EP1114967A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour supprimer les tourbillons dans une turbomachine - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour supprimer les tourbillons dans une turbomachine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1114967A1
EP1114967A1 EP01810007A EP01810007A EP1114967A1 EP 1114967 A1 EP1114967 A1 EP 1114967A1 EP 01810007 A EP01810007 A EP 01810007A EP 01810007 A EP01810007 A EP 01810007A EP 1114967 A1 EP1114967 A1 EP 1114967A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
flow
mass flow
hot gases
outlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01810007A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1114967B1 (fr
Inventor
Ephraim Prof. Dr. Gutmark
Christian Olivier Dr. Paschereit
Wolfgang Weisenstein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GE Vernova GmbH
Original Assignee
Alstom Schweiz AG
Alstom Power Schweiz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alstom Schweiz AG, Alstom Power Schweiz AG filed Critical Alstom Schweiz AG
Publication of EP1114967A1 publication Critical patent/EP1114967A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1114967B1 publication Critical patent/EP1114967B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M20/00—Details of combustion chambers, not otherwise provided for, e.g. means for storing heat from flames
    • F23M20/005—Noise absorbing means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2210/00—Noise abatement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for continuous combustion chambers; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23R2900/00014—Reducing thermo-acoustic vibrations by passive means, e.g. by Helmholtz resonators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and to a device for suppression of fluidized vortices within a fluid power machine with a Burner in which a fuel / air mixture is ignited and hot gases that leave the burner at the burner outlet and into a open the combustion chamber following the burner in the flow direction of the hot gases.
  • thermoacoustic vibrations often occur in the combustion chambers, which occur in the burner as fluid-mechanical instability waves and lead to flow eddies that have a strong influence on the entire combustion process and lead to undesired periodic heat releases within the combustion chamber, which are associated with strong pressure fluctuations.
  • the high pressure fluctuations are associated with high vibration amplitudes, which can lead to undesirable effects, such as a high mechanical load on the combustion chamber housing, an increased NO x emission due to inhomogeneous combustion and even an extinguishing of the flame within the combustion chamber.
  • Thermoacoustic vibrations are based, at least in part, on flow instabilities the burner flow, which is expressed in coherent flow structures, and that affect the mixing processes between air and fuel.
  • Convention Combustion chambers become cooling air in the manner of a cooling air film over the combustion chamber walls headed.
  • the cooling air film also has a sound-absorbing effect and contributes to the reduction of thermoacoustic vibrations.
  • the sound-absorbing cooling air film is also reduced, which reduces the sound-absorbing effect and those with the unwanted Problems associated with vibrations are increasing again.
  • thermoacoustic vibration amplitudes has the disadvantage that the injection of fuel at the head stage can be accompanied by an increase in the emission of NO x .
  • thermoacoustic vibrations have more detailed studies on the formation of thermoacoustic vibrations demonstrated that such undesirable coherent structures arise during mixing processes. Of particular importance are those that mix between two Flow-forming shear layers, formed within the coherent structures become. More detailed information on this can be found in the following publications: Oster & Wygnanski 1982, "The forced mixing layer between parallel streams", Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol. 123, 91-130; Paschereit et al. 1995, “Experimental investigation of subharmonic resonance in an axisymmetric jet ", Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 283, 365-407).
  • the invention is based on the object of a method for suppressing Fluidized vortices within a fluid power machine, in particular a gas turbine system, with a burner in which a fuel / air mixture for ignition is brought and hot gases are formed that exit the burner at the burner leave and in a downstream of the burner in the flow direction of the hot gases Open combustion chamber to develop such that the undesirable flow vortices, that form as coherent pressure fluctuation structures, efficiently and should be wiped out without much additional energy expenditure.
  • the Measures necessary for this should cause little design effort and be inexpensive to implement.
  • the method according to the preamble of claim 1 targeted admixture of a mass flow into the inside of the burner Hot gases in front of the burner outlet.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that the place of origin of the coherent Structures the boundary or shear layer is directly at the burner outlet. Different from the principle of anti-sound, in which an existing sound field passes through Introduction of a phase-shifted sound field of the same energy extinguished the idea of the invention is based on the direct influence of the shear layer itself, in which the thermoacoustic vibrations begin to develop. Through direct influence, in the form of a targeted injection of a mass flow, preferably a gaseous mass flow, such as air, nitrogen or natural gas, those acting in the shear layer can act on the shear layer itself Mechanisms amplifying pressure fluctuations can be used to target the to eliminate unwanted pressure fluctuations.
  • a mass flow preferably a gaseous mass flow, such as air, nitrogen or natural gas
  • thermoacoustic vibrations are extinguished can.
  • Additional Energy sources as they are known from the anti-noise technology, are not required in the method according to the invention.
  • the method according to the invention thus permits direct excitation of the shear layer at the place of their origin, i.e. at the burner outlet.
  • the burner has at least two hollow, in the flow direction Hot gases nested partial bodies, their central axes to each other run offset, so that adjacent walls of the partial body tangential Air inlet ducts for the inflow of combustion air into one of the part bodies form predetermined interior, and wherein the burner at least one Has fuel nozzle.
  • Such burner types also known as cone burners, have a circular tear-off edge at their burner outlet an outlet channel is provided immediately adjacent to the burner side the mass flow is injected into the shear layer that forms at the separation edge can be.
  • the outlet channel is preferably on the inside of the burner outlet provided immediately at its tear-off edge.
  • the mass flow inflow is constant or preferably pulsed in the shear layer to subsequently to mix with the hot gases.
  • vibration damping is the pulsation frequency of the mass flow on the training behavior the undesirable that forms within the shear layer Coordinate flow vortices or thermoacoustic vibrations.
  • Empirical values show that effective suppression of unwanted flow vortices at pulsation frequencies between 1 and 5 kHz, preferably between 50 and 300 Hz.
  • thermoacoustic training Vibration characteristic signal is supplied, and depending of which an excitation signal is generated, through which the into the boundary layer mass flow to be introduced is modulated.
  • the mass flow feed-in can be done for reasons of little effort determining excitation signal can also be supplied by a control unit, that in no particular phase relationship to those within the shear layer forming thermoacoustic vibrations. Still can on in this way a highly efficient vibration suppression can be achieved.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic device for targeted suppression thermoacoustic vibrations within a burner system.
  • Very schematized a conical burner 1 is shown, with one directly in the direction of flow subsequent combustion chamber 2.
  • the conical burner 1 has a circular design Burner outlet 3, which is designed in particular as a sharp tear-off edge is.
  • the tear-off edge circularly surrounding, an outlet channel 4 through which a mass flow, preferably air or Nitrogen, can be applied in a targeted manner (see arrows).
  • a boundary or shear layer is formed 5 out, within which the unwanted thermoacoustic vibrations arise.
  • a controllable Valve 6 ensures that the mass flow is both continuous and can also be fed in pulses into the shear layer 5.
  • thermoacoustic vibrations it is possible to choose a fixed, predetermined pulse frequency, which in no fixed phase relation to those forming within the shear layer 5 thermoacoustic vibrations.
  • the valve 6 can be within the scope of a closed-loop control specify a pulse frequency that is in a certain Relationship to the training behavior of the thermoacoustic vibrations within the shear layer 5 stands. So, by appropriate choice of a correct phase difference between the pulsation of the mass flow and a measured one Excitation signal that the thermoacoustic vibrations within the shear layer characterized, the coherence of the developing instability waves disturbed , which significantly reduces the pulsation amplitudes can. In contrast to acoustic excitation using the anti-noise technique are not high demands on the excitation mechanism according to the invention to provide, especially since thermal framework conditions the functionality the damping mechanism is not significantly affected.
  • the mode of operation of the inventive method for suppressing Flow eddies within fluid power machines is also out of the diagram according to FIG. 2.
  • the diagram should be according to Fig. 2 serve, the suppression of a pressure oscillation in the 100 Hz range has been included.
  • the mass flow is excited antisymmetrically to the thermoacoustic that develop within the shear layer Vibrations. Nitrogen was used as the mass flow.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
EP01810007A 2000-01-07 2001-01-04 Procédé et dispositif pour supprimer les tourbillons dans une chambre à combustion d'une turbomachine Expired - Lifetime EP1114967B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10000415A DE10000415A1 (de) 2000-01-07 2000-01-07 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Unterdrückung von Strömungswirbeln innerhalb einer Strömungskraftmaschine
DE10000415 2000-01-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1114967A1 true EP1114967A1 (fr) 2001-07-11
EP1114967B1 EP1114967B1 (fr) 2005-11-16

Family

ID=7626921

Family Applications (1)

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EP01810007A Expired - Lifetime EP1114967B1 (fr) 2000-01-07 2001-01-04 Procédé et dispositif pour supprimer les tourbillons dans une chambre à combustion d'une turbomachine

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US6698209B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1114967B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4898004B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE10000415A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9759424B2 (en) * 2008-10-29 2017-09-12 United Technologies Corporation Systems and methods involving reduced thermo-acoustic coupling of gas turbine engine augmentors
US10036266B2 (en) 2012-01-17 2018-07-31 United Technologies Corporation Method and apparatus for turbo-machine noise suppression
US11174792B2 (en) 2019-05-21 2021-11-16 General Electric Company System and method for high frequency acoustic dampers with baffles
US11156164B2 (en) 2019-05-21 2021-10-26 General Electric Company System and method for high frequency accoustic dampers with caps

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0643267A1 (fr) * 1993-03-08 1995-03-15 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Procede de combustion d'un premelange gazeux et bruleur con u a cet effet
US5408830A (en) * 1994-02-10 1995-04-25 General Electric Company Multi-stage fuel nozzle for reducing combustion instabilities in low NOX gas turbines
DE4339094A1 (de) * 1993-11-16 1995-05-18 Abb Management Ag Verfahren zur Dämpfung von thermoakustischen Schwingungen sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
EP0754908A2 (fr) * 1995-07-20 1997-01-22 DVGW Deutscher Verein des Gas- und Wasserfaches -Technisch-wissenschaftliche Vereinigung- Procédé et dispositif pour supprimer des vibrations par flamme et par pression dans un four
EP0789193A2 (fr) * 1996-02-07 1997-08-13 DVGW Deutscher Verein des Gas- und Wasserfaches -Technisch-wissenschaftliche Vereinigung- Procédé et dispositif pour supprimer des vibrations par flamme et par pression dans un four
DE19636093A1 (de) * 1996-09-05 1998-03-12 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur akustischen Modulation einer von einem Hybridbrenner erzeugten Flamme
EP0987491A1 (fr) * 1998-09-16 2000-03-22 Asea Brown Boveri AG Procédé pour prévenir les instabilités d'écoulement dans un brûleur
EP0987495A1 (fr) * 1998-09-16 2000-03-22 Abb Research Ltd. Procédé pour minimiser les vibrations thermoacoustiques dans les chambres de combustion de turbines à gaz

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GB8329218D0 (en) * 1983-11-02 1983-12-07 Ffowcs Williams J E Reheat combustion system for gas turbine engine
US4770626A (en) * 1986-03-06 1988-09-13 Sonotech, Inc. Tunable pulse combustor
JPS62294815A (ja) * 1986-06-13 1987-12-22 Toshiba Corp ガスタ−ビン燃焼器
JPH0772616B2 (ja) * 1989-05-24 1995-08-02 株式会社日立製作所 燃焼器及びその運転方法
CH680084A5 (fr) * 1989-06-06 1992-06-15 Asea Brown Boveri
CH680467A5 (fr) * 1989-12-22 1992-08-31 Asea Brown Boveri
JPH04203710A (ja) * 1990-11-30 1992-07-24 Hitachi Ltd ガスタービン燃焼器
JP3435833B2 (ja) * 1993-09-17 2003-08-11 株式会社日立製作所 燃焼器
JPH08278028A (ja) * 1995-04-06 1996-10-22 Hitachi Ltd ガスタービン燃焼器
DE19542918A1 (de) * 1995-11-17 1997-05-22 Asea Brown Boveri Vorrichtung zur Dämpfung thermoakustischer Druckschwingungen
JPH09236261A (ja) * 1996-02-28 1997-09-09 Hitachi Ltd ガスタービン燃焼器
DE19704540C1 (de) * 1997-02-06 1998-07-23 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur aktiven Dämpfung einer Verbrennungsschwingung und Verbrennungsvorrichtung
JPH10300088A (ja) * 1997-04-23 1998-11-13 Hitachi Ltd 燃焼器の保炎構造
EP0931979A1 (fr) * 1998-01-23 1999-07-28 DVGW Deutscher Verein des Gas- und Wasserfaches -Technisch-wissenschaftliche Vereinigung- Procédé et dispositif pour supprimer les fluctuations par flamme et par pression dans un four
EP1001214B1 (fr) * 1998-11-09 2004-09-15 ALSTOM Technology Ltd Brûleur
DE19855034A1 (de) * 1998-11-28 2000-05-31 Abb Patent Gmbh Verfahren zum Beschicken eines Brenners für Gasturbinen mit Pilotgas

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0643267A1 (fr) * 1993-03-08 1995-03-15 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Procede de combustion d'un premelange gazeux et bruleur con u a cet effet
DE4339094A1 (de) * 1993-11-16 1995-05-18 Abb Management Ag Verfahren zur Dämpfung von thermoakustischen Schwingungen sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
US5408830A (en) * 1994-02-10 1995-04-25 General Electric Company Multi-stage fuel nozzle for reducing combustion instabilities in low NOX gas turbines
EP0754908A2 (fr) * 1995-07-20 1997-01-22 DVGW Deutscher Verein des Gas- und Wasserfaches -Technisch-wissenschaftliche Vereinigung- Procédé et dispositif pour supprimer des vibrations par flamme et par pression dans un four
EP0789193A2 (fr) * 1996-02-07 1997-08-13 DVGW Deutscher Verein des Gas- und Wasserfaches -Technisch-wissenschaftliche Vereinigung- Procédé et dispositif pour supprimer des vibrations par flamme et par pression dans un four
DE19636093A1 (de) * 1996-09-05 1998-03-12 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur akustischen Modulation einer von einem Hybridbrenner erzeugten Flamme
EP0987491A1 (fr) * 1998-09-16 2000-03-22 Asea Brown Boveri AG Procédé pour prévenir les instabilités d'écoulement dans un brûleur
EP0987495A1 (fr) * 1998-09-16 2000-03-22 Abb Research Ltd. Procédé pour minimiser les vibrations thermoacoustiques dans les chambres de combustion de turbines à gaz

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
OSTER & WYGNANSKI: "The forced mixing layer between parallel streams", JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS, vol. 123, 1982, pages 91 - 130
PASCHEREIT ET.AL: "Experimental investigation of subharmonic resonance in an axissymmetric jet.", JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS, vol. 283, 1995, pages 365 - 407

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10000415A1 (de) 2001-09-06
EP1114967B1 (fr) 2005-11-16
JP4898004B2 (ja) 2012-03-14
US6698209B1 (en) 2004-03-02
DE50108042D1 (de) 2005-12-22
JP2001248833A (ja) 2001-09-14

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