EP1891344A2 - Joint à rotule doté d'un dispositif détecteur et procédé de mesure d'usure - Google Patents

Joint à rotule doté d'un dispositif détecteur et procédé de mesure d'usure

Info

Publication number
EP1891344A2
EP1891344A2 EP06761651A EP06761651A EP1891344A2 EP 1891344 A2 EP1891344 A2 EP 1891344A2 EP 06761651 A EP06761651 A EP 06761651A EP 06761651 A EP06761651 A EP 06761651A EP 1891344 A2 EP1891344 A2 EP 1891344A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ball
ball joint
sensor device
force
sensor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06761651A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Metin Ersoy
Joachim Spratte
Michael Klank
Peter Hofmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Original Assignee
ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ZF Friedrichshafen AG filed Critical ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Publication of EP1891344A2 publication Critical patent/EP1891344A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C11/00—Pivots; Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/04—Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/06—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints
    • F16C11/0619—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints the female part comprising a blind socket receiving the male part
    • F16C11/0623—Construction or details of the socket member
    • F16C11/0647—Special features relating to adjustment for wear or play; Wear indicators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C11/00—Pivots; Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/04—Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/06—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60D—VEHICLE CONNECTIONS
    • B60D1/00—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices
    • B60D1/24—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices characterised by arrangements for particular functions
    • B60D1/30—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices characterised by arrangements for particular functions for sway control ; Sway alarm means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60D—VEHICLE CONNECTIONS
    • B60D1/00—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices
    • B60D1/24—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices characterised by arrangements for particular functions
    • B60D1/30—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices characterised by arrangements for particular functions for sway control ; Sway alarm means
    • B60D1/305—Sway alarm means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60D—VEHICLE CONNECTIONS
    • B60D1/00—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices
    • B60D1/58—Auxiliary devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C11/00—Pivots; Pivotal connections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C11/00—Pivots; Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/04—Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/06—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints
    • F16C11/0604—Construction of the male part
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C17/12—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement characterised by features not related to the direction of the load
    • F16C17/24—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement characterised by features not related to the direction of the load with devices affected by abnormal or undesired positions, e.g. for preventing overheating, for safety
    • F16C17/246—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement characterised by features not related to the direction of the load with devices affected by abnormal or undesired positions, e.g. for preventing overheating, for safety related to wear, e.g. sensors for measuring wear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C41/00—Other accessories, e.g. devices integrated in the bearing not relating to the bearing function as such
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C11/00—Pivots; Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/04—Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/06—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints
    • F16C11/0619—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints the female part comprising a blind socket receiving the male part
    • F16C11/0623—Construction or details of the socket member
    • F16C11/0628—Construction or details of the socket member with linings
    • F16C11/0633—Construction or details of the socket member with linings the linings being made of plastics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C11/00—Pivots; Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/04—Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/06—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints
    • F16C11/0619—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints the female part comprising a blind socket receiving the male part
    • F16C11/0623—Construction or details of the socket member
    • F16C11/0642—Special features of the plug or cover on the blind end of the socket
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2233/00—Monitoring condition, e.g. temperature, load, vibration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/01—Parts of vehicles in general
    • F16C2326/05—Vehicle suspensions, e.g. bearings, pivots or connecting rods used therein
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/32—Articulated members
    • Y10T403/32114—Articulated members including static joint
    • Y10T403/32196—Articulate joint is ball and socket
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/32—Articulated members
    • Y10T403/32606—Pivoted
    • Y10T403/32631—Universal ball and socket
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/32—Articulated members
    • Y10T403/32606—Pivoted
    • Y10T403/32631—Universal ball and socket
    • Y10T403/32713—Elastomerically biased or backed components
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/32—Articulated members
    • Y10T403/32606—Pivoted
    • Y10T403/32631—Universal ball and socket
    • Y10T403/32721—Elastomeric seat

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ball joint with sensor device, for example for an axle system or a wheel suspension of a motor vehicle, according to the preamble of patent claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for wear measurements on a ball joint according to claim 15.
  • Ball joints of the type mentioned initially for example, but by no means exclusively, on the chassis or on the suspension of motor vehicles -. as a ball joint or as a joint - for use.
  • Generic ball joints in this case comprise a sensor device with which forces and loads acting on the ball joint can be determined or measured.
  • Ball joints of the type mentioned with means for measuring forces or loads are used for example on the motor vehicle to be able to reliably determine the forces or bending moments acting on the ball joint in real driving operation, or even in the test mode on the test bench.
  • Such measurements of forces on ball joints in the area of Chassis of a motor vehicle allow conclusions about the driving dynamic condition of a motor vehicle. This can be achieved in particular an improvement of the database for driving safety systems such as ESP or ABS.
  • Generic ball joints thus serve, inter alia, to improve driving safety on the motor vehicle.
  • a ball joint with force sensor device is known for example from DE 101 07 279 Al.
  • the ball joint known from this publication serves, in particular, to determine or evaluate the force acting in a specific component of a motor vehicle, for example, the axial force present in a track rod due to reaction forces from the chassis.
  • it is provided according to the teaching of this document, inter alia, to provide a arranged between different components of the steering linkage ball joint in the ball stud with strain gauges or piezo-pressure transducers, and based on the signals of these sensors on the load of the ball joint and thus in the steering linkage to close acting axial forces.
  • the ball joint should enable a determination of forces or loads acting on the ball joint in a cost-effective and reliable manner and with a large constructive degree of freedom.
  • a statement about the state of wear of the ball joint should be able to be taken so that an approximately imminent failure of a ball joint can be detected in good time and thus prevented.
  • the ball joint according to the invention initially comprises a joint housing in a manner known per se.
  • the joint housing has a mostly substantially cylindrical interior, in which the ball socket of the ball joint is arranged.
  • the ball of the ball stud of the ball joint is slidably received.
  • the ball joint further comprises a sensor device for measuring forces or loads of the ball joint.
  • the ball joint is characterized in that the force sensor device is arranged on a flexurally elastic circuit board.
  • the board is located within the joint housing and is there bendably arranged so that they - can be exposed to a certain deflection - substantially unhindered by other components.
  • the force sensor device on the circuit board is designed such that deflections or mechanical stresses of the circuit board can be detected or measured by means of the force sensor device.
  • the ball joint further comprises transmission means, which are set up so that upon a deformation of the ball socket, a force or a bending moment can be introduced into the flexurally elastic circuit board.
  • a sensor device On the board, a sensor device is arranged, with which the mechanical stresses introduced into the board or the deflections of the board caused thereby can be measured.
  • an external load on the ball joint so inevitably changes the shape of the usually made of tough elastic polymer spherical shell at least slightly. This change in shape is forwarded via the transmission means of the ball joint on the flexurally elastic board and detected by the sensor arranged there.
  • the arrangement according to the invention of the board together with the sensor device is well protected inside the joint housing. This leads to a very robust and reliable, as well as a cost-effective design. Because there is no time-consuming separate attachment of sensors and subsequent wiring with the evaluation electronics longer required, but sensor and evaluation electronics can be integrated together on the board. Also, no mechanical changes to the ball stud or to the ball joint are more necessary, by the stability of the ball joint could be impaired. And the costs associated with it can be eliminated.
  • the sensor board is round, or the transmission means is formed by a substantially circumferential projection of the spherical shell.
  • the force sensor device is designed to measure both the size and the direction of deformation or deflection of the sensor board.
  • the sensor device arranged on the sensor board is designed such that in addition to the thickness of the deflection of the sensor board, the direction of deflection, or the direction of the deflection causing bending moment in the x-y plane can be determined.
  • the invention is first of all also realized independently of how the sensor board is arranged in the joint housing, or connected to the joint housing. According to preferred embodiments of the invention, however, the sensor board is engageable with a circumferentially disposed on the joint housing support member to the plant, wherein the support member is preferably formed by a spacer ring whose diameter differs from the diameter of the circumferential projection of the spherical shell.
  • a scissor-like clamping action is circumferentially exerted on the sensor board by the interaction of support element and transmission means.
  • This allows both an externally acting on the ball joint force with any force direction in the xy plane, as well as the present in the ball joint preload force of the ball socket reliably determined.
  • the ratio between the deformations of the spherical shell and the deflections of the sensor board, or the sensitivity of the sensor device dependent thereon can be in particular by appropriate adjustment of the diameter ratios of the spacer ring and the circulating transmission means and / or by changing the modulus of elasticity or flexural rigidity of the sensor board in wide Set limits variably.
  • the spacer ring on the housing cover of the ball joint can be brought to bear, or the spacer ring is formed integrally with the housing cover of the ball joint.
  • the sensor board can be brought to a support element to the plant, which is not connected to the joint housing, but also with the ball shell.
  • This embodiment may offer an even higher sensitivity of the force measurement, depending on its geometric design.
  • this embodiment allows a particularly simple mounting of the sensor board directly and directly on the ball socket.
  • the ball joint is further distinguished by an angle sensor device for determining the relative angular position of the joint housing and ball stud.
  • the angle sensor device has a field transmitter arranged in the region of the surface of the joint ball, in particular a permanent magnet, and a field sensor device arranged on the joint housing, in particular a magnetic field sensor.
  • the instantaneous relative angular position of the joint housing and ball studs of one and the same ball joint can also be determined.
  • the database for driving safety or driver assistance systems of a motor vehicle can be further increased, whereby additional improvements can be achieved in the driving safety of motor vehicles equipped in this way.
  • the field sensor device is arranged together with the force sensor device on the sensor board, wherein field sensor device and force sensor device are preferably formed in the form of a monolithic integrated circuit.
  • a ball joint with measuring capability for both forces and angular positions can be extremely cost-effective and at the same time reliable and robust.
  • This embodiment of the invention counteracts that already field sensor devices are available, which integrate both a measurement capability for magnetic fields in three-dimensional space, as well as additional force or deformation sensors for the x and y direction on one and the same monolithic circuit.
  • both the sensors and the evaluation circuits, and optionally also the digitization and circuits for the first processing of the measured values can be integrated in this way on the same sensor board, which also benefits the reliability, cost-effective manufacturability and universal applicability of a ball joint thus formed.
  • the field sensor device is designed as a CMOS Hall sensor arrangement, or designed for measuring fields in all three spatial directions.
  • a CMOS Hall sensor is first of all particularly inexpensive to manufacture and allows integration with the evaluation circuits in a relatively simple manner.
  • a ball joint with a field sensor device which can detect fields in all three spatial directions, that is, in other words, can detect the density and the direction of the field lines regardless of their orientation in three-dimensional space, has particular advantages. Because in this way can be determined at a ball joint both angular components of the composite of an x and y component tilt or swivel angle, as well as the rotation angle or the rotation of the ball stud about its own axis. The additional measurement of the ball pivot rotation angle provides additional information that can be used for example for driving safety systems on motor vehicles such as ABS and ESP, but also for applications such as the automatic headlamp leveling of the headlamps and the like.
  • the invention further relates to a method for measuring wear on a ball joint according to claim 15.
  • the method according to the invention serves to determine what proportion of the ball joint initially set in the manufacture of the ball joint preload force of the ball shell in the joint housing - after a certain period of operation of the ball joint - still remains.
  • the spherical shell of a ball joint is usually made of a viscoelastic polymer and is subject over the life of the ball joint both superficial wear due to the relative movement between the ball surface and ball shell, as well as a relaxation due to creep movements of the plastic. Both contribute to the fact that the preload in the ball joint deteriorates over time, which can increase the joint play, especially under load. Therefore, the decreasing magnitude of the biasing force over time can be used as an indicator of the current condition and the remaining life of a ball joint. Furthermore, it can be inferred from a rapidly decreasing in a short time biasing force in a ball joint on damage to the ball joint, for example, a damaged sealing bellows, with subsequently penetrated example in the ball joint aggressive salt water.
  • a first method step it is first checked whether one or more of the conditions "constant force or standstill load of the ball joint", “suitable relative position of the ball pin in the joint housing” or “movement standstill of the ball joint or of the motor vehicle” are present.
  • the height of the pretensioning force between ball socket and joint housing, or between spherical shell and joint ball is determined.
  • the corresponding wear value of the ball joint is subsequently calculated from the measurement signal or from the determined preload force.
  • the determined wear value is compared with a stored maximum value, and if the maximum value is exceeded, a warning is issued.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a ball joint according to the invention under lateral load in the longitudinal section
  • Figure 3 in a figure 1 and 2 corresponding representation and view of another embodiment of a ball joint according to the invention under axial force.
  • FIG. 1 shows, in a schematic longitudinal section, an embodiment of a ball and socket joint according to the invention.
  • the ball 3 of a ball stud 4 is arranged in the interior of the ball shell 2 again.
  • the ball joint according to FIG. 1 has a sensor board 6 arranged between joint ball 3 and housing cover 5.
  • the sensor device 7 is located in the vicinity of a magnetic field sensor 8 designed as a permanent magnet, which is arranged in a bore 10 of the joint ball 3 by means of a plastic plug 9.
  • the sensor device 7 is designed so that it can detect the field of the permanent magnet 8 in all three spatial directions, in other words can vectorially capture the field density and the direction of the field lines irrespective of their orientation in three-dimensional space. In this way, with the sensor device 7, both the pivot angle of the ball stud 4 in the joint housing 1 and, in addition, the orientation of the plane which is spanned by the pivot angle can be determined.
  • the sensor device 7 can vectorially determine the magnitude and direction of the field lines of the permanent magnet 8 in three-dimensional space, the amount of the angle of rotation about which the ball pin 4 is rotated or rotated within the joint housing 1 can additionally be measured.
  • both the actual field sensors, as well as the associated evaluation electronics and additional circuit elements, such as digitization or data bus connection, in the area of the sensor device 7 and on one and the same board 6 cost-effective, space-saving and protected accommodate.
  • the ball joint according to Figure 1 in addition to the measurement options for pan and rotation angle also has the ability to measure both the forces acting on the ball joint operating forces, as well as the remaining biasing force of the ball socket 2 in the joint housing 1 or monitor.
  • FIG. 1 It can be seen in FIG. 1 that a force F acting on the ball pin 4 from the left to the right, acting within the x-y plane, which occurs, for example, as a result of driving dynamic forces in an axle system of a motor vehicle. Due to the action of force by the force F, the spherical shell 2 consisting of tough-elastic polymer is elastically deformed, as shown in FIG. 1 in an oversized manner and greatly exaggerated for better visibility.
  • the sensor device 7 in addition to the vectorial magnetic field sensor and the evaluation electronics additionally includes the sensors for detecting deflections or mechanical stresses on the surface of the sensor board 6.
  • the deflections, or the mechanical stresses on the board surface can thus first of all conclusions about the magnitude of the force F after a corresponding sensor calibration.
  • the sensor device 7 can be designed so that not only the amount of deflection, but also the direction of the deflection, or the direction of the flexion causing bending moment in the xy plane, ie in the plane of the sensor board 6, can be determined , Since the changes in shape 11, 12 of the spherical shell 2 unfold their maxima in the same axial plane of the ball stud 4 as a function of the direction of the deformation force F, in which also the deformation force F runs, and the sensor board 6 depending on the direction of the deformation force F in each case in a characteristic manner deformed.
  • This characteristic deformation can then be detected with the aid of the sensor device 7 both in terms of their magnitude and their direction in the x-y plane, which in turn can be deduced both the magnitude and the direction of the force F in the x-y plane.
  • FIG. 2 again shows the ball joint according to FIG. 1, the ball joint according to FIG. 2 being acted upon by an axial force F 1 in contrast to the representation according to FIG.
  • the deformation 11, 12 of the spherical shell takes place symmetrically, or even circumferentially uniformly, due to the deformation force F 1 .
  • the sensor board 6 is uniformly curved over the circumferential projection 13, which serves as a means for transmitting the deformations of the spherical shell 2 to the sensor board 6, in all directions. Again, this is shown in Figure 2 on the basis of a not to scale and greatly oversubscribed deflection of the sensor board 6.
  • the sensor device 7 records a mechanical tension or deflection of the sensor board 7 of equal magnitude in both directions x and y, then this can be interpreted either as an axial compressive force P or as a static prestressing force of the spherical shell 2, depending on the currently existing boundary conditions ,
  • the boundary conditions which must be considered, which contribute to the interpretation of the measured force as a biasing force it may be, for example, but by no means exclusively, the instantaneous relative position of ball stud and joint housing, for example, to a neutral position of a steering linkage and / or standstill of a motor vehicle indicate a sustained constant force for a longer time, or a movement arrest of the ball joint also measured by means of sensor arrangement 7.
  • the instantaneous relative position of ball stud and joint housing for example, to a neutral position of a steering linkage and / or standstill of a motor vehicle indicate a sustained constant force for a longer time, or a movement arrest of the ball joint also measured by means of sensor arrangement 7.
  • the instantaneous relative position of ball stud and joint housing for example, to a neutral position of a steering linkage and / or standstill of a motor vehicle indicate a sustained constant force for a longer time, or a movement arrest of the ball joint also measured by means of sensor arrangement 7.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of a ball and socket joint according to the present invention.
  • the difference between the ball joint according to FIG. 3 and the ball joint according to FIG. 1 or 2 lies in the fact that the sensor board 6 no longer lies between one on the housing cover 5 Spacer ring 14 (see Figure 1 and 2) and the circumferential projection 13 is arranged and clamped. Rather, in the ball joint according to Figure 3 holder and transmission of the deformations of the spherical shell 2 in the form of bending moments on the sensor board 6 by means of circumferential projection 13 'and the likewise encircling and also on the spherical shell 2 itself arranged latching projection 15th
  • This embodiment is characterized in that - in particular depending on the constructive concretely selected geometry of the projections 13 'and 15 - a particularly high responsiveness of the sensor board 6 and the sensors arranged thereon 7 can be achieved, whereby a ball joint with a particularly high measurement resolution with respect to the forces acting, and / or with respect to determining the remaining in the ball joint biasing force of the spherical shell 2 is available.
  • a ball joint or a method for measuring wear on a ball joint in which the reliable detection of the operating and load condition of the ball joint is made possible.
  • the ball joint according to the invention allows in a cost-effective and reliable manner and with a large constructive degree of freedom to determine forces or loads acting on the ball joint.
  • a reliable statement about the state of wear of the ball joint can be made so that an approximately imminent failure of the ball joint can be detected and prevented in good time.
  • the invention thus makes a valuable contribution to the improvement of safety, reliability and failure prevention in ball joints and with regard to increasing the database of rempliassistenzsjrstemen, especially when using ball joints in the field of sophisticated axle systems and suspension on the motor vehicle. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un joint à rotule, par exemple, d'un système d'essieux d'un véhicule automobile, ainsi qu'un procédé de mesure d'usure d'un joint à rotule. Le joint à rotule présente un boîtier (1) qui a sensiblement la forme d'un anneau ou d'un pot et qui abrite dans une cavité sensiblement cylindrique un coussinet sphérique (2). Le coussinet sphérique (2) loge la rotule (3) d'un pivot à rotule (4) de manière à ce qu'elle puisse glisser. Le joint à rotule comprend également un dispositif détecteur (7) destiné à la mesure de forces ou de charges. Le joint à rotule est caractérisé en ce que le dispositif détecteur (7) est placé sur une platine flexible (6). La platine est fixée de manière flexible dans le boîtier (1), le dispositif détecteur (7) étant destiné à la mesure de flexions ou de tensions mécaniques de la platine détecteur (6). Le joint à rotule comprend des moyens de transmission qui permettent, lors d'une déformation du coussinet sphérique (2), d'introduire une force ou un moment de flexion dans la platine détecteur (6). Le joint à rotule selon l'invention est robuste et économique à produire et permet la mesure de forces et de charges qui agissent sur le joint à rotule. Le procédé selon l'invention permet une détermination permanente de l'état d'usure du joint à rotule par la mesure d'une force de précontrainte du coussinet sphérique.
EP06761651A 2005-06-15 2006-06-14 Joint à rotule doté d'un dispositif détecteur et procédé de mesure d'usure Withdrawn EP1891344A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005027826A DE102005027826B3 (de) 2005-06-15 2005-06-15 Kugelgelenk mit Sensoreinrichtung und Verfahren zur Verschleißmessung
PCT/DE2006/001019 WO2006133682A2 (fr) 2005-06-15 2006-06-14 Joint à rotule doté d'un dispositif détecteur et procédé de mesure d'usure

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1891344A2 true EP1891344A2 (fr) 2008-02-27

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06761651A Withdrawn EP1891344A2 (fr) 2005-06-15 2006-06-14 Joint à rotule doté d'un dispositif détecteur et procédé de mesure d'usure

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US7762736B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1891344A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2008546955A (fr)
KR (1) KR20080022077A (fr)
CN (1) CN101198800B (fr)
DE (1) DE102005027826B3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006133682A2 (fr)

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Also Published As

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CN101198800A (zh) 2008-06-11
US20090136288A1 (en) 2009-05-28
JP2008546955A (ja) 2008-12-25
WO2006133682A3 (fr) 2007-03-01
WO2006133682A2 (fr) 2006-12-21
KR20080022077A (ko) 2008-03-10
DE102005027826B3 (de) 2007-01-18
CN101198800B (zh) 2010-05-19
US7762736B2 (en) 2010-07-27

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