Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
  • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
  • A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
  • A61K47/12—Carboxylic acids; Salts or anhydrides thereof
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
  • A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
  • A61P31/10—Antimycotics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
  • A61P31/12—Antivirals
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
  • A61P31/12—Antivirals
  • A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses
  • A61P31/18—Antivirals for RNA viruses for HIV

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a terpene composition anti-microorganism and its use including against HIV.
• Terpenes and in particular camphor and its derivatives have been widely used in medicine and they were reputedly active against all ills.
• Camphor was generally used in local external application as an antiseptic or anesthetic.
• Camphor is also used internally as a tonicardiac. However, it is very slightly soluble in water which limits its use.
• Camphor is generally obtained from alpha-pinene in turpentine, which is obtained from the coniferous sap that flows from the maritime pine. Thus, alpha-pinene is converted into camphor through various intermediates, including bornyl chloride, camphene and the organic ester of isoborneol.
• camphor substitution products associated with mercury have also been widely used in the past as diuretics.
• the use of terpenes and in particular derivatives of camphor or its synthetic intermediates remains limited in human or animal medicine.
• terpenes chemistry is old and well known now and therefore, the costs of obtaining these biologically active molecules and therapeutic virtues are relatively low.
• a problem that arises and that aims to solve the present invention is to provide a terpene composition useful as an anti-microorganism agent and that can be administered in humans easily.
• Another goal is to provide a terpene composition whose effectiveness of the active ingredient is improved.
• the present invention provides, in a first aspect, a terpenic composition for use as an anti-microorganism agent.
• the terpene composition comprises: a cyclic terpene compound obtained from a terpene of generic formula (C 5 H 8 ) n , n being between 2 and 5; a vector-forming organic substance associated with said cyclic terpene compound and said cyclic terpene compound associated with said organic substance is bonded to a metal cation.
• a feature of the invention lies in the combination of a cyclic terpene compound which has anti-microorganism properties, with an organic substance for transporting the active terpene compound to the microorganisms; said cyclic terpene compound associated with said organic substance being bonded to a metal cation which then promotes the anti-microorganism properties of said composition.
• the organic substance optionally makes it possible to transfer the terpenic compound through the microorganism itself to reach a specific target, for example its genetic material, where the terpenic compound can cause its inhibition.
• the monoterpene leads to a terpene compound having a single five-carbon ring.
• the terpene compound is obtained by oxidation of camphor, itself derived from the transformation of alpha-pinene as indicated above.
• Camphene an isomer of pinene, and especially its acid derivatives and alcohols such as camphols: borneol, camphoric acid, camphoric hydroxide or camphoric diol, are terpene compounds quite suitable. They are synthetically obtained from camphene. With a peracid, an acid-alcohol is obtained by the reaction of Boeyer-Villiger. Or, an aldehyde by a treatment with potash.
• the terpenic compound has at least one carboxylic acid function and preferably two.
• the terpenic compound forms ester bonds with said organic substance.
• the terpenic compound is camphoric acid.
• the metal cation associated with the terpenic compound is selected from the metals of the third and fourth period of the elements of the periodic table of the elements of Mendeleyev, also referred to as the periodic table of elements.
• the metal cation is chosen from the elements of the group comprising zinc, copper, nickel and magnesium or even manganese.
• metals of the fifth and sixth period of the aforementioned periodic table such as tin or mercury, can also form a stable compound.
• the organic substance forming a carrier and which makes it possible to convey the terpenic compound through the tissues and to lead it to its potential target, the microorganism to be inactivated is chosen from among the carbohydrates, preferably the monosaccharides and osides, and gluconates, amino acid compounds, vitamins, nucleic acids or even benzene compounds. Included in these benzene compounds are salicylic or para-amino-salicylic acid and cinnamic acid.
• vitamins folic acid, para-aminobenzoic acid or even ascorbic acid are particularly suitable.
• zinc ascorbate-camphorate or bornyl folate of zinc or even born manganese gluconate will be formed.
• acetic acid will be used to form zinc aceto-camphorate.
• the metal ion of any of the above compounds can be replaced by one or other of the metal ions mentioned above, zinc or manganese.
• the invention proposes the use of a terpene composition as described above, for the production of a drug intended to overcome HIV or as an antimicrobial agent for external use.
• a drug intended to overcome HIV or as an antimicrobial agent for external use.
• a drug is likely to be produced at a very advantageous cost, since the aforementioned terpenic composition can itself be produced at low cost.
• the terpene composition for the preparation of a medicament may be diluted in an aqueous solution or in a water / alcohol mixture and be packaged with a physiologically acceptable carrier, in the form of a gel for external application or under the form of an injectable solution.
• a physiologically acceptable carrier in the form of a gel for external application or under the form of an injectable solution.
• the terpenic composition is also capable of being packaged into powder for oral administration.
• the abovementioned terpenic composition can be used for the preparation of antiseptic, microbicidal or disinfectant agents, whether for the treatment of human and animal or plant pathologies or even in sanitary applications.
• the invention relates to a process for the preparation of a terpene composition according to which an organic substance forming a vector is associated with a cyclic terpene compound obtained from a terpene of generic formula (C 5 H 8 ) n , n being between 2 and 5, and said cyclic terpene compound being bonded to a metal cation.
• the invention relates to the use of a terpene composition as described above, for obtaining a medicament for combating a viral or retroviral infection, for example of the HIV type.
• a peculiarity of the invention lies in the use of a cyclic terpene compound derived from a terpene of general formula (C 5 H 8 ) n, where n is between 2 and 5 with a metal cation and a substance organic forming a vector.
• the terpene compositions according to the invention have been prepared proportionally with experimental amounts which make it possible to show their effects and their effectiveness. However, the extrapolation of these experimental quantities to industrial quantities raises no difficulty.
• a first preparation containing ascorbic acid, camphoric acid and zinc was prepared under ambient conditions of temperature and pressure, is substantially 0 298.15 K and 10 5 Pa.
• camphor is prepared from a well-known process using as raw material pinene, the camphoric acid of formula (I):
• camphoric acid are solubilized in 1 g of ethanol at 90 e . Then, 0.5 g of ultra pure water is added to the mixture.
• the mixture of camphoric acid is associated with a zinc oxide in solution.
• 81.3 mg of zinc oxide are mixed with 1 g of ultra pure water which after stirring form a milky solution.
• the aforementioned camphoric acid mixture is slowly poured into the solution milky. The whole is agitated moderately and intermittently. In addition, between each stirring phase, it is slightly heated, for example in an oven, to accelerate the reaction.
• a precipitate is formed, the zinc camphorate, which is recovered by extraction of the solvent, either by heating or freeze-drying.
• the mixing takes place at a temperature less than 0 298.15 K.
• the preparation thus obtained is mildly agitated and is kept away from light to prevent oxidation of ascorbic acid.
• zinc camphorate dissolves to form zinc ascorbate-camphorate in solution.
• only% of the zinc camphorate of the preparation dissolves, while the remaining 3% of the remaining zinc camphorate remains undissolved in the mixture.
• all of the ascorbic acid disappears and thus reacts with zinc camphorate.
• This preparation then diluted to the 1/200 or the 200 th , therefore includes molecular compounds comprising mole% of zinc ascorbate-camphorate molecules, and in this case% of 1/1000 mole of molecules, for 3 A mole of zinc camphorate molecules and in this case for 3 A of 1/1000 mole of molecules.
• this powder in solution allows a terpene composition to inactivate microorganisms and viruses, including HIV.
• a second preparation is carried out according to an example 2, with the same basic products, zinc camphorate and ascorbic acid, and according to the same protocol except the amount of ascorbic acid. Indeed, in this example 352 mg of ascorbic acid are dissolved in 10 g of ultrapure water with zinc camphorate. Thus, the second composition comprises not one but two moles of ascorbic acid for one mole of camphoric acid. On the other hand, according to this second preparation, it is now ⁇ A, half, of the zinc camphorate which dissolves, while the ascorbic acid reacts completely. Accordingly, the preparation includes molecular compounds comprising ⁇ A mole of zinc ascorbate-camphorate molecules for ⁇ A mole of zinc camphorate molecules.
• a third preparation is carried out according to Example 3, also with the same basic products and according to the same protocol, except for the amount of ascorbic acid which is then 704 mg.
• the third composition then comprises four moles of ascorbic acid for one mole of camphoric acid.
• all of the zinc camphorate dissolves and reacts with ascorbic acid.
• four moles of ascorbic acid react with one mole of zinc camphorate, from which it will be deduced that four molecules of ascorbic acid are attached to a molecule of zinc camphorate; and the molecule thus formed can be written: Zn [(C 10 H 4 O 4 ) (CeH 4 Oe) 4 ].
• This molecule can also form a number of hydrates that have not been described here.
• a fourth preparation is no longer prepared with ascorbic acid but from cinnamic acid of formula:
• Example 4 148 mg of cinnamic acid are dissolved in 1 g of ethanol and 500 mg of ultrapure water are added thereto. 132.65 mg of zinc camphorate obtained according to the process above are incorporated in the solution thus produced. After dissolution, a precipitate is formed corresponding to cinnamo-camphorate zinc, soluble in 1/1000 water, denoted 1000 e (one part by weight per 1000 parts of water by weight) and which is recovered .
• HIV-1 N DK X4-tropic
• HIV-1 Ba ⁇ R5-tropic
• macrophages and dendritic cells were obtained from peripheral blood mononuclear blood cells. In addition lymphocytes were provided.
• the cytotoxicity of the terpene compositions is controlled by the MTT test of Sigma.
• the above-mentioned macrophages or dendritic cells are then cultured and then treated with each of the compositions, and the MTT reagent is then added.
• the latter then forms crystals with highly metabolic living cells.
• the absorbance at 490 nm of the dissolved crystals then corresponds to the number of living cells.
• a survival percentage is obtained revealing the toxicity of the terpene compositions.
• results show that the dilutions 1/10000 denoted 10 000 e, the 500 th and 100 th of the above four compounds are not toxic for the cells studied.
• macrophages or dendritic cells are incubated with viral particles of the aforementioned strains, HIV-1 N DK (X4-tropic) or HIV-1 Ba ⁇ (R5-tropic), in the presence and in the absence of terpene compositions. The cells are then washed, then put back into culture and finally centrifuged. The supernatants are then recovered and the viral particles are lysed in order to measure the concentration of a viral protein using the ELISA test.
• the inhibitory activity of the terpene compositions is evaluated by comparison between the untreated infected cells and the infected cells treated.
• virus transfer tests from dendritic cells to autologous T cells, that is to say from the same stem cells, were carried out.
• dendritic cells are transferred and incubated with each of the terpene compositions and the virus. Then, after washing, autologous T lymphocytes are added in a ratio of one dendritic cell to five T lymphocytes. Then, the concentration of viral proteins of the aforementioned type is evaluated by the ELISA test.
• the terpene composition obtained from the third preparation inhibits more than 95% infection of macrophages by strains of tropical group X4 and R5.
• the third and fourth compositions respectively obtained from the third and fourth preparations, and diluted no longer in the 200 th but in the 2000 th , we obtain the same results
• the terpene composition obtained from the third compound, and diluted at 200 e more than 95% inhibits the infection of dendritic cells by strains X4 and R5. It will be noted here that the third composition obtained from the third preparation and diluted in 2000 e also makes it possible to obtain the same results. Also, diluted 100th the same third preparation is able to make non-infectious X4 strains.
• the dendritic cells express on their surface a DC-SIGN adhesion protein forming a viral receptor capable of sensing HIV and facilitating the infection of permissive cells by a so-called trans-infection mechanism.
• the DC-SIGN receptor can interact with the HIV envelope and retain the virion in an infectious state and then transmit it to the permissive T lymphocytes at the adjacent lymph nodes.
• a 200 th dilution of the terpene composition from the third compound then causes an inhibition of the infection of the dendritic cells by the tropical R5 and X4 strains by more than 95%.
• the third composition obtained from the third preparation and diluted in the 2000th leads to the same results.
• another terpene composition, in accordance with the invention, zinc acetosalicylo-borneolate has been prepared in organic solution. This fifth preparation, diluted to 50%, was tested in the inhibition of macrophage infection; and it inhibits by more than 50% the infection of macrophages by strains of tropical group R5.
• terpene compositions based on the abovementioned compositions allow the preparation of drugs for internal or external use to fight against HIV. It will be noted that the most effective terpene composition with the highest activity in all of the above tests is the composition from the third preparation. Also, the role of ascorbic acid as a vector is critical.
• this terpene composition from the third preparation has a detergent activity vis-à-vis the X4 strains, when diluted to one hundredth.
• the terpene compositions are formulated with a physiologically acceptable excipient in the form of a gel or ointment.
• vaginal toxicity tests were conducted on the rabbit model.
• the New Zealand white rabbit model was used to show whether repeated applications of the terpene composition from the third preparation led to vaginal irritation.
• the animals were treated with doses of 1 ml of 2 compositions, one containing 2.1 ⁇ g / ml of the composition and the other 4200 ⁇ g / ml.
• Control animals were treated only with PBS buffer under the same conditions.
• terpene derivatives have high anti-retroviral activity, and are capable of inhibiting viral replication within mucosal target cells, such as macrophages, dendritic cells, and lymphocytes. Some of them effectively inhibit the transfer of HIV from dendritic cells to CD4 cells, which is one of the major hypothetical mechanisms involved in the mucosal crossing of the virus and in the amplification of its dissemination within the mucosa.
• terpene derivatives are a class of antiretroviral compounds distinct from those that already exist and they inhibit the entry and replication of HIV-1 by novel mechanisms, these compounds become attractive sources of anti-viral molecules in a perspective that is both preventive and therapeutic.
• the terpene compositions are obtained in solid form, for example powdery, and can then be tabletted for oral administration or solubilized in a physiologically acceptable excipient for parenteral administration.
• the terpene compositions were tested in toxicological terms in the mouse and revealed an LD 50 (lethal dose from which 50% of the individuals die) at 48 hours after administration, 5.5 g more or less 0.5 g per kilogram. Thus, such compositions are considered to be non-toxic.
• the subacute toxicity tests have also shown that the terpene compositions according to the invention are suitable for the treatment of human pathologies.
• the above terpene compositions are formulated from 1 to 300 mg by absorption for fractional or non-fractional doses and for a dosage ranging from 1 to 3000 mg per day in an adult.
• the dosages could be higher if other embodiments of the invention were used, and in particular if the terpene compound was derived from bornyl.

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