Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
  • D06P5/02—After-treatment
  • D06P5/04—After-treatment with organic compounds
  • D06P5/08—After-treatment with organic compounds macromolecular
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/0021—Dye-stain or dye-transfer inhibiting compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C11D3/3715—Polyesters or polycarbonates

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a ner method for preventing or minimizing the redeposition of color on textile fabric during a decolorization process, in particular during a "stone-wash" process.
• the fabric is preferably indigo-dyed cotton or cotton-containing fabric.
• the anti used Color redeposition agent is a polyester, preferably a terephthalic acid polyester polyether polymer.
• jeans fabrics are subjected to a so-called “stone-wash” process ) subjected.
• Color does not penetrate the yarn, but envelops it like a coat and the core of the yarn or fibers is not discolored.
• the classic stone-wash process has some economic and ecological disadvantages. Both the denim fabric and the washing machine itself are subjected to a very high mechanical load by the process. This leads, among other things, to a high level of wear on the sheets installed in the drum washing machines. Due to the abrasion of the stones, fine particles are generated. The consequence is the mandatory removal of these fine particles from the tissue by washing them out several times, which results in larger quantities of process water to be disposed of. Furthermore, the treatment with pumice stones results in large amounts of sludge in connection with fiber residues and indigo pigment.
• a new technology based on the use of special enzymes has prevailed since the 1980s.
• enzymes are used instead of the abrasion caused by the pumice stone.
• a cellulase is usually used as the enzyme.
• the cellulase is temporarily bound to the cellulose by an anchor and cleaves it at its 1,4-beta-glucosidic bond.
• the surface of the cotton fiber on which the indigo dye is located is partially detached. This reveals underlying, non-dyed and therefore white areas of the cotton fiber.
• the use of cellulases achieves an optical effect similar to that of pumice.
• the cellulases used in the enzymatic stone wash process can be divided into two groups: acidic and neutral cellulases.
• the terms “acidic” and “neutral” are used to describe the pH value at which
• Enzyme develops its optimal performance. For acidic cellulases this is in the range of approx. 4 to 6, while neutral cellulases show their optimum performance at pH values of approx. 6 to 8. A major difference is the higher abrasion that acidic cellulases allow compared to neutral ones. With acidic cellulases, the same can be used when 10 to 20% of the amount of neutral cellulase is used
• Redeposition of color is understood to mean a discoloration or soiling, inter alia, of cotton with detached dye or dye on fiber residues. These deposits can be observed in various places, such as inner pockets, labels, seams, zippers, but also in particular on the inner and outer surface of the denim.
• Back training creates an undesirably low-contrast product image.
• the phenomenon of color reduction is much more pronounced in stone washing than in classic household laundry, due to the significantly higher color concentration in the washing process.
• the color reduction is a function of the cellulase mixture used, the dye, the type of surfactant used, the surfactant concentration and the pH.
• WO 01/92453 describes an enzymatic process in which color reduction is minimized by adding lipolytic enzymes, preferably cutinase.
• WO 94/29426 uses acidic cellulase together with a special protease.
• DE 19606619 discloses acidic cellulases in
• nonionic fatty alcohol ethoxylates with anionic alkanesulfonate is also used to achieve an anti-redeposition
• anionic surfactants in particular lead to a negative interaction with the cellulase in such a way that their abrasion capacity is reduced.
• WO 01/57173 describes an enzymatic 2-component system with the same
• the two-component system contains special aqueous polymer dispersions, the solid particles of which are styrene / (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymers, which are grafted onto starch as a graft base.
• WO 95/35363 describes a method for producing a stone wash effect by using acidic cellulases in the presence of color antiredeposition agents selected from the group of natural and synthetic, inorganic silicates, polyalkylene oxides, acrylic acid polymers and natural and synthetic or semisynthetic polysaccharides.
• color transfer inhibitors described in the prior art such as polyvinylpyrollidones, polyvinylpyrridine-N-oxides etc.
• these compounds are not effective enough when it comes to to prevent back training of indigo in particular, which may be due to the extreme hydrophobicity of this dye, without wishing to be bound by theory.
• polyesters can already be produced by reacting polymeric waste terephthalates, such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate or poly (cyclohexanedimethanol) terephthalate, glycols and oxalkylated polyols with at least 3 hydroxyl groups, which are used in dyeing and decolorization processes to prevent color reduction ,
• polymeric waste terephthalates such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate or poly (cyclohexanedimethanol) terephthalate
• glycols and oxalkylated polyols with at least 3 hydroxyl groups which are used in dyeing and decolorization processes to prevent color reduction
• trimellitic acid and / or isophthalic acid or their derivatives are also produced using trimellitic acid and / or isophthalic acid or their derivatives.
• the object of the present invention is to provide a means which efficiently prevents the redeposition of color on textile fabric during a decolorization process, in particular during a stone wash process.
• the agent should act as an anti-redeposition agent for the released dye, in particular indigo, or the particles provided with dye, in such a way that it is not only compared to pure denim, but also to typical accessories of denim or jeans, such as pocket lining, seams , Labels and zippers that often are not made of cotton.
• the object is achieved according to the invention by a method for preventing or minimizing the color reduction on textile fabric by contacting colored fabric comprising cotton fibers with an anti-color reduction agent during the decolorization process, characterized in that the anti-color reduction agent is a polyester that can be produced by Reaction, preferably by esterification, of at least the following monomers:
• (C) polyetherols having one or two hydroxyl groups and having at least 6 oxygen atoms, the monomers (A), (B) and (C) being greater than 80% by weight, preferably greater than 90% by weight, in particular greater than 95% by weight of the built-in monomers.
• the object is achieved with polymers such as are known as soil release polymers.
• these are preferably amphiphilic, preferably nonionic polyester-containing polyether monomer sequences.
• Polyetherols are used to produce the polyether monomer sequences.
• polyetherols are compounds having one or two hydroxyl groups and having at least 6 oxygen atoms, preferably at least 10 oxygen atoms and in particular more than 16 oxygen atoms.
• Diols in the sense of the invention are compounds which have 2 hydroxyl groups and at most one, preferably no ether groups.
• polyesters which are flowable at room temperature and are particularly suitable for incorporation into liquid stone wash formulations due to their liquid consistency are preferred which are obtained by reaction, preferably polycondensation, of (A) 20 to 50 mol% of one or more dicarboxylic acid compounds,
• the above data in mol% apply finally and independently of each other and refer to the sum of components (A) to (D).
• the polyester is made using essentially no other component, i.e. less than 5 mol%, preferably less than 1 mol% of other components.
• at room temperature stands for temperatures of 15 to 25 ° C., in particular 20 ° C.
• Compounds within the meaning of the main claim of the present invention are organic compounds which, in addition to carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, after reaction, i.e. Installation in the polymer, usually have no other atoms.
• the dicarboxylic acid compounds can also carry carbonyl or hydroxyl groups in addition to carboxyl groups after incorporation in the polyester, but e.g. have no sulfonyl or halogen groups.
• the dicarboxylic acid compound (A) are aliphatic and / or aromatic dicarboxylic acids and their derivatives, i.e. e.g. their monoesters, diesters, anhydrides or mixtures.
• the dicarboxylic acid compounds preferably have 3 to 40 carbon atoms, based on the dicarboxylic acid or dicarboxylic acid group.
• Aromatic dicarboxylic acid compounds can, in particular, be invented
• aliphatic dicarboxylic acid compounds are malonic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid and sebacic acid dialkyl esters.
• Isophthalic acid and phthalic acid, in particular terephthalic acid and their dimethyl, diethyl, dipropyl and dibutyl esters are particularly preferably used.
• terephthalic acid preferably greater than 90 mol%, preferably greater than 95 mol%, based on the di- or tricarboxylic acid compounds used, are used as dicarboxylic acids in the process according to the invention.
• other dicarboxylic acid compounds can also be used.
• Aromatic dicarboxylic acids are, in addition to terephthalic acid, especially isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, their mono- and dialkyl esters with Cl to C5 alcohols, e.g. Dimethyl terephthalate, of course also mixtures of these
• aliphatic dicarboxylic acid equivalents are malonic, succinic, fumaric, maleic, glutaric, adipic, pimelic, suberic, azelaic and sebacic acid dialkyl esters.
• Terephthalic acid and phthalic acid and their dimethyl, diethyl, dipropyl and dibutyl esters are particularly preferred.
• tricarboxylic acid compounds which makes highly distorted polymer structures accessible.
• Trimellitic acid or its derivatives such as anhydrides and esters.
• their use should generally be avoided.
• the polyol compounds (D) preferably have 3 to 12 carbon atoms.
• Examples of the polyol compounds with at least 3 OH groups are: pentaerythritol, trimethylolethane, trimefhylolpropane, 1,2,3-hexanetriol, sorbitol, mannitol, mono-, di- and triglycerol, 1,2,3- Butanetriol, 1,2,4-butanetriol.
• the use of glycerol is preferred.
• polyetherols (C) are addition products of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide or mixtures thereof with water or aliphatic C 1 -C 6 -, preferably C 1 -C 6 -, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol or Bu- Tanol. Addition products of ethylene oxide with methanol or water are preferred.
• a particularly important constituent of the polymers mentioned is the polyether role, which preferably represents more than 30% by weight of a major proportion of the polymer.
• these are polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polybutylene glycol and addition products of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide or mixtures thereof with aliphatic alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol or also long-chain fatty alcohols.
• Polyethylene glycols with weight average molecular weights of 500 to 10,000 g / mol, and polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether with molecular weights of 2,000 to 5,000 g / mol are preferred.
• diol compound (B) inventions according to, for example, ethylene glycol, 1,2- or 1,3-propylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, 1,2-butylene glycol, 3-methoxy-1,2-propylene glycol and their dimers and trimers can be used.
• the diol compound (B) preferably has 2 to 6 carbon atoms. In principle, mixtures of different diols are also possible.
• the use of ethylene glycol and / or propylene glycol is preferred.
• polymers anionically can e.g. by condensation of anionic monomers, e.g. Sulphophthaloyl, sulphoisophthaloyl and sulfoterephthaloyl groups, which are used in the form of their salts, in particular as alkali or ammonium salts.
• anionic monomers e.g. Sulphophthaloyl, sulphoisophthaloyl and sulfoterephthaloyl groups, which are used in the form of their salts, in particular as alkali or ammonium salts.
• aliphatic, anionic monomers derived from sulfonated aliphatic diesters such as e.g. Derive maleic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid etc.
• the polyesters used in the process according to the invention can also have an end group closure.
• Suitable end groups are: a.) Sulfoaroyl groups, b.) Groups with the formula MO 3 -S- (O) u - (CH 2 ) p- (RO) w -, in which M represents a metal atom and R represents ethylene or mixtures of ethylene and propylene, u for 0 or 1, p for 0 or 1 and w for a number from 1 to 100, c.) poly (oxyethylene) monoalkyl ether groups in which the alkyl group contains 1 to 24 carbon atoms and the polyoxyethylene group consists of 2 to 200 oxyethylene units, d.) acyl and aroyl groups with 4 to 40 carbon atoms, e.) hydroxyacyl and hydroxyaroyl groups with 2 to 25 carbon atoms, f.) poly (oxyalkylene) monoalkylphenol ethers in which the alkyl group contains 6 to 18 carbon
• Nonionic PET (polyethylene terephthalate) POET (polyoxyethyl enterephthalate) polyesters are particularly preferred. These can be obtained by polycondensation of terephthalic acid or terephthalic acid esters with monoethylene glycol and polyethylene glycol. Polyethylene glycols with molecular weights of 2,000 to 10,000 g / mol are preferred.
• the PET-POET copolymers obtained are preferably solid at room temperature and have weight-average molecular weights of 5,000 to 40,000 g / mol.
• polyester-polyether copolymers which are liquid at room temperature and which are represented by the formula
• each R ⁇ radical is a 1,4-phenylene radical, optionally mono- or di-Cl-C3-alkyl substituted; the R radicals are essentially ethylene radicals, 1,2-propylene radicals or mixtures thereof; each X independently represents hydrogen, a Cl to C12 hydrocarbon radical, in particular ethyl or methyl; each n is independently from 7 to 115 and u is from 3 to
• polyesters are described which are described on average by the empirical empirical formula (CAP) X (T) z (I) q (D) r (P) s (En) t (A) y (EG / PG) V used in the
• CAP represents end groups which seal the polymer at the end and a.) Sulfoaroyl groups
• (En) a poly (oxyalkylene) oxy group which is composed of 2 to 100 oxyalkylene groups, where t is a number from 0 to 25, preferably greater than 0 to 25, and the alkylene groups contain 2 to 6 carbon atoms, (A ) an 1, n-alkylenedicarbonyl group which is composed of 2 to 24 carbon atoms and y for a number from 0 to 15,
• polyesters for an oxyethyleneoxy or oxypropyleneoxy group or mixtures thereof and v stands for a number from 0 to 80, and wherein the polyesters have a molecular weight of 500 to 100,000 g / mol, preferably 1,000 to 20,000 g / mol ,
• polyesters are the subject of WO 99/09125, which is hereby made the full content of the disclosure of this application with respect to the further definition of the polyesters, referred to there as amphiphilic polymers.
• the synthesis of the polymers used according to the invention can be carried out in the form of a direct conversion of all monomer units in one step, so that statistically distributed polymers (so-called “random” structures) are obtained.
• Another method of preparation is a multi-step synthesis, for example in such a way that various components are precondensed ,
• temperatures from approx. 80 to 350 ° C and pressures from normal pressure to ⁇ 1 mbar are set.
• the condensation is preferably carried out in the temperature range from 150 to 280 ° C in the presence of the usual polycondensation and transesterification catalysts.
• the polymers obtained can be adjusted to different molecular weights. These are preferably between 1,000 and 40,000 g / mol.
• catalysts Compounds known from the literature are suitable as catalysts. If the free dicarboxylic acids or the anhydrides are used as the component, p-toluenesulfonic acid is the preferred catalyst. If dialkyl dicarboxylate is used as the component, the usual transesterification catalysts are used, such as, for example, mixtures of calcium acetate and antimony oxide, organic and inorganic tin and zinc compounds (for example stannanes, zinc acetate or the TEGO® catalysts from Degussa) or tetraalkoxy titanates , such as titanium tetraisobutanolate or titanium tetraisopropanolate.
• the free dicarboxylic acids or the anhydrides are used as the component, p-toluenesulfonic acid is the preferred catalyst.
• dialkyl dicarboxylate the usual transesterification catalysts are used, such as, for example, mixtures of calcium acetate and antimony oxide, organic and
• the condensation can be carried out in the presence of antioxidants, e.g. of substituted phenols, such as, for example, 2,5-ditertiary butylphenol, 2-methylcyclohexyl-4,6-dimethylphenol, phosphorous acid or other antioxidants commonly used therefor.
• antioxidants e.g. of substituted phenols, such as, for example, 2,5-ditertiary butylphenol, 2-methylcyclohexyl-4,6-dimethylphenol, phosphorous acid or other antioxidants commonly used therefor.
• the color of the polyesters according to the invention is still unsatisfactory, they can be subjected to an aftertreatment.
• a common aftertreatment is, for example, bleaching with hydrogen peroxide, which leads to a significant lightening of the color.
• the polymers used in the process according to the invention can be obtained in solid as well as in pasty to liquid form.
• the additives are also preferred in solid form. It is possible to use the polymers, depending on the morphology, both as a 100% form e.g. to bring in ground form or also in supported form i.e. by applying the polymer to a solid carrier substance using the granulation processes described in the prior art.
• connections can also be used in the form of a matrix.
• the matrix here is the mixing of the amphiphilic polyester-polyether Copolymers with, for example, nonionic surfactants, such as alcohol ethoxylates, alcohol propoxylates, mixed alcohol alkoxylates, alkyl polyglucosides, glucose amides, polyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols, mixed polyalkylene glycols, solvents such as isopropanol, propylene glycol, glycol ethers, water, etc., are to be understood.
• nonionic surfactants such as alcohol ethoxylates, alcohol propoxylates, mixed alcohol alkoxylates, alkyl polyglucosides, glucose amides, polyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols, mixed polyalkylene glycols, solvents such as isopropanol, propylene glycol, glycol ethers, water, etc.
• polyester-polyether copolymers can also be supported on substrates such as e.g.
• Zeolites, phosphates, citrates, sodium sulfate, pumice stone or pumice stone equivalents such as perlite etc. are applied and thereby e.g. be converted into free-flowing powdery compounds. Such compounds can advantageously be incorporated in powdered stone wash formulations.
• the antiredeposition agents used in the process according to the invention are preferably used in amounts of 0.1 to 20% by weight, based on the stone wash formulation (excl. Abrasives).
• Sintered perlite is often used instead of pumice, which due to its hardness leads to less abrasion during the process. They are also smaller than pumice stones and have a larger surface, which makes it possible to rinse them out with the washing liquor.
• the central building block of the enzymatic formulations for producing a stone wash effect is one or more cellulases. Essentially two groups of cellulases are used: acidic and neutral.
• these formulations contain further constituents.
• a buffer system which has the task of keeping the pH constant within certain limits in order to ensure optimal performance of the enzyme system. Buffering the cellulase bath is very important, as alkalinity is often introduced, particularly through the tissue.
• surfactants Another essential component of these formulations are surfactants. Their task includes to achieve rapid wetting of the cellulose fiber in such a way that the cellulase can attack the fiber as quickly as possible. Other functions of the surfactants are the removal of excess sizing agents, the suspension of the indigo dye and the emulsification of oil and
• Fat ingredients In addition, they continue to serve as dispersants and anti-crease agents within this application.
• nonionic surfactants such as the fatty alcohol alkoxylates, castor oil ethoxylates etc. described in the prior art.
• the preferred use of nonionic surfactants is due to their good wetting of the fibers with little influence on the cellulase activity.
• Anionic surfactants can sometimes have negative effects on the enzymes, such that their activity is reduced or incompatibilities arise.
• the surfactant content within the formulations is preferably in the range from 5 to 25
• Stone Wash formulations can optionally also contain other ingredients such as Enzyme activators, solubilizers, solvents, antioxidants, builders and sequestering agents.
• Examples of typical solvents are: ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and their oligomers / polymers, terpenes, hydrocarbons etc.
• Examples of enzyme activators are: proteins, salts of monosaccharides such as e.g. Mannose and xylose.
• Typical solubilizing agents are: short-chain alcohols, benzenesulfonate salts, propylene glycol, benzoates etc. The following are often used as builders or sequestering agents: organic phosphates, phosphonates, polyacrylic acids, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinypyrollidones, borates, citrates etc.
• the process for the production of denim or denim essentially consists of 3 main steps: desizing, abrasion (stoning / bio-toning) and bleaching.
• the sizing agent which is usually starch
• this step was accomplished by alkaline washing at higher temperatures.
• an enzymatic process based on the use of special amylases or combinations of amylases and lipases is also preferred. These break down the starch polymers into short, water-soluble fragments that can be washed out.
• the background to this step is the creation of soft denim surfaces, prevention of streaking and preparation of the fabric for the subsequent step, the abrasion.
• surfactants are also used in this step.
• one or more rinsing steps can take place before the next treatment step.
• the abrasion step is the described stone washing or biostoning or combinations of stone washing and biostoning.
• the cellulases After the required abrasion has been reached, the cellulases must be deactivated in order to stop the further degradation of the tissue. This takes place in a downstream washing process, at alkaline pH values and at higher temperatures, at which the enzyme denatures. Finally, the fabric is usually bleached under standard conditions with the bleaching agents described in the prior art, e.g. Hypochlorite.
• the antiredeposition agents described in the process according to the invention are also distinguished, inter alia, by the fact that they have affinities for hydrophobic surfaces such as polyester, polyamide or their blended fabrics with cotton. Since the jeans accessories such as pocket lining, zippers, labels, seams, etc. are often made from these materials, the additives according to the invention are not only recommended for the actual stone wash process but before that, ie when desizing the fiber. Here, these accessories will receive an efficient surface impregnation which, essentially with the result that the released Stone Wash Indigo process of diesel 'sen surfaces is less attracted.
• Example 1 A total of 640 g (1.45 mol) of polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether with a weight-average molecular weight of approx. 440 were in a 2 1 multi-necked flask with glass stirrer, heating bath, protective gas inlet, distillation attachment, packed column, distillation bridge, vacuum distributor, distillation flask, cold trap and internal thermometer g / mol (MARLIPAL 1/12 from Sasol Germany GmbH), 388 g (2.0 mol) dimethyl terephthalate, 110.5 g (1.2 mol) glycerol, 145.8 g (1.4 mol) neopentyl glycol, 1.0 g of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol (Ionol from Shell) and 1 ml of tetraisopropyl orthotitanate were introduced under a protective gas.
• MARLIPAL 1/12 from Sasol Germany GmbH
• the reaction mixture was slowly heated to temperatures of 150 to 220 ° C and the methanol formed was collected. After most of the theoretically expected amount of methanol had been collected, the reaction mixture was cooled, the column was removed, a vacuum was applied and the mixture was heated again to a maximum of 230 ° C. The diol / polyol mixture not reacted in the reaction was collected as a distillate. After the polyester had reached a hydroxyl number of about 90 mg KOH / g substance, the reaction was stopped. The product was in the form of a yellow, low-viscosity oil.
• Example 2 Analogously to Example 1, a total of 883 g (2.0 mol) of polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether with a weight-average molecular weight of approx. 440 g / mol (MARLIPAL 1/12 from Sasol Germany GmbH), 534 g (2, 75 mol) dimethyl terephthalate, 227.9 g (2.5 mol) glycerol, 68.3 g (1.1 mol) monoethylene glycol, 1.0 g 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol (Ionol from Shell ) and 1 ml of tetraisopropyl orthotitanate. After the polyester had reached a hydroxyl number of 112 mg KOH / g substance, the reaction was stopped. The product was in the form of a yellow, low-viscosity oil.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Coloring (AREA)
• Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
• Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
• Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)

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