EP1381711A2 - Verfahren zum veredeln von metallischen oberflächen zur vermeidung von thermischen anlauf-farben - Google Patents
Verfahren zum veredeln von metallischen oberflächen zur vermeidung von thermischen anlauf-farbenInfo
- Publication number
- EP1381711A2 EP1381711A2 EP01991656A EP01991656A EP1381711A2 EP 1381711 A2 EP1381711 A2 EP 1381711A2 EP 01991656 A EP01991656 A EP 01991656A EP 01991656 A EP01991656 A EP 01991656A EP 1381711 A2 EP1381711 A2 EP 1381711A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- iii
- coating
- layer
- sol
- compounds
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 238000005494 tarnishing Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Inorganic materials [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910018557 Si O Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 Al 2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 44
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C]1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical group [C]1=CC=CC=C1 CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N borane Chemical compound B UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HHVIBTZHLRERCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonyldimethane Chemical compound CS(C)(=O)=O HHVIBTZHLRERCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000251730 Chondrichthyes Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000669 Chrome steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO Inorganic materials [Zr]=O GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005840 aryl radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000085 borane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003670 easy-to-clean Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010943 off-gassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005480 shot peening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007704 wet chemistry method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
- C23C18/1229—Composition of the substrate
- C23C18/1241—Metallic substrates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
- C23C18/1204—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material inorganic material, e.g. non-oxide and non-metallic such as sulfides, nitrides based compounds
- C23C18/1208—Oxides, e.g. ceramics
- C23C18/1216—Metal oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
- C23C18/125—Process of deposition of the inorganic material
- C23C18/1254—Sol or sol-gel processing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a ner driving to prevent or at least reduce the yellowing or discoloration of metallic surfaces (e.g. stainless steel, copper, brass and bronze) that are exposed to elevated temperatures.
- metallic surfaces e.g. stainless steel, copper, brass and bronze
- Such processes include annealing treatments in an inert atmosphere coupled with pickling processes, as are described in the Japanese patent application (applicant. JP 06079990, published on April 19, 1994). Furthermore, the corrosion resistance can be increased by electrolytic polishing.
- Such layers act as a diffusion barrier for oxygen.
- they are applied in thicknesses of more than 1 ⁇ m baked thickness (DE-A 197 14 949). Thinner layers, for example based on sol-gel, lead to optically disturbing interferences.
- Sol-gel processes are used in particular to apply glass-like layers.
- the technique of the sol-gel process is well known to the person skilled in the art and is described in detail, for example, in Brinker-Scherer, The Physics and Chemistry of Sol-Gel Processing, Sol-Gel Science, Academic Press (1990).
- Sol-gel processes are hydrolysis-condensation reactions (for example of silanes such as R n SiX ⁇ n or a mixture of such melanes, where R is for example hydrogen or an aliphatic or aromatic radical and X is a hydrolyzable radical such as alkoxy or can be phenoxy), in which structures with, for example, Si-O bonds are formed with simultaneous branching and crosslinking of this product after complete removal of water from the reaction product (chemical in the sense of condensation; water from the solvent, if present).
- the particle size (particle diameter) in the structures is 100 nm or less.
- Si-O layers By removing the solvent, a gel (with increased viscosity and increased degree of crosslinking) is formed, which is then dried to form an airgel and finally, by further heating (at about 500 ° C.), becomes a (in the case of using silanes: glass-like) layer which contains both silicon and oxygen (in a stoichiometric ratio of about 1: 2).
- silanes: glass-like glass-like layers which contains both silicon and oxygen (in a stoichiometric ratio of about 1: 2).
- Such a sol-gel process is for silanes of the general formula R n SiX 4 . n described in DE-A 197 14 949.
- the glass-like layers described there improve not only the corrosion / tarnish protection, but also the possibility of cleaning and, depending on the thickness, the scratch resistance of the substrate.
- they are susceptible to cracks, presumably due to shrinkage processes and differences in the expansion coefficients, with layer thicknesses of 2 ⁇ m and above.
- This sensitivity to cracks is due to the fact that the layers treated in this way at temperatures above approx. 350 ° C. due to outgassing the organic components lose their flexibility.
- more complex geometries cannot be coated with these thickness tolerances in terms of production technology. If the layers are applied with a smaller thickness (less than 1000 nm), they are not sensitive to the formation of cracks and can also be applied in a manageable manner using thinners, but they show interference colors that the user regularly sees as undesirable.
- thicker sol-gel layers are on surfaces of stainless steel, but also on other metals such as copper, brass and bronze, especially if they are used in the household (ovens, stoves , etc.), but technically and practically uninteresting, since the cracking leads to loss of function.
- the glass-like Si-O layers require temperatures which are above the starting temperature of the respective metal, e.g. usual stainless steels (stainless steel), (the starting temperatures for steel are usually around 200 ⁇ 20 ° C).
- structure of the slot effect means on the one hand densification processes of the layer, the densified layer then acting as a diffusion barrier for oxygen, but on the other hand also chemical reactions at the interface with the steel or metal / alloy, which prevent the formation of visually disturbing oxide layers ,
- These network converters are built into the Si-O network and interrupt it, so that the modified Si-O network approaches the water glass to a greater or lesser extent depending on the concentration of the alkali (s) used.
- the effect of the network converters is, among other things, to lower the compression temperatures of the layers. In other words: the structure of the protective effect and thus the protection against oxygen can be generated at lower temperatures compared to sol-gel processes without the use of network converters. This in turn means that the temporal or temperature-reversed sequence is reversed: the tarnish protection layer can form at times or at temperatures before or below which visible tarnish colors appear.
- network converters has one major disadvantage: it generally reduces the chemical resistance of the layers. If chemically particularly resistant (glass-like) layers are to be obtained, they must be baked in an oxygen-free atmosphere (e.g. under nitrogen or possibly also argon as protective gas) without using network converters. However, this in turn requires a relatively high level of effort, which makes a sol-gel process under an inert gas atmosphere economically unattractive.
- an oxygen-free atmosphere e.g. under nitrogen or possibly also argon as protective gas
- sol-gel processes based on suitable Ti, Zr, Al and / or B compounds are not used. This is partly because the protective effect is not built up at temperatures below the start-up temperature, so the stainless steel / metal / alloy already yellowed / tarnished during the protective treatment.
- An object which the inventors have therefore set themselves in view of the prior art has been to provide a process which makes it possible to produce surfaces of stainless steel, but also of other metals or alloys such as copper, brass and bronze, without using To coat network converters and still prevent the tarnish protection layer from forming at times or at temperatures after or above which visible tarnish colors have already appeared. After such a process has been carried out, the metallic original impression of the surface should be retained, even if the sol-gel process is carried out on the basis of suitable Ti, Zr, Al and / or B compounds.
- a second object of the inventors was to provide a method which provides good corrosion / tarnishing protection for the stainless steel or the other metals and alloys even at continuous use temperatures up to 450 ° C., preferably up to 500 ° C. and even up to 550 ° C, while maintaining the metallic original impression and the possibility of simple or improved cleaning of the substrate, ie metal or alloy, is guaranteed and at the same time the occurrence of interference colors with low Layer thicknesses preferably prevented, but at least significantly reduced. Because of the small layer thicknesses, the problem of keeping the coating susceptible to cracking is also solved.
- step (i) which provides for treatment of the metallic surface in order to achieve it
- Step (ii) which involves mechanical and / or chemical roughening of the metallic surface to be coated, in order to achieve the second of the above-mentioned objects.
- Step (iii) which involves coating the roughened surface using e.g. of a sol gel
- Process comprises, wherein the layer is applied in a thickness of less than 1000 nm, preferably 800 nm or less, 600 nm or less, 500 nm or less, or 400 nm or less, and which solves the third task when it step (ii) succeeds.
- a variant of this method also comprises the optional step (i) and then to carry out step (ii) simultaneously with the coating step (iii), step (ii) representing the introduction of a second phase and the layer having a thickness of less than 1000 nm , preferably 800 nm or less, 600 nm or less, 500 nm or less, or 400 nm or less.
- one aspect of the present invention relates to the methods outlined above.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to a component, e.g. a metal sheet made of chrome-nickel steel that has been subjected to such a process.
- step (i) can be dispensed with without endangering the tasks defined above. This can be done by using a special steel is selected that starts relatively late (even in an oxygen-containing atmosphere). Examples of such special steels are Cro ifer 45 and Cronifer 2 from Krupp VDM.
- step (i) is also not necessary if the stoving is carried out in an inert or non-oxidizing atmosphere (then, according to the prior art, no network converter is necessary either).
- step (i) is indispensable in the other cases if the task (s) to be solved is to provide surfaces free from tarnish colors and if the aforementioned preconditions are not met ( no use of special steel as defined in the penultimate paragraph; no network converters; no work in a non-oxidizing atmosphere).
- the metallic surfaces to be treated are preferably those of stainless steels, in particular surfaces of the steel types 1.4301 and 1.4016 (chromium-nickel or chromium steel), which otherwise, that is to say untreated, at working temperatures of 200 ° C. and oxidize higher in the air atmosphere and consequently turn yellow during substep (iii) (in the absence of network converters).
- a first step (i) of the method according to the invention consists in treating the metallic surface in order to raise its starting temperature and thus to solve the first of the three above-mentioned tasks.
- Step (i) of the preferred embodiment ( ⁇ ) can be carried out by any method in which the metal can form a tarnish protection before there is a discolouring oxide layer.
- This step is preferably the method described in EP-A 1 022 357.
- Step (i) preferably comprises the steps of heating the metallic surface up to 550 ° C. and then pickling the heated surface with mineral acid (as described in EP-A 1 022 357). It is particularly preferred to increase the start-up temperature of the metallic surface to about 300 ° C.
- step (iii) can be carried out in an oxygen atmosphere without the need for network converters.
- step to increase the starting temperature or “step to increase the starting temperature”.
- step (ii) by means of which the metallic surface is roughened
- step (iii) a conventional coating process, e.g. a sol-gel process, one after the other or at the same time, with the result that the tarnish protection of the metal / alloy treated in this way, such as steel, copper, brass or bronze, is not lost even at temperatures up to 550 ° C.
- the organic constituents for example methyl, ethyl, 1-propyl, isopropyl residues; for chemistry in general and the organic residues in particular see below, page 9) of the layers are not completely burned out , Then you get a easy to clean, resistant to tarnishing surface low • surface energy.
- the temperature at which the burnout must take place it only requires little effort to test the temperature at which the burnout must take place in accordance with this preferred embodiment. A precise temperature range or even value cannot be determined, since this depends on numerous parameters familiar to the person skilled in the art (for example chemical, qualitative and quantitative composition). Burning out takes place regularly at a temperature which is above the (later) application temperatures.
- the burnout should be carried out at temperatures of 450 ° C. or above 450 ° C., preferably at about 470. at about 480, at about 490 or at about 500 ° C.
- the interference colors of the layers which occur with small layer thicknesses can be suppressed by mechanical and / or chemical and / or physical roughening of the (stainless) steel surface.
- physical roughening is defined as the (physical) introduction of second phases (such as light-scattering particles or pores). Examples of the different types of roughening are Grinding or blasting, in particular sandblasting or shot peening (mechanical), etching, e.g.
- step (i) is a pure cleaning process for removing the oxide layer without forming a microstructure in the (substrate) surface to be treated, but also the incorporation of light-scattering particles and / or pores (physically).
- Suitable light-scattering particles are, in particular, TiO 2 and ZrO 2, in general all those particles whose refractive index is greater than that of the respective layer, in any case the geometries of the mechanical, chemical or physical roughening which interfere with the interference according to the invention are of the order of magnitude from 2 to 1000 nm, preferably in a range from 15 to 500 nm, in a range from 40 to 300 nm, in a range from 50 to 250 nm or in a range from 100 to 200 nm (range specifications in each case based on the diameter ).
- Preferred ranges for the chemical and mechanical roughness are 50-1000 nm, in particular 200-500 nm.
- Preferred ranges for the (light-scattering) particles are 2-30 nm, in particular 5-25 or 10 - 20 nm (depends mainly on the type of particle and its refractive index).
- Preferred areas for the pores are 2-100 nm, in particular 5-50 nm.
- step (ii) When using the light-scattering particles or pores in step (ii) to prevent the interference, attention must be paid to a certain ratio between Me (e.g. Si) of the matrix on the one hand and particles or pores on the other. It is essential that the volume fraction of particles / pores in the fired layer is 0.05-20%, preferably 0.1-15%, but particularly preferably 1-5%.
- Me e.g. Si
- Particles can be incorporated by adding light-scattering particles during the sol-gel process finally, due to their refractive index (which differs from that of the matrix, that is to say the layer) and small size of approximately 2 to 30 nm (for example 20 nm; specified as particle diameter), they can prevent the interference colors from occurring or at least significantly reduce their intensity .
- Suitable particles are, for example, Al 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , ZrO 2 and SiO 2 .
- a blowing agent is added during the sol-gel process, which leaks at the latest during the stoving process, i.e. during the conversion of the airgel into the coating, leaving pores behind.
- the layers applied according to the present invention are transparent, so they do not change the appearance of the metallic surface.
- starting compounds for the hydrolysis and subsequent condensation are compounds of the general formula R n MeX 4 . n , where X and R are defined as in DE-A 197 14 949 (column 2, lines 18-34; column 3, lines 1-9), where n is 0, 1, 2 or 3, and where Me is selected is made of Si, AI, Zr, B and Ti.
- Me AI or B, it is understood by the person skilled in the art that the above-mentioned formula because of the trivalent nature of the central atoms AI and BR n MeX 3 . n must be.
- the organic radicals R and X generally have 1 to 16 carbon atoms, with 1 to 12, in particular 1 to 8, carbon atoms being preferred (for the aryl radicals, of course, only that 6 or 10 carbon atoms are preferred).
- Residues with 1 to 4 (alkyl, alkenyl, akinyl) or 6 (aryl) or 7 to 10 (aralkyl, alkaryl) carbon atoms are particularly preferred.
- the ratio R: Me (corresponding to n) on a molar basis preferably being on average from 0.2 to 1.5.
- the hydrolysis and condensation reactions are preferably carried out in a solvent mixture of water and an organic solvent such as methanol, ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, DMSO or dimethyl sulfone.
- the organic solvent can also be a mixture of two or more solvents.
- the solvents mentioned and which can be used according to the invention are all miscible with water, so that the hydrolysis can take place without phase separation.
- the coating can be applied to the metallic surfaces in various known ways: by dipping, spinning, spraying, flooding or rubbing in; the metallic surface in the bath of e.g. Immersing silanes is a preferred method.
- the thickness with which the layers are applied according to the invention are in a range from 100 to less than 1000 nm, preferably in a range from 200 to 850 nm, particularly preferably in a range from 300 to 750 nm, very particularly preferably 350 to 600 nm.
- layer thicknesses of 100 to 300 nm, more preferably 100 to 200 nm, are also preferred for the purposes of the present invention. example
- Chromium steel 1.4016 (without tarnish colors) pickled (step (i)) and then shot peened (step (ii)) according to the process described in EP-A 1 022 357 was treated with a 5% solution of Dynasil GH 02 (According to the manufacturer, Degussa Hüls, the Dynasil solution is based on hydrolyzed and partially condensed silanes) dip-coated in 1-butanol, dried and baked at 550 ° C. The steel did not tarnish after the treatment even at a temperature of 500 ° C (10 h holding time). No interference colors were observed.
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10064134 | 2000-12-19 | ||
| DE10064134A DE10064134A1 (de) | 2000-12-19 | 2000-12-19 | Verfahren zum Veredeln von metallischen Oberflächen zur Vermeidung von thermischen Anlauf-Farben |
| PCT/DE2001/004824 WO2002050330A2 (de) | 2000-12-19 | 2001-12-19 | Verfahren zum veredeln von metallischen oberflächen zur vermeidung von thermischen anlauf-farben |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1381711A2 true EP1381711A2 (de) | 2004-01-21 |
| EP1381711B1 EP1381711B1 (de) | 2007-06-06 |
Family
ID=7668357
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01991656A Expired - Lifetime EP1381711B1 (de) | 2000-12-19 | 2001-12-19 | Verfahren zum veredeln von metallischen oberflächen zur vermeidung von thermischen anlauf-farben |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US20030232206A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1381711B1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE10064134A1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2287183T3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2002050330A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8569665B2 (en) * | 2006-10-17 | 2013-10-29 | Meyer Intellectual Properties Limited | Cookware with tarnish protected copper exterior |
| DE102008013166A1 (de) * | 2008-03-07 | 2009-09-10 | Iplas Innovative Plasma Systems Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer interferenzfarbenfreien Schutzschicht |
| JP5899615B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-18 | 2016-04-06 | 株式会社リコー | 絶縁膜の製造方法及び半導体装置の製造方法 |
| FR2988404B1 (fr) * | 2012-03-21 | 2015-02-13 | Centre Techn Ind Mecanique | Procede de depot d'un revetement anticorrosion |
| DK3084035T3 (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2018-10-15 | Sepies Gmbh | Process for producing colored stainless steel surfaces |
| DE102014210671A1 (de) * | 2014-06-05 | 2015-12-17 | BSH Hausgeräte GmbH | Verfahren zur verhinderung von interferenzfarben auf dünn beschichteten metalloberflächen |
Family Cites Families (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS55127561A (en) * | 1979-03-26 | 1980-10-02 | Canon Inc | Image forming member for electrophotography |
| US5192410A (en) * | 1988-07-28 | 1993-03-09 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Process for manufacturing multi ceramic layer-coated metal plate |
| JPH03130356A (ja) * | 1989-10-13 | 1991-06-04 | Masuzo Hamamura | 長期有効防錆蝕加工法 |
| US5272295A (en) * | 1991-01-23 | 1993-12-21 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Electric contact and method for producing the same |
| US5420400A (en) * | 1991-10-15 | 1995-05-30 | The Boeing Company | Combined inductive heating cycle for sequential forming the brazing |
| EP1339116A3 (de) * | 1994-05-30 | 2005-03-23 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Wiederaufladbare Lithiumbatterie |
| EP0798130B1 (de) * | 1996-03-29 | 2000-06-07 | Agfa-Gevaert N.V. | Flachdruckplatten mit Beschichtung |
| JP4104026B2 (ja) * | 1996-06-20 | 2008-06-18 | 財団法人国際科学振興財団 | 酸化不働態膜の形成方法並びに接流体部品及び流体供給・排気システム |
| EP0831538A3 (de) * | 1996-09-19 | 1999-07-14 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Photovoltaisches Bauelement mit einer spezifisch dotierten Schicht |
| TW338729B (en) * | 1996-09-30 | 1998-08-21 | Kawasaki Steel Co | Hot roll stainless steel tape and the manufacturing method |
| DE19645043A1 (de) * | 1996-10-31 | 1998-05-07 | Inst Neue Mat Gemein Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Substraten mit Hochtemperatur- und UV-stabilen, transparenten, farbigen Beschichtungen |
| US5869141A (en) * | 1996-11-04 | 1999-02-09 | The Boeing Company | Surface pretreatment for sol coating of metals |
| DE19708808B4 (de) * | 1997-03-04 | 2010-10-21 | Biedermann, Bianca | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufbringen von transparenten Schutzschichten auf Gegenstände |
| US5881972A (en) * | 1997-03-05 | 1999-03-16 | United Technologies Corporation | Electroformed sheath and airfoiled component construction |
| DE19714949A1 (de) * | 1997-04-10 | 1998-10-15 | Inst Neue Mat Gemein Gmbh | Verfahren zum Versehen einer metallischen Oberfläche mit einer glasartigen Schicht |
| DE19719948A1 (de) * | 1997-05-13 | 1998-11-19 | Inst Neue Mat Gemein Gmbh | Nanostrukturierte Formkörper und Schichten sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
| JP3404286B2 (ja) * | 1998-04-16 | 2003-05-06 | 日本パーカライジング株式会社 | 金属の表面処理方法、および該表面処理方法により得られた表面を有する金属部材 |
| ES2162546B1 (es) * | 1999-01-22 | 2003-05-01 | Bsh Fabricacion Sa | Metodo e instalacion para el tratamiento superficial del acero inoxidable. |
-
2000
- 2000-12-19 DE DE10064134A patent/DE10064134A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2001
- 2001-12-19 WO PCT/DE2001/004824 patent/WO2002050330A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2001-12-19 EP EP01991656A patent/EP1381711B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-12-19 ES ES01991656T patent/ES2287183T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-12-19 DE DE50112610T patent/DE50112610D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2003
- 2003-06-19 US US10/465,243 patent/US20030232206A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2005
- 2005-11-04 US US11/267,680 patent/US20060057284A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO0250330A2 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2287183T3 (es) | 2007-12-16 |
| EP1381711B1 (de) | 2007-06-06 |
| US20060057284A1 (en) | 2006-03-16 |
| WO2002050330A2 (de) | 2002-06-27 |
| DE50112610D1 (de) | 2007-07-19 |
| WO2002050330A3 (de) | 2003-11-20 |
| US20030232206A1 (en) | 2003-12-18 |
| DE10064134A1 (de) | 2002-06-27 |
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