Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
  • C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
  • C02F1/683—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water by addition of complex-forming compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
  • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
  • C12N1/00—Microorganisms; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
  • C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
  • C12N1/205—Bacterial isolates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
  • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
  • C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
  • C12P19/04—Polysaccharides, i.e. compounds containing more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic bonds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
  • C22B60/00—Obtaining metals of atomic number 87 or higher, i.e. radioactive metals
  • C22B60/02—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides
  • C22B60/0204—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium
  • C22B60/0217—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium by wet processes
  • C22B60/0252—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium by wet processes treatment or purification of solutions or of liquors or of slurries
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
  • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
  • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
  • G21F9/04—Treating liquids
  • G21F9/06—Processing
  • G21F9/10—Processing by flocculation
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
  • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
  • C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
  • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
  • C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
  • C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
  • C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
  • C12R2001/01—Bacteria or Actinomycetales ; using bacteria or Actinomycetales

Definitions

• EPS extracellular polysaccharides
• complex polysaccharides such as microbial expolysaccharides have a variety of industrial applications. For example, many of these molecules have been used as thickeners in the food and cosmetic industries, adhesives, coating agents, freeze stabilizers, water soluble lubricants, for suspending waste fragments in drilling or cutting operations, and for reducing turbulence of fluid flow in pipelines and other containers. See, e.g., Baird et al., "Industrial Applications Of Some New Microbial Polysaccharides," Biotechnology, November 1983, pp. 778- 83; J.W.
• xanthan gum is produced by a gram-negative bacterium (Xanthomonas campestris), and is used as a thickener in many different compositions. See, e.g., Jeanes, et al., J. Appl. Polymer ScL, 5,519-526 (1961).
• useful bacterial exopolysaccharides include gellan (a microbial anionic heteropolysaccharide composed of tetrasaccharide units produced by Auromonas elodea ATCC 31461); S-88 (See, Kang and Veeder, U.S. Pat. No.
• the invention relates to a partially purified bacterial exopolysaccharide and a purified exopolysaccharide with a molecular weight of about 250 kD, termed "thaueran,” that were obtained from Thauera sp. Strain MZIT, an organism previously isolated from the wastewater treatment system of an industrial manufacturing plant.
• the present invention also provides an isolated exopolysaccharide, termed thaueran, produced from Thauera strain MZIT.
• This exopolysaccharide has a molecular weight of about 250 kDa and comprises rhamnose, galacturonic acid, N- acetylfucosamine and N-acetyl glucosamine.
• a method of removing metal from a sample comprising: a) contacting a metal containing sample with a partially purified EPS produced from Thauera strain MZIT; b) allowing a complex to form between the metal in the metal containing sample and the partially purified EPS; and c) removing the complex of step b) from the sample.
• Figure 6 is a chart showing the results obtained in a one dimensional 1H-NMR analysis of 250 kD thaueran exopolysaccharide.
• Figure 7 is a chart showing the results obtained in a two dimensional NMR analysis (gCOSY) of 250 kD thaueran exopolysaccharide.
• the present invention provides a partially pu ⁇ fied exopolysaccha ⁇ de (EPS) produced from Thauera strain MZIT.
• Monosaccha ⁇ de constituents of the partially punfied exopolysaccha ⁇ de include glucose, galacturonic acid, and N-acetylfucosamine in a ratio of approximately 4:2' 1.
• the partially pu ⁇ fied EPS contains the monosaccha ⁇ des rhamnose, xylose, and galactose in lower quantities Methylation analysis showed that the partially pu ⁇ fied EPS is highly branched having 1-3, 1-4, and 1-6 glycosyl linkages.
• MZIT produces a partially punfied EPS when grown on simple organic acids and related compounds commonly associated with indust ⁇ al wastewaters. After pu ⁇ fication, the partially punfied EPS appears as a white fibrous material with a cotton-like consistency.
• the partially purified EPS is readily soluble in water, but insoluble in most organic solvents and solubility is reduced above pH 7.
• the present invention also provides a method of producing the partially purified EPS from Thauera MZIT comprising the steps of: a) culturing the Thauera MZIT in media; and b) purifying the partially purified EPS produced from the Thauera MZIT culture of step a).
• Microorganism culturing techniques are well known in the art and the Examples included herein provide sufficient guidance for one of skill in the art to make the appropriate media, culture MZIT and recover the partially purified EPS of the present invention.
• MZIT can be grown in most non-selective, complex media including YEPG (Yeast extract, peptone, and glucose media). Stoke's medium can also be utilized.
• partially purified EPS is insoluble in organics (solvents, alcohols, etc.)
• a woven filter could be made to allow flow through metal extraction from solvents and solutions similar to the filter utilized to separate a metal-partially purified EPS precipitate from water.
• the partially purified EPS of this invention is similar to other bacterial polysaccharides that have been used in hydrating agents, stabilizing emulsions, gel formulation, viscosity control, foam stabilization, film formation, suspending agents, acoustical membranes, and structural fibers.
• the present invention also provides an isolated exopolysaccharide produced from Thauera strain MZIT, termed thaueran. More specifically, the invention provides an isolated exopolysaccharide produced from MZIT, wherein the exopolysaccharide has a molecular weight of about 250 kDa and comprises rhamnose, galacturonic acid, N-acetylfucosamine and N-acetyl glucosamine.
• Monosaccharide constituents include rhamnose (Rha), galacturonic acid (GalA), N-acetylfucosamine (2-acetamido-2, 6-dideoxy-galactose, FucNac) and N-acetyl glucosamine.
• Microorganism culturing techniques are well known in the art and the Examples included herein provide sufficient guidance for one of skill in the art to make the appropriate media, culture MZIT and recover the thaueran EPS of the present invention.
• thaueran EPS is specifically envisioned to be useful for removing metal ions from aqueous and non-aqueous solutions resulting from industrial processes or a waste stream.
• the thaueran EPS/wastewater is mixed to allow the dissolved thaueran EPS to bind metals present in the wastewater.
• a precipitating agent such as a calcium salt (CaCl 2 precipitates the thaueran EPS dissolved in aqueous solutions) or a base is then added to precipitate the thaueran EPS out of solution. This precipitate is separated from the water by, for example, allowing the precipitate to sediment to the bottom of the tank and removing the purified wastewater from the top of the tank.
• the precipitate can also be separated from the water by filtration.
• the metal -containing thauean EPS is then disposed.
• the thaueran EPS can be treated with an acid to free the bound metals, or the metals can be precipitated by reacting them with an anion (sulfate for example, depending on the metal of interest) and neutralizing pH to form insoluble metal salts. Free sugars resulting from these processes can be washed into the wastestream. It is also envisioned that heavy metals bound by the thaueran EPS could be exchanged with another metal so that the thaueran EPS could be safely reused.
• a woven filter could be made to allow flow through metal extraction from solvents and solutions similar to the filter utilized to separate a metal-thaueran EPS precipitate from water.
• the thaueran EPS of this invention is similar to other bacterial polysaccharides that have been used in hydrating agents, stabilizing emulsions, gel formulation, viscosity control, foam stabilization, film formation, suspending agents, acoustical membranes, and structural fibers.
• the thaueran EPS is therefore expected to be useful in one or more of these applications as well.
• thaueran EPS could be used commercially for food and cosmetic uses, oil extraction, as components of firefighting fluids, as wound dressings in eye and joint surgery, and as anti-tumor agents. See e.g.
• Thaueran EPS could be woven into a product that would dissolve in the presence of water.
• the solubility could be controlled (at least temporarily) by controlling the calcium concentration in the final product.
• Thaueran EPS might thus be useful for making cigarette filters that degrade in the environment to reduce pollution, or as line filters for solvents.
• Thaueran EPS could also be used for extraction of various substances from solvents or in a water bath to free up a material of interest.
• thaueran EPS N-acetylfucosamine (2-acetamido-2, 6-dideoxy-galactose, FucNac)
• FucNac N-acetylfucosamine
• Fucose containing oligosaccharides can be used to prevent tumor cell colonization of the lung, to control formation of white blood cells (anti-inflammatory effect) and to treat rheumatoid arthritis (Vanhooren and Vandamme "L-Fucose: Occurrence, physiological role, chemical, enzymatic and microbial synthesis” J. Chem Technol. Biotechnol. 74: 479-497 (1999). Fucose can also be used in the synthesis of antigens for antibody production and in cosmetics as a skin moisturizing agent. Since fucose production via chemical synthesis is laborious and suffers from low yield, fucose can be obtained from thaueran by chemical or enzymatic hydrolysis.
• Thauera defined medium which was used to culture growth was prepared as described below.
• a trace elements solution was prepared by mixing together the following:
• Partially purified EPS was also analyzed for carbohydrate content.
• a sample of partially purified EPS was hydrolyzed using freshly prepared IM methanolic-HCl for 16h at 80°C.
• the released sugars were derivatized with Tri-Sil and the samples were analyzed by Gas Chromatography (GC) using a Supelco column.
• GC Gas Chromatography
• Myo-inositol (20 ug) was also added as an internal standard. Results are shown in Table 1 below.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Zoology (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Biotechnology (AREA)
• Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
• Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Biochemistry (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Microbiology (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
• Virology (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Biomedical Technology (AREA)
• Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
• High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
• Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Geology (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=22714854

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Families Citing this family (2)

Family Cites Families (4)

• 2001
  • 2001-04-02 EP EP01926557A patent/EP1268840A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2001-04-02 WO PCT/US2001/010657 patent/WO2001075138A2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2001-04-02 AU AU2001253087A patent/AU2001253087A1/en not_active Abandoned

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events