EP1450111B1 - Procédé pour determiner une demande de chaleur et dispositif de chauffage pour mettre ledit procédé en oeuvre - Google Patents
Procédé pour determiner une demande de chaleur et dispositif de chauffage pour mettre ledit procédé en oeuvre Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1450111B1 EP1450111B1 EP03027441A EP03027441A EP1450111B1 EP 1450111 B1 EP1450111 B1 EP 1450111B1 EP 03027441 A EP03027441 A EP 03027441A EP 03027441 A EP03027441 A EP 03027441A EP 1450111 B1 EP1450111 B1 EP 1450111B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- circuit
- temperature
- hot water
- heat exchanger
- heat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 78
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002308 calcification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002431 foraging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003809 water extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1066—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for the combination of central heating and domestic hot water
- F24D19/1081—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for the combination of central heating and domestic hot water counting of energy consumption
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
- F24H15/144—Measuring or calculating energy consumption
- F24H15/148—Assessing the current energy consumption
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
- F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
- F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
- F24H15/219—Temperature of the water after heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
- F24H15/305—Control of valves
- F24H15/32—Control of valves of switching valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
- F24H15/355—Control of heat-generating means in heaters
- F24H15/36—Control of heat-generating means in heaters of burners
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for determining a current heat demand of a hot water circuit, in particular a hot water supply system of a building.
- the invention also relates to a heating device for heating such a hot water circuit, which is suitable for carrying out such a method.
- a hot water circuit can be heated by means of a heater, for example, characterized in that the heating means by means of a first heat exchanger heats a coupling liquid circuit, which in turn heats the hot water circuit via a second heat exchanger.
- the hot water removed from the hot water always has a predetermined hot water temperature.
- the hot water requirement is not constant, but rather can be subject to strong fluctuations, there is a need to operate the heater so that is warmed at variierdendem hot water demand of the hot water circuit always about the same desired hot water temperature.
- a current heat demand of the Hot water circuit is required because this specifies the heat energy that must be introduced by the heater in the hot water circuit in order to achieve the desired hot water temperature can.
- From DE 198 34 742 A1 discloses a method for controlling the heat transfer to heat exchangers is known, in which the delivery rate, ie usually the speed of the pump, is regulated according to the heat quantity detected in the same circulation system per time as the primary reference variable.
- the delivery rate is controlled so that the amount of heat transferred per unit time forms a maximum. In this way, the efficiency of a heat exchanger should be improved even with different heat and heat consumption.
- the current heat demand of the hot water circuit can be determined, for example, based on the current volume flow in the hot water circuit.
- the required for determining the current flow meters or sensors are relatively expensive. There is therefore a need for a low-cost solution.
- the present invention according to the independent claims has the advantage that the current heat demand of the hot water circuit without knowing the current volume flow in the hot water circuit can be determined from suitable temperatures. Since temperature sensors are significantly cheaper than Volumenstrommeß wornen, resulting in the present invention, a significant cost advantage.
- a first temperature in the coupling fluid circuit at an inlet of the second heat exchanger and a second temperature in the coupling fluid circuit at an outlet of the second heat exchanger are used to determine the current heat demand. From these temperatures can be determined by subtraction and / or averaging the output from the coupling cooling circuit to the second heat exchanger heat, which corresponds apart from efficiency losses of introduced into the hot water circuit heat.
- the invention uses the recognition that a pump, which serves to drive the liquid in the coupling liquid circuit, is operated constantly. This always results in a constant relationship between the temperature change of the coupling liquid circuit in the flow through the second heat exchanger on the one hand and the current heat demand of the hot water circuit on the other.
- This relationship can, for example, be taken into account computationally and / or according to the characteristic field in order to arrive at a value from the measured temperatures which corresponds to or correlates with the current heat requirement.
- This value can then form a parameter for actuating the heating device in the form of a corresponding signal, so that it is possible to actuate the heating device as a function of the current heat requirement.
- This feedback which can be performed permanently or periodically with uniform or irregular intervals, then results in a closed control loop, which has a quasi-indirect effect on the temperature control of the hot water circuit.
- the temperature control is adapted in the sense of a regulation. Aging phenomena of the heater can thus be compensated for particularly elegant.
- the sole FIGURE 1 shows a circuit diagram-like schematic diagram of a heating device according to the invention.
- a heating device 1 comprises a burner 2, the combustion chamber 3 of which is coupled to transfer heat to a first heat exchanger 4 is.
- the first heat exchanger 4 is incorporated in a coupling liquid circuit 5 and thus can be flowed through by a coupling liquid.
- a second heat exchanger 6 is also involved, to which also a hot water circuit 7, for example, a hot water supply system of a building, not shown, is connected. Accordingly, the second heat exchanger 6 on the one hand by the coupling liquid of the coupling liquid circuit 5 and on the other hand by the water of the hot water circuit 7 can be flowed through.
- the coupling liquid circuit 5 may be formed by a partial circle of a heating circuit 8 for heating this building. If the coupling liquid circuit 5 is a partial circuit of the heating circuit 8, in particular a central heating system, a coupling branch 9 of the coupling liquid circuit 5 connects a supply line 10 of the heating circuit 8 coming from the first heat exchanger 4 to a return flow 11 of the first heat exchanger 4 Heating circuit 8. In this coupling branch 9, the second heat exchanger 6 is then arranged. With the aid of a switching valve 12, the liquid flow through the heating circuit 8 and through the coupling branch 9 can be adjusted. For actuating the switching valve 12, a servomotor 13 is provided here.
- the heating circuit 8 or the coupling fluid circuit 5 contains a pump 14.
- a first temperature sensor 15 is arranged in the coupling liquid circuit 5, which measures a momentary first temperature t 1 of the coupling liquid. Assuming that no or only a negligible heat loss occurs from the first heat exchanger 4 to the second heat exchanger 6, the first temperature t 1 measured by the first temperature sensor 15 corresponds to the temperature which the coupling liquid has at an inlet 16 of the second heat exchanger 6.
- a second temperature sensor 17 is arranged in the coupling branch 9, which measures a second temperature t 2 of the coupling liquid downstream of the second heat exchanger 6 and upstream of the return 11. This second temperature t 2 corresponds to that temperature which has the coupling liquid at an outlet 18 of the second heat exchanger 6.
- the heating device 1 can also have a third temperature sensor 19, which is arranged in the hot water circuit 7 downstream of the second heat exchanger 6 and upstream of subsequent heat consumers. Accordingly, the third temperature sensor measures a third temperature t 3 , which prevails in the hot water circuit 7 at a further outlet 20 of the second heat exchanger 6.
- the heater 1 further comprises a controller 21 for operating the pump 14, the burner 2 and the switching valve 12 and the actuator 13.
- the controller 21 is connected to the temperature sensors 15,17,19. Corresponding control lines and signal lines are symbolized by broken lines.
- the controller 21 is configured in the present invention such that It can determine a current heat demand of the hot water circuit 7 on the basis of the first temperature t 1 and the second temperature t 2 . Depending on this heat demand, the controller 21 can then operate the burner 2 in a suitable manner. The aim of this control is to set a desired hot water temperature, which corresponds to the third temperature t 3 .
- the heating device 1 operates as follows:
- the first temperature t 1 and the second temperature t 2 are approximately equal.
- the hot water circuit 7 has to deliver hot water or heat
- relatively cold water is supplied in the second heat exchanger 6 via the hot water circuit 7, which is to be heated to the desired hot water temperature. Due to the temperature difference, the second heat exchanger 6 can now transfer heat from the coupling liquid circuit 5 to the hot water circuit 7.
- This temperature drop is a measure of the heat demand of the hot water circuit 7.
- the said temperature change can determine the controller 21 with the aid of the first temperature sensor 15 and the second temperature sensor 17.
- the controller 21 may, for example, a difference between the first temperature t 1 and the second temperature t 2 determine. Alternatively or additionally, the controller 21 may determine an average of the measured temperatures t 1 and t 2 .
- the controller 21 can calculate the current heat demand, for example by means of a suitable calculation formula, or determine it on the basis of characteristic diagrams.
- the controller 21 thus determines from the two temperatures t 1 and t 2 a size that correlates with the current temperature requirement of the hot water circuit 7. Since the controller 21 also knows the instantaneous heat output of the burner 2 and possibly the instantaneous heat demand of the heating circuit 8, the controller 21 by a corresponding operation of the burner 2 and / or the changeover valve 12 (or the servomotor 13), the heat output of the burner.
- the desired hot water temperature forms a predetermined setpoint, resulting, for example, comfort, ecology and economics requirements.
- the heater 1 is exposed during its lifetime aging.
- various parameters of the burner 2, the combustion chamber 3, the heat exchanger 4,6 and also the sensors 15,17 can change.
- the third temperature sensor 19 is now provided.
- the third temperature t 3 can be determined, which represents an actual value for the actually reached hot water temperature.
- the controller 21 can therefore carry out a desired-actual comparison and evaluate any deviation that may occur and use it to correct its control signals, thereby adapting the mode of operation of the heating device 1 to compensate for aging phenomena.
- the controller 21 will determine a correction factor for the current heat demand of the hot water circuit 7 based on the target-actual deviation.
- the intervention in the control concept of the heating device 1 can be kept as small as possible.
- the third temperature sensor 19 used here is not exposed to the same signs of aging as the temperature sensors 15 and 17 of the coupling fluid circuit 5. Accordingly, the third temperature t 3 determined by the third temperature sensor 19 can be used as the reference variable. Incidentally, the age-related measured value deviations of the temperature sensors 15,17,19 anyway very small and usually negligible.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Claims (8)
- Procédé pour déterminer les besoins actuels en chaleur d'un circuit d'eau chaude (7), en particulier d'une installation d'alimentation en eau chaude d'un bâtiment- un dispositif de chauffage (1) transmettant, en fonction des besoins actuels en chaleur du circuit d'eau chaude (7), de la chaleur au moyen d'un premier échangeur de chaleur (4) à un circuit de liquide d'accouplement (5), lequel présente une pompe (14) et est couplé par la transmission de chaleur au circuit d'eau chaude (7) au moyen d'un second échangeur de chaleur (6),- les besoins en chaleur du circuit d'eau chaude (7) étant déterminés à l'aide d'une première température (t1) dans le circuit de chauffage de couplage (5) sur une entrée (16) du second échangeur de chaleur (6) et d'une seconde température (t2) dans le circuit de liquide de couplage (5) sur une sortie (18) du second échangeur de chaleur (6),caractérisé en ce que la pompe (14) est exploitée de façon constante.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que- les besoins actuels en chaleur du circuit d'eau chaude (7) sont déterminés à partir d'une différence de la première température (t1) et de la seconde température (t2) et/ou à partir d'une valeur moyenne provenant de la première température (t1) et de la seconde température (t2) et/ou- en ce que les besoins actuels en chaleur du circuit d'eau chaude (7) sont déterminés à l'aide de la première température (t1) et de la seconde température (t2) par calcul et/ou à partir de champs caractéristiques.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que- le dispositif de chauffage (1) génère en fonction des besoins actuels en chaleur du circuit d'eau chaude (7) génère suffisamment de chaleur pour que, dans le circuit d'eau chaude (7), sur une sortie (20) du second échangeur de chaleur (6), il s'établit une troisième température (t3) qui doit présenter une valeur de consigne prédéfinie,- en ce que, par la mesure de la troisième température (t3) sa valeur actuelle est déterminée et est comparée avec la valeur prévue souhaitée,- en ce qu'un facteur de correction est déterminé pour les besoins actuels en chaleur en fonction d'un écart prévu-réel.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que- le circuit de liquide de couplage (5) est formé par un circuit partiel d'un circuit de chauffage (8), en particulier un chauffage central de bâtiment,- en ce que le circuit de chauffage (8) peut être chauffé par le dispositif de chauffage (1) au moyen du premier échangeur de chaleur (4),- en ce qu'une branche de couplage (9) du circuit de liquide de couplage (5) relie une branche aller (10) du circuit de chauffage (8) à travers le second échangeur de chaleur (6) à une branche retour (11) du circuit de chauffage (8).
- Dispositif de chauffage destiné à chauffer un circuit d'eau chaude (7), en particulier une installation d'alimentation en eau chaude d'un bâtiment, comprenant- un premier échangeur de chaleur (4), qui transmet la chaleur générée par le dispositif de chauffage (1) à un circuit de liquide de couplage (5),- un second échangeur de chaleur (6), qui couple le circuit de couplage de liquide (5) par transmission de chaleur au circuit d'eau chaude (7),- un premier capteur de température (15), qui mesure une première température (t1) régnant dans le circuit de liquide de couplage (5) sur une entrée (16) du second échangeur de chaleur (6),- un second capteur de température (17), qui mesure une seconde température (t2) régnant dans le circuit de liquide de couplage (5) sur une sortie (18) du second échangeur de chaleur (6),- une pompe (14) dans le circuit de liquide de couplage,- une commande (21) qui est reliée au premier capteur de température (15) et au second capteur de température (17), détermine les besoins actuels en chaleur du circuit d'eau chaude (7) à l'aide de la première température (t1) et de la seconde température (t2) et actionne le dispositif de chauffage (1) en fonction de ces besoins actuels en chaleur, caractérisé en ce que la pompe (14) est exploitée de façon constante.
- Dispositif de chauffage selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que- la commande (21) détermine les besoins actuels en chaleur du circuit d'eau chaude (7) à partir d'une différence entre la première température (t1) et la seconde température (t2) et/ou à partir d'une valeur moyenne résultant de la première température (t1) et de la seconde température (t2),- en ce que la commande (21) détermine les besoins actuels en chaleur du circuit d'eau (7) à l'aide de la première température (t1) et de la seconde température (t2) par calcul et/ou à partir de champs caractéristiques.
- Dispositif de chauffage selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que- la commande (21) est reliée à un troisième capteur de température (19), qui mesure une troisième température (t3) régnant dans le circuit d'eau chaude (7) sur une sortie (20) du second échangeur de chaleur (6),- en ce que le dispositif de chauffage (1) génère en fonction des besoins actuels en chaleur du circuit d'eau chaude (7) tellement de chaleur que, dans le circuit d'eau chaude (7) à la sortie (20) du second échangeur de chaleur (6), il s'établit une température qui doit présenter une valeur de consigne prédéfinie ;- en ce que la commande (21) détermine la valeur réelle actuelle par la mesure de la troisième température (t3) et la compare avec la valeur prévue souhaitée,- en ce que la commande (21) détermine en fonction d'un écart prévu-réel un facteur de correction pour les besoins actuels en chaleur du circuit d'eau (7).
- Dispositif de chauffage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 7, caractérisé en ce que- le circuit de liquide de couplage (5) est formé par un circuit partiel d'un circuit de chauffage (8), en particulier un chauffage central de bâtiment,- en ce que le circuit de chauffage (8) peut être chauffé par le dispositif de chauffage (1), au moyen du premier échangeur de chaleur (4),- en ce qu'une branche de couplage (9) du circuit de liquide de couplage (5) relie un branchement aller (10) du circuit de chauffage (8) par le second échangeur de chaleur (6) à une branche retour (11) du circuit de chauffage (8).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10306703 | 2003-02-18 | ||
| DE10306703A DE10306703A1 (de) | 2003-02-18 | 2003-02-18 | Verfahren zur Bestimmung eines Wärmebedarfs und Heizeinrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1450111A2 EP1450111A2 (fr) | 2004-08-25 |
| EP1450111A3 EP1450111A3 (fr) | 2005-01-19 |
| EP1450111B1 true EP1450111B1 (fr) | 2007-05-09 |
Family
ID=32731032
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP03027441A Expired - Lifetime EP1450111B1 (fr) | 2003-02-18 | 2003-12-01 | Procédé pour determiner une demande de chaleur et dispositif de chauffage pour mettre ledit procédé en oeuvre |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1450111B1 (fr) |
| DE (2) | DE10306703A1 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2285028T3 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021200834A1 (de) | 2021-01-29 | 2022-08-04 | Viessmann Climate Solutions Se | Heizungsanlage und verfahren zum betreiben einer heizungsanlage |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19613744A1 (de) * | 1995-04-01 | 1996-12-12 | Vaillant Joh Gmbh & Co | Steuer- oder Regelvorrichtung für einen Wasserheizer |
| AT403857B (de) * | 1995-07-14 | 1998-06-25 | Vaillant Gmbh | Verfahren zur steuerung einer umlaufpumpe |
| DE19834742A1 (de) * | 1998-08-01 | 2000-02-17 | Veh Solar Und Energiesysteme C | Verfahren und Anlagensystem zur Regelung der Wärmeübergabe an Wärmetauschern |
-
2003
- 2003-02-18 DE DE10306703A patent/DE10306703A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-12-01 ES ES03027441T patent/ES2285028T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-01 EP EP03027441A patent/EP1450111B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-01 DE DE50307234T patent/DE50307234D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE10306703A1 (de) | 2004-08-26 |
| DE50307234D1 (de) | 2007-06-21 |
| EP1450111A3 (fr) | 2005-01-19 |
| ES2285028T3 (es) | 2007-11-16 |
| EP1450111A2 (fr) | 2004-08-25 |
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