EP2072676A1 - Bande pour une machine destinée à la fabrication de matériaux en bande et procédé de fabrication d'une telle bande - Google Patents

Bande pour une machine destinée à la fabrication de matériaux en bande et procédé de fabrication d'une telle bande Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2072676A1
EP2072676A1 EP20080166853 EP08166853A EP2072676A1 EP 2072676 A1 EP2072676 A1 EP 2072676A1 EP 20080166853 EP20080166853 EP 20080166853 EP 08166853 A EP08166853 A EP 08166853A EP 2072676 A1 EP2072676 A1 EP 2072676A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
polymer
fiber
fibers
polymer material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP20080166853
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Robert Eberhardt
Hubert Walkenhaus
Arved Westerkamp
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voith Patent GmbH
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Voith Patent GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Voith Patent GmbH filed Critical Voith Patent GmbH
Publication of EP2072676A1 publication Critical patent/EP2072676A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F7/00—Other details of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F7/08—Felts
    • D21F7/083—Multi-layer felts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/674—Nonwoven fabric with a preformed polymeric film or sheet

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a belt, in particular press felt, for a machine for producing sheet material, in particular paper or cardboard, and to a method for producing such a belt.
  • the endless belts used, for example, in press sections of paper machines move together with the web material to be produced through one or more press nips, where, on the one hand, the web material is compacted, on the other hand, liquid is pressed out of it by the pressing together of two rollers with the interposition of the belt and the web material to be produced becomes.
  • the pressed-out liquid should be removed with or through the band.
  • this band it is necessary to provide this band with a structure suitable for receiving the liquid permeable or voided structure.
  • such a structure is of course also subject to the pressing load occurring in the area of a press nip, so that the risk of material fatigue due to the constant compression and relaxation or the porosity and thus the available cavities can greatly decrease over the service life.
  • one or more nonwoven layers may be filled at least in sections with, for example, elastomeric polymer material.
  • elastomeric polymer material there is the risk that the polymer material will detach from the nonwoven layer in the course of operation, which leads to a greatly reduced water absorption capacity of the strip.
  • the danger of detachment the polymer material from the nonwoven layer exists in particular when the polymer material is arranged, for example, in the region of the web material contact surface of the belt and is continuously exposed to a high-pressure water jet during belt cleaning during operation.
  • this object is achieved by a belt for a machine for producing web material, in particular paper or cardboard, comprising a support structure and at least one layer of fiber material, wherein at least one of the layers of fiber material together with a polymer material for Fluid permeable composite structure forms in that the polymer material between fibers of this layer formed voids only partially filled and / or bypassed and thereby forms a one-piece and fluid-permeable polymer layer.
  • a one-piece and permeable polymer layer is formed which extends in the layer of fibrous material and is at least partially embedded in the fibers of the fibrous material layer.
  • the polymer layer is in this case firmly connected to the fibers and embeds them at least in sections.
  • a one-piece polymer layer is to be understood here as meaning a polymer layer which is formed from a single coherent piece.
  • the polymer layer has openings extending therethrough, wherein the openings in the polymer layer are formed by the polymer layer forming polymeric material between fibers of the fiber layer cavities only partially filled and / or bridged.
  • the fiber material if it is, for example, of polyamide, for example, be dissolved out by means of formic acid.
  • the band is especially permeable to fluid, such as water.
  • the one-piece and permeable polymer layer forms a permeable composite structure with fibers of the fiber layer which provides a high and low-power water drainage capability in operation.
  • the integral and permeable polymer layer extends over the entire length and width of the fibrous material layer.
  • the polymer layer thus forms an independent layer in the position of fiber material. It is thereby provided a tape which has constant properties over its width, such as, for example, dewatering performance, returnability and the like.
  • the polymer layer extends over the entire length and only part of the width of the layer of fiber material. It is conceivable in this context, for example., In the position of fiber material in the region of the respective longitudinal edge to arrange a polymer layer which extends only over a portion of the width of the layer of fiber material. It is also conceivable that the Polymer layer extends only in the middle of the layer of fiber material and in the region of the two longitudinal edges of the layer of fiber material no polymer layer is arranged.
  • the polymer layer is elastically compressible.
  • the polymer layer may have a hardness in the range of 50 to 97 Shore A.
  • the polymeric material forming the polymeric layer comprises an elastomeric polymer
  • the polymeric material is an elastomeric polymer, such as an elastomeric polyurethane.
  • the polymeric material forming the polymer layer comprises, alone or in combination, a thermoplastic elastomer, in particular a thermoplastic elastomeric polyurethane, a polyether block polyamide, a polyamide preferably of the types PA 11, PA 12, PA 6.10 or PA 6.12, in particular the second polymer material is one of the aforementioned materials ,
  • the polymer layer is permeable to fluid, it is preferred that the polymeric material forming the same be impermeable to fluid. Rather, the permeability of the polymer layer is formed by the polymeric material only partially filling and / or bridging voids formed between fibers of the fibrous web layer, thereby providing drainage channels.
  • the polymer layer has a thickness in the range of about 0.05 mm to about 1.5 mm, preferably about 0.05 mm to about 1.0 mm.
  • the polymer layer extends over the entire thickness of the layer of fiber material or, alternatively, that the Polymer layer extends over only a portion of the thickness of the layer of fiber material.
  • the layer of fibrous material containing the polymer layer provides the web material contact surface of the band, the polymer layer preferably being disposed in the region of the web material contact surface such that the permeable composite structure provides the web material contact surface.
  • the polymer layer extends in the region of the web material contact surface and provides large local surface elements, whereby significantly lower local pressure differences are produced on the web material contact surface as the strip according to the invention passes through a press nip than with an uncoated fiber layer providing the web material contact surface.
  • This has a particularly positive effect on a uniform and mark-free drainage of the paper web in the press nip.
  • the polymer layer starting from the web material contact surface to a depth of 10% to 50%, preferably to a depth of 10% to 30%, most preferably to a depth of 10% to 20% based on the total thickness of the strip.
  • essentially only the web material contact surface is influenced by the permeable and one-piece polymer layer.
  • the layer of fiber material containing the polymer layer provides a machine contact surface of the strip and in particular if the polymer layer in the region of the machine contact surface is arranged so that the permeable composite structure provides the machine contact surface of the tape.
  • the layer of fiber material containing the polymer material is arranged between a layer of fiber material providing the web material contact surface and the support structure.
  • a further embodiment of the invention provides that in the layer of fibrous material containing the polymer layer, a further polymer material is arranged, which covers fibers of this layer at least partially with a film.
  • the effects generated by two polymer materials interact.
  • the fibers or at least part of them are coated with the further film-forming polymer material and are thereby supported or stiffened in their structure.
  • this coating can form a crosslinking of the individual fibers with one another, so that, taking into account the elastic properties of the polymer material intended for the coating, a significantly better return characteristic can be combined with reduced material fatigue.
  • a permeable composite structure forming polymer material which bridges and / or fills in particular cavities between the already fibers of the at least one fiber layer, the water absorption and Abrios this location can be adjusted.
  • the polymer material forming the polymer layer is preferably at least partially, in particular completely, attached to portions of the fibers which are already in contact with the further polymer material forming the film are coated.
  • the further polymer material forming the film acts as a bonding agent between the polymer material and the fibers of the at least one fiber layer, whereby the bonding of the polymer layer to the fibers of the fiber layer is markedly improved.
  • the further polymer material is arranged which at least partially covers fibers of this layer with a film.
  • the layer of fiber material providing the web material contact surface the polymer material providing the one-piece and permeable polymer layer is arranged, whereas the further polymer material forming the film is contained in a layer of fiber material which extends between the layer providing the web material contact surface Fiber material and the support structure is arranged.
  • the further polymer material may in this case comprise an elastomeric polymer.
  • the further polymer material is an elastomeric polymer.
  • At least some of the fibers of the at least one fiber layer are glued together at fiber crossing and / or fiber contact points by the further polymer material forming the film.
  • the bonding of the fibers of the layer forms a coherent network of interconnected fibers. This fiber network contributes significantly to the elastic properties and the recovery capability of the at least one layer of fibrous material.
  • the further polymer material may, for example, in the form of an aqueous dispersion of particulate polymer material in the at least one layer of fiber material are applied.
  • aqueous dispersions are known, for example, under the name "witcobond polymer dispersion" and are obtained, for example, from Baxenden Chemicals Ltd. distributed in England.
  • the fiber further polymeric material coating the film has a higher melting point than the polymer material forming the one-piece and permeable polymer layer.
  • the polymeric material forming the polymer layer after the fibers have already been coated with the film of the further polymeric material without impeding the film coating the fibers in the heating required to melt the starting material for the polymer layer forming polymeric material ,
  • the fiber, at least in sections, covering the film of the further polymer material preferably has a thickness in the range from 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
  • At least a portion of the fibers of the at least one layer of fibrous material may be coated with multiple layers of film of other polymeric materials. It is conceivable in this connection that at least some of the several film layers have mutually different properties. These different properties may, for example, result from mutually different further polymer materials which are used for the respective film layers.
  • the polymer material and the further polymer material have mutually different elastic properties.
  • the fibers of the further polymer material covering at least one fiber layer can be up to a depth of 10% to 100%, preferably to a depth from 30% to 100%, most preferably to a depth of 50% to 100%, based on the total thickness of the tape. With complete penetration of the band with the other polymer material, a good connection of the various layers of fiber material to one another and to the support structure can be achieved.
  • the measure b) comprises introducing the polymer layer-forming polymer material in particle form in preferably aqueous dispersion into the at least one layer of fiber material and melting the polymer material introduced into the at least one fiber layer in particle form.
  • the permeable composite structure comprising the polymer material is formed by melting the polymer material after its introduction into the at least one layer of fibrous material, attaching itself to the fibers and subsequently solidifying the molten polymer material adhering to the fibers.
  • liquid can preferably be removed from the at least one layer of fiber material, such as, for example, taken off before the melting of the particulate polymer material.
  • a measure c) it is provided in a measure c) to introduce a further polymer material into the fiber layer and to cause the further polymer material to form a fiber covering the fiber layer.
  • measure c) comprises the introduction of an aqueous dispersion of particulate, in particular finely particulate, further polymer material into the at least one layer of fiber material and the removal of liquid from the dispersion introduced in at least one fiber layer.
  • the fibers of the at least one fiber layer covering film substantially, in particular completely, is formed by liquid is removed from the dispersion of the particulate further polymer material and the polymer particles form a film forming on the fibers.
  • the surface can then be influenced in its topography in such a way that it assumes a configuration advantageous for the design of the web product to be produced thereon.
  • a smoothing of the web material contact surface is preferred, for example. by calendering. Therefore, a further embodiment of the method according to the invention provides in particular that after measure b) the web material contact surface of the strip is processed in a further measure using pressure and / or temperature, in particular smoothed and / or compacted.
  • the measure b) can be carried out after the measure c). This means that first the fibers are coated with the additional polymer material provided for this purpose, for example by application of a film-forming polymer dispersion and subsequent drying or removal of the liquid medium. Only then does the order of, preferably particulate and the polymer layer forming polymer material.
  • the at least one layer of fiber material which contains the polymer material forming the polymer layer and the further polymer material forming the film, is compressed according to measure b) in a further measure using pressure and / or temperature. As a result, precompaction and / or smoothing of this layer is achieved.
  • the procedure is such that the polymer material at least partially, in particular completely, attaches to sections of the fibers already coated with the film of the further polymer material.
  • the further polymer film material forming a film for example, after the polymer material forming the film has melted, its adhesion to the fibers is substantially improved, which leads to a significantly prolonged durability of the product performance on the paper machine.
  • the polymer material forming the film has the task of improving the adhesion of the polymer material forming the polymer layer to the fibers.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that in measure c) at least some of the fibers of the at least one fiber layer at fiber crossing and / or fiber contact points through the first Polymer material are glued together.
  • At least 50% of the particles of the fine particulate further polymer material have a size in the range from 2.0 nm to 10 ⁇ m. It is conceivable in this context that all particles of the fine-particulate further polymer material have a size of not more than 10 .mu.m, in particular of not more than 2 .mu.m.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the measure c) is carried out several times to provide a multilayer or multi-layered fibers of the at least one layer of fiber material covering film.
  • the fibers of the at least one layer of fiber material are coated with different further polymer material.
  • the further particulate polymer material comprises an elastomer.
  • the elastomer may in particular be polyurethane.
  • the further polymer material in particle form may have a smaller particle size than the polymer material in particle form.
  • the particulate further polymer material used in measure c) has a higher melting point than that used in measure b) particulate polymer material.
  • the measure a) may include fixing, preferably needling, the at least one layer of fiber material to a support structure. It is conceivable in this connection that the bonding of the at least one layer of fibrous material to the support structure takes place prior to the application of the first and second polymer material or, alternatively, first the first and the second polymer material is applied to the at least one layer of fibrous material before Connecting this done with the support structure.
  • the support structure may be fabric-like or random. It is also conceivable in this connection that the carrying structure comprises or is formed from a one-piece polymeric lattice structure, as is the case for example in the US Pat EP0285376 is described. In general, any textile surface structure which is suitable as a load-bearing support structure is conceivable.
  • the at least one layer of fiber material may be formed as a nonwoven layer.
  • all layers of fiber material of the band are formed as a nonwoven layer.
  • the Fig. 1 shows in a pregnant foodsphase in section a belt 10, as it can be used for example in a press section of a paper machine.
  • the band 10 comprises a support structure 12, which may be formed, for example, as a fabric, as a scrim or as a spiral link structure.
  • a layer 16 of fiber material which may be connected to the support structure 12, for example by needling.
  • a layer 20 and a layer 40 of fiber material is provided in the illustrated example. These are also firmly connected to the support structure 12 preferably by needling.
  • the fibers of the two layers 20 and 40 are coated with a further polymeric material forming a film.
  • the further polymeric material forming the film can also completely or partially coat layers 12 and 16.
  • a plurality of fine particles 22 are applied from the further polymer material. These particles 22 are preferably distributed over the entire thickness of the layer 20 Fiber material. This can be done so that an aqueous dispersion of fine particulate further polymeric material 22 is applied with a weight fraction of about 2 to 10% of the particles 22 from the web material contact surface 18 of the tape ago in the layer 20.
  • the liquid is removed from the layers 20, 40 and 16 of fiber material and also the support structure 12, for example by evaporation, whereby a fiber of these layers at least partially coating film forms.
  • This process of introducing a further polymer material forming a film, the drying and film-forming process and thus the coating and partially bonding or embedding of the fibers can be repeated several times, so that a corresponding multilayer coating forms on the fibers.
  • the materials used for this purpose may differ, for example, from film layer to film layer.
  • a particulate polymer material can be entered whose particles are then dimensioned, for example, that at least 50% of the total volume all particles thereof have a size in the range of 20 microns to 120 microns. These particles will be distributed in accordance with the porosity of the layer 20 from already coated fiber material in the inner volume area, which due to the generally larger particles this increases in the near-surface region, i. in the region of the web material contact surface 18, accumulate. If necessary, smaller particles can penetrate deeper into the overall structure (layers 20, 12, 16).
  • the polymer material according to the invention forms a one-piece and permeable polymer layer, which forms a permeable composite structure together with fibers of the layer 20.
  • the polymer material thus forms a one-piece and permeable polymer layer in the solidified state, the polymer layer primarily in the near-surface region, i. is present in the region of the web material contact surface 18 and thus can form a plate-like polymeric structure on the surface of the layer 20 of fiber material.
  • the proportion of the polymer layer-forming polymer material in the layer 20 of fiber material is preferably in the range of 20 g / m 2 to 400 g / m 2 .
  • the tensile strength of the polymer material used is preferably in the range between 5 and 1000 Mpa, and this polymer material should have a melting point in the range between 120 ° C and 220 ° C.
  • polymer dispersions preferably based on polyurethane or polyacrylate, but also other or mixtures of several polymer dispersions, such as e.g. Impranil DLH or Witcobond 372-95 or any similar material having properties in comparable ranges.
  • the tensile strength of the other polymer materials formed from the polymer dispersions may range from 1 to 100 MPa and the maximum elongation may be in the range of 100 to 1600%.
  • the finely particulate further particulate material is preferably applied in an amount in the range from 20 g / m 2 to 500 g / m 2 .
  • these materials are applied such that they are preferably applied from the web material contact surface in preferably aqueous dispersion, so that the particles are in the inner volume range be able to distribute the layer of fiber material.
  • at least 50% of the particles of the further polymer material should have a size in the range of 2 nm-10 ⁇ m.
  • thermoplastic polymeric materials preferably elastic materials
  • polyether block polyamides e.g. Pebax ex Arkema
  • polyamides e.g. B. PA11, PA12, PA6, 12, which is e.g. under the trade names Orgasol or Rilsan, or similar.
  • high melt flow materials or material mixtures are used.
  • the polymer material forming the polymer layer is preferably used in powder form and preferably applied as an aqueous dispersion.
  • dispersants as well as thickeners can be used.
  • the polymer material can also be applied dry, for example, by sprinkling.
  • the further polymeric material forming the film e.g. a spraying process, patting, padding, etc are used, for the application of the second polymer material, the aforementioned methods as well as thermal application methods can be used.
  • the film-forming coating of the fiber material is also conceivable by means of polymer solutions.
  • the principles of the invention may find application when employing multiple layers of fibrous material. It is also possible, the measures described, ie the coating the fibers and forming the permeable composite structure, in a single operation.
  • the coarser particles accumulate primarily on the surface of the fibers.
  • a polymer film forms on the fibers, which additionally bonds the coarser particles.
  • the polymer material forming the permeable polymer layer preferably has a lower melting point than the polymer material with which the fibers of the layer 20 of fiber material have been coated, heating is only required to a temperature which melts the particulate material, but the material of the fiber coating not impaired and leads to a strong connection of both materials.
  • the Fig. 2 shows in a schematic enlarged view of the fiber structure of the layer 20 of fiber material thereof.
  • Fig. 2 individual fibers 26 coated with a film 28 of the further polymeric material.
  • the fibers 26 are reinforced by this film coating 28.
  • a bond is created by the film 28 at the intersections of the fibers 26, so that also the total strength of the layer 20 of fibrous material increases.
  • the one-piece and permeable polymer layer 30 forming polymer material, which is especially in the area of intersections or in the vicinity of the already with the film 28th coated fibers 26 after it has been melted and solidified again. Between the fibers 26 and the polymer material regions 28, 30 are the pores or cavities 32, which allow the passage of liquid through the layer 20.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 In each case, a one-piece and permeable polymer layer 30, 30 'according to the invention is shown.
  • the FIGS. 6 and 7 show the polymer layers separated for themselves, ie without the fibers 26 of the fiber layer 20.
  • the separated polymer layers 30, 30 ' are obtained after the fibrous material is dissolved out of the formed from fibers of the layer 20 and the polymer material permeable composite structure. If the fibrous material is polyamide fibers, it can be dissolved out, for example by formic acid.
  • the unitary and permeable polymer layers 30, 30 'shown are formed from thermoplastic elastomeric polyurethane and have a thickness in the range of about 0.1 mm. Both layers 30, 30 'are arranged in the region of the web material contact surface and extend from the web material contact surface to a depth of approximately 20% based on the total thickness of the band.
  • the porosity of the polymer layers 30, 30 is not due to a porosity of the polymer material per se but due to the fact that cavities 32 between fibers 26 of the fiber layer 20 are only partially filled and / or bridged.
  • the polymer material forming the permeable layer 30, 30 preferably has a lower melting point than the further polymeric material forming the film, with which the fibers 26 of the layer 20 of fiber material have been coated, heating is only required to a temperature that is melts the particulate polymer material, but does not affect the further film-forming polymer material of the fiber coating. This creates a strong connection between the two materials.
  • the Fig. 3 shows in cross-section an electron micrograph of an inventive formed as a press felt belt 10th
  • the belt 10 has a layer of fiber material 20 with fibers 26 providing the web material contact surface 18.
  • the machine contact surface 14 of the belt 10 is formed by a layer of fiber material 16.
  • a support structure 12 in the form of a fabric 12 is arranged.
  • the two layers of fiber material 16 and 20 and the fabric 12 are connected by needling firmly together.
  • the fibers 26 of the layer 20 are substantially completely coated with the film 28 formed of the further polymer material.
  • a permeable composite structure formed by cavities between the fibers 26 the fiber layer 20 are formed, are partially filled with the polymer material and bridged so that the polymer material forms a one-piece and permeable polymer layer.
  • the Fig. 4 and 5 show the plan view of the web material contact surface 22 of such a layer 20 of polymeric material.
  • the microstructuring and optionally the surface energy of the introduced polymer material on the surface also facilitates the release of such a band where it is to be separated from the web material to be produced.

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EP20080166853 2007-12-21 2008-10-17 Bande pour une machine destinée à la fabrication de matériaux en bande et procédé de fabrication d'une telle bande Withdrawn EP2072676A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200710055801 DE102007055801A1 (de) 2007-12-21 2007-12-21 Band für eine Maschine zur Herstellung von Bahnmaterial und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines derartigen Bands

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EP2072676A1 true EP2072676A1 (fr) 2009-06-24

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US (1) US20090163104A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2072676A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102007055801A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

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EP2319983A1 (fr) * 2009-11-10 2011-05-11 Ichikawa Co.,Ltd. Feutre de presse pour papier et procédé de fabrication de papier
US8496785B2 (en) 2009-08-04 2013-07-30 Voith Patent Gmbh Combination of a press felt with a pressure roll covering and/or suction roll covering for a paper machine
DE202015106663U1 (de) 2015-12-07 2017-03-08 Heimbach Gmbh & Co. Kg Band für den Einsatz in Maschinen

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DE102007055902A1 (de) * 2007-12-21 2009-06-25 Voith Patent Gmbh Band für eine Maschine zur Herstellung von Bahnmaterial

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