EP1454762A1 - Verfahren zur Dekoration eines Flachelementes und dekoriertes Flachelement - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Dekoration eines Flachelementes und dekoriertes Flachelement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1454762A1
EP1454762A1 EP04005228A EP04005228A EP1454762A1 EP 1454762 A1 EP1454762 A1 EP 1454762A1 EP 04005228 A EP04005228 A EP 04005228A EP 04005228 A EP04005228 A EP 04005228A EP 1454762 A1 EP1454762 A1 EP 1454762A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lamina
decorative
flat element
decorating
protective layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04005228A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Giancarlo Fenzi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Comital SpA
Original Assignee
Comital SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Comital SpA filed Critical Comital SpA
Publication of EP1454762A1 publication Critical patent/EP1454762A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C3/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing ornamental structures
    • B44C3/12—Uniting ornamental elements to structures, e.g. mosaic plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/10—Applying flat materials, e.g. leaflets, pieces of fabrics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/16—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like
    • B44C1/165—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like for decalcomanias; sheet material therefor
    • B44C1/17—Dry transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C5/00—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
    • B44C5/04—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers
    • B44C5/0415—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers containing metallic elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C5/00—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
    • B44C5/04—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers
    • B44C5/0446—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers bearing graphical information

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of decorating a flat element, in particular a floor element, and a flat decorated element.
  • a raised floor sometimes also called a floating floor, consists of: column supports, of adjustable length, which rest on the surface to be paved; a weight-bearing structure, for example a reticulated structure, consisting of beams arranged according to a flat net having generally square meshes, supported at the nodes of the meshes by the column supports; panels, generally square and of a size substantially analogous to the size of the meshes, resting on or fixed to the beams of the weight-bearing structure at the perimeter edges of each panel; a top cladding that covers each panel and performs several functions, including that of giving the desired appearance to the floor.
  • top cladding such as PVC, linoleum, rubber, carpet, laminate, wood, ceramics, marble, granite or cement or resin agglomerate.
  • the panels comprise a bottom lamina which is rested on the weight-bearing structure, a central body arranged on the bottom lamina and possibly a further metallic lamina that acts as a base plane for the top cladding.
  • One disadvantage of the prior-art panels is that, in order to obtain a desired appearance, onto each panel a cladding element must be glued made of a material having the desired appearance.
  • the process of manufacturing the clad panel is therefore complex and expensive.
  • the manufacturer in order to be able to manufacture clad panels of various types, the manufacturer must use cladding elements of various materials and fix them to the base panel by means of adhesives and with applying methods that depend on the material of the cladding element.
  • a manufacturer of clad panels must therefore have a warehouse supplied with many adhesives that are different from one another and use machines and equipment that are specially dedicated to preparing and applying each adhesive.
  • Another disadvantage is that in order to obtain clad panels having a standardised thickness, it is necessary to use, in combination with each type of cladding element, a special type of panel conformation.
  • the thickness of the panel or the presence and type of lamina that covers the central body varies according to the chosen top cladding element. For example, the central body has low thickness when it has to be clad with a marble slab and has high thickness when it has to be covered with a rubber cladding element.
  • the cladding element causes a significant increase in the weight of the panel, particularly when said element is made from a material with a high specific weight such as marble or agglomerates. This complicates the operations of transport and maintenance of the panel.
  • a further disadvantage is that certain types of cladding elements such as linoleum, PVC, carpets and wood are flammable and when they burn they produce an enormous quantity of smoke; therefore, in the event of a fire, said cladding elements, by burning, cause the escape routes to be obscured and people to be possibly asphyxiated or intoxicated.
  • An object of the invention is to improve the methods of decorating panels, in particular floor elements.
  • a further object is to provide a method of decorating flat elements that enables a wide range of decorations to be obtained.
  • a still further object is to simplify and make more versatile the production systems of flat elements, particularly those intended to be used in raised floors.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a flat element, in particular for floors, having a non-corrodible surface that is easily cleanable and washable with common detergents, having good resistance against fire and which does not require maintenance.
  • a method of decorating a flat element characterised in that said decorating comprises transferring decorative means from support means to lamina means of said flat element.
  • the decorative means comprises a decal.
  • the decorative means comprises a sublimable decoration.
  • the weight of the flat element is reduced in relation to a flat element provided with a known cladding element and the operations of transporting the flat element are simplified and less costly.
  • the decorative means produces a quantity of fumes or toxic substances that is much less than that occurring during the combustion of a carpet or of a linoleum cladding element.
  • a flat element comprising lamina means on which decorative means is arranged, characterised in that said decorative means is free of cladding elements glued to said lamina means.
  • a raised floor 101 comprising column supports 102, which rest on the ground 103 to be paved, and a weight-bearing structure 104, composed of section bars 105 so arranged as to form a flat net with square meshes.
  • the weight-bearing structure 104 is supported at the nodes of the mesh by the column supports 102.
  • the raised floor 101 further comprises square panels 106 arranged in rows adjacent to one another, resting along their perimeter edge on the meshes of the weight-bearing structure 104.
  • Each panel 106 comprises a top cladding 107 which defines the appearance of the floor.
  • some panels 106 which are moved by suction cup means 108, still have to be positioned to complete the floor.
  • each known panel 106 consists of a bottom lamina 109 intended to rest on the weight-bearing structure 104, a central body 110 arranged on the lamina 109 and a metallic lamina 111, for example a galvanised sheet metal, that acts as a base plane for the top cladding 107.
  • the top cladding 107 may be of various types of material such as PVC, linoleum, rubber, carpet, laminate, wood, ceramics, marble, granite or cement or resin agglomerate and is fixed to the metallic lamina 111 by means of suitable adhesives or by exploiting the cohesive properties of the cladding (for example in the case of cement or resin agglomerate).
  • Figure 3 shows a flat element according to the invention, for example a floor element 1, intended to be installed on a weight-bearing structure of a raised floor, for example of the type shown in Figure 1.
  • the decorative pattern on the floor element 1 may be complex and multicoloured as desired and may reproduce the veining of wood or the appearance of marble or granite or natural rock.
  • the floor element 1 comprises a central body 3, possibly a base lamina 2 and a top lamina 4.
  • the base lamina 2 may be a sheet of aluminium or laminated plastic or galvanised metal or stainless steel.
  • the central body 3 may be an agglomerate of cellulose fibres of wood, or of calcium sulphate or of calcium silicate.
  • the top lamina 4 may be made of metallic material, and may comprise for example a sheet of galvanised or stainless steel.
  • the base lamina 2 may be shaped like a tray, provided with side walls 5 suitable for containing the central body 3.
  • the side walls 5 are obtained by bending by about 90° the edge zones of the sheet metal that forms the base lamina.
  • the top lamina 4 may be shaped as a cover or it may have side edges 6 obtained by bending by an angle of about 90° the strips obtained on the sides of the sheet metal that forms the top lamina 4.
  • the cover has a perimeter that is slightly greater than the perimeter of the tray and is arranged on the central body 3 in such a way that the side edges 6 extend from the top lamina 4 to the central body 3.
  • the side walls 5 of the tray extend from the base lamina 2 towards the central body 3.
  • the tray and cover are reciprocally arranged in such a way as to give the floor element 1 the appearance of a box closed by a cover.
  • the tray and cover are both firmly anchored on the central body 3, for example by gluing.
  • An alternative structure, which is not shown, of the floor element 1 comprises the central body 3, the top lamina 4, possibly the base lamina 2, and side walls covered by strips, each strip having a length equal to the length of the respective edge of the floor element and a height that is about the same as the thickness of the floor element.
  • the strips are fixed or glued to the side walls.
  • the strips may be of plastic material of various colours.
  • the decoration 8 may comprise a base layer 9 in contact with the top lamina 4.
  • the base layer 9 defines the base colour of the desired final decoration.
  • the base layer 9 further improves adhesion of the subsequent layers to the top lamina 4.
  • the manufacturer of decorated floor elements 1 may apply the base layer 9 on the top lamina 4, or may purchase floor elements 1 provided with top laminas 4 on which the respective base layer 9 has already been applied.
  • the top lamina 4 is for example obtained from a sheet metal in the form of a strip continuously prepainted by means of a suitable system.
  • the base layer 9 may be absent if the colouring of the top lamina 4 already corresponds to the desired base colour.
  • the base layer 9 may comprise a thermosetting base paint, which uniformly covers the whole top lamina 4 and which becomes anchored to the top lamina 4 after setting.
  • the base paint can be applied onto the top lamina 4 in liquid form by means of a spray or roller device. Subsequently, the base paint freely polymerises in air, possibly with the help of a catalyst, or in a suitable heating apparatus within which the element 1 is subjected to a time-temperature cycle that causes complete firing of the base layer 9.
  • the base paint may also be applied onto the top lamina 4 in powder form by means of known methods, for example of electrostatic or spray type. In this case, the powder softens and polymerises in a suitable heating apparatus. The powder may also be exposed firstly to infrared rays which soften it and then to ultraviolet rays which polymerise it.
  • a decorative layer 10 is then applied by means of a transfer technique.
  • the decorative layer 10 may be applied by means of the decorating apparatus 12 shown in Figure 6.
  • the decorating apparatus 12 comprises an unwinding roller 13 that unwinds from a reel 14 a transfer support 15.
  • the transfer support 15 may comprise a film, for example made of polypropylene, on which the decorative pattern 16 to be transferred onto the surface of the floor element 1 has been printed.
  • the decorating apparatus 12 further comprises a winding roller 17 that winds onto a further reel 18 the exhausted transfer support 15, i.e. the transfer support free of the decorative pattern 16 which has already been transferred onto the floor element 1.
  • a pressing drum 19 is provided for pressing the transfer support 15 against the surface to be decorated.
  • a supporting device comprising for example a supporting roller 20, supports the floor element 1 when the pressing drum 19 presses the transfer support 15 against the floor element 1.
  • the decorative pattern 16 may comprise a decal previously printed on the transfer support 15 by means of known printing techniques, such as gravure or silkscreen printing, the decal being suitable for being transferred onto the floor element 1 by means of heat and pressure.
  • the decal is transferred onto the floor element 1 by applying temperatures comprised between about 50°C and about 150°C.
  • the decorative pattern 16 may comprise a sublimable decoration that is transferred onto the floor element 1 by means of sublimation when heat and pressure are applied.
  • the temperature at which the sublimable decoration is transferred onto the floor element 1 is between about 130°C and about 220°C.
  • Decals are particularly suitable for floor elements 1 made of materials that cannot be exposed to high temperature, as may happen to certain adhesives or glues used between the central body 3 and the top lamina 4 or the base lamina 2.
  • the unwinding roller 13, the winding roller 17 and the pressing drum 19 have respective rotation axes which are substantially parallel to one another and rotate in the same direction.
  • the transfer support 15 When the rollers 13 and 17 and the drum 19 rotate, the transfer support 15 unwinds from the reel 14 and rewinds around the further reel 18.
  • the transfer support 15 is maintained in a substantially taut configuration by the drum 19 arranged in a roughly intermediate position along the path of the transfer support 15.
  • the pressing drum 19 exerts a pressure on the surface of the floor element 1 as shown by the arrow P, thereby allowing the decorative pattern 16 to be transferred from the transfer support 15 to the surface of the floor element 1, to form the decorative layer 10.
  • the pressing drum 19 is heated.
  • the supporting roller 20 can be heated.
  • the floor element 1 is conveyed along an advance direction A towards the pressing drum 19 by a conveying device arranged below the pressing drum 19.
  • the conveying device may comprise a roller conveyor 23.
  • a transparent and highly viscous liquid varnish 21 may be applied onto the decorative layer 10 by means of a curtain coating device 22.
  • the varnish 21 forms a protective layer 11 for the decoration 8.
  • the protective layer 11, shown in Figure 5, can also be applied by means of roller or spray devices.
  • the liquid varnish 21 may be capable of polymerising when subjected to ultraviolet radiation that activates photoinitiators possibly included in the liquid varnish 21. Polymerisation of the protective layer 11 is a rapid reaction that occurs by inserting the floor element 1 into a UV kiln.
  • the protective layer 11 can also be applied in powder form.
  • the floor element 1 may be preheated at temperatures of between approximately 30°C and approximately 100°C with an infrared lamp, or in a suitable kiln.

Landscapes

  • Floor Finish (AREA)
EP04005228A 2003-03-06 2004-03-05 Verfahren zur Dekoration eines Flachelementes und dekoriertes Flachelement Withdrawn EP1454762A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000062A ITMO20030062A1 (it) 2003-03-06 2003-03-06 Metodo per decorare un elemento piano ed elemento piano decorato.
ITMO20030062 2003-03-06

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1454762A1 true EP1454762A1 (de) 2004-09-08

Family

ID=27677367

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04005228A Withdrawn EP1454762A1 (de) 2003-03-06 2004-03-05 Verfahren zur Dekoration eines Flachelementes und dekoriertes Flachelement

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20040172903A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1454762A1 (de)
IT (1) ITMO20030062A1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2163398A1 (de) * 2008-09-12 2010-03-17 DeMaxZ AG Technik zum Aufbringen einer lösbar an einem Trägerfilm haftenden Dekorschicht auf ein Objekt
ITVR20090149A1 (it) * 2009-09-28 2011-03-29 Pozzani Davide Procedimento per la realizzazione di elementi di rivestimento per superfici murarie o pavimentali
WO2012175200A1 (de) * 2011-06-24 2012-12-27 Armstrong DLW GmbH Flächengebilde auf linoleum- oder korkment-basis mit sublimationsdruck

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2494201C2 (ru) * 2009-03-31 2013-09-27 Андрей Виленович Любомирский Облицовочная панель (варианты)
RU2494202C2 (ru) * 2009-03-31 2013-09-27 Андрей Виленович Любомирский Облицовочная панель (варианты)
US8915035B2 (en) * 2010-01-28 2014-12-23 Ripfloor Llc Floor tile designed for multiple tile images

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3642551A (en) * 1968-08-27 1972-02-15 Rodolfo L Laconich Process for decorating pottery
US4462853A (en) * 1982-09-27 1984-07-31 Armstrong World Industries, Inc. Transfer printing floor tile
GB2232638A (en) * 1989-06-10 1990-12-19 H & E Smith Limited Applying decalcomania to tiles
WO1997017309A1 (en) * 1995-11-08 1997-05-15 Marco Brighenti A process for making decorated ceramic tiles
US5989636A (en) * 1995-03-30 1999-11-23 Imagine Tile, Inc. Glazed ceramic floor tile having high-resolution image

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6592450B1 (en) * 2002-07-03 2003-07-15 Kim Jae-Won Access floor using special transfer paper

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3642551A (en) * 1968-08-27 1972-02-15 Rodolfo L Laconich Process for decorating pottery
US4462853A (en) * 1982-09-27 1984-07-31 Armstrong World Industries, Inc. Transfer printing floor tile
GB2232638A (en) * 1989-06-10 1990-12-19 H & E Smith Limited Applying decalcomania to tiles
US5989636A (en) * 1995-03-30 1999-11-23 Imagine Tile, Inc. Glazed ceramic floor tile having high-resolution image
WO1997017309A1 (en) * 1995-11-08 1997-05-15 Marco Brighenti A process for making decorated ceramic tiles

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2163398A1 (de) * 2008-09-12 2010-03-17 DeMaxZ AG Technik zum Aufbringen einer lösbar an einem Trägerfilm haftenden Dekorschicht auf ein Objekt
WO2010028857A1 (de) * 2008-09-12 2010-03-18 Demaxz Ag Verfahren zum aufbringen einer lösbar an einem trägerfilm haftenden dekorschicht auf profile und filmstruktur hierfür
ITVR20090149A1 (it) * 2009-09-28 2011-03-29 Pozzani Davide Procedimento per la realizzazione di elementi di rivestimento per superfici murarie o pavimentali
WO2012175200A1 (de) * 2011-06-24 2012-12-27 Armstrong DLW GmbH Flächengebilde auf linoleum- oder korkment-basis mit sublimationsdruck

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITMO20030062A1 (it) 2004-09-07
US20040172903A1 (en) 2004-09-09
ITMO20030062A0 (it) 2003-03-06

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