EP1091121A2 - Filmbeschichteter Kolben - Google Patents

Filmbeschichteter Kolben Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1091121A2
EP1091121A2 EP00121768A EP00121768A EP1091121A2 EP 1091121 A2 EP1091121 A2 EP 1091121A2 EP 00121768 A EP00121768 A EP 00121768A EP 00121768 A EP00121768 A EP 00121768A EP 1091121 A2 EP1091121 A2 EP 1091121A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
circumferential surface
drive shaft
film
film material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00121768A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1091121A3 (de
Inventor
Takayuki Kato
Takahiro Sugioka
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toyota Industries Corp
Original Assignee
Toyota Industries Corp
Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho KK
Toyoda Automatic Loom Works Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toyota Industries Corp, Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho KK, Toyoda Automatic Loom Works Ltd filed Critical Toyota Industries Corp
Publication of EP1091121A2 publication Critical patent/EP1091121A2/de
Publication of EP1091121A3 publication Critical patent/EP1091121A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C1/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating
    • B05C1/04—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length
    • B05C1/08—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length using a roller or other rotating member which contacts the work along a generating line
    • B05C1/0826—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length using a roller or other rotating member which contacts the work along a generating line the work being a web or sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C1/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating
    • B05C1/04—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length
    • B05C1/16—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length only at particular parts of the work
    • B05C1/165—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length only at particular parts of the work using a roller or other rotating member which contacts the work along a generating line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/08—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B27/0873—Component parts, e.g. sealings; Manufacturing or assembly thereof
    • F04B27/0878—Pistons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M3/00—Printing processes to produce particular kinds of printed work, e.g. patterns
    • B41M3/006—Patterns of chemical products used for a specific purpose, e.g. pesticides, perfumes, adhesive patterns; use of microencapsulated material; Printing on smoking articles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2225/00—Synthetic polymers, e.g. plastics; Rubber
    • F05C2225/04—PTFE [PolyTetraFluorEthylene]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2253/00—Other material characteristics; Treatment of material
    • F05C2253/12—Coating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a piston suitable for a compressor, and more particularly, to a piston that is coated with a coating film.
  • a refrigerant gas is compressed by reciprocation of pistons in cylinder bores.
  • the circumferential surfaces of the pistons wear since they slide against the inner walls of the cylinder bores.
  • spray coating As a method of applying a coating material, spray coating is generally known. However, in spray coating, portions that need not be coated must be masked. The procedures of masking and unmasking are intricate. Therefore, the spray coating method makes the manufacture of pistons more difficult intricate.
  • a piston having a circumferential surface that contacts the inner wall of a cylinder bore is provided. Only part of the circumferential surface is coated with a transferred film.
  • the present invention may also be embodied as a method for forming a coating film on a circumferential surface of a piston that contacts the inner wall of a cylinder bore.
  • the method includes transferring film material to only part of the circumferential surface.
  • a front housing member 11 is connected to the front end of a cylinder block 12, which is also a center housing member.
  • a rear housing member 13 is connected to the rear end of the cylinder block 12 through a valve plate assembly 14.
  • the front housing member 11, the cylinder block 12 and the rear housing member 13 constitute a compressor housing.
  • a crank chamber 15 is defined by the front housing member 11 and the cylinder block 12.
  • a drive shaft 16, which passes through the crank chamber 15, is rotatably supported by the front housing member 11 and the cylinder block 12.
  • the drive shaft 16 is connected to a vehicular engine (not shown), or external drive source, through a clutch mechanism such as an electromagnetic clutch.
  • a rotor 17 is fixed to the drive shaft 16 within the crank chamber 15.
  • a swash plate 18 is supported on the drive shaft 16 such that the swash plate 18 inclines with respect to the axis L of the drive shaft 16.
  • a hinge mechanism 19 pivotally connects the swash plate 18 to the rotor 17. The hinge mechanism 19 rotates the swash plate 18 integrally with the rotor 17 and guides the inclination of the swash plate 18 with respect to the drive shaft 16.
  • a plurality of cylinder bores 26 (only one cylinder bore is shown in Figure 1) is defined in the cylinder block 12.
  • the bores 26 surround the axis L of the drive shaft 16.
  • a single-head piston 20 is contained in each cylinder bore 26.
  • Each piston 20 is connected to the swash plate 18 through a pair of shoes 21. Rotation of the drive shaft 16 is converted through the swash plate 18 and the shoes 21 into reciprocating motion of the pistons 20.
  • a suction chamber 27 and a discharge chamber 28 are defined in the rear housing member 13.
  • a suction port, an suction valve 30, a discharge port 31, and a discharge valve 32 are defined in the valve plate assembly 14 for each cylinder bore 26.
  • a supply passage 33 connects the discharge chamber 28 to the crank chamber 15 to conduct refrigerant gas from the discharge chamber 28 to the crank chamber 15.
  • An air bleed passage 34 connects the crank chamber 15 to the suction chamber 27 to conduct refrigerant gas from the crank chamber 15 into the suction chamber 27.
  • a control valve mechanism 35 which is an electromagnetic valve, is located in the supply passage 33. The control valve 35 is provided with a valve element 35a for regulating the supply passage 33 and a solenoid 35b for operating the valve element 35a.
  • the control valve 35 adjusts the valve opening of the supply passage 33 to change the flow rate of high-pressure refrigerant gas conducted from the discharge chamber 28 to the crank chamber 15.
  • the variation of the pressure in the crank chamber 15 changes the inclination angle of the swash plate 18. This changes the stroke of the piston 20 and the displacement of the compressor.
  • the piston 20 has a hollow cylindrical head 22 that fits in the cylinder bore 26 and a skirt 23 that extends from the head 22 into the crank chamber 15.
  • the skirt 23 functions as a connecting section that connects the head 22 to the swash plate 18. That is, the skirt 23 has a pair of opposed bearing seats 23a for receiving the shoes 21, respectively.
  • the swash plate 18 fits between the shoes 21 of each pair.
  • the pistons 20 are light and have lower inertia. This reduces the force acting on the skirt 23 and improves the durability of the pistons 20. It is essential that the stroke of each piston 20 be changed smoothly as the inclination angle of the swash plate 18 is changed. Since the pistons 20 used in this embodiment are light and have low inertia, the pistons 20 have a smaller effect on the motion of changing the inclination angle of the swash plate 18, which improves the response of adjusting the displacement.
  • an abrasion-resistant coating film C is formed on part of the circumferential surface 22a of the head 22.
  • the circumferential surface 22a includes a coated area and an uncoated area.
  • the coating film C is based on a solid lubricant such as PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) and has a thickness of 20 to 40 ⁇ m. The thickness of the coating film C depicted in Figure 3 is exaggerated.
  • the coated area includes a circumferential region S1, which surrounds the head 22, and two local regions S2 and S3, which extend axially from the region S1 toward the skirt 23.
  • the circumferential region S1 is located in the distal end of the head 22.
  • the circumferential region S1 contacts the inner wall 26a of the cylinder bore 26 along the entire piston circumference to seal the clearance between the head 22 and the inner wall 26a.
  • the shapes of the local regions S2 and S3 are as follows. As shown in Figure 3, assume an imaginary line D intersects the central axis L of the drive shaft 16 and the central axis B of the piston 20. The line D intersects the circumferential surface 22a at intersection points P1 and P2. The point P1, which is located farther from the central axis L of the drive shaft 16 than the point P2, is referred to as the twelve o'clock position.
  • the local region S2 is located between the vicinity of the four o'clock position and vicinity of the eight o'clock position, and the local region S3 is located around the twelve o'clock position.
  • the local region S2 extends axially from the distal end to the proximal end of the head 22.
  • the local region S3 extends for a relatively short distance from the distal end of the head 22, as shown in Figure 2.
  • the left end of the local region S3 is not angled but is rounded (as viewed from the perspective of Figure 2).
  • the reaction force H includes an axial component force h1, which is parallel to the axis B of the piston 20, and a component force h2, which is radial.
  • the radial component force h2 tends to tilt the piston 20.
  • the film of the local region S2 is pressed against the inner wall 26a of the cylinder bore 26 with a force corresponding to the radial component force h2.
  • the local region S2 receives from the inner wall 26a of the cylinder bore 26 a lateral reaction force F1 corresponding to the component force h2.
  • the local region S3 receives from the inner wall 26a of the cylinder bore 26 a lateral reaction force F2 corresponding to the component force h2.
  • the local regions S2 and S3 thus cover the specific zones of the circumferential surface 22a at which the lateral forces generated by the compressive action of the piston 20 act.
  • the coating film C formed on the local regions S2 and S3 resists abrasion of the circumferential surface 22a at the locations where the lateral forces are greatest. Further, the coating film C formed on the local regions S2 and S3 not only enables smooth and stable reciprocation of the piston 20 but also prevents the piston 20 from tilting within the cylinder bore 26. This prevents the coating film C from peeling.
  • the coating film C of the annular region S1 forms a seal between the inner wall 26a of the cylinder bore 26 and the head 22.
  • the coating film C is formed only at necessary locations. Thus, there is no waste of the coating material, and the weight increase of the piston 20 attributed to the film C is minimized. Thus, the piston 20 is light, durable and inexpensive to manufacture.
  • FIG. 4 shows a screen printer 40 as the transfer printing machine.
  • the screen printer 40 is provided with a work holder 41, a screen 43 having a meshed portion 42, a drive section 44 and a squeegee 45.
  • the work holder 41 holds an uncoated piston 20 (hereinafter referred to as piston workpiece 20 ' ).
  • the drive section 44 drives the screen 43 horizontally and rotates the work holder 41.
  • the squeegee 45 can be brought into contact with and spaced away from the upper surface of the screen 43.
  • the meshed portion 42 of the screen 43 for forming a transfer pattern has a shape conforming to the circumferential region S1 and the local regions S2 and S3.
  • the shape of the meshed portion 42 shows the circumferential region S1 and the local regions S2 and S3 laid out in a plane.
  • the meshed portion 42 includes a strip portion 42a, which corresponds to the circumferential region S1, and projection portions 42b and 42c, which correspond to the local regions S2 and S3, respectively.
  • the strip portion 42a extends in the direction in which the screen 43 is fed.
  • the projecting portions 42b and 42c extend perpendicular to the direction in which the screen 43 is fed.
  • a film material Z is applied to the upper surface of the screen 43 from a feeding unit (not shown).
  • the film material Z is based on a solid lubricant such as PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) and further includes an adhesive such as a binder resin, a solvent such as N-methylpyrrolidone, and a filler.
  • the drive section 44 turns a piston workpiece 20' with the work holder 41 and feeds the screen 43 horizontally.
  • the squeegee 45 is located at a position where it is brought into contact with the upper surface of the screen 43, so that the screen 43 is nipped between the squeegee 45 and the outer circumferential surface 22a of the piston workpiece 20 ' .
  • the squeegee 45 presses the film material Z against the screen 43 to transfer the material Z through the meshed portion 42 shown in Figure 5 onto the outer circumferential surface 22a of the piston workpiece 20 ' .
  • the film material Z is applied to the outer circumferential surface 22a in a pattern corresponding to the meshed portion 42.
  • the coated piston workpiece 20 ' is dismounted from the work holder 41, which is followed by a drying step, in which a solvent in the film material Z is removed, a baking step, in which the film material Z is heated, and an adjustment step, in which the thickness of the film material Z is adjusted by grinding or the like.
  • the completed piston 20 has a coating film C as shown in Figure 2.
  • the film material Z is transferred to the piston 20 by the screen printer 40.
  • the film material Z can be applied easily to the desired part of the outer circumferential surface 22a by choosing the pattern of the meshed portion 42 of the screen employed in the screen printer 40.
  • the film material Z is not wasted, this manufacturing method is less expensive than a spraying method.
  • Figures 6 and 7 show a second embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is different from that shown in Figures 1 to 5 in that the film material Z is transferred to the piston 20 using a roll coater 50.
  • the roll coater 50 is provided with a material pan 51, a metal roll 52, a comma roll 53, a transfer roll 55, a work holder 56 and a drive section 57.
  • the material pan 51 stores film material Z.
  • the metal roll 52 is partly dipped in the film material Z.
  • the transfer roll 55 is made of synthetic rubber and has a raised area 54 forming a transfer pattern.
  • the work holder 56 holds a piston workpiece 20 ' .
  • the drive section 57 rotates the rolls 52, 53 and 55 and the work holder 56.
  • the raised area 54 has a shape conforming to the circumferential region S1 and the local regions S2 and S3 of the piston 20.
  • the raised area 54 includes a strip portion 54a, which corresponds to the circumferential region S1 and projecting portions 54b and 54c, which correspond to the local regions S2 and S3, respectively.
  • the strip portion 54a extends about the entire periphery of the transfer roll 55.
  • the projecting portions 54b and 54c extend from the strip portion 54a in the axial direction of the transfer roll 55.
  • the shape that results when the raised area 54 laid out a plane matches the shape of the meshed portion 42 shown in Figure 5.
  • the film material Z applied to the metal roll 52 is leveled by the comma roll 53 to have a predetermined thickness.
  • the film material Z on the metal roll 52 is then applied to the raised area 54 of the transfer roll 55.
  • the film material Z on the raised area 54 is transferred to the circumferential surface 22a of the piston workpiece 20 ' as the raised area 54 contacts the circumferential surface 22a.
  • the film material Z is applied to the circumferential surface 22a to form a pattern corresponding to the raised area 54.
  • the film is dried and baked. Finally, the film thickness is adjusted to complete the piston 20 shown in Figure 2.
  • the present invention can be further embodied as follows.
  • the coated area on the piston 20 is not limited to that shown in Figure 2 but can be changed as desired.
  • the end of the local region S2 may be rounded. Such a shape helps the piston 20 to reciprocate smoothly within the cylinder bore 26.
  • Figure 8(c) shows a screen 43 provided with a meshed portion 42 conforming to the coated area shown in Figure 8(a).
  • the circumferential region S1 is divided into two annular zones.
  • the gap between the two annular zones functions to permit passage of refrigerant gas or to retain lubricating oil.
  • Figure 9(c) shows a screen 43 provided with a meshed portion 42 conforming to the coated area shown in Figure 9(a).
  • the present invention can be applied to any type of compressor containing pistons including fixed displacement compressors, variable displacement compressors and double-head piston compressors.
  • a coating film (C) is formed on the circumferential surface (22a) of a piston (20).
  • film material (Z) is transferred onto only part of the circumferential surface (22a) by a transfer printing machine such as a screen printer (40) or a roll coater (50). Therefore, unlike spray coating, the piston (20) need not be masked, which facilitates the application of the film material (Z). Further, the film material (Z) is not wasted.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
EP00121768A 1999-10-06 2000-10-05 Filmbeschichteter Kolben Withdrawn EP1091121A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP28563399 1999-10-06
JP28563399A JP2001107861A (ja) 1999-10-06 1999-10-06 ピストン

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1091121A2 true EP1091121A2 (de) 2001-04-11
EP1091121A3 EP1091121A3 (de) 2001-10-17

Family

ID=17694068

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00121768A Withdrawn EP1091121A3 (de) 1999-10-06 2000-10-05 Filmbeschichteter Kolben

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1091121A3 (de)
JP (1) JP2001107861A (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113843092A (zh) * 2021-10-21 2021-12-28 陈锦辉 一种用于玻璃钢墙板生产的加工设备及方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006002716A (ja) * 2004-06-21 2006-01-05 Zexel Valeo Climate Control Corp 圧縮機のシール構造
JP6283538B2 (ja) * 2014-03-10 2018-02-21 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 内燃機関のピストンの塗膜形成方法

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3640088B2 (ja) * 1995-03-16 2005-04-20 株式会社豊田自動織機 斜板式圧縮機
EP0818625B1 (de) * 1996-07-08 2004-03-31 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki Vorrichtung zur Beschichtung von Kompressorkolben
JPH10196539A (ja) * 1997-01-17 1998-07-31 Zexel Corp 往復式圧縮機
JPH11201037A (ja) * 1998-01-07 1999-07-27 Toyota Autom Loom Works Ltd 圧縮機のピストン及びピストンの製造方法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113843092A (zh) * 2021-10-21 2021-12-28 陈锦辉 一种用于玻璃钢墙板生产的加工设备及方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1091121A3 (de) 2001-10-17
JP2001107861A (ja) 2001-04-17

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