EP1782992A1 - Soupape de retournement avec fonction de sécurité en cas de dépression - Google Patents

Soupape de retournement avec fonction de sécurité en cas de dépression Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1782992A1
EP1782992A1 EP20060255088 EP06255088A EP1782992A1 EP 1782992 A1 EP1782992 A1 EP 1782992A1 EP 20060255088 EP20060255088 EP 20060255088 EP 06255088 A EP06255088 A EP 06255088A EP 1782992 A1 EP1782992 A1 EP 1782992A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
fluid
inlet
outlet
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20060255088
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1782992B1 (fr
Inventor
Moshe Ehrman
Omer Vulkan
Ilan Akian
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Raval ACAL
Original Assignee
Raval ACAL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Raval ACAL filed Critical Raval ACAL
Publication of EP1782992A1 publication Critical patent/EP1782992A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1782992B1 publication Critical patent/EP1782992B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
    • F16K17/36—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves actuated in consequence of extraneous circumstances, e.g. shock, change of position
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
    • B60K15/035—Fuel tanks characterised by venting means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K24/00—Devices, e.g. valves, for venting or aerating enclosures
    • F16K24/04—Devices, e.g. valves, for venting or aerating enclosures for venting only
    • F16K24/042—Devices, e.g. valves, for venting or aerating enclosures for venting only actuated by a float
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
    • B60K15/035—Fuel tanks characterised by venting means
    • B60K15/03519—Valve arrangements in the vent line
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/0753—Control by change of position or inertia of system
    • Y10T137/0874—Vent opening or closing on tipping container
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/2931—Diverse fluid containing pressure systems
    • Y10T137/3003—Fluid separating traps or vents
    • Y10T137/3084—Discriminating outlet for gas
    • Y10T137/309—Fluid sensing valve
    • Y10T137/3099—Float responsive
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7722—Line condition change responsive valves
    • Y10T137/7771—Bi-directional flow valves
    • Y10T137/7779—Axes of ports parallel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7722—Line condition change responsive valves
    • Y10T137/7837—Direct response valves [i.e., check valve type]
    • Y10T137/7879—Resilient material valve

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a roll over vent valve designed to allow, on the one hand, for the venting of fuel vapor from a vehicle fuel tank to the atmosphere or rather to a vapor recovery system such as a carbon canister, and, on the other hand, to ensure the closure of the valve under certain conditions.
  • a vapor recovery system such as a carbon canister
  • the valve of the present invention also permits airing the fuel tank at a substantially high flow-rate.
  • pressure drop within the fuel tank may result in damaging of the fuel tank (e.g. cracking thereof).
  • Pressure drop within the fuel tank may occur, for expel as a result of increased fuel consumption (e.g. during acceleration of the vehicle) and during drop of temperature and pressure changes (e.g. change of altitude).
  • the invention calls for a fuel valve for fitting in a vehicle's fuel tank, wherein an outlet port of the valve is typically coupled to a fuel treating device, e.g. a fuel canister.
  • a fuel treating device e.g. a fuel canister.
  • the valve according to the present invention is designed so as to allow for airing of the fuel tank upon under-pressure (vacuum) in the fuel tank, to thereby prevent damage thereof (bucking, cracking opening of wealds, etc.) which may cause fuel leaks, resulting in severe safety and environmental consequences.
  • Under-pressure within the fuel tank may occur for example due to increased fuel consumption by the vehicle's engine (e.g. upon accelerating or, going uphill), upon temperature changes where the fuel tank may shrink at cold temperatures, or upon pressure changes at different altitudes, etc.
  • a roll-over vent valve comprising a housing formed with a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, a valve seating bounding an outlet aperture of the housing, a float member received within the housing and axially displaceable between a sealed position wherein a sealing member thereof sealingly bears against the valve seating of the outlet aperture to seal the fluid outlet, and an open position wherein the sealing member is disengaged from the valve seating whereby the fluid outlet is in flow communication with the fluid inlet; a pressure-retention device extending intermediate the valve seating and the fluid outlet, to thereby shut fluid flow therebetween as long as pressure differential between the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet does not exceed a minimal pressure threshold; the valve characterized in that it further comprises a one-way fluid inlet valve being in flow communication with said fluid outlet to allow fluid flow towards said fluid inlet a substantially high flow rate at the event of under-pressure at the fluid inlet.
  • the one-way inlet valve is in the form of a cage formed within an inlet port being in flow communication with the fluid outlet and an outlet port being in flow communication with the fluid inlet, and a sealing member received within the cage and being displaceable between sealing engagement of the inlet port and disengagement therefrom at under-pressure conditions at the fluid inlet.
  • the sealing member of the one-way inlet valve is a flexible seal whereby at the event of under-pressure at the fluid inlet the flexible seal disengages from the inlet port and deforms so as to increase the flow section area through the inlet port.
  • the design of the valve is such that the inlet port of the one-way inlet valve is in flow communication with the fluid outlet of the valve through venting ducts overriding the pressure-retention device.
  • the pressure-retaining device may be a disc-type pressure retainer (spring biased, or not), a ball-type pressure retainer, or any other suitable pressure retaining device.
  • the inlet port of the cage is formed at a wall portion of the housing and the outlet port of the cage is formed at a cage closure fixed to the housing, wherein said outlet port is in flow communication with the fluid inlet of the valve.
  • the one-way inlet valve extends offset with respect to a longitudinal axis of the valve.
  • the one-way inlet valve is sealable regardless the position of the float member within the housing. Accordingly, the one-way valve may open to vent the fuel tank regardless if the float member is in its uppermost sealing position, i.e. whereby the sealing member sealingly bears against the valve seating of the outlet, or when the float member descends to its open position wherein the sealing member is disengaged from the valve seating.
  • the one-way inlet valve is designed for airing the valve at substantially high flow rate, of up to about 41/min.
  • the arrangement is such that the one-way inlet valve spontaneously seals at the event of rollover of the vehicle.
  • FIG. 1 there is illustrated a perspective view of the valve in accordance with the present invention generally designated 10, the valve comprising a cylindrical housing 12 formed with a flanged upper portion 14 adapted for welding (heat welding) within an aperture formed at an upper wall of a fuel tank (not shown) with only a top head portion 16 projecting therefrom, with a fuel outlet nozzle 18 extending therefrom and connectable to a fuel vapor treating device, e.g. canister (not shown).
  • a fuel vapor treating device e.g. canister
  • the housing 12 is formed with several fluid inlet apertures 22 at a bottom portion thereof.
  • a float member 26 which owing to longitudinal ribs 28 formed on the outer surface of float member 26, and corresponding recesses 32 formed on the inside surface of the housing 12, the float member 26 is restricted to only axially displacement within the housing, without the ability to angularly (rotationally) displace therewithin.
  • a coiled spring 34 is provided, said spring bearing at a lower end thereof against a tubular spring support 36 of the housing and at an upper end thereof against a spring seat 38 within a float retention cylinder 40, thereby biasing the float member 26 in an upper direction.
  • An elongated, strip-like, flexible membrane 42 is anchored at one end thereof 44 by means of an anchoring stud 46 to an upper wall of the float member 26, which is offset with respect to the longitudinal access of the housing 12 and with respect to an outlet 48 being in flow communication with a space 50 at the top portion 16 of the float and thus with the outlet nozzle 18 (Fig. 1).
  • Outlet 48 has a downwardly depending valve seating 56, formed at its lower-most end with an inclined, elongated outlet aperture 60 sealingly engageable by the strip-like, flexible membrane sealing member 42.
  • Float member 12 is biased upwardly into sealing engagement of the fluid outlet by means of the compression spring 34 which acts together with inherent buoyancy of the float member 26. These upwardly-directed forces (buoyancy and spring biasing) tend to seal the slit-like outlet aperture 56 by said sealing strip-like sealing member 42 as seen in the position of Fig. 3A.
  • the outlet chamber 50 comprises, above the fluid outlet 48, a pressure retention disk 70 which normally bears against a rimmed seating 72 of the downwardly depending fluid outlet funnel 48.
  • the arrangement is such that the pressure retention disk 70 is displaceable between a closed position (Figs. 3A and 3B) wherein it sealingly bears against the rim 72 to allow for a predetermined pressure buildup within the fuel tank (typically about 3 to 4 KPA, not shown) so as to shut off the sealing process upon sensing such pressure buildup within the fuel tank, as known per se.
  • a predetermined pressure buildup within the fuel tank typically about 3 to 4 KPA, not shown
  • the pressure retention disk 70 will disengage from the sealing rim 72 (see Fig.
  • the pressure-retaining device may be a disc-type pressure retainer (spring biased, or not), a ball-type pressure retainer, or any other suitable pressure retaining device.
  • the funnel shaped fluid outlet 48 there is a one-way inlet valve (Figs. 2B and 3B) comprising a cage structure 80 constituting of an upper wall portion 82 being part of the inside housing of the valve, and a bottom support member 84 fixedly attached thereto, e.g. by heat welding, sonic welding, etc., forming a space 86 within the cage 80.
  • the cage 80 is formed with an inlet port 90 being in flow communication with the upper space 50 of the valve, by means of venting ducts 94 overriding the pressure-retention disk 70 whereby the inlet port 90 is in flow communication with the fluid outlet nozzle 18 (Fig. 1) of the valve.
  • An outlet port 98 is formed in the closure member 84 of the cage 80 , said outlet port 98 being in flow communication with the fluid inlet apertures 22 of the valve.
  • a sealing member 100 in the form of a resilient seal (rectangle according to the present example and being sufficiently thin to maintain flexibility) displaceable within the cage 80 between sealing engagement of the inlet port 90 (Fig. 2B, and disengagement thereof, as seen in the position of Fig. 3B). Furthermore, owing to its resiliency, the sealing member 100 will not only displace from sealing engagement of the inlet port 90 , it will also deform so as to increase the effective section area of the inlet port 90 , to increase the flow rate into the valve and consequently into the fuel tank (not shown), at a flow rate of at of up to about 4 liters per minute.
  • the pressure-retention disk 70 is in its closed position, namely bearing against sealing rim 72 , so as to allow for pressure built within the fuel tank (to about 3 to 4 KPA) so as to shut off a fuel pump (not shown) and prevent refueling, as known in the art.
  • Figs. 2B and 3B it is illustrated how the one-way inlet valve cooperates with the roll-over vent valve of the present invention.
  • the sealing diaphragm 100 In the normal condition of the valve, when pressure within the fuel tank is maintained within predetermined pressure values (namely as long as the fuel tank is not at under pressure (vacuum); as already discussed hereinabove, over pressure of up to about 3 to 4 KPA is desired so as to prevent refueling) the sealing diaphragm 100 is in its sealed position of Fig. 2B, namely sealing the inlet port 90 to prevent fluid flow therethrough, in either direction, such that the roll-over vent functions as discussed hereinabove in conjunction with the pressure-retention disk.
  • the elasticity of the sealing member 100 together with the structure of the support member of cage 80 tend to retain the sealing member 100 sealingly engaged with the inlet port 90 of the one-way valve (Fig. 2B).
  • the sealing strip 100 detaches from the inlet port 90 (Fig. 3B) and it also deforms so as to increase the throughflow section area of the inlet port 90, to thus allow venting of the fuel tank at a substantially high flow rate, e.g. up to about 4 liters per minute.
  • the one-way inlet valve will spontaneously displace into its closed position (Fig. 2B) whereby fluid discharge is taken care of by means of the main fluid outlet 48 of the valve 10.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
  • Self-Closing Valves And Venting Or Aerating Valves (AREA)
  • Multiple-Way Valves (AREA)
EP20060255088 2005-11-08 2006-10-02 Soupape de retournement avec fonction de sécurité en cas de dépression Active EP1782992B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IL17182205 2005-11-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1782992A1 true EP1782992A1 (fr) 2007-05-09
EP1782992B1 EP1782992B1 (fr) 2011-11-23

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20060255088 Active EP1782992B1 (fr) 2005-11-08 2006-10-02 Soupape de retournement avec fonction de sécurité en cas de dépression

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US8109285B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1782992B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2007132514A (fr)
KR (1) KR100846527B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN100455862C (fr)
AT (1) ATE534543T1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2403482C2 (fr)

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KR100846527B1 (ko) * 2005-11-08 2008-07-15 라발 에이.씨.에스. 엘티디 롤 오버 벤트 밸브
WO2012029062A1 (fr) * 2010-09-02 2012-03-08 Raval A.C.S. Ltd. Vanne à renversement
WO2012123941A1 (fr) * 2011-03-14 2012-09-20 Raval A.C.S. Ltd. Soupape de carburant
CN113700917A (zh) * 2021-08-18 2021-11-26 皑壹智能汽车科技(嘉兴)有限公司 一种油箱排气阀

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US7883499B2 (en) 2007-03-09 2011-02-08 Icu Medical, Inc. Vial adaptors and vials for regulating pressure
WO2010022095A1 (fr) 2008-08-20 2010-02-25 Icu Medical, Inc. Adaptateurs de flacons anti-reflux
CN101382208B (zh) * 2008-10-17 2010-06-02 汪永明 电机阀
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JP6541349B2 (ja) 2011-08-18 2019-07-10 アイシーユー・メディカル・インコーポレーテッド 圧力調節バイアルアダプタ
US9360872B2 (en) * 2011-12-22 2016-06-07 Eaton Corporation Fuel tank vent valve assembly and method of assembly
CA2860589C (fr) 2012-01-13 2021-10-26 Icu Medical, Inc. Adaptateurs de flacon a regulation de pression et methodes associees
WO2013142618A1 (fr) 2012-03-22 2013-09-26 Icu Medical, Inc. Adaptateurs de flacon à régulation de pression
EP2948125B1 (fr) 2013-01-23 2019-05-22 ICU Medical, Inc. Adaptateurs pour flacon à régulation de pression
US9089475B2 (en) 2013-01-23 2015-07-28 Icu Medical, Inc. Pressure-regulating vial adaptors
CN115737437A (zh) 2013-07-19 2023-03-07 伊库医学有限公司 压力调节流体输送系统和方法
US9456701B2 (en) * 2014-06-13 2016-10-04 Aeris Technology LLC Valve assembly for controlling fluid communication between fluid chambers, inflatable device, and method
WO2015195844A1 (fr) 2014-06-20 2015-12-23 Icu Medical, Inc. Adaptateurs pour flacons destinés à réguler la pression
ES3037709T3 (en) 2016-01-29 2025-10-06 Icu Medical Inc Pressure-regulating vial adaptors
CN105927789A (zh) * 2016-06-30 2016-09-07 锐嘉（宜兴）科技有限公司 灭菌设备泄压装置
EP3518860B1 (fr) 2016-09-30 2025-11-26 ICU Medical, Inc. Dispositifs et procédés d'accès à un flacon à régulation de pression
CN106382170A (zh) * 2016-10-26 2017-02-08 江苏大学 一种具有自调节密封位置功能的内置坡度阀
CN108223868B (zh) * 2018-01-11 2023-09-26 何悦瑜 自动控制供水阀
JP2021011841A (ja) * 2019-07-04 2021-02-04 株式会社デンソー 蒸発燃料処理装置の密閉弁
CN114845898B (zh) * 2019-12-24 2025-08-12 百乐仕株式会社 阀装置
DE102020207834A1 (de) * 2020-06-24 2021-12-30 Alfmeier Präzision SE Entlüftungsventil mit prallwand als schwappschutz
US12123507B2 (en) * 2020-11-26 2024-10-22 Yingzhi Aiyi Intelligent Automotive Technologies (Jiaxing) Co., Ltd. Valve, multi-functional combination valve and CFLVV valve
KR102948608B1 (ko) * 2021-09-23 2026-04-03 현대자동차주식회사 자동차 연료탱크의 연료 넘침 방지 장치
CN114526957A (zh) * 2022-02-28 2022-05-24 邢妍 一种企业用水质监测深层水体取样装置及其使用方法

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KR100846527B1 (ko) * 2005-11-08 2008-07-15 라발 에이.씨.에스. 엘티디 롤 오버 벤트 밸브
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CN103097163A (zh) * 2010-09-02 2013-05-08 拉瓦尔A.C.S.公司 翻转阀
RU2568361C2 (ru) * 2010-09-02 2015-11-20 Равал А.К.С. Лтд. Гравитационный клапан
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CN103097163B (zh) * 2010-09-02 2016-10-12 拉瓦尔A.C.S.公司 翻转阀
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CN103459906A (zh) * 2011-03-14 2013-12-18 拉瓦尔农业合作社有限公司 燃料阀
RU2593328C2 (ru) * 2011-03-14 2016-08-10 Равал А.К.С. Лтд. Топливный клапан
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CN113700917A (zh) * 2021-08-18 2021-11-26 皑壹智能汽车科技(嘉兴)有限公司 一种油箱排气阀

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KR20070049588A (ko) 2007-05-11
US8109285B2 (en) 2012-02-07
CN1963275A (zh) 2007-05-16
RU2403482C2 (ru) 2010-11-10
CN100455862C (zh) 2009-01-28
JP2007132514A (ja) 2007-05-31
ATE534543T1 (de) 2011-12-15
EP1782992B1 (fr) 2011-11-23
KR100846527B1 (ko) 2008-07-15
US20070102043A1 (en) 2007-05-10

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