EP1922908A2 - Procede de fonctionnement d'un chalumeau au plasma/vapeur d'eau et appareil de decoupe a la vapeur d'eau - Google Patents

Procede de fonctionnement d'un chalumeau au plasma/vapeur d'eau et appareil de decoupe a la vapeur d'eau

Info

Publication number
EP1922908A2
EP1922908A2 EP06774763A EP06774763A EP1922908A2 EP 1922908 A2 EP1922908 A2 EP 1922908A2 EP 06774763 A EP06774763 A EP 06774763A EP 06774763 A EP06774763 A EP 06774763A EP 1922908 A2 EP1922908 A2 EP 1922908A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cathode
anode
workpiece
current
steam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06774763A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1922908B1 (fr
Inventor
Heribert Pauser
Alexander Speigner
Andreas Starzengruber
Max Stöger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fronius International GmbH
Original Assignee
Fronius International GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fronius International GmbH filed Critical Fronius International GmbH
Publication of EP1922908A2 publication Critical patent/EP1922908A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1922908B1 publication Critical patent/EP1922908B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/36—Circuit arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a steam plasma burner with a cathode and an anode formed as a nozzle for processing a workpiece, wherein during operation between the cathode and the anode and or or the workpiece via a current source, a current is impressed, wherein after the Igniting a pilot arc between the cathode and the anode when approaching the water vapor plasma torch to the workpiece between the cathode and the workpiece formed a working arc and the pilot arc is extinguished by switching off the power source of the anode and the current is increased to a predetermined working current.
  • the invention relates to a steam cutting machine with a steam plasma burner with a cathode and an anode formed as a nozzle, a current source which is connected to the cathode on the one hand and the workpiece to be machined and the anode on the other hand, and with a control device for controlling a switch in the Connection between the power source and the anode.
  • the water or the liquid is conducted from a tank via a corresponding line to the burner and heated there by means of a heater to steam and passed through corresponding channels in the combustion chamber, where it generates a plasma as a plasma-forming medium.
  • the plasma jet exits the nozzle without current, where it can be used to melt workpieces due to the high energy density.
  • a connection of workpieces can also be carried out by means of a steam plasma burner.
  • the heating element of the steam plasma burner After switching on a steam cutting device, the heating element of the steam plasma burner, which vaporizes the liquid medium, is turned on so that the operating temperature is reached.
  • the steam plasma burner When the operating temperature is reached, the steam plasma burner is in "standby" mode, and to bring the steam plasma burner into operation, a so-called pilot arc is initiated between the cathode and the anode Plasma gas, which drives the arc through the outlet opening of the nozzle formed as a nozzle to the outside. In this state, the burner is in the so-called “non-transferred mode".
  • a partial current begins to flow across the workpiece to the cathode, resulting in the formation of a working arc between the workpiece and the cathode when a certain current is exceeded.
  • the pilot arc is switched off by switching off the power source and the current is increased to the desired cutting current, so that the machining of the workpiece can be started. This mode is called the "transmitted mode”.
  • WO 2004/022276 A1 also shows a plasma torch in which various operating currents and voltages are monitored in order to optimize the switching from the pilot arc into an operating arc.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an above-mentioned method for operating a steam plasma burner, by means of which an optimal switching of the operating states can be achieved.
  • a substantially uninterrupted machining of workpieces and thus an optimal machining result is to be achieved.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an above-mentioned steam cutting apparatus by which optimum operation of the steam plasma burner can be achieved.
  • the first object of the invention is achieved by an above-mentioned method in which the voltage between the cathode and the workpiece is monitored during operation and the current source is switched back to the anode to regenerate the pilot arc as soon as the voltage exceeds a threshold value.
  • the essence of the method according to the invention lies in the rapid changeover from the transferred mode to the non-transferred mode as soon as the water vapor plasma torch is moved too far away from the workpiece and the extinction of the working arc is imminent.
  • the removal of the water vapor plasma separator from the workpiece is determined by measuring the voltage between the cathode and the workpiece.
  • the anode of the steam plasma burner is switched back to the power source and thereby the pilot arc between the cathode and anode is ignited again, the burner remains in the non-transmitted mode even when the work arc.
  • cooling of the burner is prevented by the supplied plasma-capable medium and achieved an immediate continuation of the operation in Wiedererich the desired distance of the burner from the workpiece.
  • the connection of the power source to the anode must be made as soon as possible after exceeding the threshold value for the voltage between the cathode and the workpiece, so that it can be ensured that the pilot arc is ignited before the expiry of the working arc.
  • the threshold value is adjustable, so that different working parameters and types of burners can be taken into account.
  • different threshold values depending on the steam plasma burner used are stored in a memory, and can be called up or set.
  • the working current during operation is advantageously designed to be adjustable.
  • the strength of the working current is adapted to the workpiece to be machined.
  • the current source is switched away from the anode when the current between the workpiece and the cathode exceeds a threshold value.
  • a threshold value By monitoring the flow between the workpiece and the cathode, the partial flow between the cathode and the workpiece, which begins to flow as the burner approaches the workpiece, is monitored. As soon as the measured current exceeds a defined threshold value, the pilot arc is extinguished by switching off the current source from the anode, so that only the working arc burns. This represents switching from non-transmitted mode to transmitted mode.
  • the power source is given time from the anode, as soon as the current exceeds the threshold. Setting this time ensures that the pilot arc will burn for a while before it is cleared. As a result, too high switching frequencies, which would burden the switch, and the occurrence of a vibration are prevented.
  • the time duration can be achieved by starting a timer at the time of detection of the exceeding of the threshold value.
  • the period of time over which the pilot arc must at least burn, before it is extinguished in the range between 1 and 1.4 ms.
  • the threshold value of the current between the workpiece and the cathode is likewise preferably adjustable.
  • the pilot arc can be ignited by applying a high-frequency voltage between the cathode and the anode.
  • the pilot arc is ignited by lifting an axially displaceable cathode of the anode.
  • the cathode at the anode In this state, therefore, there is a short circuit between the cathode and anode.
  • the cathode is preferably automatically lifted by the supplied liquid medium of the steam plasma burner from the anode, so that a pilot arc between the cathode and the anode can be ignited.
  • the voltage between the cathode and anode can be measured and compared with the voltage between the cathode and the workpiece and reduced in accordance with the working current. This ensures that when the cathode and anode meet, the working current is reduced, which leads to protection of the cathode and anode.
  • the voltage between cathode and anode can be measured and upon detection of a short circuit, the removal of the power source from the anode can be prevented.
  • it can be prevented that an arc is ignited when the anode and cathode are short-circuited between the burner and the workpiece. Only after ignition of a pilot arc between the nozzle and cathode, which is possible only when opening the short circuit between the anode and cathode, the switching off of the pilot arc and thus the achievement of the transmitted mode is possible.
  • connection and / or disconnection of the current source from the anode is carried out, for example, in steps or ramps according to a predetermined function, the components can be protected since the switching does not take place abruptly.
  • the flow rate of the water or the liquid of the steam plasma burner is adjustable.
  • the cooling of the burner can be improved by increasing the flow rate.
  • the object of the invention is also achieved by an above-mentioned steam cutting device with a device for measuring the voltage between the cathode and the workpiece, which measuring device is connected to the control device.
  • a device for measuring the voltage between the cathode and the workpiece which measuring device is connected to the control device.
  • the control device By detecting the voltage between the cathode workpiece, it can be compared in the control device with a predetermined threshold value and controlled accordingly in the sequence of switches in the connection between the power source and the anode.
  • a device for measuring the current between the cathode and the workpiece is provided, which measuring device is connected to the control device.
  • This can be a targeted switching from non-transferred mode in the transmitted mode when exceeding a certain threshold for the current between the cathode and the workpiece.
  • Another advantage is a device for measuring the current between the workpiece and the cathode, which measuring device is connected to the control device. Through this electricity metering tion, the working current can be recorded during operation.
  • control device is formed by an analog circuit, the required or low switching times, in particular when switching from the transmitted mode to the non-transmitted mode, can be achieved. These can usually not be achieved by a software-based solution in a control device formed by a microcontroller.
  • the switch is preferably formed by a transistor, in particular an IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor).
  • IGBT insulated gate bipolar transistor
  • a memory for storing predetermined threshold values is provided, which is connected to the control device.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a steam cutting device
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a steam plasma separator in the idle state
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a steam plasma separator in the untransmitted mode
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of a steam plasma burner in the transferred mode.
  • a steam cutting device 1 is shown with a base unit Ia for a steam cutting process.
  • the reason- Device Ia comprises a current source 2, a control device 3 and a blocking element 4 associated with the control device 3.
  • the blocking element 4 is connected to a container 5 and a steam plasma burner 6, which comprises a burner handle 6a and a burner body ⁇ b, via a supply line 7, so that the steam plasma burner 6 can be supplied with a liquid 8 arranged in the container 5.
  • the supply of the steam plasma burner 6 with electrical energy via lines 9, 10 from the power source. 2
  • a cooling circuit 11 For cooling the steam plasma burner 6 this is connected via a cooling circuit 11 at best with the interposition of a flow monitor 12 with a liquid container 13.
  • the cooling circuit 11 can be started by the control device 3 and thus a cooling of the burner 6 via the cooling circuit 11 can be achieved.
  • the burner 6 is connected via cooling lines 14, 15 with the liquid container 13.
  • the basic device Ia can have an input and / or display device 16, via which the most different parameters or operating modes of the steam cutting device 1 can be set and displayed.
  • the parameters set via the input and / or display device 16 are forwarded to the control device 3, which controls the individual components of the steam cutting device 1 accordingly.
  • the steam plasma burner 6 can have at least one operating element 17, in particular a pushbutton 18, via which the user can inform the controller 3 by activating and / or deactivating the button 18 of the burner 6 that a steam cutting process is started or carried out should.
  • presettings can be made, for example, at the input and / or display device 16, in particular that the material to be cut, the liquid used and, for example, characteristics of the current and the voltage are predefined.
  • further controls on the burner 6 may be arranged via the one or more operating parameters of the steam cutting device 1 are set by the burner 6 from. For this purpose, these controls can be connected directly via lines or via a bus system to the base unit Ia, in particular the control device 3.
  • the control device 3 activates after pressing the button 18, the individual components required for the steam cutting process. For example, first a pump (not shown), the blocking element 4 and the current source 2 are driven, whereby a supply of the burner 6 with the liquid 8 and electrical energy is introduced. Subsequently, the control device 3 activates the cooling circuit 11, so that a cooling of the burner 6 is made possible. By supplying the burner 6 with the liquid 8 and with energy, in particular with current and voltage, the liquid 8 is now in the burner 6 in a gas 19, in particular in plasma, converted at high temperature, so that by the burner from the sixth outflowing gas 19, a cutting process on a workpiece 20 can be performed.
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 show schematic representations of a steam plasma burner 6 according to the invention in various operating states.
  • the steam plasma burner 6 has a housing 21, in which a cathode 22 is arranged, which is connected to the power source 2.
  • the anode 24 formed as a nozzle 23 is connected to the positive pole of the power source 2.
  • the axially displaceable cathode 22 is pressed against the nozzle 23. In this mode, no arc can be ignited between the cathode 22 and the anode 24 because of a short circuit.
  • the heater contained in the water vapor plasma burner 6 for evaporating the water can already be turned on, so that the working fluid is already preheated.
  • the supply of the liquid medium, in particular water, is turned on, whereby the axially displaceable cathode 22 lifts off from the nozzle 23 and at Vorhan- A pilot arc between the cathode 22 and the anode 24 is ignited in response to a corresponding current.
  • the ignition of a pilot arc can also be done by connecting a high-frequency voltage.
  • the water evaporated in the heater is conducted into the combustion chamber where it serves as a medium for a plasma jet.
  • the plasma jet is forced out through the opening 25 in the anode 24 formed as a nozzle 23 and can be used for cutting but also joining workpieces 20 due to its high energy density.
  • the steam plasma burner 6 is in the so-called non-transferred mode.
  • a control device 25 which controls a switch 30 between the current source 2 and the anode 24 of the steam plasma burner 6 , Specifically, the voltage U NÜE between the cathode 22 and the anode 24 by means of a voltage meter 26 and the current I 0E from the positive pole of the power source 2 to the workpiece 20 by means of a current measuring device 28 are detected.
  • the voltage U ÜE between the cathode 22 and the workpiece 20 by means of the voltage measuring device 27 and the current I CÜT from the negative pole of the power source 2 to the cathode 22 of the steam plasma burner can be determined using an ammeter 29.
  • the detected data is supplied to the controller 25 which controls the switch for connecting the positive pole of the power source 2 to the anode 24.
  • it is detected via the voltage U NUE between the cathode 22 and the anode 24 of the steam plasma burner , which is detected by means of the voltage measuring device 26, when the short circuit between the cathode 22 and the anode or nozzle 24 has been canceled. Only then can the pilot arc between the cathode 22 and the anode 24 be ignited.
  • the power source 2 is disconnected from the anode 24.
  • the arc forcibly deflects from the cathode 22 to the workpiece 20 and the current of the current source 2 can be increased to a specific cutting current I OT ⁇ .
  • the steam plasma burner 6 is in the so-called transferred mode.
  • the voltage between the cathode 22 and the workpiece increases as the current source 2 tends to maintain the adjusted cutting current I C u ⁇ .
  • control device 3 acts in the switching process.
  • a switching signal must be generated or deleted by the control device 3, wherein the control device 3 releases the switch 30 only when a threshold value for the switching signal is exceeded, ie, that only For example, if the switching signal exceeds 50V, switching from the non-transmitted mode to the transmitted mode is possible.
  • a threshold value for the switching signal ie, that only For example, if the switching signal exceeds 50V, switching from the non-transmitted mode to the transmitted mode is possible.
  • the analog control device 25 By the release of the control device 3, it is then possible for the analog control device 25 to open the switch 30 so that the arc can then be switched to the workpiece 20. This ensures that no arc between the nozzle 23 and the workpiece 20 can burn without the cathode 22 is lifted from the anode 24. For example, if the cathode 22 is not removed from the anode 24, it would not be possible during operation to switch between the transmitted mode and the non-transmitted mode. This also ensures that a safe heating of the burner 6 is achieved via the pilot arc, so that only water vapor exits the burner 6. By this intervention of the control device 3, this is prevented, since only an ignition between the nozzle 23 and cathode 24 must be made to clear this signal or to generate a corresponding signal, so that switching of the switch 30 is possible.
  • control device 3 can also take place in such a way that in the transmitted mode, ie where the arc between the workpiece 20 and cathode 22 burns when switching back to the non-transferred mode, ie the pilot arc, the control device 3 monitors the pilot arc. ie, that the pilot arc over a certain time, preferably 1, 2msec, between the nozzle 23 and the cathode 24 must burn, whereupon it is queried where the current now flows before the arc can be switched back to the workpiece 20 and the pilot arc is maintained. This ensures that a swing, so switch back and forth, can not occur because the switch used 30 high switching frequencies can not stand.
  • circuit design can be digital or analog, whereby the control means 25 is integrated in the control device 3 or realized by this in a digital structure.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fonctionnement d'un chalumeau au plasma/vapeur d'eau (6) comprenant une cathode (22) et une anode (24) se présentant sous la forme d'une buse (23), et permettant d'usiner une pièce (20). Pendant le fonctionnement, un courant est cédé entre la cathode (22) et l'anode (24) et/ou la pièce (20) par une source de courant (2). Après allumage d'un arc électrique pilote entre la cathode (22) et l'anode (24) lors que le chalumeau à plasma/vapeur d'eau (6) s'approche de la pièce (20), un arc électrique de travail se forme entre la cathode (22) et la pièce (20) ; l'arc électrique pilote est supprimé de l'anode (24) par déconnexion de la source de courant (2) et le courant est augmenté à un courant de travail donné. Pour obtenir un fonctionnement optimal d'un chalumeau au plasma/vapeur d'eau, on surveille pendant le mode marche la tension (U<SUB>UE</SUB>) entre la cathode (22) et la pièce (20) et pour la reformation de l'arc électrique pilote, la source de courant (2) est à nouveau branchée à l'anode (24) dès que la tension (U<SUB>UE</SUB>) dépasse une valeur seuil (I<SUB>UEs</SUB>).
EP06774763A 2005-09-09 2006-09-06 Procede de fonctionnement d'un chalumeau au plasma de vapeur d'eau et appareil de decoupage a la vapeur d'eau Not-in-force EP1922908B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0148205A AT502422B1 (de) 2005-09-09 2005-09-09 Verfahren zum betreiben eines wasserdampfplasmabrenners und wasserdampf-schneidgerät
PCT/AT2006/000365 WO2007028182A2 (fr) 2005-09-09 2006-09-06 Procede de fonctionnement d'un chalumeau au plasma/vapeur d'eau et appareil de decoupe a la vapeur d'eau

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1922908A2 true EP1922908A2 (fr) 2008-05-21
EP1922908B1 EP1922908B1 (fr) 2012-04-11

Family

ID=37395996

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06774763A Not-in-force EP1922908B1 (fr) 2005-09-09 2006-09-06 Procede de fonctionnement d'un chalumeau au plasma de vapeur d'eau et appareil de decoupage a la vapeur d'eau

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20090266799A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1922908B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4907660B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN101288347B (fr)
AT (2) AT502422B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007028182A2 (fr)

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JP5302046B2 (ja) * 2009-02-25 2013-10-02 株式会社ダイヘン プラズマキーホール溶接のスタート方法
JPWO2012172630A1 (ja) * 2011-06-13 2015-02-23 トヨタ自動車株式会社 表面加工装置及び表面加工方法
US8795919B2 (en) 2011-11-29 2014-08-05 Societe BIC & Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. Fuel cell layer
AT514555B1 (de) 2013-08-27 2015-02-15 Fronius Int Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Plasmastrahls
US9666415B2 (en) * 2015-02-11 2017-05-30 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Heated air plasma treatment
CN110434905A (zh) * 2019-09-02 2019-11-12 包丽珠 一种利用直流电逆变切割纤维的震荡式刀具

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1922908B1 (fr) 2012-04-11
JP2009506892A (ja) 2009-02-19
WO2007028182A2 (fr) 2007-03-15
WO2007028182A3 (fr) 2007-07-26
US20090266799A1 (en) 2009-10-29
CN101288347A (zh) 2008-10-15
ATE553635T1 (de) 2012-04-15
AT502422B1 (de) 2007-06-15
AT502422A1 (de) 2007-03-15
CN101288347B (zh) 2012-12-26
JP4907660B2 (ja) 2012-04-04

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