EP1540663A1 - Materiau de protection contre les rayonnements exempt de plomb comportant au moins deux couches presentant des proprietes de blindage differentes - Google Patents

Materiau de protection contre les rayonnements exempt de plomb comportant au moins deux couches presentant des proprietes de blindage differentes

Info

Publication number
EP1540663A1
EP1540663A1 EP04764811A EP04764811A EP1540663A1 EP 1540663 A1 EP1540663 A1 EP 1540663A1 EP 04764811 A EP04764811 A EP 04764811A EP 04764811 A EP04764811 A EP 04764811A EP 1540663 A1 EP1540663 A1 EP 1540663A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lead
radiation protection
material according
protection material
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04764811A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1540663B1 (fr
Inventor
Heinrich Eder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mavig GmbH
Original Assignee
Mavig GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102004001328A external-priority patent/DE102004001328A1/de
Application filed by Mavig GmbH filed Critical Mavig GmbH
Publication of EP1540663A1 publication Critical patent/EP1540663A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1540663B1 publication Critical patent/EP1540663B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F1/00—Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
    • G21F1/12—Laminated shielding materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F3/00—Shielding characterised by its physical form, e.g. granules, or shape of the material
    • G21F3/02—Clothing
    • G21F3/03—Aprons

Definitions

  • Lead-free radiation protection material with at least two layers of different shielding properties
  • the invention relates to a lead-free radiation protection material in the energy range of an X-ray tube with a voltage of 60 to 125 kV.
  • Conventional radiation protection clothing in X-ray diagnostics mostly contains lead or lead oxide as a protective material.
  • EP 0 371 699 A1 proposes a material which, in addition to a polymer as a matrix, also has elements of a higher atomic number. A large number of metals are mentioned.
  • DE 102 34 159 AI describes a lead replacement material for radiation protection purposes in the energy range of an X-ray tube with a voltage of 60 to 125 kV.
  • the degree of weakening or the lead equivalent (International Standard IEC 61331-1, Protective devices agäinst diagnostig medical X-radiation) of the respective material shows a sometimes very pronounced dependence on the radiation energy, which is a function of the voltage of the X-ray tube.
  • lead-free materials Compared to lead, lead-free materials have a partly very different absorption behavior depending on the X-ray energy. Therefore, an advantageous combination of different elements is required to simulate the absorption behavior of lead while maximizing weight saving.
  • Total lead equivalent in a protective layer-like structure of a lead substitute material means the lead equivalent of the sum of all protective layers.
  • Total nominal lead equivalent means the lead equivalent to be specified by the manufacturer for personal protective equipment in accordance with DIN EN 61331-3.
  • the mass attenuation coefficient of lead-free materials such as tin is at the average energy of the 60 kV spectrum, i.e. at around 25 keV, lower than that of lead.
  • the protective effect of the material is reduced by the generation of secondary radiation on the radiation exit side.
  • the dose build-up in the lead-free material should be kept as low as possible.
  • secondary radiation is excited in the material, which has a negative effect on the shielding effect of the material in the case of large radiation fields.
  • the excited fluorescence radiation is mostly responsible for the dose build-up.
  • the dose build-up is expressed numerically by the so-called build-up factor according to IEC 61331-1.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a lead-free radiation protection material which has small or only negligible amounts of secondary radiation over the energy range of an X-ray tube with a voltage of 60 to 125 kV and thus ensures an optimal shielding effect.
  • the object of the present invention is achieved with a lead-free radiation protection material according to claim 1.
  • the present invention relates to a lead-free radiation protection material in the energy range X-ray tube with a voltage of 60 to 125 kV with a layer structure of at least two layers with different shielding properties.
  • the invention further relates to radiation protection clothing made from the lead-free radiation protection material according to the invention.
  • the lead-free radiation protection material has at least two layers with different shielding properties.
  • the composition of the protective material in one layer is such that one layer alone does not achieve the desired properties with regard to the shielding effect, in particular over a larger energy range from 60 to 125 kV. Only the two layers together provide optimal shielding properties.
  • the layer structure of at least two layers of different shielding properties of the lead-free radiation protection material according to the invention is preferably composed of a secondary radiation layer and a barrier layer.
  • the secondary radiation layer converts a large part of the incident X-rays into secondary radiation, i.e. Fluorescence radiation, um.
  • the barrier layer blocks the fluorescent radiation which arises in the secondary radiation layer and itself only develops low secondary radiation.
  • the secondary radiation layer and the barrier layer as a layer structure have very good shielding properties when the lead-free radiation protection material according to the invention is processed into protective clothing.
  • the secondary radiation layer is then provided as a layer of protective clothing remote from the body.
  • the barrier layer which is arranged as a layer close to the body in the protective clothing, effectively blocks the layer formed in the secondary radiation layer
  • Fluorescent radiation towards the body ensures optimal shielding performance against X-rays.
  • FIG. 2 shows a sandwich structure of the lead-free radiation protection material according to the invention.
  • the lead-free radiation protection material is particularly suitable for the energy range of an X-ray tube with a voltage of 60 to 125 kV, preferably 60 to 100 kV, in particular 60 to 80 kV.
  • the secondary radiation layer comprises at least one element of the atomic numbers from 39 to 60 or a combination thereof.
  • a suitable element are tin, iodine, cesium, barium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium and compounds thereof. Tin or a mixture of tin and cerium are particularly preferred.
  • the secondary radiation layer can contain, for example, tin in an amount of 50 to 100% by weight.
  • the secondary radiation layer contains tin in an amount of 50 to 90% by weight and at least one further element and / or their compound (s) of atomic numbers from 39 to 60 in an amount of 10 to 50% by weight. %.
  • the barrier layer of the lead-free radiation protection material according to the invention comprises at least one element of atomic numbers greater than 71 (with the exception of lead) or a compound thereof.
  • the element is selected from bismuth, tungsten and compounds thereof. The use of bismuth is preferred. It has proven to be advantageous if the barrier layer contains tungsten in an amount of 0 to 30% by weight and / or bismuth in an amount of at least 30% by weight.
  • the barrier layer has an even better barrier effect against secondary radiation from the secondary radiation layer if it further comprises at least one element of atomic numbers 61 to 71 or compounds thereof.
  • the element is selected from the group erbium, holmium, dysprosium, terbium, gadolinium, europium, samarium, lutetium, ytterbium, thulium and compounds thereof.
  • the gadolinium or a compound thereof is particularly preferred.
  • Element of the group contains tantalum, hafnium, thorium, uranium and compounds thereof.
  • the proportion by weight of the further elements and / or their connections contained in the barrier layer can be up to 80% by weight.
  • the amount of the further element (s) and / or their compounds is preferably in a range from 20 to 70% by weight.
  • the at least two layers of the lead-free material according to the invention contain a matrix material in an amount of 0-12% by weight, preferably 2-10% by weight, in particular 4-8% by weight.
  • the matrix material effectively forms a carrier layer for the protective materials, in which they are dispersed in powder form.
  • a matrix material are rubber, latex, synthetic flexible or solid polymers and silicone materials.
  • the secondary radiation layer and / or the barrier layer of the lead-free radiation protection material according to the invention can preferably comprise at least one material-free layer.
  • the term "pure material layer” means a layer which, in addition to matrix material, only has one of the aforementioned elements and compounds thereof, i.e. contains a protective substance. In a preferred embodiment, these pure layers have less than 5% by weight of matrix material.
  • a protective substance or a combination of protective substances which is provided in separate material-pure layers has a substantially better protective effect, i.e. Shielding effect, has as a material in which all materials, e.g. B. are mixed as a powder.
  • the pure layers should be compressed to more than 75% by volume.
  • a compression of the pure layers to more than 90 vol .-% is particularly preferred.
  • the secondary radiation layer and / or the barrier layer comprise at least one pure material layer.
  • the secondary radiation layer is designed such that it contains elements of atomic numbers 39 to 60 or their connections. Several pure layers of these elements and / or their connections can also be provided.
  • the barrier layer comprises one or more material-pure layers composed of the elements of atomic numbers greater than 71 and / or compounds thereof.
  • the barrier layer can also additionally comprise one or more pure layers made of the elements of atomic numbers 61 to 71 or connections thereof.
  • the elements with the atomic numbers 61 to 71 and / or their connections can also be present in a separate layer as a so-called intermediate layer which is arranged between the secondary radiation layer and the barrier layer.
  • the metal foils generally have a thickness of 0.005 to 0.25 mm.
  • the foils are usually one on top of the other without being connected. However, should a connection be made between the foils for practical or technical reasons, then these can be produced by conventional methods.
  • the lead-free radiation protection material according to the invention has very good results with regard to the shielding effect, in particular at 60 kV, in comparison to known lead-free radiation protection materials.
  • Components 40% by weight of tin, 10% by weight of cerium oxide, 20% by weight of gadolinium oxide, 20% by weight of bismuth, 10% by weight of tungsten.
  • the radiation protection materials were processed as follows:
  • Material 1 The above ingredients are mixed in powder form evenly in a polymer matrix
  • Material 2 Layering of the individual components in pure material layers in powder form
  • Material 3 Layering of the individual components above into pure foils.
  • the weight per unit area was 4.7 kg / m 2 in all cases.
  • the lead-free radiation protection material (material 2 and material 3) according to the invention which is arranged in layers, has a better shielding effect than the powder mixture of material 1.
  • a very good shielding effect is shown at 60 kV.
  • the layering of the material-pure layers in the radiation protection material takes place in such a way that the layers are arranged with increasing secondary radiation.
  • the layer with the highest secondary radiation yield is provided away from the body, while the layer with the lowest secondary radiation is arranged close to the body.
  • the at least one material-pure layer of the secondary radiation layer and the barrier layer of the lead-free radiation protection material according to the invention can be present in a so-called sandwich structure.
  • a sandwich structure is to be understood as a structure, further layers being provided between the pure layers.
  • the at least one pure material layer has a carrier layer on one side in each case.
  • the at least one material-pure layer can have a carrier layer on both sides.
  • the carrier layers are preferably formed from a polymer.
  • the polymer can be one that is also used as a matrix material is used. Typically the polymer is a latex or elastomeric polymer.
  • the one or more carrier layers in the layer structure of the lead-free radiation protection material according to the invention have a thickness of 0.01 to 0.4 mm.
  • the carrier layer or the
  • Backing layers still contain small amounts of protective substances, as described above. As a rule, however, they are free of protective substances.
  • the carrier layers on one side or on both sides of the material-pure layers contribute to the fact that the "inner", highly compressed
  • Material layer be it the secondary radiation layer or the barrier layer, the mechanical stability is increased, while the radiation-shielding effect of the individual protective layers is improved.
  • FIG. 2 shows a sandwich structure of the lead-free radiation protection material according to the invention.
  • the high-density protective layer 2 is surrounded on both sides by a carrier layer 1, which increases the mechanical stability of the structure.
  • An alternative sandwich structure can also be designed in such a way that each layer with high secondary radiation has a layer with low secondary radiation on both sides.
  • the barrier effect of the barrier layers with low secondary radiation can contribute to layers of high secondary radiation being direct, i.e. on both sides, experienced a blocking effect.
  • the radiation protection materials are in the individual layers as metal powder with grain sizes of 2 up to 75 ⁇ m. It is essential that there is as little matrix material in the spaces as possible.
  • the mass coverage (basis weight) is 1: 1.
  • the mass coverage is 1: 1.
  • Pb lead equivalent of 0.5 mm
  • the division of the basis weights for a layer structure of three layers is 1: 1: 1. This division is particularly advantageous in the case of a layer structure
  • Secondary radiation layer intermediate layer: barrier layer.
  • the intermediate layer predominantly comprises at least one element of atomic numbers 61 to 71 or their connections.
  • the lead-free radiation protection material according to the invention is suitable for the production of radiation protection clothing such as a radiation protection apron.
  • the material according to the invention can advantageously be used, for example, in protective gloves,
  • Patient covers, gonad protection, ovary protection, dental protective shields, fixed lower body protection, table tops, fixed or portable radiation protection walls or radiation protection curtains can be used to advantage.
  • a lead-free radiation protection material according to the invention is produced with a layer (A) which corresponds to the secondary radiation layer and a layer (B) which corresponds to the barrier layer.
  • Layer (A) contains 54% by weight of tin, 36% by weight of cerium and 10% by weight of matrix material.
  • Layer (B) contains 36% by weight gadolinium, 36% by weight bismuth, 18% by weight tungsten and 10% matrix.
  • Layer (A) contains 90% by weight of tin and 10% by weight of matrix, while layer (B) contains 54% by weight of gadolinium, 36% by weight of bismuth and 10% by weight of matrix material.
  • a radiation protection material according to the invention is produced which contains a layer (A) as in Example 1 and a layer (B) as in Example 2.
  • a radiation protection material according to the invention is produced, with a layer (A) as in Example 2 and a layer (B) as in Example 1.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un matériau de protection contre les rayonnements, exempt de plomb, destiné au champ énergétique d'une tube à rayons X ayant une tension de 60 à 125 kV. Ledit matériau de protection contre les rayonnements, exempt de plomb, comporte une structure de couches composée d'au moins deux couches présentant des propriétés de blindage différentes.
EP04764811A 2003-09-03 2004-09-03 Materiau de protection contre les rayonnements exempt de plomb comportant deux couches presentant des proprietes de blindage differentes Expired - Lifetime EP1540663B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10340639 2003-09-03
DE10340639 2003-09-03
DE102004001328A DE102004001328A1 (de) 2003-09-03 2004-01-08 Leichtes Strahlenschutzmaterial für einen großen Energieanwendungsbereich
DE102004001328 2004-01-08
PCT/EP2004/009859 WO2005024846A1 (fr) 2003-09-03 2004-09-03 Materiau de protection contre les rayonnements exempt de plomb comportant au moins deux couches presentant des proprietes de blindage differentes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1540663A1 true EP1540663A1 (fr) 2005-06-15
EP1540663B1 EP1540663B1 (fr) 2008-11-26

Family

ID=34276535

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04764811A Expired - Lifetime EP1540663B1 (fr) 2003-09-03 2004-09-03 Materiau de protection contre les rayonnements exempt de plomb comportant deux couches presentant des proprietes de blindage differentes
EP04764812A Expired - Lifetime EP1536732B1 (fr) 2003-09-03 2004-09-03 Materiau leger de protection contre les rayonnements destine a une grande gamme d'energies

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04764812A Expired - Lifetime EP1536732B1 (fr) 2003-09-03 2004-09-03 Materiau leger de protection contre les rayonnements destine a une grande gamme d'energies

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (3) US7449705B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP1540663B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2007504451A (fr)
DE (1) DE502004004129D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2286663T3 (fr)
WO (2) WO2005024846A1 (fr)

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DE102009037565A1 (de) 2009-08-14 2011-02-24 Mavig Gmbh Beschichtete Mikrofaserbahn und Verfahren zur Herstellung derselben
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DE102013203812B4 (de) 2013-03-06 2017-04-13 Mavig Gmbh Fahrbare Strahlenschutzanordnung
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WO2021053367A1 (fr) * 2019-09-16 2021-03-25 Saba Valiallah Protection contre les rayonnements passe-haut et procédé de protection contre les rayonnements
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1540663B1 (fr) 2008-11-26
WO2005024846A1 (fr) 2005-03-17
WO2005023116A1 (fr) 2005-03-17
US7449705B2 (en) 2008-11-11
JP2007504451A (ja) 2007-03-01
EP1536732B1 (fr) 2007-06-20
EP1536732A1 (fr) 2005-06-08
US20060151750A1 (en) 2006-07-13
DE502004004129D1 (de) 2007-08-02
US20060049384A1 (en) 2006-03-09
ES2286663T3 (es) 2007-12-01
US20090230334A1 (en) 2009-09-17

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