'un séparateur par courant de Foucault avec un système magnétique rotatif (14) est prévu, auquel les particules (X, Y) toujours refroidies sont amenées dans un flux de transport.
  7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la chambre de refroidissement (2) est réalisée comme un canal fermé (22, 23) avec un orifice d'admission et un orifice de sortie (21) pour les particules (X, Y) à séparer.
  8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le canal (22, 23) est réalisé comme une glissière ou un convoyeur à secousses.
  9. Dispositif selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que le canal (22, 23) présente une section transversale essentiellement rectangulaire.
  10. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, 7, 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que pour le transport des particules (X, Y), au moins au niveau du séparateur par courant de Foucault, d'un système magnétique rotatif (14), un tapis roulant (11) est prévu.
  11. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, 7, 8, 9 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que l'axe de rotation du système magnétique rotatif (14) est agencé en parallèle au flux de transport des particules (X, Y) à séparer.
EP99906222A 1998-02-09 1999-02-09 Procede et dispositif pour separer des particules a conductions electriques differentes Expired - Lifetime EP1054737B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI9930150T SI1054737T1 (en) 1998-02-09 1999-02-09 Method and device for separating different electrically conductive particles

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19804878A DE19804878A1 (de) 1998-02-09 1998-02-09 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Trennung von unterschiedlich elektrisch leitfähigen Partikeln
DE19804878 1998-02-09
PCT/EP1999/000845 WO1999039831A1 (fr) 1998-02-09 1999-02-09 Procede et dispositif pour separer des particules a conductions electriques differentes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1054737A1 EP1054737A1 (fr) 2000-11-29
EP1054737B1 true EP1054737B1 (fr) 2002-11-13

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EP99906222A Expired - Lifetime EP1054737B1 (fr) 1998-02-09 1999-02-09 Procede et dispositif pour separer des particules a conductions electriques differentes

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US6318558B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1054737B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE227606T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2622999A (fr)
DE (2) DE19804878A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK1054737T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2182488T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT1054737E (fr)
WO (1) WO1999039831A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011067402A1 (fr) 2009-12-04 2011-06-09 Hubertus Exner Dispositif et procédé de séparation de particules ayant des conductibilités électriques différentes
DE202016103266U1 (de) 2016-06-21 2016-08-02 Sebastian Anton Schley Vorrichtung zur Trennung von Partikeln unterschiedlicher elektrischer Leitfähigkeit in einem inhomogenen Sortiergut

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DE19809729A1 (de) * 1998-03-06 1999-09-09 Rottefella As Langlauf- oder Tourenskibindung
ES2238889B1 (es) * 2002-12-17 2006-11-16 Claudino Jose Cardoso Saturnino Sistema de separacion de metales no ferricos.
US7341155B2 (en) * 2004-10-07 2008-03-11 Rineco Chemical Industries, Inc. Systems and methods for processing waste materials
US20060081504A1 (en) * 2004-10-07 2006-04-20 Rineco Chemical Industries, Inc. Systems and methods for processing waste materials
WO2008125699A1 (fr) * 2007-04-11 2008-10-23 Felemamg, S.L. Séparateur magnétique linéaire à courants de foucault
DE102009044631A1 (de) * 2009-11-23 2011-05-26 Jäger, Reinhold Einrichtung zum Transportieren
DE102010036267A1 (de) * 2010-09-03 2012-03-08 Alexander Koslow Trennverfahren und -vorrichtung für NE-Metalle
US8857746B2 (en) 2010-11-09 2014-10-14 Eriez Manufacturing Co. Process for improving the quality of separated materials in the scrap metal industry
US10434519B2 (en) * 2011-03-24 2019-10-08 Aamon Ross Systems and methods for separating refuse
WO2015052368A1 (fr) * 2013-10-10 2015-04-16 Magsort Oy Procédé et dispositif pour séparer des particules faiblement magnétiques
TWI546158B (zh) * 2013-12-20 2016-08-21 中國砂輪企業股份有限公司 低磁性化學機械研磨修整器
US10427167B2 (en) 2015-04-14 2019-10-01 Magsort Oy Device and method for separating weakly magnetic particles
US10675638B2 (en) * 2016-09-21 2020-06-09 Magnetic Systems International Non contact magnetic separator system
CN111589578B (zh) * 2020-05-14 2025-07-22 河南中孚炭素有限公司 一种铁质分选器及其安装分选方法
KR102654702B1 (ko) * 2023-06-13 2024-04-09 주식회사 세정크린 재활용품 자동 분류장치

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011067402A1 (fr) 2009-12-04 2011-06-09 Hubertus Exner Dispositif et procédé de séparation de particules ayant des conductibilités électriques différentes
DE102009056717A1 (de) 2009-12-04 2011-06-09 Hubertus Exner Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Trennung von unterschiedlich elektrisch leitfähigen Partikeln
DE202016103266U1 (de) 2016-06-21 2016-08-02 Sebastian Anton Schley Vorrichtung zur Trennung von Partikeln unterschiedlicher elektrischer Leitfähigkeit in einem inhomogenen Sortiergut
EP3260203A1 (fr) 2016-06-21 2017-12-27 Sebastian Anton Schley Dispositif de séparation de particules présentant différentes conductibilités électriques dans un produit de tri hétérogène

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2622999A (en) 1999-08-23
ATE227606T1 (de) 2002-11-15
DK1054737T3 (da) 2003-03-10
WO1999039831A1 (fr) 1999-08-12
US6318558B1 (en) 2001-11-20
DE59903394D1 (de) 2002-12-19
ES2182488T3 (es) 2003-03-01
EP1054737A1 (fr) 2000-11-29
PT1054737E (pt) 2003-03-31
DE19804878A1 (de) 1999-08-12

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