EP1443288A2 - Conteneur réfrigéré avec une machine frigorifique à absorption - Google Patents

Conteneur réfrigéré avec une machine frigorifique à absorption Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1443288A2
EP1443288A2 EP03027170A EP03027170A EP1443288A2 EP 1443288 A2 EP1443288 A2 EP 1443288A2 EP 03027170 A EP03027170 A EP 03027170A EP 03027170 A EP03027170 A EP 03027170A EP 1443288 A2 EP1443288 A2 EP 1443288A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sorption
container
evaporator
sorber
cooling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03027170A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Peter Dr. Maier-Laxhuber
Andreas Becky
Reiner Dipl.-Ing. Wörz
Gert Richter
Norbert Weinzierl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zeo Tech Zeolith Technologie GmbH
Original Assignee
Zeo Tech Zeolith Technologie GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zeo Tech Zeolith Technologie GmbH filed Critical Zeo Tech Zeolith Technologie GmbH
Publication of EP1443288A2 publication Critical patent/EP1443288A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B17/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type
    • F25B17/08—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type the absorbent or adsorbent being a solid, e.g. salt
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D11/00—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators
    • F25D11/003—Transport containers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/01—Geometry problems, e.g. for reducing size
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/04—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for sorption type machines, plants or systems
    • F25B49/046—Operating intermittently
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2400/00—General features of, or devices for refrigerators, cold rooms, ice-boxes, or for cooling or freezing apparatus not covered by any other subclass
    • F25D2400/38—Refrigerating devices characterised by wheels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2700/00—Means for sensing or measuring; Sensors therefor
    • F25D2700/02—Sensors detecting door opening
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2700/00—Means for sensing or measuring; Sensors therefor
    • F25D2700/12—Sensors measuring the inside temperature

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cooling container with adsorption cooling un Procedure for its operation.
  • Adsorption devices are apparatus in which a solid sorbent is present second, boiling agent at lower temperatures, the working fluid in vapor form sorbed with heat release (sorption phase).
  • the working fluid evaporates in an evaporator with heat absorption. After the sorbent is saturated it can be desorbed again by adding heat (desorption phase).
  • Working fluid evaporates from the adsorbent. The working steam can be re-liquefied and then evaporate again in the evaporator.
  • Adsorption devices for cooling with solid sorbents are from EP 0 368 111 and DE-OS 34 25 419 known. Sorbent container filled with Sorbents, suck working steam, which in an evaporator arises and sorb with the release of heat. This heat of sorption must are removed from the sorbent filling. The coolers can used for cooling and keeping food warm in thermally insulated boxes become.
  • the sorption cooling system known from EP 0 368 111 consists of a transportable cooling unit and a separable, stationary charging station.
  • the cooling unit consists of a sorption container filled with a solid sorbent and an evaporator, the liquid working fluid and one embedded therein Contains heat exchanger.
  • Evaporator and sorption container are over one lockable steam pipe connected.
  • By one in the evaporator Embedded heat exchangers flow liquid media through temperature controlled Opening and closing the shut-off device to the desired temperature level be cooled.
  • the sorbent After the sorbent is saturated with working fluid, it can be heated in the charging station.
  • the working fluid vapor flowing out is re-liquefied in the evaporator.
  • the heat of condensation is through Cooling water that has to flow through the embedded heat exchanger is removed.
  • the object of the invention is a cooling container with adsorption cooling apparatus, the container contents over a longer period of time without an external energy source cools at a low temperature level and its cooling effect into one later loaded and then saved for any length without loss can be.
  • the adsorption cooling device accordingly contains a sorbent inside a sorber container, a valve and liquid working fluid inside an evaporator.
  • the sorbent is released during the desorption phase Heat applied and extracted during the sorption phase.
  • the work equipment heat of vaporization is supplied during the sorption phase and Liquefied heat removed during the desorption phase.
  • the amounts of heat are transmitted to air currents via electrically operated fans appropriately shaped heat surfaces are promoted.
  • Working medium vapor is desorbed during the desorption phase. This flows through the open or self-opening valve to the evaporator and condenses out there.
  • the air volume conveyed should be so large that the heat of condensation is dissipated at a relatively low temperature level can.
  • the heat supply to the sorbent is stopped.
  • the desorption of further working fluid vapor thus ends.
  • the closing of the valve prevents the working fluid vapor from flowing back.
  • the desorbed Working fluid is then in liquid form in the evaporator. In this When ready for use, the adsorption refrigerator can be stored for any length of time.
  • Sorber container with a temperature-stable thermal Insulation to prevent heat loss during the desorption process to minimize the environment.
  • the valve is opened to initiate the adsorption phase.
  • Working medium vapor can now flow from the evaporator into the Sorber container and from Sorbent can be sorbed exothermic.
  • Sorbent dissipates its heat of sorption in a heat exchanger to the environment can dissipate.
  • a particularly intensive cooling effect can be achieved if the Sorber tank has a sufficiently large heat exchanger area for the flow around it Has airflow. It is advantageous if the sorbent is at ambient temperatures can be cooled to the maximum amount of working fluid to be able to evaporate sufficiently low evaporation temperatures.
  • zeolite is used as the sorbent. Per kilogram Zeolite can use this to cool an adsorption cooler for approx. 130 watt hours save losslessly over any period of time. After opening the This quantity of refrigeration is immediately available to the valve.
  • Zeolite is a crystalline mineral that consists of a regular framework structure made of silicon and aluminum oxides. This scaffold structure contains cavities in which water molecules release heat can be sorbed. The water molecules are inside the structure exposed to strong field forces, the strength of which is already in the scaffolding structure amount of water contained and the temperature of the zeolite depends. For up to 25 grams of water can be used per 100 grams of zeolite be sorbed. Zeolites are solid substances with no annoying thermal expansion the sorption or desorption reaction. The scaffolding structure is from all sides for the water vapor molecules freely accessible. Adsorption devices are therefore Can be used in any position.
  • Some solid sorbents like zeolite, are stable enough to with no volume change also support external overpressures in thin-walled container walls can. Additional stiffeners or thick-walled heat exchanger surfaces are therefore not necessary. Because when using water as a working fluid, the sorption device is under vacuum and there are no gases for the entire functional life If the system should penetrate, vacuum-tight components must be used. For The manual actuation of the valve has bushings through metal bellows sealed, proven.
  • zeolite temperatures are from 250 to 350 ° C for regeneration and from 30 to 50 ° C for sorption recommended. It is particularly advantageous to use the regeneration with a hot air stream Air temperatures above 300 ° C. If the zeolite filling is in a thin Layer is arranged, the regeneration can be completed within an hour his. It is important to ensure that there is sufficient air flow around the evaporator, the condensation temperatures remain below 100 ° C. At higher temperatures, the internal pressure of the container would be greater than the external one Air pressure and thin-walled container structures are inevitably inflated.
  • the use of water as a working tool allows the necessary Reduce regulatory effort to a minimum.
  • water evaporates under vacuum the water surface cools to 0 ° C and freezes as it continues Evaporation to ice.
  • the layer of ice can advantageously be used to regulate the air temperature be used. With little heat given off to the air flow grows the layer of ice melts when it is very large.
  • the aqueous working fluid can also freezing point lowering substances can be added if the boiling temperature the liquid should be lowered below 0 ° C.
  • the adsorption refrigerator is particularly suitable for mobile applications, where no external drive power is available.
  • the to operate the According to the invention fan energy is stored in a battery. This can be recharged using a charger during the desorption phase.
  • the fans are only put into operation if the desired cooling temperature in the interior of the cooling container is exceeded. When the cooling temperature is reached or fallen below, the fan, which conveys air through the Sorber container, is also switched off.
  • the temperatures of the air streams exiting the evaporator heat exchanger can be regulated via a throttle function of the valve according to known methods become.
  • the air temperature can also be independent of the throttle function be managed.
  • the outlet temperature of the air flow from the evaporator can lower the air flow through the sorbent heat exchanger increase. Since that is always the case with the valve open thermodynamic equilibrium has a lowering of the sorbent temperature a reduction in the evaporation temperature. The one out The air flow exiting the evaporator is therefore inevitably colder.
  • valve it is also sensible to design the valve as a check valve.
  • the regeneration can also be carried out with the valve closed.
  • the working fluid vapor flowing out of the sorbent opens automatically the check valve to condense in the evaporator. Since the valve for Desorption does not have to be opened, it must be at the end of the regeneration phase are also not actively closed. This is for safe and easy handling the sorption device of great advantage.
  • FIG. 1 a cooling container according to the invention Adsorption cooling device in a schematic and sectional representation.
  • a mobile, insulated cooling container 1 contains, arranged on the ceiling, an evaporator 2, via a working fluid vapor line 3 and one Check valve 4 is connected to a Sorber container 5.
  • Both sorber containers 5 and evaporator 2 consist of plate-shaped heat exchanger arrangements.
  • the Sorber heat exchanger consists of three plates 6, which contain the sorbent Zeolite 7 included.
  • the zeolite filling is in the form of prefabricated Shaped body plates introduced, in which also for the flow of the working fluid vapor necessary distribution structure is incorporated. Between the plates 6, two electrical heating elements 8 are arranged, via which the air gaps can be heated between the plates 6 and thus also the plates 6 themselves.
  • the sorber container 5 is of a thermally insulated flow housing 9 enclosed by a sorber fan 10 after desorption and at times promotes ambient air during the sorption phase.
  • the Sorber fan 10 is just like an evaporator fan 12, during the sorption phase of a battery 11 fed.
  • the evaporator fan 12 circulates during the sorption phase the air to be cooled in the interior of the cooling container 1 along with arrows Marked ways on the evaporator 2, the air baffle 14 from the interior is shielded.
  • a temperature sensor 15 monitors the temperature of the Interior.
  • the evaporator 2 is constructed from two flat profile plates 13, in their interior support elements and a fleece distributing the working fluid ensure that the profile plates 13 do not implode and the work equipment can evaporate evenly.
  • a safety device 17 reports one (not control) whether the door 18 is open or closed.
  • the operation of the refrigerated container can be divided into one desorption phase and one Divide the sorption phase.
  • the two electrical heating elements 8 are in Business. With increasing zeolite temperatures, more and more water vapor is released the zeolite 7 evaporated. The rising steam pressure opens the check valve 4 and the working fluid vapor flows into the evaporator 2 to condense there. The heat of condensation is dissipated to the air flow that the Evaporator fan 12 promotes the profile plates 13. So that the temperature in the The interior of the cooling container must not become too high during the desorption phase the door 18 of the container remains open. This is done by the security device 17 monitors. With the door closed and when the container temperature at the temperature sensor 15 exceeds an upper limit, the Electric heating elements 8 are not activated or deactivated.
  • the cooling container 1 is connected to the fixed power grid, via which the electrical heating elements 8 are supplied. At the same time the battery 11 is charged. At the end of the desorption phase, the Zeolite filling stopped and the Sorber fan 10 started up. The Sorber container 5 cools down to ambient temperature. About that automatically closed check valve 4, however, can no steam from the evaporator 2 flow back.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
EP03027170A 2003-01-28 2003-11-27 Conteneur réfrigéré avec une machine frigorifique à absorption Withdrawn EP1443288A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10303292 2003-01-28
DE10303292A DE10303292A1 (de) 2003-01-28 2003-01-28 Kühl-Container mit Adsorptions-Kühlapparat

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1443288A2 true EP1443288A2 (fr) 2004-08-04

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EP03027170A Withdrawn EP1443288A2 (fr) 2003-01-28 2003-11-27 Conteneur réfrigéré avec une machine frigorifique à absorption

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US7213403B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1443288A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2004233039A (fr)
DE (1) DE10303292A1 (fr)

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WO2016091627A1 (fr) * 2014-12-10 2016-06-16 Mahle International Gmbh Module de sorption

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US10941971B2 (en) 2013-03-29 2021-03-09 Tokitae Llc Temperature-controlled portable cooling units
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EP3952815B1 (fr) * 2019-05-31 2025-09-24 Gobi Technologies Inc. Système de régulation thermique
US20210310711A1 (en) 2019-05-31 2021-10-07 Gobi Technologies Inc. Temperature-controlled sorption system
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US11913362B2 (en) 2020-11-30 2024-02-27 Rondo Energy, Inc. Thermal energy storage system coupled with steam cracking system
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TR2025019634U5 (tr) 2023-04-14 2025-12-22 Rondo Energy Inc Isil enerji̇ depolama bloklari ve i̇li̇şki̇li̇ destek yapilari
US12618343B2 (en) 2023-10-13 2026-05-05 Rondo Energy, Inc. Thermal energy storage system with a heat pump for improved efficiency
CN117759869B (zh) * 2023-12-21 2026-02-06 科安涿鹿技术装备有限公司 带压容器安全连锁装置
WO2025226989A2 (fr) 2024-04-24 2025-10-30 Rondo Energy, Inc. Système de stockage d'énergie thermique pour génération d'énergie de cycle simple et combinée
US12595973B2 (en) 2024-05-24 2026-04-07 Rondo Energy, Inc. Thermal energy storage system with high efficiency heater control
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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016091627A1 (fr) * 2014-12-10 2016-06-16 Mahle International Gmbh Module de sorption
US10203137B2 (en) 2014-12-10 2019-02-12 Mahle International Gmbh Sorption module

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2004233039A (ja) 2004-08-19
DE10303292A1 (de) 2004-07-29
US20040211215A1 (en) 2004-10-28
US7213403B2 (en) 2007-05-08

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