EP1728224B1 - D tecteur d'incendie pourvu de plusieurs volumes d'analyse - Google Patents

D tecteur d'incendie pourvu de plusieurs volumes d'analyse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1728224B1
EP1728224B1 EP04817371A EP04817371A EP1728224B1 EP 1728224 B1 EP1728224 B1 EP 1728224B1 EP 04817371 A EP04817371 A EP 04817371A EP 04817371 A EP04817371 A EP 04817371A EP 1728224 B1 EP1728224 B1 EP 1728224B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
radiation
fire detector
scattering
scattered
receiver
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04817371A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1728224A1 (fr
Inventor
Bernd Siber
Andreas Hensel
Ulrich Oppelt
Jack Mcnamara
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of EP1728224A1 publication Critical patent/EP1728224A1/fr
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/18—Prevention or correction of operating errors
    • G08B29/20—Calibration, including self-calibrating arrangements
    • G08B29/24—Self-calibration, e.g. compensating for environmental drift or ageing of components
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
    • G08B17/107—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device for detecting light-scattering due to smoke
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/18—Prevention or correction of operating errors
    • G08B29/20—Calibration, including self-calibrating arrangements
    • G08B29/24—Self-calibration, e.g. compensating for environmental drift or ageing of components
    • G08B29/26—Self-calibration, e.g. compensating for environmental drift or ageing of components by updating and storing reference thresholds
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
    • G08B17/113—Constructional details

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fire detector according to the preamble of claim 1 and an operating method for such a fire detector according to the preamble of claim 11.
  • Out DE 199 12 911 C2 is a radiation transmitter and a radiation receiver comprehensive optical fire detector known that manages without optical labyrinth and thus is flush mountable in a ceiling.
  • the fire detector further comprises an arrangement with which, on the one hand, a contamination of the transparent cover of the fire detector can be detected and monitored, on the other hand, if the intended for the detection of smoke radiation transmitter and radiation receiver of the fire alarm are still working correctly.
  • a disadvantage of the known fire detector that in addition to the provided for the detection of smoke radiation transmitter and radiation receiver each have a further radiation transmitter and radiation receiver for the detection of pollution and for the functional verification are required. Overall, therefore, at least three radiation transmitters and three radiation receivers are needed.
  • a scattered radiation smoke detector is known, emitted by an evaluation unit radiation is irradiated via a radiation-conducting element in a measuring volume and wherein the scattered smoke particles in the measuring volume radiation is received via a radiation-conducting element and returned to the evaluation unit. Furthermore, from the US 4,642,471 Known to arrange two such systems in a smoke detector closely adjacent.
  • a fire detector which in spite of a reduced effort includes a variety of functions and is characterized by particularly high reliability. With a total of only three radiation transmitters and three radiation receivers, the tasks described in both cited to the prior art writings are solved simultaneously. Since at least one of a plurality of scattering volumes comprises at least one subarea of a cover plate closing off the fire detector, it is possible reliably to detect contamination of the cover plate. By selective controllability of the radiation transmitter and radiation receiver by means of a microcomputer, the functionality of the radiation transmitter and radiation receiver of the fire detector can be easily checked. Furthermore, a distinction can be made between smoke and objects in front of the fire alarm.
  • the fire detector designed according to the invention can distinguish different types of smoke from one another and thus also separate smoke-originating signals from disturbance variables.
  • changes in the ambient temperature or aging effects can be reliably detected and compensated by means of corresponding correction factors.
  • the disclosed fire detector is still a lower sensitivity to spurious radiation.
  • FIG. 1 shows the basic structure of a flush-mounted fire detector 1 according to the scattered radiation principle.
  • the fire detector 1 comprises a housing 3, which is arranged flush with the ceiling in a corresponding recess of the ceiling 2 of a room.
  • the housing is covered with a cover 4.
  • a radiation transmitter 5 and a Radiation receiver 6 arranged such that no radiation can pass directly from the radiation transmitter 5 to the radiation receiver 6. Rather, they are arranged so that their beam paths 50, 60 intersect outside the cover 4. This intersection is referred to as the scattering volume 7. If scattering particles, for example smoke produced by a source of fire, are obtained in this scattering volume, then the radiation emanating from the radiation transmitter 5 is scattered on the smoke. A portion of the scattered radiation thus reaches the radiation receiver 6.
  • the amount of scattered radiation that is scattered by smoke particles to the radiation receiver 6 at a given brightness of the radiation transmitter 5 depends on the nature of the smoke (in particular on the particle size), on the color of the smoke Smoke, the wavelength of the radiation used and the scattering angle.
  • the scattering angle is understood to mean the angle between the optical axis of the radiation transmitter 5 and the optical axis of the radiation receiver 6.
  • the radiation transmitter 5 is controlled by a microcomputer 9.
  • the radiation receiver 6 is connected to an electronic circuit arrangement 8, which essentially comprises amplifying and filtering means.
  • the amplified scattered radiation signal can be read in and evaluated by the microcomputer 9 via an A / D converter (not shown here). If the scattered radiation signal exceeds a certain predefinable threshold, the fire detector 1 triggers an alarm. This alarm is conveniently forwarded via a bus system to a fire alarm system, from which then, for example, the fire department is alerted.
  • FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of an inventively designed fire detector 1 is shown.
  • the fire detector 1 comprises in each case three radiation transmitters 5.1, 5.2, 3.2 and three radiation receivers 6.1, 2.6, 3.6.3.
  • Radiation transmitter 5.1,5.2,5.3 and radiation receiver 6.1,6.2,6.3 are arranged such that their beam paths give three different scattering volumes 7.1.7.2,7.3.
  • the first scattering volume 7.1 is formed by the beam paths of the radiation transmitter 5.1 and of the radiation receiver 6.1.
  • the second scattering volume 7.2 is formed by the beam paths of the radiation transmitter 5.2 and the radiation receiver 6.2.
  • the third scattering volume 7.3 is formed by the beam paths of the radiation transmitter 5.3 and the radiation receiver 6.3.
  • the radiation transmitter 5.1 and the radiation receiver 6.1 are aligned such that the scattering volume 7.1, in which this arrangement is sensitive to smoke particles, is located several centimeters below the infrared light transparent cover 4 of the fire detector 1.
  • the scattering volume 7.2 formed by the beam paths of the radiation transmitter 5.2 and of the radiation receiver 6.2 can likewise be arranged at a distance of several centimeters from the cover disk 4.
  • the radiation transmitter 5.2 and the radiation receiver 6.2 can also be aligned such that the scattering volume 7.2 has a greater or lesser distance from the cover 4.
  • the scattering volumes 7.1 and 7.2 are arranged such that they do not overlap, but preferably have a distance of several centimeters.
  • radiation transmitter 5.2 and radiation receiver 6.2 are arranged rotated in relation to the radiation transmitter 5.1 and the radiation receiver 6.1 by 180 °.
  • the radiation transmitter 5.3 and the radiation receiver 6.3 are aligned such that the scattering volume 7.3 formed by their beam paths comprises at least a portion of the surface of the cover 4.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the in FIG. 2 shown Brandmel ders 1 shown.
  • the radiation transmitters 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 are connected to a microcomputer 9, which controls the radiation transmitters.
  • the radiation receiver 6.1,6.2,6.3 are connected to a plurality of switching elements 11.1,11.2,11.3 having switching means 11.
  • the input terminal of each switching element 11.1, 11.2, 11.3 is connected to the associated radiation receiver 6.1, 2.6, 3.6.3.
  • the interconnected output terminals of the switching elements 11.1, 11.2, 11.3 are connected to the input terminal of an electronic circuit 8.
  • This circuit includes filtering and amplifying means.
  • the output terminal of the electronic circuit arrangement 8 is connected to an input terminal of the microcomputer 9.
  • the switching means 11 is connected to the microcomputer 9 which controls the switching means 11.
  • the radiation transmitters 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 are individually controllable by the microcomputer 9. Since the switching means 11 can also be controlled by the microcomputer 9, radiation transmitters 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 and radiation receivers 6.1, 2.6, 3.6.3 can be activated in arbitrarily predeterminable combinations in order to jointly form scattering volumes.
  • Radiation receiver 6.1,6.2,6.3 at the time at which the radiation transmitter emits 5.1,5.2,5.3 radiation is connected by the switching means 11 to the electronic circuitry 8, the following functions can be realized.
  • the scattered radiation measured value S11 is much larger than the scattered radiation measured value S22, since much radiation is reflected at the insect 10 located in the scattering volume 7.1.
  • a disturbing object such as an insect 10 (FIG. FIG. 2 ) or smoke in front of the fire detector 1.
  • the scattered radiation measured value S11 is much larger than the scattered radiation measured value S22, since much radiation is reflected at the insect 10 located in the scattering volume 7.1.
  • smoke generated by the fire is distributed substantially homogeneously in the comparatively small area in front of the cover 4 of the fire detector 1.
  • the scattered radiation measured values S11, S22 are obtained substantially simultaneously. This is made possible by simultaneously actively controlling two scattering volumes 7.1 and 7.2. This in turn is achieved by virtue of the fact that the radiation transmitters 5.1 and 5.2 and radiation receivers 6.1, 6.2 forming the scattering volumes 7.1 and 7.2 with their respective beam paths are simultaneously controlled by the microcomputer 9.
  • the scattered radiation measured values S11, S22 are obtained in chronological succession. This is only each case a scattering volume 7.1, 7.2 simultaneously actively controlled by one with their beam paths the scattering volume 7.1, 7.2 forming pair of radiation transmitter 5.1 and radiation receiver 6.1, or radiation transmitter 5.2 and radiation receiver 6.2 is controlled by the microcomputer 9.
  • the latter variant also offers the advantage that temporary disturbances, which are caused, for example, by a moving insect, are distinguishable from permanent disturbances, such as soiling.
  • Another advantage of both embodiments is their relatively high insensitivity to disturbing extraneous light. This is based on FIG. 4 explained.
  • the radiation receiver 6.1 then reacts more strongly to extraneous light when an extraneous light source 12 is located in the solid angle range, which is spanned by the beam path of the radiation receiver 6.1. Whether the radiation receiver 6.1 is actually disturbed by extraneous light of an extraneous light source 12 with the beam path 40, can be determined in a simple manner by evaluating a measurement signal of the radiation receiver 6.1 at non-controlled radiation transmitters 5.1,5.2,5.3.
  • a noteworthy scattered radiation value S11 results during the measurement, this indicates a disturbance by an extraneous light source 12.
  • the radiation receiver is 6.2 not affected by the extraneous light source 12. This serves as a verification for the disturbance of the radiation receiver 6.1 by an extraneous light source 12.
  • the fire detector 1 with the scattering volume 7.2 still reliably detect smoke and thus perform its monitoring function.
  • such a fire detector 1 is of course still expandable. For example, you can work with four different scattering volumes. In this case, then the optical axes of the now existing four radiation emitter and radiation receiver respectively arranged rotated by about 90 ° to each other. This offers the additional advantage that interfering ambient light can be faded out from several directions.
  • the scattering volume 7.3 formed by the beam paths of the radiation transmitter 5.3 and of the radiation receiver 6.3 includes a partial area of the surface of the cover disk 4, radiation of the radiation transmitter 5.3 is reflected on the cover disk 4 and thus reaches the radiation receiver 6.3, which supplies a scattered radiation measurement value S33. Even if there is no dirt on the cover 4, depending on the angle of incidence of the radiation on the cover 4 always a certain part of the emanating from the radiation transmitter 5.3 radiation from the cover 4 to the radiation receiver 6.3 is reflected.
  • the intensity of the radiation transmitter 5.3 can be suitably set such that the resulting silence signal of the scattered radiation measurement value S33 assumes a predeterminable value.
  • a change in the ambient temperature or aging of the radiation transmitter 5.3 can cause the quiescent signal of the scattered radiation value S33 to drop below its initial value.
  • a correction factor KF can be derived in order to compensate for the intensity change of the radiation transmitter 5.3. This is expediently carried out, for example, by virtue of the radiation transmitter 5.3 having a correction factor around it KF corrected current is applied.
  • a defect of the radiation transmitter 5.3, of the radiation receiver 6.3 or of the electronic circuit arrangement 8 can be recognized by the fact that the scattered radiation measured value S33x assumes a value which can no longer be measured.
  • a limit value G for the scattered radiation measured value S33x is expediently specified. Falling below this limit G is then reported as a defect of the fire detector 1.
  • the orientation of the radiation transmitters 5.1, 5.2 and the radiation receiver 6.1, 6.2 can be chosen, for example be that the scattering volumes formed by them 7.4,7.5 have a greater distance from the cover 4 of the fire detector 1 as the scattering volumes 7.1 and 7.2. This results in a smaller scattering angle for the scattering volumes 7.4, 7.5 than for the scattering volumes 7.1 and 7.2.
  • the scattered radiation measurement values S12 and S21 in the presence of smoke in front of the fire detector 1 will generally be smaller than the scattered radiation measured values S11 and S22.
  • the decrease in the intensity of the scattered radiation as a function of the scattering angle depends strongly on the type of smoke, in particular on the size of the smoke particles and on the color of the smoke. Therefore, by calculating the quotients S12 / S11, S21 / S11, S12 / S22 and S21 / S22, it can be determined which type of smoke is involved.
  • This information can then be used to better distinguish between hazardous fumes and more harmless disturbances such as water vapor or dust. Furthermore, it can be detected whether an object in front of the fire detector 1 and at what distance it is from this. If, for example, the scattered radiation measured values S11, S22, S12 and S21 are approximately the same, this indicates that an object is located in front of the fire detector 1. If the object is located at a greater distance from the fire detector 1, scattered radiation measurement values S12 and S21 result which are much larger than the scattered radiation measured values S11 and S22.
  • radiation transmitter 5.1,5.2,5.3 and radiation receiver 6.1,6.2,6.3 mounted in brackets 70, which preferably consist of a radiation emanating from the radiation emitter radiation material to prevent interference by interference.
  • brackets 70 which preferably consist of a radiation emanating from the radiation emitter radiation material to prevent interference by interference.
  • 70 recesses 71 are arranged in the brackets, which are aligned at an angle with respect to an outer surface of the holder 70.
  • a predeterminable radiation angle or angle of reception of the radiation transmitter 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 and radiation receiver 6.1, 2.6, 3.6.3 mounted in the holders 70 can be set.
  • the brackets 70 also serve to limit the solid angle into which radiate a radiation transmitter 5.1,5.2,5.3 radiation or from which a radiation receiver 6.1,6.2,6.3 radiation can receive.
  • radiation transmitter 5.1,5.2,5.3 and radiation receiver 6.1,6.2,6.3 shielded so that only in a certain range around the optical axis of the radiation transmitter 5.1,5.2,5.3 radiation can leave the radiation transmitter 5.1,5.2,5.3 or only In a certain area around the optical axis of the radiation receiver 6.1,6.2,6.3 radiation can reach the radiation receiver 6.1,6.2,6.3. In this way it is ensured that no radiation can pass directly from the radiation transmitter 5.1.5.2.5.3 to the radiation receiver 6.1,6.2,6.3.
  • brackets 70 additional windows 72 can now be introduced, emitted by the radiation from the radiation emitter or of the Radiation receivers can be received.
  • the windows 72 are laterally inserted into the holders 70, see FIG that the radiation emerging from these windows 72 or the radiation entering these windows 72 propagates substantially parallel to the cover 4 and thus does not leave the fire detector at all. The radiation exiting through these windows 72 or entering these windows 72 is used for a functional test of the fire detector 1.
  • Radiation transmitter 5.2 to the radiation receiver 6.2 as in FIG. 6 represented within the fire detector 1 aperture 61.1,61.2,61.3,61.4,61.5, the direct propagation of radiation between the radiation transmitter 5.1 and the radiation receiver 6.2 (or between the radiation transmitter 5.2 and the radiation receiver 6.1, or from the radiation transmitter 5.1 to the radiation receiver 6.1, or from the radiation transmitter 5.2 to the radiation receiver 6.2).
  • the radiation transmitter 5.1 is controlled by the microcomputer 9, it can be measured with the radiation receiver 6.3 whether the radiation transmitter 5.1 is still working correctly. Analogously, the radiation transmitter 5.2 and the radiation receiver 6.2 and 6.3 can be checked. In addition to the above-described functional testing of radiation transmitters and radiation receivers, the combinations of radiation transmitters and radiation receivers mentioned here or the scattering volumes formed by their beam paths can additionally also be used for a scattered radiation measurement.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Fire Alarms (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

Détecteur d'incendie (1) selon le principe du rayonnement diffusé, qui comporte au moins un émetteur de rayonnement (5.1,5.2,5.3) et au moins un récepteur de rayonnement (6.1,6.2,6.3) dont les chemins de rayonnement forment un volume de diffusion (7.1,7.2,7.3). Ledit détecteur d'incendie (1) comporte, outre au moins un premier émetteur de rayonnement (5.1) et un premier récepteur de rayonnement (6.1), au moins un second émetteur de rayonnement (5.2) et un second récepteur de rayonnement (6.2) dont les chemins de rayonnement forment au moins deux volumes de diffusion (7.1, 7.2) localement distants.

Claims (25)

  1. Avertisseur d'incendie (1) fonctionnant selon le principe de la diffusion du rayonnement, présentant au moins un émetteur de rayonnement et un récepteur de rayonnement dont les parcours de rayonnement forment un volume de diffusion, l'avertisseur d'incendie (1) comportant au moins un premier émetteur de rayonnement (5.1) et un premier récepteur de rayonnement (6.1) ainsi qu'un deuxième émetteur de rayonnement (5.2) et un deuxième récepteur de rayonnement (6.2) qui forment avec leurs parcours de rayonnement au moins deux volumes de diffusion (7.1, 7.2) spatialement distincts, caractérisé en ce que
    les émetteurs de rayonnement (5.1, 5.2) et les récepteurs de rayonnement (6.1, 6.2) forment avec leurs parcours de rayonnement deux autres volumes de diffusion (7.4 et 7.5) par le fait que le rayonnement émis par le premier émetteur de rayonnement (5.1) est reçu par le deuxième émetteur de rayonnement (6.2) et par le fait que le rayonnement émis par le deuxième émetteur de rayonnement (5.2) est reçu par le premier émetteur de rayonnement (6.1).
  2. Avertisseur d'incendie (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il peut être encastré à chant dans le plafond.
  3. Avertisseur d'incendie selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est recouvert par une plaque de recouvrement (4).
  4. Avertisseur d'incendie selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il ne comporte pas de labyrinthe optique.
  5. Avertisseur d'incendie (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les volumes de diffusion (7.1, 7.2) sont à des distances différentes par rapport à la plaque de recouvrement (4) .
  6. Avertisseur d'incendie selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'avertisseur d'incendie (1) comporte au moins un troisième émetteur de rayonnement (5.3) et au moins un troisième récepteur de rayonnement (6.3) dont les parcours de rayonnement forment un troisième volume de diffusion (7.3), le troisième volume de diffusion (7.3) comportant au moins une partie de la surface (4.1) de la plaque de recouvrement (4) qui recouvre l'avertisseur d'incendie (1).
  7. Avertisseur d'incendie selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les parcours de rayonnement des émetteurs de rayonnement (5.1 et 5.2) sont orientés l'un par rapport à l'autre en étant tournés d'un angle, par exemple d'un angle de 180°.
  8. Avertisseur d'incendie selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les volumes de diffusion (7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4) sont disposés à différentes distances de la surface (4.1) de la plaque de recouvrement (4).
  9. Avertisseur d'incendie selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les volumes de diffusion (7.4, 7.5) sont plus éloignés de la plaque de recouvrement (4) de l'avertisseur d'incendie (1) que les volumes de diffusion (7.1, 7.2), de telle sorte que l'angle de diffusion du parcours de diffusion de ces volumes de diffusion (7.4, 7.5) soit plus petit.
  10. Avertisseur d'incendie selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'avertisseur d'incendie (1) comporte des supports (70) qui reprennent les émetteurs de rayonnement (5.1, 5.2, 5.3) et les récepteurs de rayonnement (6.1, 6.2, 6.3).
  11. Avertisseur d'incendie selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que pour permettre le montage des émetteurs de rayonnement (5.1, 5.2, 5.3) et des récepteurs de rayonnement (6.1, 6.2, 6.3), les supports (70) présentent des découpes (71) disposées obliquement dans une position angulaire prédéterminée par rapport à la surface extérieure du support (70).
  12. Avertisseur d'incendie selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que des fenêtres (72) qui permettent le passage du rayonnement sont disposées dans les supports (70).
  13. Avertisseur d'incendie selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le support (70) est constitué d'un matériau qui absorbe le rayonnement émis par l'émetteur de rayonnement.
  14. Procédé d'utilisation d'un avertisseur d'incendie selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel des valeurs de mesure (S11, S22) du rayonnement diffus sont obtenues dans deux volumes de diffusion (7.1, 7.2) différents,
    caractérisé en ce que
    ces valeurs (S11, S22) de mesure du rayonnement diffus sont comparées l'une à l'autre,
    en ce que lorsque les valeurs (S11, S22) de mesure du rayonnement diffus se correspondent essentiellement, il est conclu à la présence de fumée et donc à celle d'un foyer d'incendie et
    en ce que lorsque les valeurs (S11, S22) de mesure du rayonnement diffus sont différentes l'une de l'autre avec S11 et S22 > 0, il est conclu à la présence d'un corps perturbateur dans un volume de diffusion (7.1, 7.2).
  15. Procédé selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que les valeurs (S11, S22) de mesure du rayonnement diffus sont obtenues essentiellement en même temps dans les deux ou plusieurs volumes de diffusion (7.1, 7.2) commandés de manière à être actifs simultanément.
  16. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 14 ou 15, caractérisé en ce que les valeurs (S11, S22) de mesure de rayonnement diffus sont obtenues successivement dans des volumes de diffusion (7.1, 7.2) commandés de manière à être actifs en alternance.
  17. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 14 à 16, caractérisé en ce que les parcours de rayonnement d'au moins un émetteur de rayonnement (5.3) et d'au moins un récepteur de rayonnement (6.3) forment au moins un volume de diffusion (7.3) qui comprend au moins des parties de la surface (4.1) d'une plaque de recouvrement (4) qui recouvre l'avertisseur d'incendie (1), en ce qu'on obtient une première valeur (S33) de mesure du rayonnement diffus en commutant en mode actif l'émetteur de rayonnement (5.3) et le récepteur de rayonnement (6.3) à un premier instant (T1) lorsque la surface (4.1) de la plaque de recouvrement (4) est propre et en ce que cette valeur de mesure du rayonnement diffus est prédéterminée comme signal au repos qui caractérise une plaque de recouvrement (4) propre.
  18. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 14 à 17, caractérisé en ce qu'une valeur (S33x) de mesure de rayonnement diffus obtenue à un instant (Tx) ultérieur est comparée à la valeur (S33) de mesure de rayonnement diffus obtenue au premier instant (T1) et en ce qu'il est conclu que la plaque de recouvrement (4) est encrassée au cas où la relation S33x > S33 est vérifiée.
  19. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 14 à 18, caractérisé en ce qu'une valeur limite (G) peut être prédéterminée pour la valeur (S33x) de mesure de rayonnement diffus et en ce qu'un entretien de l'avertisseur d'incendie (1) est préconisé lorsque cette valeur limite (G) est dépassée.
  20. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 14 à 19, caractérisé en ce qu'au cas où la valeur (S33) de mesure du rayonnement diffus obtenue au premier instant (T1) n'est pas atteinte par une valeur (S33x) de mesure de la lumière diffuse obtenue à un instant ultérieur (Tx), il est conclu à une modification de la température ambiante et/ou à un vieillissement de l'émetteur de rayonnement (5.3).
  21. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 14 à 20, caractérisé en ce qu'au cas où une modification de la température ambiante et/ou un vieillissement de l'émetteur de rayonnement (5.3) sont constatés par comparaison, en particulier par formation du quotient des valeurs (S33) et (S33x) de mesure de rayonnement diffus, un facteur de correction (KF) est déduit.
  22. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 14 à 21, caractérisé en ce que l'émetteur de rayonnement (5.3) est alimenté en un courant corrigé du facteur de correction (KF).
  23. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 14 à 22, caractérisé en ce que les valeurs (S11, S22, S33, S33x, S12, S21) de mesure du rayonnement diffus sont obtenues sur des volumes de diffusion (7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5) disposés à différentes distances de la plaque de recouvrement (4) de l'avertisseur d'incendie (1).
  24. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 14 à 23, caractérisé en ce que le type de fumée est déterminé et des objets sont détectés par comparaison des valeurs (S11, S22, S33, S33x, S12, S21) de mesure du rayonnement diffus, en particulier par formation de quotients des valeurs (S11, S22, S33, S33x, S12, S21) de mesure de rayonnement diffus.
  25. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 14 à 24, caractérisé en ce que pour vérifier le bon fonctionnement des émetteurs de rayonnement (5.1, 5.2, 5.3) et des récepteurs de rayonnement (6.1, 6.2, 6.3) de l'avertisseur d'incendie (1), des émetteurs de rayonnement (5.1, 5.2, 5.3) et des récepteurs de rayonnement (6.1, 6.2, 6.3) de l'avertisseur d'incendie (1) sont commandés sélectivement et en ce qu'à l'intérieur de l'avertisseur d'incendie (1), un rayonnement provenant d'un émetteur de rayonnement (5.1, 5.2, 5.3) commandé sélectivement est amené à un récepteur de rayonnement (6.1, 6.2, 6.3) commandé sélectivement.
EP04817371A 2004-01-13 2004-11-23 D tecteur d'incendie pourvu de plusieurs volumes d'analyse Expired - Lifetime EP1728224B1 (fr)

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DE102004001699A1 (de) 2005-08-04
JP4096020B2 (ja) 2008-06-04
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US7978087B2 (en) 2011-07-12
US20080258925A1 (en) 2008-10-23
WO2005069242A1 (fr) 2005-07-28
EP1728224A1 (fr) 2006-12-06
JP2006526211A (ja) 2006-11-16

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