Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
  • A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
  • A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
  • A01N59/20—Copper
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
  • C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
  • C02F1/505—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment by oligodynamic treatment
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
  • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
  • C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
  • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
  • C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
  • C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
  • C23C18/20—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins
  • C23C18/2006—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins by other methods than those of C23C18/22 - C23C18/30
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
  • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
  • C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
  • C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
  • C23C18/20—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins
  • C23C18/28—Sensitising or activating
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
  • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
  • C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
  • C23C18/31—Coating with metals
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
  • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
  • C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
  • C23C18/31—Coating with metals
  • C23C18/42—Coating with noble metals
  • C23C18/44—Coating with noble metals using reducing agents
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
  • D06M11/83—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with metals; with metal-generating compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls; Reduction of metal compounds on textiles
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/50—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with organometallic compounds; with organic compounds containing boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium atoms
  • D06M13/51—Compounds with at least one carbon-metal or carbon-boron, carbon-silicon, carbon-selenium, or carbon-tellurium bond
  • D06M13/513—Compounds with at least one carbon-metal or carbon-boron, carbon-silicon, carbon-selenium, or carbon-tellurium bond with at least one carbon-silicon bond
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M15/564—Polyureas, polyurethanes or other polymers having ureide or urethane links; Precondensation products forming them
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M15/643—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon in the main chain
  • D06M15/6436—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon in the main chain containing amino groups
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M16/00—Biochemical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. enzymatic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
  • C02F2103/002—Grey water, e.g. from clothes washers, showers or dishwashers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
  • C02F2103/02—Non-contaminated water, e.g. for industrial water supply
  • C02F2103/023—Water in cooling circuits
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
  • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
  • D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M2101/32—Polyesters
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
  • Y10T428/31678—Of metal

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a process for the metallization of polyester. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a polyester prepared by a process for metallization and its use. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a polyester which is coated with a metal.
• US Pat. No. 4,681,591 describes a process for producing a metallized polyester fiber textile comprising the following steps: pretreatment of the textile material comprising at least 15% by weight of polyester fibers and any other fiber type which may be selected from cotton, polyamide 6, polyamide 66, acrylic fibers and glass fibers, with an aqueous solution of caustic alkali, activating treatment of the pretreated textile material with a stannous-containing compound and with a palladium-containing compound and non-electrolytic coating of the activation-treated textile material in a mixture comprising nickel , Copper, cobalt, chromium or their alloys to form a metal coating thereon.
• a textile material produced in this way is suitable as protection against electromagnetic radiation.
• EP 0 156 120 A2 describes a process for the pretreatment of polyester, which is then to be coated with metal.
• a polyester material is treated with a composition containing a solvent system.
• the solvent system comprises water, at least one water-soluble organic solvent, and an effective amount of solvated hydroxide ions.
• the thus pretreated polyester material can then be coated with a metal and used for example as radiation protection, for the production of circuits or to increase the conductivity of plastics.
• DE 34 19 755 A1 discloses a method for silvering non-metallic materials. In this case, a surface to be silvered is activated with at least one compound based on palladium and then silvered using a silver plating bath.
• the silver plating bath contains, in addition to a silver salt, thiocyanate ions as complexing agent and hydroxylamine as reducing agent.
• JP 2005105386 A describes a bath for silvering fibers.
• the bath contains a silver salt, a complexing agent, a stabilizing agent and a reducing agent.
• JP 61281874 A discloses a process for the metallization of polyester, in which polyester is treated with sodium hydroxide solution, sensitized, activated and subsequently metallized with nickel or copper.
• JP 2001295058 a process for the production of metallized substrates is described in which a glass or a ceramic as a substrate is subjected to a surface treatment with a silane coupling agent having at least one functional group and then a dispersion of metallic particles. After cleaning, the substrate is coated with a metal layer.
• Nanosol coatings are known in which silver or silver compounds can be embedded and released in a controlled manner.
• the coatings are inorganic materials, especially silica gel based materials.
• WO 2006/052548 A1 discloses a method for modifying polymer surfaces for depositing metal, in which a polymer is modified with an etchant, the modified polymer for providing of a polymer having amino groups is silylated, and a noble metal is deposited on the amino group-containing polymer.
• DE 600 02 681 T2 describes a method for producing a carrier material with biocidal properties, in which chitosan is deposited on the carrier material, the carrier material is immersed in a silver salt solution, the silver salt is reduced, the chitosan is cross-linked, and the carrier material is washed.
• DE 689 14 485 T2 describes a process for the metallization of fibrous material in which the fibrous material is coated with polymers which may be functionalized. Subsequently, a metallization is performed.
• a problem with the metalated polyesters shown in the prior art is that metal and / or metal ions are released from the metal layer, especially when used in liquid-conducting systems, resulting in uncontrolled release and rapid wear of the metallized polyester leads.
• an uncontrolled release of metal or metal ions is disadvantageous.
• the object is achieved by a process for the metallization of polyester, in which the polyester
• the compound is treated with at least one compound having at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of a primary amine, a secondary amine, a thiol, a sulfide or an olefin, and the compound is crosslinked,
• the treated polyester is treated with a solution containing at least one metal salt selected from the group consisting of a silver salt, a copper salt and a nickel salt, and at least one complexing agent, and
• the treatment of the polyester with a basic solution serves the purpose of surface activation, whereby a microroughness is generated at the surface layers of the polyester.
• the treatment of the polyester with a compound having a functional group i. a nitrogen-containing group, a sulfur-containing group or olefin group, equips this with a functionalized layer.
• the crosslinking of the compound can be realized by self-crosslinking of the compound, for example by condensation. Alternatively, the crosslinking of the compound can be realized by adding at least one further compound and crosslinking with it, for example by an addition.
• metal is fixed via interaction effects, in particular via coordinative or ionic interactions, with the functional groups.
• the ionic metal is reduced to form a metal layer.
• a metal-coated polyester having a low metal releasability can be obtained. That is, the metal adheres excellently to the obtained polyester.
• Articles of the present invention are also the metallized polyesters obtained by the process and their use.
• the metallized Polyester is used for the antimicrobial treatment of liquid in liquid-conducting systems or for the production of stockings, insoles, clothing, upholstery for seating or mattresses.
• the above uses are advantageous on the one hand by the excellent adhesion of the silver to the polyester obtained according to the invention and by the reduced release of silver to the environment and on the other hand by the biocidal action of the silver.
• this object is achieved by providing a coated polyester comprising a polyester comprising a layer of a crosslinking product obtained by a condensation or addition reaction of at least one compound having at least one functional group selected from among A group consisting of a primary amine, a secondary amine, a thiol, a sulfide and an olefin, and a layer of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of silver, copper and nickel.
• a coated polyester comprising a polyester comprising a layer of a crosslinking product obtained by a condensation or addition reaction of at least one compound having at least one functional group selected from among A group consisting of a primary amine, a secondary amine, a thiol, a sulfide and an olefin, and a layer of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of silver, copper and nickel.
• the basic solution is an aqueous and / or alcoholic solution containing at least one base.
• the base is preferably sodium hydroxide. Another preferred base is potassium hydroxide.
• the aqueous solution is water.
• the alcoholic solution is advantageously methanol, ethanol or propanol or mixtures thereof. Ethanol is preferably used as the alcoholic solution.
• the alcoholic solution is readily miscible with water, there are also mixtures of the invention aqueous solution and alcoholic solution used.
• the mixing ratio of aqueous solution to alcoholic solution is in the range of 1:50 to 50: 1, preferably 1:10 to 10: 1, more preferably 1: 5 to 5: 1, aqueous solution: alcoholic solution (v / v).
• an aqueous solution is used.
• the amount of the base contained in the aqueous and / or alcoholic solution is selected such that a 0.5N to 3N basic solution is used.
• the basic solution is preferably an aqueous NaOH solution.
• the basic solution may also be an amine-based solution, such as an ammonia solution.
• the polyester is treated in the basic solution at temperatures of 0 0 C to 145 0 C, preferably 50 0 C to 130 0 C, more preferably at 70 ° C to 115 ° C, either pressureless or at pressures of 1 to 10 bar.
• the treatment time is advantageously between 5 minutes and 2 hours, more preferably between 10 minutes and 30 minutes, more advantageously about 15 minutes.
• the treatment of the polyester with the basic solution involves immersing the polyester in the basic solution. Alternatively, the polyester is sprayed with the basic solution. Further alternatively, the polyester is wetted with the basic solution.
• the polyester After treatment with the basic solution, the polyester is washed in an advantageous embodiment with water and dried.
• the washing with water is carried out by repeated immersion in water.
• the drying is carried out by heating the polyester by means of a drying device, such as a drying oven.
• the drying oven is heated up to 140 ° C., preferably up to 120 ° C.
• the drying is carried out by leaving the polyester at room temperature.
• the at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a primary amine, a secondary amine, a thiol, a sulfide and an olefin is a compound of the formula in which
• R 1 is a branched or straight-chain alkyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 8 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 or 2 carbon atoms, x is 1 to 3, preferably 3 , M is Si, Ti or Sn, and
• Such a compound is capable of incorporating into the microroughness of the pretreated polyester. Furthermore, a compound can be crosslinked by a subsequent condensation step and therefore act as a protective layer for the polyester. Especially in the presence of water, the alkoxy groups of the compound of the formula (I) hydrolyze to silanol groups. By condensation of these SHanol groups, a siloxane network can be formed.
• the rate of hydrolysis depends on the one hand on the surrounding conditions, in particular on the pH value and the temperature, on the other hand on the nature of the Süans.
• a hydrolysis is carried out in an acidic aqueous-alcoholic solution.
• the condensation is preferably carried out by subjecting the treated polyester to a temperature in the range of 120 0 C to 200 0 C, preferably 140 ° C and 170 0 C, more preferably 140 ° C and 150 0 C is performed.
• M is Si
• a polysilicic acid can be formed. M is therefore in an advantageous embodiment Si.
• the treatment with at least one compound of the formula (I) advantageously comprises a padding of the polyester treated with the basic solution.
• the compound of the formula (I) is advantageously dissolved in water and / or an alcohol which is advantageously mixed with acid.
• the alcohol is methanol, ethanol, propanol and / or butanol.
• the compound of formula (I) is padded in pure form. Subsequently, the treated polyester is dried. Drying leads to a more uniform coating of the polyester. By drying at elevated temperature, a condensation of the compound of formula (I) is accelerated, wherein the elevated temperature between 120 0 C and 200 0 C.
• the treatment comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a primary amine, a secondary amine, a thiol, a sulfide and an olefin, and the crosslinking of the compound
• R and R 1 are each independently a branched or straight chain alkyl of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, more preferably of 1 or 2 carbon atoms, x is 1 to 4, and M is Si , Ti or Sn,
• R 1 is a branched or straight-chain alkyl of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, more preferably of 1 or 2 carbon atoms, x is 1 to 3, preferably 3, M is Si, Ti or Sn is, and
• R and R 1 are each independently a branched or straight chain alkyl of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 8 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 or 2 carbon atoms , x is 1 to 4 and M is Si, Ti or Sn, is referred to as an unfunctionalized alkoxy compound.
• unfunctionalized alkoxy compounds are tetrabutoxysilane (tetrabutyl), tetrapropoxysilane (tetrapropyl orthosilicate), tetraethoxysilane (tetraethyl orthosilicate), tetra methoxysilane (tetramethyl orthosilicate), triethoxyoctylsilane, silane Trimethoxyoctyl-, triethoxyethylsilane, trimethoxyethylsilane, triethoxymethylsilane, methoxymethylsilan tri-, isooctyltrimethoxysilane and isooctyltriethoxysilane wherein tetraethoxysilane, tetramethoxysilane, triethoxyoctylsilane and triethoxymethylsilane are particularly preferred.
• R 1 is a branched or straight-chain alkyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 8 carbon atoms, even more preferably 1 or 2 carbon atoms, x is 1 to 3, preferably 3, M is Si, Ti or Sn, and
• I is an integer from 1 to 7, preferably 2 or 3, as a functionalized alkoxy compound.
• Examples of advantageously used functionalized alkoxy compounds are, in particular, 3-aminopropyltripropoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropyltributoxysilane (3-tributoxysilyl-1-propanethiol), 3-mercaptopropyltripropoxysilane (3-tripropoxysilyl-1-propanethiol), 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane (3-triethoxysilyl-1-propanethiol), 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (3-trimethoxysilyl-1-propanethiol), triethoxyvinylsilane, trimethoxyvinylsilane, divinyldiethoxysilane, trivinylmethoxysilane, and tri (3-aminopropyl) ethoxysilane, N- (2- Aminoe
• Particularly advantageous in the process according to the invention are 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (3-trimethoxysilyl-1-propanethiol), triethoxyvinylsilane, N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 2- [2- (2- 3-trimethoxysilylpropylamino) ethylamine] ethylamine.
• a first condensation is optionally carried out after the treatment of the polyester with the unfunctionalized alkoxy compound.
• a first condensation After the treatment of the polyester with an unfunctionalized alkoxy compound and before treatment with a functionalized alkoxy compound is carried out a first condensation.
• the primer layer serves to avoid a possible reaction of the functionalized alkoxy compound with the treated polyester, which could lead to destruction of the polyester structure.
• the polyester treated with the basic solution is treated with an unfunctionalized alkoxy compound and with a functionalized alkoxy compound and then a condensation is carried out so that both the unfunctionalized and the functionalized alkoxy compound of the formula (I) are each themselves as well as condense with each other.
• the treatment with the unfunctionalized alkoxy compound and the functionalized alkoxy compound can be carried out sequentially.
• the polyester is treated with a mixture of the unfunctionalized alkoxy compound and functionalized alkoxy compound.
• the incorporation of the unfunctionalized alkoxy compound to the functionalized alkoxy compound serves several purposes.
• the hydrophobicity / hydrophilicity of the produced layer formed by the subsequent condensation can be controlled by the amount of unfunctionalized alkoxy compound relative to the amount of the functionalized alkoxy compound.
• this makes it possible to control the proportion of functional groups in this layer.
• the unfunctionalized alkoxy compounds of formula (I) are generally less expensive than the functionalized alkoxy compounds, so their use reduces costs.
• the contacting of the treated polyester with at least one unfunctionalized alkoxy compound of the formula (I) and with at least one functionalized alkoxy compound of the formula (I) comprises, depending on the above embodiment, a first and optionally a second padding of the polyester.
• first embodiment variant ie the performance of a first and second condensation
• a first foiling is carried out after the treatment of the polyester with the unfunctionalized alkoxy compound and a second padding after the treatment of the polyester with the functionalized alkoxy compound.
• a padding is carried out after the treatment of the polyester with the unfunctionalized alkoxy compound and the functionalized alkoxy compound.
• the unfunctionalized or functionalized alkoxy compound is dispersed in a solvent and applied to the polyester and padded.
• the solvent is water, methanol, ethanol, propanol and / or butanol, preferably in admixture with hydrochloric acid.
• a first or second condensation is carried out.
• the first and second condensation by heating the compound having at least an encryption of the formula (I) treated polyester up to 200 0 C, preferably up to 170 0 C, more preferably up to 140 0 C is performed.
• the condensation time is determined as a function of the temperature and is up to 15 minutes, preferably up to 5 minutes, more preferably up to 1 minute.
• the polyester thus treated is washed in an advantageous embodiment by repeated immersion in water and then dried.
• Olefin a liquid, polyfunctional amine.
• the steps of treating the polyester with a basic solution and treating the polyester with at least one compound having at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of a primary amine, a secondary amine, a thiol , a sulfide or an olefin, simultaneously, since a liquid, polyfunctional amine is both a basic solution and a compound having at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of a primary may be amine, a secondary amine, a thiol, a sulfide or an olefin.
• the liquid, polyfunctional amine is in particular a compound of the formula
• R 2 is selected from the group consisting of H 2 N (CH 2 ) W, R 4 3 Si (CH 2 ) w and H 2 NC 6 H 4
• R 3 is selected from the group consisting of [(CH 2 ) x NH] y (CH 2) z NH 2;
• w is an integer from 1 to 7, preferably 2 or 3
• x is an integer from 1 to 7, preferably 2 or 3 is
• y is zero or an integer from 1 to 7, preferably zero, 1 or 2
• z is an integer from 1 to 7, preferably 2 or 3 and
• R 4 is a branched or straight-chain alkyl or -O-alkyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, more preferably having 1 or 2 carbon atoms. Due to the multiple functionality, such a compound is capable of easily undergoing a crosslinking reaction upon the addition of another suitable compound.
• R 2 when R 2 is H 2 N (CH 2 ) W , R 3 is [(CH 2 ) ⁇ NH] y (CH 2 ) z NH 2 , where w, x, y and z are as defined above.
• the compound of formula (II) is selected from the group consisting of bis (3-aminopropyl) amine, N, N'-bis (2-aminoethyl) -1, 3-propanediamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, bis [3 (trimethylsilyl) propyl] amine and bis [3- (trimethoxysilyl) propyl] amine.
• Particularly advantageous is the compound of formula (II) bis (3-aminopropyl) amine or tetraethylenepentamine.
• the crosslinking of the compound of the formula (II) is carried out by contacting with a compound which has at least one isocyanate group, preferably two isocyanate groups.
• a compound of the formula (II) carries out an addition reaction with a compound having at least one isocyanate group to form a urea.
• the compound having at least one isocyanate group a diisocyanate.
• the diisocyanate is preferably selected from the group consisting of hexamethylene diisocyanate, tolylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate and 4,4'-methylenebis (cyclohexyl isocyanate). Most preferably, the diisocyanate is hexamethylene diisocyanate.
• the polyester is coated with the compound of formula (II), optionally padded, and then coated with a compound having at least one isocyanate group and optionally padded.
• the polyester thus treated is then washed, preferably with water.
• the polyester is then dried.
• the polyester is coated, optionally padded, with the compound having at least one isocyanate group, followed by reaction with a compound of formula (II) , coated and optionally padded.
• the polyester thus treated is then washed, preferably with water.
• the polyester is then dried, for example by standing at room temperature.
• the coating of the polyester with a compound of the formula (II) or a compound which has at least one isocyanate group is achieved by dipping, setting, spraying or wetting the polyester with the respective compound carried out.
• the corresponding compound may be dissolved in a solvent, preferably water.
• the concentration of the respective compound used ranges from 100% to 0, 1%.
• the complexing agent used in the inventive method is in an advantageous embodiment selected from the group consisting of ammonia, ethylenediamine, triethanolamine, ethanolamine, 1, 3-diaminopropane, sodium thiosulfate, thioisocyanate, glycerol, sodium tartrate, sodium potassium tartrate and sodium citrate.
• the complexing agent ammonia is volatile. Therefore, excess ammonia can be easily removed.
• the metal salt is selected from the group consisting of silver halide, silver sulfate, silver nitrate, copper halide, copper sulfate, copper nitrate, copper acetate, nickel halide, nickel sulfate, nickel nitrate and nickel acetate.
• the metal salt used is particularly advantageously silver nitrate, silver chloride or silver sulfate. More preferably, the metal salt is silver nitrate.
• Halide used according to the invention comprises in particular chloride, bromide and iodide.
• the solution containing the metal salt and the complexing agent is advantageously an aqueous solution.
• the above solution comprises water, the metal salt and the complexing agent.
• the ratio of metal salt to complexing agent is advantageously in the range of 1: 1 to 1:10, more preferably 1: 2 to 1: 3 (v / v).
• the treatment of the polyester with the metal salt and complexing agent-containing solution is advantageously carried out at a temperature between 10 0 C and 60 0 C, more preferably between 20 ° C and 50 0 C, most advantageously carried out at 25 ° C.
• the treatment time is between 5 minutes and 2 days, advantageously between 30 minutes and 4 hours, more advantageously between 1 and 2 hours.
• the treatment is advantageously carried out by dipping or immersing the treated polyester in the solution.
• the polyester is dried after treatment with the metal salt and complexing agent-containing solution.
• the drying is advantageous at a temperature between 30 ° C. and 60 0 C, more advantageously carried out between 40 0 C and 55 ° C.
• the drying time is advantageously between 10 minutes and 30 minutes.
• Treatment of the functional-group-containing polyester with the solution containing the metal salt and the complexing agent causes the metal to interact through interactions, particularly via coordinative (especially in the case of -NH 2 ) and ionic (especially in the case of -SH). Interactions, fixed.
• the reducing agent is selected from the group consisting of glucose, ascorbic acid, sodium borohydride, sodium dithionite, sodium sulfite, sodium formate, formaldehyde and sodium hydrophosphite.
• the reducing agent serves to reduce the ionic metal.
• the reducing agent is glucose or ascorbic acid.
• Glucose or ascorbic acid is a very environmentally friendly reducing agent, easy to handle, readily available and non-toxic.
• the reduction is preferably carried out in water, in particular at temperatures between 10 0 C and 60 ° C, preferably 20 ° C and 30 0 C, over a period between 5 minutes and 2 hours, preferably between 15 Minutes and 1 hour.
• the reducing agent is preferably used in the form of an aqueous solution having a concentration of from 1.25 to 5 g / l and a pH in the range from 7 to 12, preferably from 8 to 10.5 ,
• the pH of the reducing agent-containing solution can be adjusted, for example, by means of the addition of ammonia.
• the reduction is preferably carried out in ethanol, in particular at temperatures between 10 ° C and 50 ° C, preferably 20 0 C and 30 ° C, over a period between 5 minutes and 2 hours, preferably between 15 minutes and 1 hour.
• the polyester is advantageously immersed or inserted into the reducing agent-containing solution and possibly agitated.
• the treatment of the polyester is carried out at a liquor ratio (ratio of the mass (kg) of the product to the volume (I) of the reducing agent solution) of 1:10 to 1: 100, preferably 1:50 to 1: 100.
• the resulting metallized polyester is washed in an advantageous embodiment with water and optionally heated to drying at up to 150 0 C.
• the process according to the invention is advantageously carried out with a polyester which is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate and mixtures thereof.
• the method of the invention is not limited to polyesters of this type.
• examples of other polyesters which can be metallized by the process according to the invention are poly-1 ; 4-cyclohexanedimentylene terephthalate, polyethyleneoxybenzoate, or poly-1,4-cyclohexylidene dimethylene terephthalate, are not limited thereto.
• a particularly preferred polyester is polyethylene terephthalate.
• the polyester is treated with an agent selected from the group consisting of reducing agent, complexing agent and polymer.
• agent selected from the group consisting of reducing agent, complexing agent and polymer.
• the active principles of the agent are the reduction of any remaining after the implementation of the process, ionic metal portions in the region of the surface of the metallized polyester, the removal of ionic metal fractions of the metallized polyester by means of complexing or a seal of the metallized polyester.
• a depot effect in the application means that a metal delivery permitted in accordance with the respective guidelines, system specifications and regulations is constant over a long period of time. This will be a long Duration of action and thus achieved a long useful life of the metallized polyester.
• a preferred reducing agent is glucose.
• the reducing effect of aqueous solutions of glucose is u. a. depending on the glucose concentration and the pH-dependent redox potential, which depends on the pH linearly.
• the silver release of the silvered polyester after treatment with the reducing agent decreases linearly with increasing pH of the reducing solution and with increasing oxidation potential. That is, by treating the metallized polyester with the reducing agent, the metal or metal ion release, in this case the silver ion or silver ion release, of the metallized polyester into a surrounding liquid can be adjusted to a certain value.
• the agent is a complexing agent.
• the complexing agent used is a chelating agent mentioned above.
• the metallized polyester is rinsed with the complexing agent, which may be in aqueous solution. Subsequently, the treated polyester is optionally washed with water and optionally dried at a temperature of up to 140 0 C.
• the agent is a polymer.
• the polymer is preferably selected from the group consisting of polyurethane, polyacrylate and finishing equipment.
• a metallized polyester is obtained.
• a besler- berter, bekupferter or nickel-coated polyester is obtained by the method according to the invention.
• a silvered polyester hold is given to using the method according to the invention.
• the metallized polyester is a wholly or partially metallized polyester.
• the metallized polyester obtained by the process according to the invention is advantageously in the form of a yarn, a fiber, a filament, a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, a braid, a knitted fabric or a fleece.
• the metallized polyester obtained by the process according to the invention is a fiber. He is then particularly suitable for the production of stockings and clothing.
• the resulting metallized polyester is a knitted fabric, in particular a knitted spacer fabric. The spacer fabric is particularly useful for antimicrobial treatment of fluid in fluid-carrying systems and insoles.
• the metallized polyester obtained by the process according to the invention is advantageously used for the antimicrobial treatment of liquid in liquid-carrying systems.
• Particularly suitable for this purpose is a silvered polyester, since silver is able to effectively inhibit bacteria due to its outstanding antimicrobial action.
• the metallized polyester obtained by the process of the present invention is used to make stockings, insoles, clothing, upholstery for seating or mattresses.
• the coated polyester according to the invention preferably comprises 3 layers, namely a polyester, on which a layer of a crosslinking product of a compound having at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of a primary amine, a secondary amine, a thiol, a sulfide and an olefin on which is disposed a layer of a metal selected from the group consisting of silver, copper and nickel.
• the crosslinking product comprises a polysilicic acid having at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of a primary amine, a secondary amine, a thiol, a sulfide and an olefin.
• the coated polyester comprises a polyester comprising a layer of a condensation product of at least one compound of the formula (I)
• the crosslinking product comprises a urea.
• the urea is an addition product of at least one compound of the formula
• R 2 is selected from the group consisting of H 2 N (CH 2 ) W , R 4 3 Si (CH 2 ) w and H 2 NC 6 H 4 ,
• R 3 is selected from the group consisting of [(CH 2 ) x NH] y (CH 2 ) z NH 2 , R 4 3 Si (CH 2 ) y and H 2 NC 6 H 4 NH (CH 2 ) y , w is an integer from 1 to 7, preferably 2 or 3, x is an integer from 1 to 7, preferably 2 or 3, y is zero or an integer from 1 to 7, preferably zero, 1 or 2 Z is an integer from 1 to 7, preferably 2 or 3, and R 4 is a branched or straight-chain alkyl or -O-alkyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 8 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 or 2 carbon atoms , and a compound selected from the group consisting of hexamethylene diisocyanate, tolylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate and 4,4'-methylenebis (cyclohexyl isocyanate).
• a polyester obtained using the process of the invention is useful for the antimicrobial treatment of liquids in a liquid-conducting system.
• a silvered polyester is suitable for this purpose, since silver, due to its outstanding antimicrobial activity, is able to effectively inhibit, in particular, bacteria, fungi and microalgae.
• the polyester obtained by the process according to the invention is used for the production of stockings, insoles, clothing, upholstery for seating or mattresses.
• a silvered polyester is suitable because of the particularly strong oligodynamic properties.
• the polyester obtained using the process according to the invention is used in particular in the treatment of a liquid in the form of a useful liquid or in the form of drinking water.
• These fluids may be present in closed or open, stagnant, or recirculating systems in power plants, industrial, commercial, or air conditioning systems.
• the metal elution of the textile according to the invention can be adjusted individually such that, for example, when used for the treatment of liquid in the form of drinking water, different national regulations regarding the maximum permissible metal concentration in drinking water are adhered to.
• useful liquid serves as a generic term for a liquid which fulfills one or more functionalities such as, for example, cooling, lubricating, hydraulically switching and controlling, or which is consumed as a process or process fluid.
• the antimicrobial treatment of a liquid in a liquid-conducting system comprises the treatment of a liquid cooling lubricant in the cooling lubricant circuit of a metal-working plant.
• a liquid cooling lubricant is commonly used in industrial and commercial equipment, the
• Treat metals by a Substanzeeingriff for example by turning, milling or drilling.
• Particularly advantageous is the use when the cooling lubricant liquid is used as a water-oil emulsion in a cooling lubricant system.
• the cooling lubricant remains characterized, without the usual biocides, especially on formaldehyde-based, are necessary microbiologically stable. This results in lower health burdens on operating personnel and lower costs due to longer service life.
• the release of anti-microbial metal components can be optimally adjusted according to the requirements.
• a further preferred use is that the antimicrobial treatment of a liquid in a liquid-conducting system comprises the treatment of a liquid switching medium in the hydraulic circuit of an industrial plant.
• biomass growth is a problem. This applies in particular to circuits with areas through which material is routinely introduced into the hydraulic medium which is suitable for feeding large quantities of microorganisms. This applies, for example, to systems that are in contact with cellulosic materials. The same applies to materials with natural fibers such as cotton, linen, wool, etc.
• the method is therefore particularly advantageously used where the industrial or commercial plant as a paper production and / or processing plant or as an installation for production and / or processing training of textiles is formed.
• the need-based adjustment of the elution of oligodynamically active metal ions is also given here.
• a further preferred use provides that the antimicrobial treatment of a liquid in a liquid-conducting system in a laundry washing plant comprises the treatment of retained wash rinse water.
• This makes it possible to store the retained Waschgut- rinse water in a reservoir, without running the risk that this water due to microbial activity in the long term unusable. This is especially true when, for example, when rinsing the laundry substances are washed out, which represent a good food base for microorganisms. This is the case in particular when washing natural fiber textiles.
• the treated wash rinse water will be used as wash water for a new beginning wash cycle of the car wash.
• the rinse water of the last rinse cycle for use as the first wash water is stored in a new wash, a further reduction of water consumption of washing machines can be realized in a simple manner. This effect can be transferred to other washing systems and washing processes for different laundry items.
• a further preferred use provides that the antimicrobial treatment of a liquid in a fluid-carrying system in a medical device comprises the treatment of germ-free working water. It is regularly necessary to ensure high requirements with regard to a permanent sterility of the water and a thus coming in contact with the pipeline system. This can be ensured in a simple and reliable manner by the use of a three-dimensional thread system with oligodynamic activity.
• the coated polyester on polyethylene terephthalate, on which a layer of a condensation product is arranged on wherein a layer of silver is arranged wherein the condensation product by condensation of tetralkoxysilane, wherein alkyl is methyl or ethyl, and subsequent condensation of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane or triethoxyvinylsilane is obtained.
• a polyester fabric was treated at 100 ° C. with aqueous sodium hydroxide (2N) for 20 minutes. The weight loss was about 8%.
• the polyester thus treated was treated with a liquor of ethanol, conc. Hydrochloric acid and tetra methoxysilane in a ratio of 10/1/2 (v / v / v) padded. The liquor pickup was 100%.
• the so-treated polyester was exposed to silane for 60 seconds at a temperature of 170 0 C for the condensation of tetramethoxysilane.
• the thus treated polyester with a liquor of ethanol, water, conc.
• a polyester fabric was 30 minutes at 100 0 C with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution having a concentration of 60g / l using Invadin LUN (manufactured by Ciba) treated as a wetting agent.
• the liquor ratio (m (kg) of product: V (I) solution) was 1:50.
• the thus-treated polyester was immersed in N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane for 2 hours at 3 bar at a rate of 3 m / min. padded. Subsequently, the treated polyester was allowed to dry for 3 days.
• the thus-treated polyester was immersed in an aqueous silver nitrate solution (10%) and ammonia solution (25%) under stirring for one day.
• the liquor ratio was 1: 4.
• a polyester spacer fabric was immersed in hexamethylene diisocyanate (20% in water) for 1 minute and then in bis (3-amino-propyl) amine for 3 hours.
• the thus-treated polyester was allowed to dry at 20 ° C. for 1 day.
• the thus treated polyester was heated in a mixture of aqueous silver nitrate solution (5%) and ammonia solution (25%) at a liquor ratio of 1: 1 for 3 hours at 50 ° C with stirring.

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