EP2093182B1 - Lasthebevorrichtung und Lasthebeverfahren - Google Patents

Lasthebevorrichtung und Lasthebeverfahren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2093182B1
EP2093182B1 EP20090153256 EP09153256A EP2093182B1 EP 2093182 B1 EP2093182 B1 EP 2093182B1 EP 20090153256 EP20090153256 EP 20090153256 EP 09153256 A EP09153256 A EP 09153256A EP 2093182 B1 EP2093182 B1 EP 2093182B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
load
cross
height
cylinder
post
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Active
Application number
EP20090153256
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2093182A1 (de
Inventor
Hervé Quinot
Thierry Jaeger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Electricite de France SA
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Electricite de France SA
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Application filed by Electricite de France SA filed Critical Electricite de France SA
Publication of EP2093182A1 publication Critical patent/EP2093182A1/de
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Publication of EP2093182B1 publication Critical patent/EP2093182B1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C19/00—Cranes comprising trolleys or crabs running on fixed or movable bridges or gantries
    • B66C19/02—Cranes comprising trolleys or crabs running on fixed or movable bridges or gantries collapsible

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for lifting a load, and to a method for implementing such a device.
  • an electrical transformer is a particularly heavy load and difficult to handle.
  • the envelope of the electrical transformer usually comprises on its upper part lifting rings.
  • the document JP9306746 describes a method of lifting an electrical transformer using two cranes to lift and tilt the transformer, in order to avoid shock of the transformer with means of transport during its shipment.
  • a gantry crane that can be mounted manually is known from the document DE 197 04 967 A1 .
  • the present invention aims to provide a device for lifting a load inside a closed chamber without the use of a crane.
  • the load can be raised in a closed enclosure.
  • a height is a distance in the vertical direction
  • a length or width is a distance in a horizontal direction.
  • the vertical uprights are four in number: a first upright 11, a second upright 12, a third upright 13 and a fourth upright 14, each having respectively a lower end 11a, 12a, 13a, 14a resting on the floor and having each respectively an upper end 11b, 12b, 13b, 14b.
  • Each post extends in a vertical direction from its lower end to its upper end.
  • the four uprights 11, 12, 13, 14 are substantially parallel to each other.
  • the four lower ends 11a, 12a, 13a, 14a of these vertical uprights are spaced apart on the ground and form substantially four corners of a first rectangle R1.
  • the four upper ends 11b, 12b, 13b, 14b of these vertical uprights also form substantially four corners of a second rectangle substantially identical to the first rectangle at a first height H1 relative to the ground.
  • the support structure 2 further comprises crosspieces 21, 22, 23, 24 substantially horizontal.
  • the first cross member 21 connects the first amount 11 to the second amount 12.
  • the second cross member 22 connects the second amount 12 to the third amount 13.
  • the third cross member 23 connects the third amount 13 to the fourth amount 14.
  • the fourth cross member 24 connects the fourth amount 14 to the first amount 11.
  • first and third cross members 21, 23 are located at a first height H1 with respect to the ground. They therefore connect the upper ends of the uprights.
  • the second and fourth cross members 22, 24 are located at a second height H2 relative to the ground, different from the first height H1, and in this example to a second height H2 less than the first height H1.
  • the support structure 2 is thus even more rigid.
  • Each of these amounts and sleepers is made by assembling components that are nested to each other and fixed together by means of fasteners, such as pins. But any other method of assembly and fixation can be used.
  • the support structure 2 thus assembled consists of components of reduced size, easily transportable by any vehicle, and can be easily installed and mounted directly around the load in a closed chamber, without the need for space around and at above the charge.
  • Each component is itself made by welding portions of sections of any section, and advantageously of square or circular section.
  • the components are thus inexpensive to manufacture.
  • the support structure 2 also comprises four guides 31, 32, 33, 34, each having the shape of a substantially vertical profile and intended to guide the displacement of the suspension structure 3 with respect to the support structure (2).
  • First and second guides 31, 32 substantially parallel, supported by their lower ends on the second crosspiece 22.
  • a first bearing 41 belonging to the suspension structure 3 is slidably mounted on said first and second guides 31, 32.
  • substantially parallel third and fourth guides 33, 34 are supported by their lower ends on the fourth crosspiece 24.
  • a second bearing 42 belonging to the suspension structure 3 is slidably mounted on said third and fourth guides 33, 34.
  • the first and second bearings 41, 42 are formed for example by welded sections and have a general shape of H whose two vertical branches are open at their end profiles adapted to come around and slide on the corresponding guides.
  • the beam 4 is mounted on said first and second bearings 41, 42, by interlocking in a yoke 43 (see FIG. figure 3 ) of each level. It is then fixed by a pin (not shown) passing through each yoke 43.
  • the yoke 43 may be inversely formed under the ends of the beam 4.
  • the beam 4 is then mounted on said first and second bearings 41, 42, by interlocking the yoke 43 on each bearing.
  • the attachment means 5 are for example formed by a U-shaped threaded rod surrounding the beam 4 and closed by a plate retained on said rod by nuts. These attachment means 5 thus each form a loop around the beam 4, and intended to be engaged in lifting rings 51 of the load 50 (see FIG. figure 2 ).
  • the figure 2 is generally a load 50.
  • the load 50 shown is for example an electrical transformer, including a liquid dielectric electrical transformer.
  • this load 50 will be referred to in the following "electrical transformer”.
  • the electrical transformer 50 generally comprises a substantially parallelepipedal vessel 53 having on its four lateral faces fins forming a heat radiator.
  • the tank 53 is closed at the top by a cover 55 sealed.
  • the electric coils (not shown) are enclosed inside said tank and immersed in a dielectric liquid.
  • Rollers 52 are mounted under the tank 53. The electrical transformer 50 can be moved on the ground by rolling on these rollers 52.
  • the cover 55 comprises lifting rings 51, for lifting said transformer.
  • the figure 2 comprises only two lifting rings 51, one at each longitudinal end of the cover 55. This configuration is adapted to the two attachment means 5 mounted on the beam 4 of the device 1. But a person skilled in the art will easily understand how to modify the suspension structure 3 to lift a load having any number of lifting rings 51.
  • the electrical transformer 50 also has electrical connections (terminals and cables) of its primary and secondary for its electrical operation.
  • the electrical transformer 50 has in projection on the ground a perimeter or profile indicated by the curve P of the figure 2 .
  • Device 1 of the figure 1 is thus mounted in place around the load, the electrical transformer 50, so that the first rectangle RI cited above substantially surrounds said electrical transformer.
  • the profile P of the electrical transformer 50 can either be included in the first rectangle RI as shown schematically in FIG. Figure 2A , be partially included in this first rectangle RI as schematically represented in Figure 2B .
  • two sides of the rectangle RI are outside the profile P and the other two sides of the rectangle R1 intersect the profile P, that is to say that the two crosspieces corresponding to these two other sides are at a height much greater than the height of the electrical transformer, to be able to lift under said sleepers.
  • the figure 3 details by an exploded the construction of the support structure 2 and the suspension structure 3 of the device 1. This figure 3 does not present all the elements for clarity, but the whole structure can easily be reconstituted by the general symmetry of the device 1 easily identifiable in figure 1 .
  • the first upright 11 is for example made with a simple profile, having a length substantially equal to the first height H1.
  • This first upright 11 is for example made with a cylindrical section having substantially halfway between its lower end 11a and its upper end 11b through holes 15 for receiving pins intended to serve as a stop to determine the vertical position of the second and fourth cross members 22, 24, i.e. the second height H2.
  • the second 12, third 13 and fourth 14 amounts are made identically to the first amount 11.
  • the horizontal branches 24.1b, 24.2b, 24.3a of the first, second and third components are adapted to fit with little clearance.
  • they are each formed by a hollow rectangular profile, and the external dimensions of the horizontal branches 24.1b , 24.2b of the first and second components are smaller than the internal dimensions of the horizontal leg 24.3a of the third component, so that the first and second components 24.1, 24.2 are threaded into the third component 24.3.
  • the horizontal branches 24.1b, 24.2b of the first and second components may have dimensions identical and having ends facing each other and able to abut in the third component 24.3.
  • the horizontal branches 24.1b, 24.2b of the first and second components may have dimensions adapted to be nested one inside the other, all of the horizontal branches 24.1b, 24.2b being nested or strung together in the branch horizontal 24.3a of the third component 24.3.
  • the width of the fourth cross member 24 is adjustable within a predetermined width range.
  • the vertical branches 24.1a, 24.2a of the first and second components are formed with a hollow profile, for example rectangular in figure 3 and are adapted to be aligned and threaded on the first and fourth uprights 11, 14, respectively, to an abutment formed by a pin inserted into the through holes 15 of said first and fourth uprights 11, 14. In this manner, the vertical position of the fourth cross member 24 is set to the second height H2.
  • the vertical branches 24.3c, 24.3b of the third component 24.3 are adapted to accommodate the third and fourth guides 33, 34 respectively.
  • they are each formed by a hollow section whose internal dimensions are greater than the external dimensions of the profile of said third and fourth guides 33, 34.
  • the third and fourth guides 33, 34 are thus fitted vertically from above in said vertical branches. 24.3b, 24.3c of said third component until it comes into abutment against the horizontal branch 24.3a of said third component 24.3.
  • the second cross member 22 comprises three other components similar to those of the fourth cross member.
  • the second cross member thus has an adjustable width in the same predetermined width range.
  • the horizontal leg 21.1b of the first component and the horizontal leg 21.2b of the second component have different sections and adapted so that the interlocking is possible with a small clearance.
  • they are each formed by a hollow rectangular section whose dimensions external components of the first component are smaller than the internal dimensions of the second component.
  • the horizontal leg 21.2b of the second component comprises for example a screw 25 for securing said horizontal branches 21.1b, 21.2b of the first and second component, by transverse pressure.
  • the length of the first cross member 21 is adjustable in a predetermined length range.
  • the vertical leg 21.1a is then adapted to be threaded on the upper end 11b of the first upright 11, and the first component 21.1 of the first cross member 21 comes vertically in abutment against said upper end 11b.
  • the vertical leg 21.2a is adapted to be threaded on the upper end 12b of the second upright 11, and the second component 21.2 of the first cross member 21 comes vertically in abutment against said upper end 12b.
  • the third cross 23 includes two others components similar to those of the first cross.
  • the third cross member 23 thus has an adjustable length in the same predetermined length range.
  • the support structure 2 is adjustable in width and length, and can therefore easily be adapted to the size of the electrical transformer 50, so that the lower ends 11a, 12a, 13a, 14a of the respective vertical uprights may be placed around the electrical transformer, at a short distance thereof, and between said electrical transformer 50 and side walls of the closed enclosure.
  • the support structure 2 can be assembled directly around the load in a closed enclosure, without the need for space around and above the load 50.
  • the mounting of the device stems from its design described above, and the components of the various amounts and crosses of the support structure 2 can be assembled to each other in an almost any order that the skilled person will have little difficulty in determine.
  • the suspension structure 3 has already been partially described previously.
  • the beam 4 of the figure 3 is made in a single section between the first bearing 41 and the second bearing 42, so that the beam 4 is very rigid and allows to lift a very large load, for example greater than 1000 kg.
  • the beam 4 comprises two components formed of hollow profiles, rectangular or square, nested one inside the other, so that said beam 4 is telescopic, with a length of beam 4 adjustable in a predetermined length range , substantially identical to the adjustment range of the length of the first and third crosspieces 21, 23.
  • the structure of suspension 3 is also adjustable in length and can be adapted to the size of the electrical transformer 50.
  • the second bearing 42 has an H-shape with a horizontal branch 42a connecting two vertical branches 42b, 42c which are spaced from each other by a distance substantially identical to the distance separating the two vertical branches 24.3b, 24.3 c of the third component 24.3 of the fourth cross member 24.
  • the second bearing 42 can then be engaged on the third and fourth guides 33, 34, on which it can slide vertically.
  • the first bearing 41 is identical to the second bearing 42.
  • the two bearings 41, 42 allow the sliding substantially vertical, along the guides 31, 32, 33, 34 of the suspension structure 3.
  • a first cylinder 6 is then mounted vertically between a third component 22.3 of the second crossmember 22 and the first bearing 41.
  • a second cylinder 6 (see FIG. figure 4 ) is mounted vertically between the third component 24.3 of the fourth cross member 24 and the second bearing 42.
  • a plate (not shown) may be mounted between the upper ends of the vertical legs of the third component 22.3, 24.3. Said plate comprises in a substantially middle portion an opening. The jack 6 passes through said opening of the plate, and can not move laterally and the operation of the device 1 is secure.
  • a hydraulic compressor and actuating means (not shown) are connected by a circuit 7 to each cylinder 6, and thanks to which an operator can cause the actuation of jacks and displacement of the suspension structure 3 between the lowered position shown in FIG. figure 4 and the raised position represented in figure 5 .
  • the device 1 is installed around an electrical transformer 50 which rests on the ground by its rollers 52.
  • the cylinders 6 have an initial length, and the suspension structure is in the lowered position.
  • the cylinders 6 are elongated by a first height H1 and after catching vertical clearances between the cylinders 6 and the suspension structure 3, then between the suspension structure 3 and the electrical transformer 50, said electrical transformer 50 is raised in the vertical direction D of a second height H2 less than or equal to the first height H1.
  • the lateral flanks 61 have a third height H3 less than the second height H2.
  • the retention tank 60 can be placed manually under said electrical transformer 50.
  • the retention tank 60 has a sufficient volume to contain the liquid present inside the liquid dielectric electrical transformer.
  • Such a retention tank 60 may advantageously be made by cutting into a plate, for example a steel sheet, then folding the lateral flanks 61, then welding the four corners of the retention tank 60.
  • the retention tank 60 thus produced is waterproof and inexpensive.
  • the retention tank 60 is made by stamping a sheet metal plate.
  • the bottom 62, the side flanks 61 are thus naturally joined tightly and the retention tray 60 thus produced is also inexpensive.
  • the electrical transformer 50 can then be rested in the retention tank 60. In this way, no crane is used and the electrical transformer is not moved on the ground by rolling on its rollers 52.
  • the transformer is not moved laterally by rolling on its rollers, nor lifted by a crane impossible to install in the closed enclosure.
  • the lifting device is assembled in the reduced space of the enclosure around the electrical transformer, and the transformer is lifted by the device described, substantially vertically in this enclosure closed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Housings And Mounting Of Transformers (AREA)
  • Rehabilitation Tools (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Vorrichtung zum Heben einer Last, wobei die Vorrichtung (1) Folgendes umfasst:
    - eine Stützstruktur (2), umfassend mindestens vertikale Ständer (11, 12, 13, 14), die dazu bestimmt sind, am Boden zu stehen,
    - eine Aufhängestruktur (3), umfassend mindestens einen Träger (4), umfassend Befestigungsmittel (5), um einen oberen Teil der Last aufzuhängen, wobei die Aufhängestruktur (3) zumindest in eine Vertikalrichtung zwischen einer abgesenkten Position und einer angehobenen Position verschiebbar ist,
    wobei die Stützstruktur (2) umfasst:
    - erste (11), zweite (12), dritte (13) und vierte (14) im Wesentlichen vertikale und zueinander parallele Ständer, die jeweils ein oberes Ende (11a, 12a, 13a, 14a) und ein unteres Ende (11b, 12b, 13b, 14b) aufweisen, das dazu bestimmt ist, am Boden aufzuliegen,
    - erste (21), zweite (22), dritte (23) und vierte (24) im Wesentlichen horizontale Querstreben, wobei die erste Querstrebe (21) den ersten Ständer (11) mit dem zweiten Ständer (12) verbindet, wobei die zweite Querstrebe (22) den zweiten Ständer (12) mit dem dritten Ständer (13) verbindet, wobei die dritte Querstrebe (23) den dritten Ständer (13) mit dem vierten Ständer (14) verbindet, wobei die vierte Querstrebe (24) den vierten Ständer (14) mit dem ersten Ständer (11) verbindet, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung mindestens einen Zylinder (6) umfasst, der derart gesteuert ist, dass er die Verschiebung der Aufhängestruktur (3) zwischen der abgesenkten und der angehobenen Position hervorruft, wobei der mindestens eine Zylinder auf der zweiten (22) oder der vierten (24) Querstrebe der Stützstruktur (2) und auf der Aufhängestruktur (3) aufliegt.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, bei der die Stützstruktur (2) und die Aufhängestruktur (3) vor Ort um die Last herum zusammenbaubar und demontierbar sind.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, bei der die Stützstruktur (2) mindestens eine einstellbare Dimension aufweist.
  4. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Last (50) ein elektrischer Transformator mit einem flüssigen Dielektrikum ist.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, bei der die erste, zweite, dritte und vierte Querstrebe (21, 22, 23, 24) jeweils von mindestens zwei Elementen gebildet wird:
    - die in Translation zueinander beweglich sind, so dass die Länge der Querstrebe einstellbar ist, und
    - die durch Befestigungsmittel verbunden werden können, das dazu bestimmt ist, die Länge der Querstreben aufrechtzuerhalten.
  6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 5, bei der die erste und die dritte Querstrebe (21, 23) auf einer Höhe zum Boden angeordnet sind, die zur Höhe der zweiten und vierten Querstrebe (22, 24) zum Boden unterschiedlich ist.
  7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, bei der:
    - die Höhe der ersten und der dritten Querstrebe (21, 23) größer als die Höhe der Last ist, und
    - die Höhe der zweiten und der vierten Querstrebe (22, 24) kleiner als die Höhe der Last ist.
  8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, bei der die erste und die dritte Querstrebe (21, 23) an den oberen Enden der vertikalen Ständer eingesteckt sind.
  9. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der der Zylinder (6) ein Hydraulikzylinder ist.
  10. Verfahren zum Heben einer Last, bei dem die Vorrichtung (1) der vorhergehenden Ansprüche verwendet wird, und dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es die folgenden Schritte umfasst:
    (a) Zusammenbau der Vorrichtung (1) um die Last (50) herum,
    (b) Befestigen der Last (50) an den Befestigungsmitteln (5) der Vorrichtung (1),
    (c) Unterdrucksetzen mindestens eines Zylinders (6) der Vorrichtung, so dass sich der Zylinder (6) ausdehnt und die Last (50) um eine vorbestimmte Höhe (H2) angehoben wird.
  11. Verfahren nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, bei dem die Last (50) ein elektrischer Transformator mit einem flüssigen Dielektrikum ist, wobei das Verfahren ferner nach dem Schritt (c) die folgenden Schritte umfasst:
    (d) Positionieren eines Flüssigkeitsauffangbehälters (60) auf dem Boden unter dem elektrischen Transformator (50), dann
    (e) Mindern des Drucks des mindestens einen Zylinders (6) der Vorrichtung, so dass sich der Zylinder (6) verkürzt und der elektrische Transformator (50) wieder in den Flüssigkeitsauffangbehälter (60) gestellt wird.
EP20090153256 2008-02-25 2009-02-19 Lasthebevorrichtung und Lasthebeverfahren Active EP2093182B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0851187A FR2927893B1 (fr) 2008-02-25 2008-02-25 Dispositif pour soulever une charge, et procede pour mettre en oeuvre un tel dispositif.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2093182A1 EP2093182A1 (de) 2009-08-26
EP2093182B1 true EP2093182B1 (de) 2013-05-29

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CN104098016A (zh) * 2014-06-30 2014-10-15 国家电网公司 变压器简易吊装支架
CN104401901A (zh) * 2014-11-20 2015-03-11 厦门电业机电服务有限公司 移动式中小型变压器的提拉装置
CN111717811B (zh) * 2020-06-30 2024-05-24 上海振华重工(集团)股份有限公司 一种用于大型桥吊的抬高移位装置及移位方法
CN116924226A (zh) * 2023-07-17 2023-10-24 中国核工业二三建设有限公司 电气贯穿件吊装装置及方法

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US2702139A (en) * 1952-05-02 1955-02-15 Vernon D Faustine Carpet handling and transporting means
NL6902957A (de) * 1968-02-29 1969-09-02
FR2494246B1 (fr) * 1980-11-17 1985-09-13 Sotramef Portique de manutention ferroviaire et procede en faisant application pour la manutention d'objets lourds tels que des tabliers de ponts
JPH09306746A (ja) * 1996-05-14 1997-11-28 Toshiba Corp 分割輸送変圧器の吊り上げ方法
DE19704967C2 (de) * 1997-01-28 1999-08-05 Mannesmann Ag Portalkran, insbesondere zum Errichten von Bauwerken

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EP2093182A1 (de) 2009-08-26
FR2927893A1 (fr) 2009-08-28
FR2927893B1 (fr) 2011-01-07

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