EP2107585A2 - Commutateur électrique - Google Patents
Commutateur électrique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2107585A2 EP2107585A2 EP09000638A EP09000638A EP2107585A2 EP 2107585 A2 EP2107585 A2 EP 2107585A2 EP 09000638 A EP09000638 A EP 09000638A EP 09000638 A EP09000638 A EP 09000638A EP 2107585 A2 EP2107585 A2 EP 2107585A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- terminal
- switching device
- switching
- zero crossing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
- H01H47/22—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil
- H01H47/24—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil having light-sensitive input
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
- H01H9/56—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the AC cycle
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electrical switching device with an actuatable with a control signal control electronics, which is connected to a switching relay whose switching contacts between at least one AC voltage terminal to which a live conductor of an AC system is connectable, and at least one load terminal to which an electrical load can be connected , are switched.
- Such switching devices are used in particular in building installations and are used for example for switching on and off of electrical lights but also for controlling a contactor, which in turn switches a high-performance electrical loads.
- the solenoid of the switching relay can be acted upon by a current, so that the switching contacts are opened or closed by the magnetic coil.
- the current for the solenoid is provided by the control electronics, which can be acted upon by the user with a control signal, for example with a voltage pulse, which can trigger the user by means of a probe element.
- a control signal for example with a voltage pulse
- An advantage of using a switching relay is that by means of the switching relay, the spreader electronics can be separated in a structurally simple manner from the potential of the AC voltage applied to the AC voltage terminal, because by means of the magnetic coil of the switching relay can Switching contacts are actuated inductively, so that the switching contacts are not electrically connected to the control electronics.
- the actual switching process of the switching device takes a few milliseconds.
- the transition of the switching state can be connected to a considerable load of the switching device, since the application of a large voltage amplitude, the switch contacts can weld together.
- a semiconductor for example, a MOS-FET
- the switching operation is operated in the region of the zero crossing of the applied alternating voltage, this has, however, when switching a contactor by means of the switching device due to switching delays result in that the switching operation of the switching device takes place at a time, at least in the vicinity of the zero crossing of the applied AC voltage However, the switching operation of the downstream contactor is then often at a time at which the amplitude of the AC voltage already passes through a maximum again.
- Object of the present invention is to develop an electrical switching device of the generic type such that while maintaining a potential separation between the voltage applied during operation of the switching device at the AC voltage connection AC and the control electronics, the switching operation can be done depending on or independent of the zero crossing of the AC voltage connection subsequent AC voltage.
- an electrical switching device of the aforementioned type according to the invention that the switching device has a connectable to the neutral of the AC system neutral terminal and that the control electronics controls the switching relay in response to the zero crossing of a current flowing from the AC terminal to the neutral terminal measuring current, if the neutral terminal with connected to the neutral conductor.
- a neutral conductor connection is also used, to which the installer can connect the neutral conductor of the AC voltage system as required. If the neutral conductor is connected to the neutral terminal, a measuring current can flow from the AC terminal to the neutral terminal. Due to the measurement current, the control electronics can then determine the zero crossing of the AC voltage applied to the AC voltage connection and control the switching relay as a function of the zero crossing.
- the life of the electrical switching device can be considerably extended, since the risk is greatly reduced that the switching contacts of the switching relay welded together or impaired in any other way.
- the switching device is thus designed such that only when flowing a measuring current from the AC voltage terminal to the neutral terminal, the control of the switching relay in response to the zero crossing of the AC voltage applied to the AC voltage connection, whereas in the absence of a measurement current, the control of the switching relay is performed independently of the zero crossing of the AC voltage.
- the switching device comprises a zero crossing detection element and a measuring line which connects the AC voltage terminal to the neutral terminal, wherein the measuring line is optically, inductively or capacitively coupled to the zero crossing detection element. Due to the optical, inductive or capacitive coupling, the zero crossing detection element can detect the zero crossing of the alternating voltage applied to the AC voltage connection.
- the zero crossing detection element thus allows the control electronics in a simple manner to control the switching relay as a function of the zero crossing of the AC voltage, if a measuring current flows through the measuring line. If such a measuring current is missing because the neutral conductor connection is not connected to the neutral conductor of the AC voltage system, then the zero crossing detection element receives no input signal and the control electronics controls the switching relay without consideration of the zero crossing of the AC voltage.
- control electronics comprises a microcontroller with integrated zero crossing detection element.
- This has the advantage that the circuit complexity of the electrical switching device can be reduced and thus its production costs.
- the zero crossing detection element is integrated in such an embodiment in the control electronics.
- the coupling of the measuring line with the zero crossing detection element takes place in an advantageous embodiment via an optocoupler.
- optocouplers are known per se to those skilled in the art. They make it possible to maintain a potential separation between the measuring line and the zero crossing detection element and nevertheless to transmit a signal from the measuring line to the input of the zero crossing detection element.
- the switching relay and the optocoupler have an insulation voltage of at least 3500 V, preferably an insulation voltage of at least 4 kV. This allows a potential-free switching operation, which can be carried out as needed in dependence on the zero crossing of the AC voltage applied to the AC voltage connection.
- the switching relay and the optocoupler have a creepage distance of at least 5 mm, in particular a creepage distance of 6 mm.
- the insulation resistance of the electrical switching device required for potential-free switching is reliably ensured.
- a current limiting element for example, an ohmic resistance is preferably connected.
- the electrical switching device has a housing which can be latched onto retaining rails.
- FIGURE of the drawing shows schematically a block diagram of an electrical switching device in the form of a surge switch 10.
- This has a housing 12 which can be latched onto retaining rails in the usual way in the form of a DIN rail mounted device.
- the corresponding locking elements are known in the art and therefore not shown in the drawing to achieve a better overview.
- the impulse switch 12 has two control terminals 14, 15, which are connected to control electronics in the form of a microcontroller 16. To the control terminal 14, a control line 18 is connected, in which a user-operable electromechanical switch 20 is connected. About the control line 18 of the surge switch 10 is connected to a not shown in the drawing, known control voltage source connected. The control terminal 15 is connected to ground potential.
- the microcontroller 16 controls the magnetic coil 22 of a switching relay 24, whose switching contacts 26, 27 are connected in a supply line 29, via which an AC voltage terminal 30 of the surge switch 10 is connected to a load terminal 32.
- a live conductor of an AC system can be connected to the AC terminal 30, and to the load terminal 32, an electrical load, For example, an electric light or a contactor to be connected.
- the impulse switch 10 has a neutral connection 34, which is connected to the AC connection 30 via a measuring line 36.
- a protective diode 38 and a current limiting element in the form of an ohmic resistor 39 are connected in series with one another.
- An optocoupler 40 is connected on the input side to the measuring line 36. On the output side, the optocoupler 40 is in electrical connection with a zero-crossing detection element 42, which is integrated in the microcontroller 16.
- the electrical connection between the AC voltage terminal 30 and the load terminal 32 can be selectively made and interrupted.
- the magnetic coil 32 and the microcontroller 16 are disconnected from the electrical potential applied to the AC voltage terminal 30.
- the potential separation is ensured by the use of the switching relay 24 and by the optical coupling between the measuring line 36 and the zero crossing detection member 22 by means of the optocoupler 40.
- the switching relay 24 has as well as the optocoupler 40 an insulation voltage of about 4 kV and a creepage distance of about 6 mm on.
- the control terminal 14 is acted upon by a control voltage pulse.
- the microcontroller 16 of the solenoid coil 22 provides a control current, so that then the switch contacts 26, 27 are opened or closed can be.
- the switching operation can be carried out selectively or independently of the zero crossing of the alternating voltage applied to the AC voltage terminal 30. If the switching operation of the switching relay 24 takes place as a function of the zero crossing, it is necessary for this that the neutral conductor terminal 34 is connected to the neutral conductor of the AC voltage system.
- the switching operation is to be carried out independently of the zero crossing of the AC voltage, then it is only necessary for this that the neutral conductor of the AC voltage system is disconnected from the neutral terminal 34.
- the neutral terminal 34 thus remains open, and for lack of measurement current is detected by the zero crossing detector 42, no zero crossing and after an actuation of the probe 20, the solenoid 22 is acted upon by the microcontroller 16, regardless of the zero crossing of the AC voltage with a control voltage.
- the circuit breaker 10 according to the invention is thus characterized by a structurally simple circuit arrangement and consequently by relatively low production costs, the installer can choose whether Switching operations are dependent or independent of the zero crossing of the voltage applied to the AC voltage terminal 30 AC voltage to take place. If a zero crossing dependent switching operation is desired, the installer connects to the neutral terminal the neutral of the AC system. If such a dependence of the switching process is undesirable, the neutral conductor connection remains open.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Relay Circuits (AREA)
- Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
- Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL09000638T PL2107585T3 (pl) | 2008-04-01 | 2009-01-17 | Przełącznik elektryczny |
| CY20151100078T CY1116003T1 (el) | 2008-04-01 | 2015-01-23 | Ηλεκτρικη διακοπτικη συσκευη |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102008018174A DE102008018174B4 (de) | 2008-04-01 | 2008-04-01 | Elektrisches Schaltgerät |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2107585A2 true EP2107585A2 (fr) | 2009-10-07 |
| EP2107585A3 EP2107585A3 (fr) | 2011-09-14 |
| EP2107585B1 EP2107585B1 (fr) | 2014-12-31 |
Family
ID=40872930
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP09000638.8A Active EP2107585B1 (fr) | 2008-04-01 | 2009-01-17 | Commutateur électrique |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2107585B1 (fr) |
| CY (1) | CY1116003T1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE102008018174B4 (fr) |
| DK (1) | DK2107585T3 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2533361T3 (fr) |
| PL (1) | PL2107585T3 (fr) |
| PT (1) | PT2107585E (fr) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3605579A1 (fr) * | 2018-07-30 | 2020-02-05 | Insta GmbH | Procédé de commutation à point zéro d'un relais |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE29720980U1 (de) * | 1997-11-27 | 1998-01-22 | Patzig, Jürgen, Dipl.-Ing., 01259 Dresden | Elektronischer Installationsfernschalter |
| DE19849684A1 (de) * | 1998-10-28 | 2000-05-04 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Steuerung eines elektromechanischen Relais |
-
2008
- 2008-04-01 DE DE102008018174A patent/DE102008018174B4/de active Active
-
2009
- 2009-01-17 EP EP09000638.8A patent/EP2107585B1/fr active Active
- 2009-01-17 ES ES09000638.8T patent/ES2533361T3/es active Active
- 2009-01-17 DK DK09000638.8T patent/DK2107585T3/en active
- 2009-01-17 PT PT90006388T patent/PT2107585E/pt unknown
- 2009-01-17 PL PL09000638T patent/PL2107585T3/pl unknown
-
2015
- 2015-01-23 CY CY20151100078T patent/CY1116003T1/el unknown
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3605579A1 (fr) * | 2018-07-30 | 2020-02-05 | Insta GmbH | Procédé de commutation à point zéro d'un relais |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102008018174B4 (de) | 2010-02-18 |
| EP2107585B1 (fr) | 2014-12-31 |
| ES2533361T3 (es) | 2015-04-09 |
| PT2107585E (pt) | 2015-01-14 |
| DE102008018174A1 (de) | 2009-10-15 |
| EP2107585A3 (fr) | 2011-09-14 |
| DK2107585T3 (en) | 2015-03-23 |
| CY1116003T1 (el) | 2017-01-25 |
| PL2107585T3 (pl) | 2015-05-29 |
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