EP1423899A1 - Machine a ondes progressives - Google Patents

Machine a ondes progressives

Info

Publication number
EP1423899A1
EP1423899A1 EP02797672A EP02797672A EP1423899A1 EP 1423899 A1 EP1423899 A1 EP 1423899A1 EP 02797672 A EP02797672 A EP 02797672A EP 02797672 A EP02797672 A EP 02797672A EP 1423899 A1 EP1423899 A1 EP 1423899A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
stator
rotor
conductor
wanderfeldmaschine
connector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02797672A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Andreas GRÜNDL
Bernhard Hoffmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Compact Dynamics GmbH
Original Assignee
Compact Dynamics GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Compact Dynamics GmbH filed Critical Compact Dynamics GmbH
Publication of EP1423899A1 publication Critical patent/EP1423899A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/12—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors arranged in slots
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
    • H02K41/02—Linear motors; Sectional motors
    • H02K41/025—Asynchronous motors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a traveling field machine.
  • the invention relates to a traveling field machine with a stator and a rotor, each having at least one stator coil or a rotor coil, the stator or the rotor having a soft magnetic iron body with a stator or rotor back, on which spaced apart to form teeth Grooves are formed.
  • travelling field machines that is to say asynchronous, synchronous, reluctance machines, etc., means both motors and generators, it being irrelevant to the invention in particular whether such a machine is designed as a rotating machine or, for example, as a linear motor is.
  • the invention can be used both with internal rotor machines and with external rotor machines.
  • stator for a three-phase generator whose stator core has grooves in which stator windings are arranged.
  • the stator winding sections inside the slots have a rectangular cross section and the stator winding sections forming the coil ends outside the slots have a circular cross section.
  • the stator winding sections with the circular cross section are formed by hollow cylindrical conductors, while the stator winding sections with the rectangular cross section are formed by pressing the hollow cylindrical conductor together.
  • all turns in the head area find space next to each other in the radial direction without projecting beyond the grooves or the back of the rotor or stator in the radial direction.
  • the head parts are offset from the slot sections of the windings parallel to the slot longitudinal axis and brought together in phases at a minimal distance above the slots.
  • a traveling field machine is known from EP 1 039 616 A2, the stand of which carries a stator coil.
  • the stand has a soft magnetic iron body with a stand back on which grooves are formed which are spaced apart to form teeth.
  • the stator coils have conductor bars arranged in the grooves and end connectors which connect the conductor bars and are arranged on the end faces of the stator.
  • the face connectors of the stator coils are arranged transversely to the slot base and project over the slot base in the direction of the stator back.
  • the conductor sections in the end region of the stator protrude radially inwards.
  • the end connectors and the conductor bars are riveted together using pins.
  • the design of the coil heads is an essential factor for the efficiency of the electrical machine, the known designs not being optimized for high-efficiency machines with regard to the requirements of mass production.
  • connection of the conductor bars in the slots with the forehead in the coil heads is an essential factor for the reliability of the respective electrical machine. This applies all the more as the spatially very narrow conditions in the area of the winding heads preclude a number of known connection technologies. All known concepts have in common that with a sufficiently compact structure, the reliability for large-scale use is not achieved. In addition, known manufacturing procedures are very expensive.
  • the invention teaches a traveling field machine of the type mentioned above, with a stator and a rotor, each of which has at least one stator coil or one rotor coil, the stator or the rotor having a soft magnetic iron body with a stator or rotor back - has, on which grooves are formed to form teeth, and the stator or rotor coils are arranged in the grooves of the stator or rotor and conductor bars arranged on the end faces of the stator or rotor, which have conductor connectors connecting end connectors, and wherein the stator or rotor coils in the area of the end connectors are at least partially angled substantially transversely to the base of the grooves and project at least partially from the base of the grooves in the direction of the stator or rotor back.
  • the end connectors have an effective thickness substantially transverse to an air gap between the stator and the rotor, which satisfies the condition:
  • n the number of conductor bars in the direction of the groove depth NT
  • LZ is the number of holes in the coils
  • PZ is the number of phases in the traveling field machine.
  • the end connectors are preferably connected at their two end regions to the ends of the conductor bars by means of offset sections.
  • the length of the offset sections together with the thickness of the end connector determine the extent to which the winding overhangs protrude over the back of the runner or stand.
  • the offset sections at the two end regions of the end connectors can be of different lengths and / or angled at different angles to the respective ends of the conductor bars. This makes it possible to arrange the end connectors in accordance with the predetermined number of phases and holes in the electrical machine, to a certain extent in which the winding heads protrude above the back of the rotor or stator.
  • the safety factor (a) is in a range from 0.05 to 0.95, preferably in a range from 0.2 to 0.8.
  • a further use of space can be achieved in that the end connectors are widened not only in the direction of the back of the stand, but also in the direction of the air gap between the stand and the runner, at least on one of the two end faces of the stand. In this case, add another factor to the right of the above equation that takes this amount into account.
  • the conductor bars each have a connection area at their ends, which mates with corresponding sections on the end connectors for a mechanical and electrical connection.
  • the design of the mechanical and electrical connection can be different.
  • a first embodiment of the invention has a slot on the two end faces of the conductor bars, into each of which one end of an end connector is inserted and electrically and mechanically connected to the conductor bar.
  • a connecting lug can also be formed on one or both ends of a conductor bar, which is electrically and mechanically connected to a corresponding section of the end connector.
  • connection areas are formed at the ends of the conductor bars by end-side recesses or tapering, in or to which the corresponding sections of the end connectors are joined and contacted.
  • the grooves taper or widen to an air gap between the stator and the rotor and the conductor bars arranged in the grooves have, depending on their position in the groove, at least one on the width of the groove partially adjusted width. This offers the maximum utilization of the available groove space.
  • each stator or rotor winding is made up of cross-sectionally rectangular conductor bars in the slots and winding heads forming end connectors, the ends of the conductor bars being electrically connected to the end connectors so that each of the end connectors has one has an essentially U-shaped end section with two opposite legs, the mutually facing inner sides of which are connected to corresponding side faces of an end section of one of the conductor bars.
  • connection between the end section of the conductor bar and the end section of the front connector can have a layer of hard solder, preferably silver hard solder, tin hard solder or the like, regardless of the structural design of the end section of the conductor bar and the end section of the front connector, or the connection between the end section of the The conductor bar and the end section of the end connector has a layer of high-temperature soft solder, preferably with a melting point of at least about 380 degrees Celsius.
  • the end section of the conductor bar is preferably tapered at least approximately by the wall thickness of the essentially U-shaped end section of the stim connector. This is to be provided on all the side surfaces on which the end section of the end connector bears against the end section of the conductor bar. If the end section of the end connector only lies on two (for example mutually opposite) side surfaces of the end section of the conductor bar for contact and for the (material) connection, the packing density of the winding layers in the winding head can be kept the same as in the winding groove.
  • Each of the opposing legs preferably has a projection on its inner surface facing the end section of the conductor bar, which protrudes into contact with the corresponding side surfaces of the end section of the conductor bar. This facilitates a defined sequence of the material connection during the connection process.
  • the material connection can be carried out in a particularly simple manner by means of electro-pulse welding.
  • the end sections of the end connectors can be joined to the end sections of the conductor bar by laser welding L5.
  • the conductor bar and / or the end connector are preferably provided with a ceramic or enamel coating. It is advantageous to join the two parts together to form essentially L-shaped components, to provide them with the ceramic or enamel coating before joining them together or thereafter, and then to layer them in layers (from both ends) Introduce grooves of the soft magnetic body and then connect to the respective windings.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing an electrical machine with a rotor or stator which has a plurality of slots forming winding chambers distributed around its circumference for receiving at least one rotor or stator winding, as defined in the preceding claims, with the steps : Introducing a substantially rectangular conductor rod into a winding chamber, so that a 35 end section of the conductor rod protrudes on at least one end face of the rotor or stator, material-fitting attachment of a end connector to the projecting end section of the conductor rod by pressing the end connector together with the projecting end section of the conductor rod and at the same time or in time after the pressing, the application of electrical contacts to the conductor bar and to the end connector, through which a predefined electrical power pulse flows, which is sufficient to melt the material at the connection point (s), the points, on which the electrical contacts are applied to the conductor bar and the end connector, are different from the press points.
  • the two opposite legs encompass the respective side faces of the end section of the conductor bar and are pressed against them.
  • the power of the pulse is determined such that essentially no heat flows to the surroundings in the area of the connection point. This is achieved in particular in that the power is introduced into the parts to be connected in the shortest possible time interval. As a result, the fusion process takes place so quickly that hardly any energy is released into the environment before the connection process ends.
  • the conductor cross section adjusts to the available space outside the soft magnetic body, the conductor cross section being enlarged, in particular at the connection points, in order to enable low contact resistances due to large contact areas.
  • the improved use of space increases the efficiency or the power density of the machine.
  • FIG. 1 a development of a stator for an electric motor according to the invention is shown schematically in plan view with cut stator windings.
  • FIG. 2 schematically illustrates how the winding heads of an electric motor with a stator, as illustrated in FIG. 1, are arranged above the winding slots and the back of the stator.
  • FIG. 3 and 4 schematically illustrate in perspective how a conductor bar of a winding according to FIG. 1 is to be connected to an end connector which forms the winding head.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic top view of how the conductor bar and the end connector from FIGS. 3, 4 are pressed together and charged with an electrical power pulse.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further alternative embodiment of an end connector with a section of an end connector in a schematic perspective illustration.
  • FIG. 7 shows a further alternative embodiment of an end connector with a section of an end connector in a schematic perspective illustration.
  • FIG. 8 A further alternative embodiment of a stim connector with a section of an end connector is shown in FIG. 8 in a schematic perspective illustration.
  • FIG. 1 shows a section of a development of a stator 10 of an inner rotor machine (not illustrated further) in a plan view, wherein the invention can also be used for an outer rotor machine.
  • the stand 10 is constructed in the present embodiment from sheets (not illustrated further) which are stacked one on top of the other, but could also consist of iron particles pressed and sintered to the appropriate shape.
  • the stator 10 has grooves 12 arranged side by side, through which winding chambers for the corresponding stator coil windings 14 are formed.
  • the winding chambers 12 have an essentially rectangular cross section, with their facing the rotor (not shown). - lo ⁇
  • Teeth 18 are thus formed in each case between two slots 16.
  • Each stator coil 14 is formed from conductor bars 20 which are essentially rectangular in cross section, which are introduced into the winding chambers 12 and are connected to end connectors 22.
  • the end connectors 22 of all windings together form winding heads 24 (see FIG. 2).
  • FIG. 2 also shows a stator 10 of a traveling field machine with several stator coils.
  • the stator 10 is a soft magnetic iron body with a stator back 11 on which grooves 12 are formed to form the teeth 18.
  • the stator coils 14 of the stator 10 are formed by conductor bars 20 arranged in the grooves 16 and end connectors 22 which connect the conductor bars 20 and which are arranged on the end faces of the stator 10.
  • the stator coils 14 in the area of the end connectors 22 are at least partially angled substantially transversely to the base 17 of the slots 16 - with respect to the longitudinal axis of the conductor bars 20 - and partially protrude the base 17 of the slots 16 in the direction of the back of the stator 11
  • End connector 22 has a substantially vertical orientation relative to the end face of the stator or rotor.
  • the end connectors 22 are connected at one or both of their end regions to the ends 26 of the conductor bars 20 by offset sections 27 oriented transversely to the longitudinal axis of the conductor bars 20 (see also FIG. 7 or 8).
  • the offset sections can either be part of the end connector 22 or, as shown in FIG. 7, part of the respective conductor bar 20.
  • the offset sections 27 at the two end regions of the end connectors 22 to the respective ends 26 of the conductor bars 20 are of different lengths in order to achieve the respective relative position of the end connector 22 in the winding head.
  • FIG. 2 shows a winding head of a 5-phase / 1-hole machine, partially schematically, each winding having 4 layers (u, v, w, x).
  • the winding head protrudes about 30% (a * RT) over the back of the stator 11.
  • the safety factor a can be set to up to 0.95, especially in low-voltage machines (up to 60 V operating voltage).
  • the end connector 22 would then have a thickness SD of 0.88 mm, while the conductor bars have a thickness LD of 2.5 mm.
  • each of the end connectors 22 has an essentially U-shaped end section 30 with two opposing legs 32, 34, the mutually facing inner sides 32a, 34a of which are connected to corresponding side surfaces 26a, 26b of the end section 26 of one of the conductor bars 20 they are.
  • 3 and 4 show only the connection between one end of a conductor bar 20 and one half of an end connector 22 (which is otherwise essentially a mirror image).
  • a layer of (silver) hard solder is applied to the side surfaces 26a, 26b of the end section 26 of the conductor bar 20.
  • the end section 26 of the conductor bar 20 is tapered approximately by the wall thickness of the essentially U-shaped end section 30 of the end connector 22. This ensures that the spatial conditions are not too tight in the area of the winding heads, or that the winding heads can be constructed very compactly, so that the electromagnetically ineffective part of the stator coils is relatively small. Since the conductor bars and the end connectors are connected to one another via the two side surfaces or inner surfaces, a very large connection surface and thus a mechanically and electrically very secure connection is achieved.
  • a projection 38 is provided in the form of a cone stamped from the outside of the legs 32, 34. Since, as will be explained in detail below, the connection between the conductor bar and the end connector is carried out by electro-pulse welding, this projection 38 is used in the welding process. process reproducible electrical contacting and thus a defined melting process of the material to be connected is achieved.
  • a stand (see Fig. 1) is provided, which has the corresponding grooves.
  • the rectangular conductor bars are inserted, which are dimensioned such that an end portion of the conductor bar protrudes on both ends of the stand.
  • An end connector is then connected to the projecting end section of the conductor bar.
  • the two opposite legs 32, 34 of the end section 30 of the end connector 22 are pressed onto the respective side surfaces 26a, 26b of the end section 26 of the conductor bar 20 by means of two press jaws 40, 42 (see FIG. 5).
  • the tips of the projections 38 come into contact with each of the side surfaces 26a, 26b of the end section 26.
  • conductor bars 20 can be connected at one of their ends to one end of an end connector 22, so that essentially L-shaped structures are formed. These L-shaped structures are then inserted in layers from both end faces of the stand 10 in its grooves 12 and connected to the corresponding ends of the corresponding conductor bars or end connectors in the manner described below. As illustrated in FIG. 5, the locations at which the electrical contacts are applied to the conductor bar and to the stim connector are different from the locations at which the press jaws the two opposite legs 32, 34 of the end section 30 of the end connector 22 press against the respective side surfaces 26a, 26b of the end section 26 of the conductor bar 20.
  • the electrical power pulse is introduced by two contact punches 50, 52, which are applied on the one hand to the central web 56 (see FIGS. 3, 5) of the end connector and on the other hand to the end surface 26c of the conductor bar.
  • the contact points for the electrical power pulse are different from the points at which the stim connector is connected (welded) to the conductor bar. The fact that no electric current flows through the force introduction points prevents the press jaws from sticking to one of the parts to be connected.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment of the end connector or the conductor bar, in which the end connector 22 rests only with the two opposite legs 32, 34 of its end section 30 on the side surfaces 26a, 26b of the end section of the conductor bar.
  • This embodiment has the advantage that the distance to the adjacent conductor bar in the same winding chamber is not affected by the connection of the conductor bar with its respective end connector.
  • the contact stamp to be applied to the end connector can be placed on the middle piece 56 spanning the end face 26c of the conductor bar and the contact stamp to be applied to the conductor bar can be applied to the opposite end of the conductor bar.
  • An important advantage of this embodiment is that the end section does not have to have any tapering in order to realize a space-saving connection between the conductor bars and the end connectors in the critical orientations (in particular to the adjacent conductor bars).
  • FIG. 7 shows a further embodiment of the end connector and of the conductor bar, in which a connecting lug is integrally formed on the conductor bar as an offset section 27 in one piece.
  • the stim connector 22 is welded to the offset section 27.
  • FIG. 8 shows a further embodiment of the end connector and the conductor rod, in which the conductor rods 20 are electrically connected at their ends to the end connectors 22 in a material-locking manner, in that each of the conductor rods 20 has an essentially U-shaped end section with two opposite legs. has no 20a, 20b, between which one end of the end connector 22 engages and is welded there.
  • the offset sections 27 at the two end regions of the end connector 22 to the respective ends of the conductor bars 22 are of different lengths and angled.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Windings For Motors And Generators (AREA)
  • Insulation, Fastening Of Motor, Generator Windings (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une machine à ondes progressives comprenant un stator et un rotor qui présentent respectivement au moins un enroulement statorique ou un enroulement rotorique. Le stator ou le rotor présente un corps en fer magnétique doux doté d'un dos statorique ou d'un dos rotorique dans lesquels sont pratiquées des encoches espacées formant des dents. Les enroulements statorique ou rotorique présentent des barres conductrices placées dans les encoches statoriques ou rotoriques et des raccords frontaux placés sur les faces frontales du stator ou du rotor et reliant les barres conductrices. Les enroulements statorique ou rotorique sont coudés au moins partiellement sensiblement perpendiculairement au fond des rainures dans la zone des raccords frontaux et font saillie sur le fond des rainures au moins partiellement en direction des dos statorique ou rotorique.
EP02797672A 2001-09-04 2002-09-04 Machine a ondes progressives Withdrawn EP1423899A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10143217 2001-09-04
DE10143217A DE10143217C1 (de) 2001-09-04 2001-09-04 Wanderfeldmaschine
PCT/EP2002/009908 WO2003021743A1 (fr) 2001-09-04 2002-09-04 Machine a ondes progressives

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1423899A1 true EP1423899A1 (fr) 2004-06-02

Family

ID=7697606

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02797672A Withdrawn EP1423899A1 (fr) 2001-09-04 2002-09-04 Machine a ondes progressives

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20050151439A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1423899A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2005502295A (fr)
KR (1) KR20040041600A (fr)
DE (1) DE10143217C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003021743A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106385145A (zh) * 2016-10-21 2017-02-08 沈阳工业大学 外转子起重机永磁电动机永磁体的装配装置及应用方法

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DE10312441B4 (de) * 2003-03-20 2009-02-26 Compact Dynamics Gmbh Wanderfeldmaschine
DE10329641A1 (de) 2003-07-01 2005-02-03 Compact Dynamics Gmbh Wanderfeldmaschine
DE102007021737A1 (de) * 2007-05-09 2008-11-20 Compact Dynamics Gmbh Wanderfeldmaschine
JP4450086B2 (ja) * 2008-03-28 2010-04-14 ダイキン工業株式会社 ステータ、モータおよび圧縮機
US8736127B2 (en) * 2011-02-17 2014-05-27 Innerpoint Energy Corporation Dynamoelectric device and method of forming the same
ITBO20150187A1 (it) * 2015-04-16 2016-10-16 Magneti Marelli Spa Metodo di saldatura laser tra due elementi metallici adiacenti di un avvolgimento statorico con barre rigide per una macchina elettrica
DE102018211655A1 (de) * 2018-07-12 2020-01-16 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Stators
DE102020111704A1 (de) 2020-04-29 2021-11-04 Molabo Gmbh Stator für eine elektrische Maschine und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Stators für eine elektrische Maschine

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106385145A (zh) * 2016-10-21 2017-02-08 沈阳工业大学 外转子起重机永磁电动机永磁体的装配装置及应用方法
CN106385145B (zh) * 2016-10-21 2018-10-16 沈阳工业大学 外转子起重机永磁电动机永磁体的装配装置及应用方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20040041600A (ko) 2004-05-17
WO2003021743A1 (fr) 2003-03-13
JP2005502295A (ja) 2005-01-20
US20050151439A1 (en) 2005-07-14
DE10143217C1 (de) 2003-02-27

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