EP0898496B1 - Procede et dispositif de separation de particules avec un systeme magnetique rotatif - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de separation de particules avec un systeme magnetique rotatif Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0898496B1
EP0898496B1 EP97929147A EP97929147A EP0898496B1 EP 0898496 B1 EP0898496 B1 EP 0898496B1 EP 97929147 A EP97929147 A EP 97929147A EP 97929147 A EP97929147 A EP 97929147A EP 0898496 B1 EP0898496 B1 EP 0898496B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conveyor
particles
magnetic system
conveyor belt
sorted
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP97929147A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0898496A1 (fr
Inventor
Hubertus Exner
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority claimed from DE19634802A external-priority patent/DE19634802A1/de
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Priority to SI9730246T priority Critical patent/SI0898496T1/xx
Publication of EP0898496A1 publication Critical patent/EP0898496A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/23—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp
    • B03C1/24—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp with material carried by travelling fields
    • B03C1/247—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp with material carried by travelling fields obtained by a rotating magnetic drum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/20—Magnetic separation of bulk or dry particles in mixtures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a method for particle separation of sorted goods in fractions of more or less good electrical conductors Particles, with a conveyor onto which the particles are fed, and a rotating magnet system arranged on the conveyor and a collecting container for the particle fraction sought.
  • Such a device is based on a conveyor belt from above a sortable amount of more or less good abandoned electrically conductive particles.
  • the conveyor belt runs over a belt drum and guides the given particles to be sorted at a speed of 1 m / sec. up to 1.5 m / sec. the belt drum.
  • a magnet system rotates at a speed of about 1500 revolutions / min ..
  • This Difference in speed causes the magnetic lines of force through cut the electrically conductive particles fed on the conveyor belt. This induces currents whose size depends on the electrical conductivity the particle is dependent.
  • ferromagnetic materials from the material to be sorted well-known methods have already been selected, before such devices are used.
  • the devices serve namely primarily for the separation of so-called non-ferrous metals on the one hand (Copper, aluminum, lead, zinc, tin, brass etc.) of residues (paper, Plastic, glass, etc.) on the other hand, especially in connection with waste recycling.
  • DE 34 16 504 A1 describes a device for separating batches from Known substances with different electrical conductivities a rotating magnetic device is also provided which is quick rotates and creates an alternating magnetic field through which the batch particles be passed through.
  • the separator is one Surround coat that rotates more slowly.
  • the resulting eddy currents result Influences on the particles that make the electrically conductive particles another Throwing parabola as the electrically non-conductive particles.
  • WO 89/07981 shows a comparable construction. Here too fall from materials from non-magnetic particles on a rotating drum, in which there is also a rotating magnet system. The two directions of rotation are opposite, so that non-metallic materials like glass, plastic and stones on one side and not magnetic Metals fall down on the other side of the drum. Constructions after DE 34 16 504 A1 or WO 89/07981, however, only allow very non-specific ones Separations and the number of incorrectly separated particles is relatively high. Magnetic particles, which are not, are also a problem were previously discarded and when entering between the drums and the rotating coats can cause damage.
  • EP 0 339 195 B1 proposed to arrange the magnet system eccentrically in the belt drum. This prevents magnetizable electrically conductive particles get stuck between conveyor belt and belt drum, due to the magnetic field heat to glow and corresponding damage in belt drum and set up conveyor belt.
  • An eccentric arrangement also shows that JP 57-119856 A.
  • the object of the present invention is a generic device and to propose a corresponding procedure, even without such Increasing the speed improves the sorting quality or with such a quality improve even further.
  • This object is achieved in a device in that the direction of rotation of the magnet system is chosen so that the directions of movement of the surface of the magnet system and the conveyor are opposite, and that the conveyor is equipped so that the magnet system on the one hand and the conveyor on the other hand exerted on the particles Forces, equalizing and loosening one another or interlocking or enable disabling particles.
  • the direction of rotation of the magnet system is chosen so that the surface of the magnet system and the particles. are moving in opposite directions and that the from Magnet system on the one hand and the conveyor on the other Forces acting particles equalize and loosen one another enable interlocking or obstructing particles.
  • the sorting quality improves significantly.
  • the known metal separators basically the conveyor belt is only used to move the to be sorted Particles to the actual sorting point, namely the magnet system, used; this then decides on the size of the parabola formed, whether the particle should be regarded as more or less good electrical conductor and therefore falls into a certain collection container or not. This can may lead to problems and misjudgments if for example, particles lie on top of each other or hide each other and thus interfere with each other due to the departure parameters.
  • the electrically highly conductive particles move in a different direction than the electrically less conductive particles (not only to different degrees in the same direction as in the prior art); the strength of the magnetic field of the magnet system or the speed of the conveyor belt allows the limit value to be set very sensitively.
  • the conveyor belt leads to a basic movement of all particles in a certain direction, the magnetic field of the magnet system counteracts this exactly.
  • the magnetic field of the magnet system can easily be set so strongly that it moves the electrically conductive particles against the action of the conveyor belt in the opposite direction; in one embodiment, the approach to the throwing parabola takes place directly above the magnet system, and in some cases the particles will no longer come into contact with the conveyor belt if they are caught or pushed off sufficiently sensitively above the conveyor belt.
  • Another conveyor device can also be used instead of a conveyor belt be, for example, a conveyor trough on which the particles by vibration or simply be moved forward by gravity. The effects resemble each other here.
  • a feed device is also preferably provided, with which the material to be sorted is fed to the conveyor.
  • the feed device can in turn be a Conveyor belt or a conveyor trough. Again, it is preferred that at least the area adjacent to the drop point made of a non-conductive Material consists, for example a plastic.
  • One of the basic ideas of the invention is the residence time of an individual particles of the goods to be considered in the sorting used To extend the magnetic field as much as possible. While in the prior art this dwell time is an extremely short moment in which the particles fall from above onto a conveyor belt, this time becomes clear according to the invention lengthened, and so the particles are given a much stronger opportunity to structured into the correct sorting path under the influence of the ordering magnetic field to integrate.
  • the goal of the process is initially clear Recognizable: At the beginning, goods 1 are loaded from above, the from a mixture of more or less electrically conductive particles exists, with the electrically highly conductive particles 2 in these pure schematic drawings appear as solid triangles, while the electrical ones poorly conductive particles 3 can be represented by open circles. At the end of the process, the highly conductive particles are 2 and the poorly conductive Particles 3 separated from each other and are found on different ones Positions again.
  • a feed device 11 can be seen at the top left, via which the Sort 1 is transferred into a conveyor trough 15.
  • Conveyor trough 15 can also be a conveyor belt 15b act.
  • the ferrous metals can be sorted out take place in the subsequent separation of the nonferrous metals according to the invention of the plastics and other electrically not or hardly could interfere with conductive substances.
  • the ferrous metals can be due their ferromagnetic properties can be sorted out relatively easily, for what many known devices can be used.
  • the conveyor trough 15 or the conveyor belt 15b guides the sorted goods 1 in as before unsorted state then to a conveyor 20, which in the embodiments 1 to 3 a conveyor belt 20a, in other versions is a conveyor trough 20b. From this position onwards the embodiments of FIGS. 1 differ on the one hand and 2 and 3 on the other hand and finally the Figure 4.
  • this conveyor belt 20a consists of an upper run 21 and a lower run 22 and runs over two drums 23, 24. It is driven and moves counterclockwise in the view shown, the upper run 21 of the conveyor belt 20a to the left in the Direction of movement 26.
  • the drop point 28, around which the feed channel 15 is fed Particles of the sorted goods 1 hit the surface of the conveyor belt 20a, is located above the right drum 24 in FIG. 1.
  • This Magnet system 30 Inside the drum 24, but eccentric to its axis and very precisely below of the drop point 28, there is the magnet system 30.
  • This Magnet system 30, for example, a concept according to the DE 4 323 932 C1, but also in another, conventional version can, is cylindrical in the illustration, the axis of rotation is horizontal and the cylinder drum rotates clockwise in this illustration.
  • the Direction of movement 36 of the surface of the magnet system 30 in the area is below the drop point 28, ie below the conveyor belt 20a exactly opposite to the direction of movement 26 of the conveyor belt 20a in this area.
  • the magnetic Forces predominate and the particle in a parabola to the right into one Transport container 41 standing there.
  • the ratio of electrical conductivity to the density of a particle is very high small and therefore the discharge force low, so it is from the conveyor belt taken and then at its corresponding end point in the area of Drum 23 fall down into a second collecting container already held there 42nd
  • the particle is an iron metal, i.e. a ferromagnetic one Material, so it is attracted to the magnet system. So it works the conveyor belt and thus the less conductive particles and is thus of separated the non-ferrous metals. If desired, it can also be from the less well conductive particles can still be separated as it is by the magnetic Attraction tends to remain on the conveyor belt. A sorting out However, the ferrous metal is also possible in another way and is preferred made in advance.
  • the mode of operation is basically the same as in FIG. 1, but in the illustration there the conveyor belt 20a with its upper run 21 and lower run 22 is guided around three drums 23, 24 and 25, the conveyor belt 20a being guided by the two outer ones Drums 23 and 24 is stretched, while in contrast to the first embodiment in the middle, largest drum 25, the magnet system 30 again finds its place eccentrically.
  • the direction of movement is here 26 of the conveyor belt of the image to the right while the direction of movement 36 of the surface of the magnet system 30 to the left leads. So this is also the opposite direction.
  • the drop point 28 for the particles 2, 3 of the goods 1 to be sorted is somewhat here centered on the conveyor belt 20a, but also above the magnet system 30. This creates a somewhat longer influence on the conveyor belt or the forces exerted by this also on the electrically highly conductive Particles 2, which in the first embodiment are more or less directly in a Throwing parabola are implemented.
  • the mode of operation essentially corresponds to the embodiment from FIG. 2.
  • the magnetic system 30 is constructed in such a way that it largely fills the middle, largest drum 25;
  • the left drum is additionally height-adjustable, so that the inclination of the upper run 21 of the conveyor belt 20a can also be adjusted, if necessary depending on the type of material mixture to be sorted and fed.
  • an additional application of a fluid from a fluid supply device 50 for example air from a corresponding nozzle, is carried out to the particles 2, 3 above the magnet system.
  • a fluid supply device 50 for example air from a corresponding nozzle

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  • Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Dispositif de séparation de particules d'une matière à trier (1) en fractions composées de particules plus ou moins bonnes conductrices de l'électricité (2, 3) à l'aide d'un dispositif de transport (20) sur lequel les particules (2, 3) sont déversées et d'un système magnétique rotatif (30) placé sur le dispositif de transport (20) ainsi que d'un réservoir collecteur (41) pour la fraction de particules recherchée,
    caractérisé par le fait que le sens de rotation du système magnétique rotatif (30) est choisi de telle manière que les sens de mouvement (26, 36) de la surface du système magnétique rotatif (30) et du dispositif de transport (20) sont opposés et
    que le dispositif de transport est équipé de telle manière que les forces exercées sur les particules (2, 3) par le système magnétique (30) d'une part et par le dispositif de transport (20) d'autre part permettent un espacement et une séparation des particules (2, 3) superposées, accrochées entre elles ou se gênant mutuellement.
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé par le fait que le dispositif de transport (20) est une bande transporteuse (20a).
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisé par le fait que la bande transporteuse (20a) présente un brin supérieur (21) et un brin inférieur (22) et circule sur au moins deux tambours (23, 24) qui tendent la bande transporteuse (20a) et qu'il est prévu deux réservoirs collecteurs (41, 42) disposés chacun au voisinage des tambours (23, 24), au-dessous de ceux-ci.
  4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé par le fait que le système magnétique (30) est disposé dans l'un des tambours (24, 25).
  5. Dispositif selon la revendication 4,
    caractérisé par le fait que le système magnétique (30) est disposé excentriquement dans le tambour (24, 25).
  6. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé par le fait
    qu'il est prévu trois tambours (23, 24, 25) parmi lesquels les deux tambours extérieurs (23, 24) tendent la bande transporteuse (20a) et
    que le système magnétique (30) est disposé dans le troisième tambour (25) situé entre les deux tambours extérieurs (23, 24).
  7. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé par le fait que l'un des tambours est réglable en hauteur par rapport aux autres.
  8. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé par le fait que le point de chargement (28) sur le dispositif de transport (20) se trouve verticalement au-dessus du système magnétique (30).
  9. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé par le fait
    qu'il est prévu un dispositif d'amenée (15) de la matière à trier (1) au dispositif de transport (20) et qu'au moins la zone voisine du point de chargement (28) soit constituée d'un matériau non conducteur, notamment de plastique.
  10. Dispositif selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé par le fait que le dispositif de transport (20) est une gouttière transporteuse (20b) en particulier non conductrice, de préférence en plastique, dans laquelle la matière à trier (1) est transportée de préférence par gravité et/ou vibration.
  11. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé par le fait
    qu'il est prévu plusieurs tronçons du dispositif de transport (20) ayant des dispositions relatives différentes avec le système magnétique (30).
  12. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé par le fait que le dispositif de transport (20) est réglable latéralement et/ou en hauteur.
  13. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé par le fait
    qu'il est prévu deux systèmes magnétiques rotatifs (30, 38) au-dessous et au-dessus du dispositif de transport (20), le sens de rotation des deux systèmes magnétiques (30, 38) étant choisi de telle manière que les surfaces des systèmes magnétiques présentent le même sens de mouvement (36, 39) dans la zone où elles sont en regard.
  14. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé par le fait
    qu'il est prévu en plus un dispositif d'amenée de fluide (50), en particulier une buse d'air, dans la zone située au-dessus du système magnétique rotatif.
  15. Procédé de séparation de particules d'une matière à trier (1) en fractions composées de particules plus ou moins bonnes conductrices de l'électricité (2, 3) à l'aide d'un dispositif de transport (20) sur lequel les particules (2, 3) sont déversées et d'un système magnétique rotatif (30) placé au-dessous du dispositif de transport (20) ainsi que d'un réservoir collecteur (41) pour la fraction de particules recherchée,
    caractérisé par le fait que le sens de rotation du système magnétique rotatif (30) est choisi de telle manière que la surface du système magnétique rotatif (30) et les particules (2, 3) se déplacent en sens opposés et
    que les forces exercées sur les particules (2, 3) par le système magnétique (30) d'une part et par le dispositif de transport (20) d'autre part permettent un espacement et une séparation des particules (2, 3) superposées, accrochées entre elles ou se gênant mutuellement.
  16. Procédé selon la revendication 15,
    caractérisé par le fait que les particules (2, 3) sont exposées à un fluide, en particulier à de l'air, au-dessus de la surface du système magnétique.
EP97929147A 1996-05-17 1997-05-17 Procede et dispositif de separation de particules avec un systeme magnetique rotatif Expired - Lifetime EP0898496B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI9730246T SI0898496T1 (en) 1996-05-17 1997-05-17 Device and process for separating particles with a rotary magnet system

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19619760 1996-05-17
DE19619760 1996-05-17
DE19634802 1996-08-29
DE19634802A DE19634802A1 (de) 1996-05-17 1996-08-29 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Teilchenseparation mit einem rotierenden Magnetsystem
PCT/EP1997/002536 WO1997044137A1 (fr) 1996-05-17 1997-05-17 Procede et dispositif de separation de particules avec un systeme magnetique rotatif

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0898496A1 EP0898496A1 (fr) 1999-03-03
EP0898496B1 true EP0898496B1 (fr) 2002-05-02

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Country Status (11)

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US (2) US6230897B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP0898496B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2000510764A (fr)
AT (1) ATE216916T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU3336897A (fr)
BR (1) BR9709588A (fr)
CA (1) CA2254934A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0898496T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2172798T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT898496E (fr)
WO (1) WO1997044137A1 (fr)

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WO2011067402A1 (fr) 2009-12-04 2011-06-09 Hubertus Exner Dispositif et procédé de séparation de particules ayant des conductibilités électriques différentes
DE202016103266U1 (de) 2016-06-21 2016-08-02 Sebastian Anton Schley Vorrichtung zur Trennung von Partikeln unterschiedlicher elektrischer Leitfähigkeit in einem inhomogenen Sortiergut

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JP6721258B1 (ja) * 2019-06-14 2020-07-08 株式会社セイホー 磁力選別装置
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FR2657544B1 (fr) * 1990-01-29 1992-04-17 Andrin G Separateur magnetique de particules et morceaux en metal non-ferreux.

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011067402A1 (fr) 2009-12-04 2011-06-09 Hubertus Exner Dispositif et procédé de séparation de particules ayant des conductibilités électriques différentes
DE102009056717A1 (de) 2009-12-04 2011-06-09 Hubertus Exner Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Trennung von unterschiedlich elektrisch leitfähigen Partikeln
DE202016103266U1 (de) 2016-06-21 2016-08-02 Sebastian Anton Schley Vorrichtung zur Trennung von Partikeln unterschiedlicher elektrischer Leitfähigkeit in einem inhomogenen Sortiergut
EP3260203A1 (fr) 2016-06-21 2017-12-27 Sebastian Anton Schley Dispositif de séparation de particules présentant différentes conductibilités électriques dans un produit de tri hétérogène

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ATE216916T1 (de) 2002-05-15
EP0898496A1 (fr) 1999-03-03
ES2172798T3 (es) 2002-10-01
US20020144934A1 (en) 2002-10-10
BR9709588A (pt) 2000-05-09
AU3336897A (en) 1997-12-09
JP2000510764A (ja) 2000-08-22
WO1997044137A1 (fr) 1997-11-27
PT898496E (pt) 2002-10-31
US6467629B1 (en) 2002-10-22
DK0898496T3 (da) 2002-08-19
US6230897B1 (en) 2001-05-15
CA2254934A1 (fr) 1997-11-27

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