EP2054675A1 - Chaudière - Google Patents

Chaudière

Info

Publication number
EP2054675A1
EP2054675A1 EP07800360A EP07800360A EP2054675A1 EP 2054675 A1 EP2054675 A1 EP 2054675A1 EP 07800360 A EP07800360 A EP 07800360A EP 07800360 A EP07800360 A EP 07800360A EP 2054675 A1 EP2054675 A1 EP 2054675A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
space
combustion
opening
hollow
panel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07800360A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2054675B1 (fr
Inventor
Severel Paskov Parvanov
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2054675A1 publication Critical patent/EP2054675A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2054675B1 publication Critical patent/EP2054675B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
    • F24H1/26—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
    • F24H1/28—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body including one or more furnace or fire tubes
    • F24H1/287—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body including one or more furnace or fire tubes with the fire tubes arranged in line with the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B40/00—Combustion apparatus with driven means for feeding fuel into the combustion chamber
    • F23B40/04—Combustion apparatus with driven means for feeding fuel into the combustion chamber the fuel being fed from below through an opening in the fuel-supporting surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F23K3/10—Under-feed arrangements
    • F23K3/14—Under-feed arrangements feeding by screw
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/0005—Details for water heaters
    • F24H9/0042—Cleaning arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
    • F28G3/00—Rotary appliances
    • F28G3/10—Rotary appliances having scrapers, hammers, or cutters, e.g. rigidly mounted
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H2230/00—Solid fuel fired boiler

Definitions

  • the invention is applicable in the sphere of heat supply, in particular for home heating and heating water for domestic purposes, by burning biofuel.
  • a heating boiler operating only with pellets is known [1], which consists of a coated with heat- insulating material tetrahedral-prism-shaped body, at the bottom of which is located a hearth, in the shape of a double- wall jacket with numerous openings over its inner surface, through which it is in connection with a primary air source.
  • the primary-air inlet is situated on the lateral surface of the double- wall jacket.
  • a screw, feeding the biofuel is mounted on the lower part of the hearth, connected to a driving mechanism. Above the front part of the screw, outside the body of the boiler, is envisioned a bunker for the biofuel.
  • a connected- to- the upper part- of the- body heat exchanger which has vertical channels for the flue gases.
  • a housing for guiding the flue gases which is in the shape of a frustum of a cone, turned with its larger base downwards.
  • a hollow ring-shaped body At the upper part of the gas- guiding housing, immediately before the inlet of the heat exchanger, is envisioned a hollow ring-shaped body, over the inner cylindrical surface of which are situated outlet openings.
  • the space of the hollow ring-shaped body is connected to a fan for secondary air via a pipeline.
  • Above the upper part and above the heat exchanger there is formed a space for the flue gases, above which is situated a metal reflecting plate.
  • the body is provided with flue-gases outlet.
  • the heat exchanger has an inlet and an outlet for the heat- conductor.
  • This heating boiler can operate only with pellets and has a comparatively low efficiency, due to the fact that combustion is performed in a hearth, over the inner surrounding surface of which primary air is supplied to the biofuel through many openings.
  • the combustion of the biofuel is incomplete because the primary air does not reach, or only reduced quantity of it reaches the biofuel, located along the axis of the hearth.
  • the pressure of the primary air, going out of the different openings of the hearth to the biofuel is different, resulting from the lateral feeding of primary air to the hollow space of the double- wall housing. This accounts for the uneven and incomplete combustion of the biofuel.
  • the possibility for deposition of a large quantity of soot over the walls of the heat exchanger additionally reduces the efficiency, due to the obstructed heat exchange through them.
  • Another problem of the known boiler is that, because of the incomplete and uncontrolled combustion of the biofuel, a significant amount of environmentally- harmful emissions are released into the atmosphere.
  • the aim of the invention is to create a heating boiler of higher efficiency and reduced amount of environmentally- harmful, dismissed into the atmosphere, emissions, operating with pellets as well as with other kind of biofuel.
  • the solution to this aim is a heating boiler, which consists of a coated with insulating-material body, covered with a lid, at the lower part of which is envisined a hearth.
  • a biofuel- feeding screw Under the lower part of the hearth is positioned a biofuel- feeding screw, connected with a driving mechanism.
  • the hearth has a number of openings through which it is connected to a source of primary air.
  • a bunker for the biofuel Above the front part of the screw, outside the body of the boiler, is envisioned a bunker for the biofuel.
  • Above the hearth is mounted a heat exchanger, connected to the upper part of the body, through which passes a heat conductor.
  • the heat exchanger has vertical channels for the flue gases.
  • the body is cylindrical and built of connected upper and lower chambers in a fixed position.
  • the lower chamber is double-walled and is made of a concentrically positioned inner and outer body.
  • the outer body has a flat horizontal bottom, while the inner body has a profile bottom and is at a distance from the bottom of the outer body.
  • the formed between them space is connected to the inlet of the heat conductor.
  • the combustion panel is a hollow door, whose inner space is divided into two separate chambers by a diagonal barrier. One of the spaces of the hollow door of the combustion panel, through an opening on the outer wall of the combustion panel, is connected to the source of secondary-air.
  • the hearth is a hollow horizontal combustion plate with a central cylindrical opening, running through the whole height of the combustion plate. Around the central opening and all over the upper surface of the combustion plate are located a number of openings for primary air. On the lower part of the combustion plate, and concentrically to the cylindrical opening, there is formed a second opening.
  • the lower end of the central cylindrical opening of the combustion plate is connected to an inner pipe, which consists of an elbow and a straight section, along the axis and the whole length of which is mounted the biofuel- feeding screw.
  • the axis of the screw intercepts the horizontal at 3° to 8° .
  • the inner pipe concentrically enclosed by an outer pipe.
  • the formed between the two pipes space is connected, on the one side, to the fan for primary air, and on the other side to the inner space of the combustion plate through its second opening.
  • the inner pipe runs through the combustion panel, and above its back end is connected a vertical furrow, which, though a fire-safety dose- pump, is connected to the biofuel- bunker's outlet.
  • a pipe which is connected at its outer end to an ignition device, located outside the body of the boiler, while its other end is situated in the space of the inner pipe, immediately under the central opening of the burning plate.
  • a reflecting disk is mounted above the hollow ring-shaped airline.
  • the inner space of the ring-shaped airline is connected to the fan for secondary air, through one of the spaces of the combustion panel.
  • the openings of the hollow ring-shaped airline for secondary air are located in parallel horizontal rows, the diameter of the openings of every following ascending row being bigger than the diameter of the preceding one.
  • the heat exchanger is mounted in the upper chamber, and below the cover, and at some distance from it, is positioned a reflecting plate with openings, connected in a fixed position to the upper chamber.
  • the heat exchanger consists of a number of vertical and parallel to one another smoke tubes, located under every opening of the reflecting plate. In every smoke tube is positioned a rotating- round its- axis cleaner.
  • the smoke tubes are connected in a fixed position to an upper mirror, which is placed at some distance from the reflecting plate, and to a lower mirror. There is some space formed for the flue gases between the reflecting plate and the upper mirror.
  • a gas-turbine panel is positioned in the back part of the upper chamber. It has an upper opening, to which a flue-gas fan is connected, and a lower opening, connected to a smoke off-take.
  • the gas- turbine panel is equipped with a ⁇ - probe, positioned in the space before the upper opening and outside to the upper chamber of the boiler. At one side of the gas- turbine panel there is an outlet for the heat conductor, and at its other side there is an inlet/outlet to/for other heat conductors.
  • control openings two at each side, designated for transmitting signals from a pick-up device for the temperature of the heat conductor in the heat exchanger, a transducer for the pressure of the heat conductor in the heat exchanger, a pick-up device for the temperature of the outer wall of the upper chamber, and a pick-up device for preliminary chemical gases in the space of the nearest smoke tube. Every one of the enumerated pick-ups is connected to the remote-control device, which is in connection with the ⁇ - probe and a detector for smoke availability, located immediately by the lower opening of the gas-turbine panel.
  • the profile bottom can be constructed of a central horizontal sector, whose two walls pass over into slanting, rising sectors, one of which passes over into a second horizontal sector.
  • the length of the central horizontal section is equal to the distance between the outer walls of the hollow door and the combustion panel.
  • Each of the cleaners is, preferably, made as a spiral-coiled profile of stainless steel.
  • the upper part of the cleaner in the space above the reflecting plate is connected in a fixed position to a gear wheel, and all gear wheels are connected to an engine through a transmission.
  • a waste-cleaning device which can be made as a screw. If so constructed, in the hollow-door wall, statically and coaxically to the screw, is connected a guide tube, along the axis of which runs the going out of the lower body front end of the screw and reaches a waste bin above.
  • the guide-tube end is a dead-end, and before it, to the waste-bin's side, there is an opening for waste discharge.
  • the screw is on bearings at its both ends, correspondingly, at the dead-end part of the guide-tube and at the combustion panel.
  • the ash-cleaning device can be also made as a vacuum-sucking device, connected to the waste-bin.
  • the smoke detector through a remote-control device, is in contact with the device for initial ignition.
  • the reflecting plate can be made as a three-layer plate, constructed of a base under which are positioned a temperature-resistant layer and a reflector made of stainless sheet.
  • the cleaner's profile is, preferably, of quadrangular section, two of whose edges are in close contact with the inner surface of the smoke tube.
  • a number of openings on the upper surface of the combustion plate are, preferably, evenly distributed in concentric to the central opening circles, in the shape of a frustum of a cone with its smaller base downwards.
  • this heating boiler according to the invention, is that it can work with pallets, as well as with other biofuels, e.g. wood chips, hayseed, dry animal faeces, maize and soybeans.
  • biofuels e.g. wood chips, hayseed, dry animal faeces, maize and soybeans.
  • Another advantage of the boiler is the increased efficiency, due to the fact that the construction of the horizontal hollow combustion plate allows for an uniform burning of the biofuel over its whole combustion surface, while, at the same time, the shape of the cone- shaped openings prevents them from getting blocked and ensures a lower biofuel consumption, because of its more complete and more even burning.
  • the spiral-shaped cleaners of quadrangular section tightly adhering to the inner surface of the smoke tubes, prevent from soot deposing upon the walls of the smoke tubes, thus improving the process of heat- releasing through them, and create a turbulent movement of the flue gases, elongating their way through the smoke tubes, which, on its turn, additionally improves the process of heating.
  • Yet another advantage of the boiler is the decreased quantity of discharged- into- the atmosphere harmful emissions, resulting from the controlled and more complete combustion of the biofuel, ensured by the numerous built-in detectors, transmitting signals to the remote- control device, which analyses them and emits controlling signals to the corresponding nodes of the heating boiler in the cases when the flue gases do not fall into the set-in- advance parameters, and ensures the performance of additional processing of the flue gases, so that they reach the set-in-advance parameters for the quantity of the released into the atmosphere harmful emissions.
  • Another advantage of the boiler, according to the invention is its quick operation, due to the possibility for simultaneous and more even combustion of the biofuel over the whole upper surface of the hollow horizontal combustion plate.
  • Another advantage of the boiler, according to the invention is the more even waste disposal out of the boiler, because the bearings of the waste screw at its both ends, makes possible the avoiding of its beating, which causes its blocking.
  • Another advantage of the boiler is that its construction allows for easy service maintenance, as well as its easy transformation from a boiler of a certain capacity into a boiler of a higher capacity, by simply replacing the hollow horizontal combustion plate, hollow ring-shaped airline and reflecting disk with other ones of the desired capacity. DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
  • Figure l is a vertical section along the axis of the heating boiler
  • Figure 2 is a vertical section along A-A of the heating boiler on
  • Figure 3 is a cross- section of profile bottom 6;
  • Figure 4 is a view from the above of profile bottom 6;
  • Figure 5 is a view from the outer wall of the combustion panel 18 with a partially removed outer wall
  • Figure 6 is a section along B-B of fig.5;
  • Figure 7 is a side view of the body of the heating boiler with a partial cut through tight door 17;
  • Figure 8 is a vertical section of combustion plate 26
  • Figure 9 is a view from the above of combustion plate 26;
  • Figure 10 is an enlarged vertical section of part of the boiler shown on fig. 1;
  • Figure 11 is a side-view of an axonometry of upper chamber 1;
  • Figure 12 is a partial vertical section of reflecting plate 45 along the axis of cleaners 48;
  • Figure 13 is a side-view of combustion panel 18, together with the connected to it thrust strip 36 and fans for primary 23 and secondary 25 air.
  • Figure 14 is a vertical section along A-A of the heating boiler from fig.l, showing the way of the flue gases, forced back to the lower chamber 2 by the flue-gases fan for further processing. _
  • the heating boiler (fig. 1 and 2) consists of a cylindrical body, including an upper chamber 1 and a lower double-wall chamber 2, connected in a fixed position to one another by flanges, between which there is a heat-resistant gasket.
  • the lower chamber 2 is constructed of concentrically positioned outer 3 and inner 4 bodies.
  • the outer body 3 has a flat horizontal bottom 5.
  • the inner body 4 has a profile bottom 6 (figs. 3 and 4), which is at a distance from bottom 5 of the outer body 3.
  • the profile bottom 6 consists of a horizontal sector 7 and its two sides pass over into slanted rising sectors 8 and 9, one of which, 8, passes over into a second horizontal sector 10.
  • the length of the central horizontal sector 7 is equal to the distance between the outer walls of the hollow door 17 and the combustion panel 18. Between the bottoms 5 and 6 are arranged the distance-ensuring elements 11. In this way space is formed between the outer body 3 and the inner body 4, which is connected with the inlet for the heat conductor.
  • the inspection door 12 is constructed of heat- resistant material, with handles, made of heat-resistant material, and has an inspection opening 14, closed with cover 15.
  • the combustion panel 18 (figs. 5, 6 and 13) is a hollow door, whose inner space is divided into two separate chambers 19 and 20 by a diagonal barrier 21.
  • One of the spaces of the hollow door 19, through an opening 22 in the outer wall of the combustion panel 18, is connected to a fan for secondary air 23.
  • the other space 20, through a corresponding opening 24 in the outer wall of the combustion panel 18, is connected to a fan for primary air 25.
  • a furnace which is a hollow horizontal combustion plate 26 (figs. 8 and 9), with a central cylindrical opening 27, running through the whole height of combustion plate 26.
  • a furnace which is a hollow horizontal combustion plate 26 (figs. 8 and 9), with a central cylindrical opening 27, running through the whole height of combustion plate 26.
  • Round the central opening 27, all over the upper surface 28 of the combustion plate 26 are formed a number of openings 29 in the shape of a frustum of a cone, turned with its smaller base downwards.
  • the openings 29 are evenly distributed in circles, concentrically to the central opening 27, which ensures the complete combustion of the fed biofuel, with no risk of getting blocked.
  • To the lower part of combustion plate 26 and concentrically to the central opening 27 is formed another opening 27'.
  • the lower end of the central cylindrical opening 27 of the combustion plate 26 is connected to an inner tube 30 (fig.10).
  • the inner tube 30 consists of an elbow and a straight section, along the axis and along the whole length of which is mounted a screw 31, whose axis joins the horizontal at 3° to 8°, preferably 7°.
  • a concentrical outer tube 32 encloses the inner tube 30.
  • the space between the two tubes 30 and 32 is connected to the space of the combustion plate 26 through its second opening 27'.
  • the inner tube 30 runs through the combustion panel 18. Above the upper end of inner tube 30 is connected a vertical furrow 33, which, through a fire-safety dose pump 34 is connected to the outlet of bunker 35 for biofuel.
  • the back end of screw 31 is on bearings in a thrust strip 36, which closes the space of the inner tube 30.
  • the thrust strip 36 is connected in a fixed position to the front part of dose pump 34.
  • the screw 31 is driven by
  • a heat-resistant tube 38 of stainless steel which is connected with its outer end to an ignition device 39, located sideward to and out of the combustion panel 18.
  • the other end of tube 38 is situated in the space of inner tube 30, immediately under the central opening 27 of the combustion plate 26.
  • a hollow ring-shaped airline 40 Coaxically, and at a distance above the upper surface 28 of the combustion plate 26, is positioned a hollow ring-shaped airline 40, over whose entire inner surface there are formed openings 41, set in parallel and horizontal rows. The diameter of the openings 41 is bigger with every ascending row than that of the preceding row.
  • a reflecting disk 42 Above the hollow ring-shaped airline 40 is situated a reflecting disk 42.
  • the width of the ring-shaped airline 40 has been so chosen, as to ensure the complete combustion and guiding of the flame to the center of the reflecting disk 42, creating a turbulent movement of the hot air along the walls of inner body 4 of lower chamber 2.
  • the inner space of the ring-shaped airline 40 is connected to space 19 of the combustion panel 18, which, on its turn, is connected to the fan for secondary air 23.
  • a waste-cleaning device 43 constructed as a screw.
  • a guide tube 31 ' In the hollow-door wall 17, and coaxically to the screw 31 is installed, in a fixed position, a guide tube 31 ', along the axis of which runs the going out of the lower body 2 front end of the screw 3I 5 ending above the waste bin 63.
  • the end of guide-tube 31 ' is a dead-end, and before it, to the waste-bin's 63 side, is formed an opening for waste discharge.
  • the screw 31 is on bearings at its both ends, correspondingly, at the dead-end of the guide-tube 31' and in the combustion panel 18.
  • a heat exchanger with vertically positioned tubes.
  • a reflecting plate 45 constructed as a three-layer plate, consisting of a base under which are placed a heat-resistant layer and a reflector of stainless sheet.
  • the reflecting plate 45 has formed openings 46 and is connected in a fixed position to the upper body 1.
  • the heat exchanger includes a number of vertical and parallel to one another smoke tubes 47, located under every opening 46 of the reflecting plate. In every smoke tube 47 is positioned a cleaner 48, every one of which is a coiled spiral of a stainless- steel profile of quadrangular section.
  • each cleaner 48 (fig.12) is connected with axis 49, which is on bearings in the outlet 46 of the reflecting plate 45.
  • the upper end of axis 49 is connected in a fixed position with gear 50, positioned in the space above the reflecting plate 45. All gear wheels 50 are connected to a driver through a gear transmission
  • Smoke tubes 47 are connected in a fixed position to the upper chamber 1 through an upper mirror 51, and a lower mirror 52.
  • the upper mirror 51 is positioned at some distance from the reflecting plate 45, at which, space 53 is formed for the flue gases.
  • space 53 is formed for the flue gases.
  • space 54 for the heat conductor is connected through a pipeline 55 to the space between the outer 3 and the inner 4 bodies of the lower chamber 2.
  • a gas-turbine panel 56 (fig. 11), which has an upper opening 57, to which a flue-gas fan is connected, and a lower opening 58, connected to a smoke off-take.
  • an outlet for the heat conductor At one side of the gas-turbine panel 56 is situated an outlet for the heat conductor, and at its other side there is an inlet/outlet to/for other heat conductors.
  • the gas-turbine panel 56 is equipped with a ⁇ - probe 59, positioned outside of the upper body 1 of the boiler, in the space before the upper opening 57.
  • control openings 60 At both sides of the gas-turbine panel 56 there are formed control openings 60, two at each side, designated for transmitting signals from a pick-up device for the temperature of the heat conductor in the space 54, a transducer for the pressure of the heat conductor in the space 54, a pick-up device for the temperature of the outer wall of the upper chamber 1, and a pick-up device for preliminary chemical gases in the space of the nearest smoke tube 47. Every one of the enumerated pick-ups, which is not shown on the attached figures, is connected to the remote-control device 61.
  • the remote-control device 61 is in connection with the ⁇ - probe 59, and with a detector 62 for smoke availability, located immediately by the lower opening 58 of the gas-turbine panel 56.
  • the remote-control device 61 could be realized by the available at the market Universal regulator type 5711 OGC of TEM company, Switzerland.
  • the construction of the boiler allows for easy service maintenance, as well as its easy transformation from a boiler of a certain capacity into a boiler of higher capacity, by simply replacing the hollow horizontal combustion plate 26, hollow ring-shaped airline 40 and reflecting disk 42, with other ones of the desired capacity.
  • the area of the upper surface 28 of the hollow horizontal combustion plate 26 and the reflecting disk 42 is bigger.
  • the inner diameter of the hollow ring-shaped airline 40 is increased proportionally to the hollow horizontal combustion plate 26. Increase is, also, the number of the openings 29 in the combustion plate 26 and the openings 41 in the hollow ring-shaped airline 40.
  • the invention is constructed as a heating boiler of 100 KW.
  • Doses of bio-fuel are fed from the biofuel bunker 35, through dose- pump 34, down the vertical furrow 33, at certain intervals, and they enter the back end of screw 31.
  • Dose- pump 34 works according the set- by- the remote-control device 61 programme and discharges the dosed biofuel, which, under the pressure of its own weight, down along the vertical furrow 33, goes onto screw 31.
  • the screw 31 conveys the biofuel to the central opening 27 of the hollow combustion plate 26, where it enters into contact with the fed by the ignition device 39, through heat-resistant tube 38, hot air. In seconds the biofuel ignites spontaneously.
  • the smoke detector 62 switches on the smooth feeding of the primary air from fan 25.
  • the air passes consecutively through chamber 20 of the combustion panel 18, the space between the tubes 30 and 32, the opening 27', and goes into the cavity of the hollow horizontal plate 26, from where it goes out through the cone- openings 29 on its upper surface 28.
  • the screw 31 starts to smoothly take out the biofuel and to push upwards the already ignited biofuel upon the upper surface 28 of the combustion plate 26. That even and smooth discharge of the biofuel allows for discharging the burning material in the shape of a circle upon the upper surface 28 of the combustion plate 26.
  • the fact that the screw's 31 axis joins the horizontal at an angle of 3° to 6 ° accounts for the avoiding the clogging of the screw 31 and ensures the even and smooth feeding of the biofuel to the surface 28 of the hollow horizontal combustion plate 26.
  • the supplied through chamber 19 of the combustion panel 18 secondary air goes into the interior of the hollow ring-shaped airline 40, and then out through its openings 41, and gets into contact with the ascending flow of burning flue gases, in which the non-burnt particles of biofuel are increased, which ensures their additional complete combustion and further increases the temperature of the flue gases, and from it - the heat quantity released to the heat conductor.
  • the ring-shaped airline 40 ensures directing the flame to the centre of the reflecting disk 42.
  • the heated heat conductor is led out of the boiler to a user-unit, for example, a local heating installation, through an outlet in the upper chamber 1.
  • the ⁇ - probe 59 supplies data for chemical analysis of the flue gases to the remote-control device 61, which, depending on the established chemical composition and the pre-set parameters, regulates the air quantity, fed by the fans 23 and 25.
  • the remote controlling device 61 switches on the not-shown on the figures fan for flue gases for sucking and discharging them into the atmosphere.
  • the controlling device 61 sends a signal to the fan for flue gases, switching it into a back-movement regime, which causes reverse feeding of the flue gases through space 53 and the smoke tubes 47 in the lower body 2, where, due to the increased quantity of oxygen in the fed secondary air, is carried out their complete combustion and achievement of the pre-set norms (fig.14).
  • the heating boiler has a reduced quantity released- into- the atmosphere harmful emissions, resulting from the ensured programmed and more complete combustion of the biofuel, due to the inbuilt ⁇ - probe 59, sending a signal to the remote- controlling device 61, which analyses it and emits controlling signals to the fans for the flue gases in the cases when they are not within the pre-set parameters.
  • the waste from the combusted biofuel is continuously pushed out to the periphery of combustion plate 26 by the entering through the central opening 27 combusting biofuel, and from there, sliding down the slanted sections 8 and 9 of the profile bottom 6 of the inner body 4, falls onto the central horizontal sector 7, from where, by means of cleaning device 43, for example a screw, is conveyed to the waste bin 63.
  • the heating boiler whose outlet for the heat conductor is connected to an user, it is possible to lead out, from the outlet for other heat resources, part of the warmed heat conductor to an additional user. If the heating boiler, connected to the user, is not in use at the moment, it is possible, through the same inlet, to supply to the user (a local heating network) in space 54, a heat conductor from another source, e.g. a sun panel, with no need of disassembling and installing new links to the user.
  • a local heating network e.g. a sun panel

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une chaudière utilisée pour chauffer un bâtiment et de l'eau; ladite chaudière utilise du biocarburant, garantissant une efficacité supérieure, une quantité réduite d'émissions nuisibles et une action plus rapide. La chaudière comporte un corps renfermant, coaxialement et verticalement, un foyer, une canalisation d'air (40) en forme d'anneau creux muni d'ouvertures (41), un disque réflecteur (42) et un échangeur de chaleur. Le foyer est une plaque de combustion horizontale creuse (26) munie d'ouvertures (29) à travers lesquelles est cédé de l'air primaire à une seule et même pression. Dans des tubes de fumée (47) en contact étroit avec les parois tournent des nettoyeurs en spirale (48) de section quadrangulaire. La chaudière est équipée d'un dispositif de commande à distance (61), qui est en contact avec un certain nombre de détecteurs et de commandes.
EP07800360.5A 2006-08-25 2007-08-21 Chaudière Active EP2054675B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BG109653A BG66233B1 (bg) 2006-08-25 2006-08-25 Отоплителен котел
PCT/BG2007/000019 WO2008022412A1 (fr) 2006-08-25 2007-08-21 Chaudière

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AT507528B1 (de) * 2008-10-09 2013-01-15 Kalkgruber Johann Wärmetauscher für einen heizkessel
SE534371C2 (sv) * 2009-01-30 2011-07-26 Ariterm Sweden Ab Rengöringsanordning för pelletseldade värmekaminer
AT508157B1 (de) * 2009-08-04 2010-11-15 Schiefer Erwin Vorrichtung zum abreinigen eines wärmetauschers
IT1400646B1 (it) * 2010-07-01 2013-06-28 Jolly Mec Caminetti S P A Dispositivo per l'immissione del combustibile in un bruciatore
EP2410279A1 (fr) 2010-07-21 2012-01-25 Thomas Hipp Echangeur thermique nécessitant peu d'entretien avec des racleurs rotatifs
ITVR20130151A1 (it) * 2013-06-27 2014-12-28 Gruppo Piazzetta Spa Dispositivo per la pulizia di tubi di fumo
EP3240975B1 (fr) * 2014-12-29 2018-12-12 Felino-Fundição de Const. Mecânicas, SA Chaudière d'alimentation pour conduites d'eau de chauffage ou d'autres fluides thermiques dotée d'un échangeur de chaleur modulaire et d'un système de nettoyage
CN105180151A (zh) * 2015-10-13 2015-12-23 灌阳县鸿运矿山设备有限公司 一种生物质燃料机
RU168895U1 (ru) * 2016-03-24 2017-02-27 Денис Александрович Папилин Котел водогрейный
WO2018186769A1 (fr) * 2017-04-06 2018-10-11 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Светлобор" Chambre de combustion de chaudière à combustible solide
RU177020U1 (ru) * 2017-04-06 2018-02-06 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Светлобор" Камера сгорания твердотопливного котла
PL71256Y1 (pl) * 2017-11-13 2020-02-28 P P H Kostrzewa Spolka Jawna Kocioł grzewczy
CN109751884B (zh) * 2019-01-26 2020-07-28 福建省德化县新顺机械有限公司 一种陶瓷窑炉废热利用装置
PL437563A1 (pl) * 2021-04-13 2022-10-17 Łukasz Mocek Kocioł centralnego ogrzewania
CN113340126B (zh) * 2021-05-28 2022-11-04 内蒙古大唐国际托克托发电有限责任公司 直接空冷机组空冷岛防风装置
CN115900064B (zh) * 2022-11-27 2025-04-22 安徽自然使者环保科技有限公司 一种振荡生热高温热风机
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BG66233B1 (bg) 2012-07-31
BG109653A (bg) 2006-12-29
EP2054675B1 (fr) 2015-07-15

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