EP2208551A2 - Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce de tôle préformée complexe - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce de tôle préformée complexe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2208551A2
EP2208551A2 EP09015648A EP09015648A EP2208551A2 EP 2208551 A2 EP2208551 A2 EP 2208551A2 EP 09015648 A EP09015648 A EP 09015648A EP 09015648 A EP09015648 A EP 09015648A EP 2208551 A2 EP2208551 A2 EP 2208551A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sheet metal
tool
forming
metal part
contour line
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09015648A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2208551B1 (fr
EP2208551A3 (fr
Inventor
Maik Hammer
Stefan Bartscher
Gero Dr. Kempf
Johann Van Niekerk
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke AG filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Publication of EP2208551A2 publication Critical patent/EP2208551A2/fr
Publication of EP2208551A3 publication Critical patent/EP2208551A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2208551B1 publication Critical patent/EP2208551B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/88—Making other particular articles other parts for vehicles, e.g. cowlings, mudguards
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D19/00—Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes
    • B21D19/08—Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes by single or successive action of pressing tools, e.g. vice jaws

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a complex sheet metal part, as well as a complex sheet metal part produced by this method.
  • a complex sheet metal part is understood in the context of this invention, due to its spatial shape or shape only consuming writable sheet metal part.
  • a complex sheet-metal shaped part can be composed or formed from many individual, even curved, surface sections. Due to its complex shape, such a complex sheet metal part according to the current state of the art can only be produced in a complex manner.
  • the complex sheet metal parts are simply shaped sheet metal parts opposite, which can be easily described and produced in a simple manner, for example. By simple bending operations or the like.
  • Body parts for motor vehicles in particular body panels and structural parts, are often complex sheet metal parts.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a comparatively favorable possibility to be able to provide complex sheet-metal shaped parts with a high quality level.
  • ruled surfaces and / or free-form surfaces and a plurality of contour lines are formed.
  • a plurality of free-form surfaces is formed.
  • at least one free-form surface is formed, which is delimited at least in sections by at least one contour line.
  • control surface can be understood to mean a surface or a surface section which can be described mathematically simply. Ruled surfaces can in particular be planes, one-dimensionally curved surfaces with constant radii of curvature, lateral surfaces of cylinders, cones and the like.
  • free-form surface can be understood to mean a complex, preferably multi-curved surface which, in particular, can not be mathematically described by simple geometric basic forms such as straight line, circle and conic section.
  • a free-form surface can, for example, have complex concave and / or convex sections.
  • a ruled surface and a free-form surface are characterized in particular by the fact that they have only a slight change in shape (comparative shape change). In the case of work hardening sheet metal materials, this change in shape is particularly so small that no appreciable cold work hardening occurs during forming.
  • a "contour line” is understood to mean a bending line or a bending edge.
  • Such a contour line is defined essentially by its spatial course, its bending angle and / or its bending radius.
  • a contour line preferably has a curved and in particular a spatially multiply curved course.
  • the bend radius and / or the bend angle may vary along the course.
  • the bending contour can deviate from a circle segment.
  • the bending angle is chosen so that a crack-free forming is guaranteed.
  • the bending radius is at least partially selected so that when forming a cold work hardening sheet material, a work hardening occurs.
  • the output board essentially corresponds to a precise development of the ready-to-install sheet metal part. This implies that during the forming no stretching or compression of the sheet material takes place, so that the starting sheet thickness is maintained in an advantageous manner over the entire sheet metal part. An exception is formed by the regions of the contour lines in which, in particular, bending shortening can occur, which can certainly be taken into account in the development of the sheet metal part, which is indicated by the wording "substantially.”
  • the cutting determination preferably takes place by means of CAD systems.
  • the invention is based on the idea of designing a complex shaped sheet metal part such that it comprises rule surfaces and / or free-form surfaces which are separated from one another by means of at least one contour line or subdivided by means of this contour line.
  • the ruled surfaces and / or free-form surfaces are defined here by the spatial progression of an adjacent contour line or of all adjacent contour lines. That The spatial shape or the shape of the adjacent surfaces or surface sections is predetermined or determined by the spatial progression of a contour line.
  • the sheet metal part In the previous design process and in particular in the 3D geometry determination for the sheet metal part is about to divide the overall geometry in individual rule surfaces and / or free-form surfaces and starting from the spatial shape of these individual areas or surface sections suitable gradients for the contour lines, and suitable bending angle and / or bending radii to define, with the reverse sequence is possible.
  • the shape of the sheet metal part must also be developable in the plane, as explained above.
  • the invention has many advantages.
  • the forming takes place essentially in only one main forming stage, for which only one forming tool and only one forming press are required. Due to the resulting low investment costs, the invention is therefore particularly suitable for small quantities and small batches. However, this does not preclude the fact that the Hauptumformwork follow other Umformworkn or may be upstream.
  • the sheet metal parts produced by the process according to the invention to a high level of quality, which is quite close to the quality of deep-drawn metal parts, although in the production of sheet metal parts according to the invention explicitly no deep-drawing process is performed. But that does not contradict that the method according to the invention can be combined with a deep drawing process. Furthermore arise for the design process of the sheet metal part new degrees of freedom.
  • a front flap with integrated side walls or a complete floor assembly for a motor vehicle which is usually realized in the art by a plurality of sheet metal parts joined together and thus is correspondingly complex and costly.
  • the forming takes place between a substantially rigid lower and a substantially rigid upper tool part, which are arranged in a forming press, wherein at least one of these tool parts has at least one closed shaping tool contour.
  • all tool parts that are directly involved in forming have a closed shaping tool contour.
  • the tool parts can also be referred to as upper tool and lower tool. These can each be constructed in several parts. By using rigid tool parts, the quality of the produced sheet metal parts can be improved.
  • a bend (of the sheet metal material) takes place with a small bending radius.
  • the term "small” here refers in particular to the relationship between the bending radius and the starting sheet thickness. Preferably, this ratio is in the range between 5 and 10 and in particular in the range between 2 and 5.
  • the inventive method advantageously offers the possibility of defined formation of small radii and very small radii despite large depths of form, and this in particular even at high forming speeds.
  • the application can be done, for example, by means of the upper tool to a shaping tool contour in the lower tool, or vice versa.
  • the use of lubricant can thus largely be dispensed with; in addition, sheet metal materials with coated, pretreated and / or ready-to-install surfaces, in particular painted surfaces, can be used. Also, a hold-down is not required, so that a Ziehflansch deleted and sheet material is saved.
  • a pressing operation is carried out, in which at least one contour line (of the sheet metal part) is finally formed or pronounced.
  • This pressing operation is preferably carried out in the same forming tool and with high pressing forces, which are a multiple of the previous forming forces.
  • At least one control surface and / or free-form surface of the sheet metal part is at least partially provided with a structuring of increasing stiffness during a pressing operation.
  • Such structuring may be, for example, an embossed honeycomb structure or the like.
  • the positioning of the output board in the forming tool takes place by means of at least one locking device.
  • a locking device may, for example, be a simple locking pin or locking bolt.
  • a suction device may be included in the forming tool.
  • openings in the sheet metal part are formed by pre-apertures in the output board.
  • Such openings may be bores, contoured recesses and the like. Starting from their position in the sheet metal part takes place through the plane Processing their positioning on the output board. This makes it possible to dispense with subsequent expensive cutting tools.
  • the final forming of at least one contour line (of the sheet-metal shaped part) or a folding or edge-edge takes place by means of a separately movable tool part of the same forming tool.
  • a separately movable tool part of the same forming tool can be produced.
  • the separate tool part can be actuated, for example, by means of an auxiliary ram or a die cushion of the forming press.
  • a complex shaped sheet metal part according to the invention is produced by the process according to the invention.
  • This comprises at least two ruled surfaces and / or free-form surfaces which are delimited from one another by at least one contour line, wherein the ruled surfaces and / or free-form surfaces have a relatively small change in shape over their entire extent and a stiffness of the sheet metal part to a substantial proportion of the at least one Contour line results.
  • the rigidity can be, for example, the overall stiffness (for example, relevant to the crash case), the torsional stiffness or the average buckling stiffness.
  • the rigidity of the sheet metal part results in particular from the prevailing stresses in the control surfaces and / or the free-form surfaces, from a possible structuring of these surfaces, from the bending resistance of all contour lines, from the stress distribution of sheet metal top to sheet metal bottom especially in the region of these contour lines and from a work hardening along of these contour lines.
  • the stiffness of the sheet metal part is to result in a substantial proportion of at least one contour lines and preferably from the totality of all contour lines insofar as the control surfaces and / or free-form surfaces are stabilized by the adjacent contour lines.
  • a contour line in particular also prevents an elastic return of an adjacent free-form surface.
  • the complex sheet-metal shaped part according to the invention has, in the region of at least one contour line, at least in sections, a locally high change in shape (comparative shape change).
  • the change in shape is preferably so great that a clear work hardening occurs in the sheet material, as already explained above in connection with the term "contour line”.
  • Fig. 1 shows the inventive method for producing a complex sheet metal part in a schematic overview. The sequence of the process takes place according to the illustration from bottom left to top right, which is symbolized by the arrows.
  • the method comprises first providing a finished trimmed output board 10 made of a sheet metal material.
  • the contour of the output board 10 essentially corresponds to a precise development of the product to be produced Sheet metal part.
  • the output board 10 comprises pre-punched openings in the form of contoured recesses 12 and holes 14.
  • the output board 10 is positioned in a forming tool 20 with an upper tool 22 and a lower tool 25.
  • the forming tool 20 is installed in a forming press, not shown.
  • a forming of the output board 10 to a sheet metal part 30 such that here ruled surfaces and / or free-form surfaces 32 are formed, which delimited by at least one contour line 34 from each other at least in sections , limited or limited.
  • a contour line 34 is a spatially extending bending line or bending edge.
  • the illustrated sheet metal part 30 is an example of a front flap of a motor vehicle. The transformation from the output board 10 to the sheet metal part 30 takes place in only one forming stage (Hauptumformcut). After this transformation, no trimming of the sheet metal part 30 is required.
  • the sheet metal part 30 is as it were ready to install, subject to any cleaning and / or painting or the like.
  • the forming of the output board 10 to the sheet metal part 30 by the forming tool 20 is shown schematically in the Fig. 2a and 2b shown.
  • Fig. 2a shows the inserted between upper tool 22 and lower tool 25 output board 10. This is smaller in size than the shaping tool contours 23 and 26 of the upper tool 22 and the lower tool 25.
  • the output board 10 is formed.
  • the reshaping takes place in such a way that the sheet material of the output board 10 successively and / or in sections starting from at least one eg. Highest contact point to the closed forming tool contours 23 and / or 26, wherein in the following a relative movement between the adjacent sheet material and the forming tool 20 is largely avoided.
  • the output sheet thickness of the output board 10 is maintained over the entire sheet metal molding 30. Consequently also have the introduced into the output board 10 openings 12 and 14 in the finished molded sheet metal part 30 their exact position and geometry, as in Fig. 1 indicated.
  • Fig. 2b shows the closed forming tool 20.
  • the output board 10 has been here converted in the manner described above to the sheet metal molding 30.
  • a pressing operation can be carried out with high pressing forces in order to finally form at least one contour line 34 and / or to provide at least one control surface and / or free-form surface 32 with a stabilizing and stiffness-increasing structuring.
  • This structuring is introduced by the shaping tool contours 23 and / or 26 in the sheet metal molding 30.
  • Fig. 3a shows the output board 10 in a plan view, which when forming after the Fig. 2 is used. Shown here are the forming during forming contour lines 34th Fig. 3b shows the produced sheet metal part 30 in a perspective view with the ruled surfaces and / or free-form surfaces 32, which are delimited by the contour lines 34 to each other.
  • Fig. 4a shows the lower tool 25 of the forming tool 20 in a perspective view. This includes a closed shaping tool contour 26 and three tool guides 27 for the upper tool 22. Also shown is a resting on the tool contour 26 finished molded sheet metal part 30, which in the manner described above from the output board 10 by successive and / or sectional application of the sheet material was made to the shaping tool contour 26 and can be removed from the forming tool 20 in the state shown.
  • Fig. 4b shows that to Fig. 4a corresponding, turned upper tool 22 in a perspective view.
  • This comprises a shaping tool contour 23, which is formed as a negative contour to the shaping tool contour 26 of the lower tool 25 with an offset.
  • the application of the sheet material to the tool contour 26 of the lower tool 25 by means of the shaping tool contour 23 in the upper tool 22 (or vice versa), without a Relative movement between the sheet material and the shaping tool contours 23 and 26 is given.
  • the shaping tool contours 23 and 26 comprise corresponding shaping sections, which are shown schematically in the illustrated upper tool 22 and designated by the reference numeral 24 and which the sheet material during closing and in particular compression of the forming tool 20 against corresponding shaping sections of the shaping tool contour 26 in Press lower tool 25 (or vice versa) to thereby form a contour line 34 exactly.
  • Fig. 5 shows an alternative or supplementary possibility for forming at least one contour line.
  • the same components are designated by the same reference numerals but with the addition "a”.
  • the forming tool 20a comprises, in addition to the upper tool 22a and the lower tool 25a, a tool part 29a which is movable separately and parallel to the upper tool 22a.
  • a formation of ruled surfaces and / or free-form surfaces 32a takes place between the shaping tool contours of the upper tool 22a and the lower tool 25a.
  • a formation of contour lines 34a, by the tool part 29a is moved downward as shown, wherein initially a folding or stopping the sheet material down.
  • the separate tool part 29a can be moved by the auxiliary ram of a forming press. Alternatively and / or additionally, a separate tool part can also be moved from below, for example by means of the drawing cushion of the forming press. In the same way, undercut can also be produced on the sheet-metal shaped part 30a, for example by means of a laterally displaceable separate tool part.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
EP09015648.0A 2009-01-20 2009-12-17 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce de tôle préformée complexe Active EP2208551B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009005261A DE102009005261A1 (de) 2009-01-20 2009-01-20 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines komplexen Blechformteils

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2208551A2 true EP2208551A2 (fr) 2010-07-21
EP2208551A3 EP2208551A3 (fr) 2013-07-31
EP2208551B1 EP2208551B1 (fr) 2016-04-06

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EP (1) EP2208551B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102009005261A1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102343405A (zh) * 2011-06-28 2012-02-08 天津汽车模具股份有限公司 一种用于汽车外板覆盖件冲压的定位方法
WO2014049070A1 (fr) * 2012-09-26 2014-04-03 Jaguar Land Rover Limited Procédé et appareil de mise en forme de panneau
FR3035805A1 (fr) * 2015-05-05 2016-11-11 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Procede de realisation d’une piece comportant une etape de formage et piece de structure de vehicule formee par un tel procede
WO2016185105A1 (fr) * 2015-05-18 2016-11-24 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Mise a forme d'embouti semi-ouvert
WO2016177962A3 (fr) * 2015-05-05 2017-04-13 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Procédé de réalisation simplifié d'une pièce, pièce obtenue par un tel procédé de realisation et procédé de sélection entre un procédé de réalisation simplifié ou non simplifié
FR3050666A1 (fr) * 2016-05-02 2017-11-03 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Procede de realisation simplifie d’une piece, piece obtenue par un tel procede de realisation et procede de selection entre un procede de realisation simplifie ou non simplifie
CN114603060A (zh) * 2022-02-17 2022-06-10 四川国腾设备制造有限公司 一种飞机发动机机罩的生产方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013011951A1 (de) * 2013-07-18 2015-01-22 GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Ges. d. Staates Delaware) Verfahren zum Fertigen von Kraftfahrzeug-Karosserieteilen

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4212188A (en) 1979-01-18 1980-07-15 The Boeing Company Apparatus for forming sheet metal
DE10065142A1 (de) 2000-12-23 2002-07-04 Simone Rubbert Verfahren zur Verformung von flachen Körpern in unregelmäßig, mehrdimensional gekrümmte Gegenstände
GB2444574A (en) 2007-06-13 2008-06-11 Gregory Epps Sheet Metal Bending

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JP3398240B2 (ja) * 1994-12-21 2003-04-21 ダイハツ工業株式会社 板金のプレス方法
DE19524235A1 (de) * 1995-07-04 1997-01-16 Volkswagen Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Formteils
JP2002102947A (ja) * 2000-09-28 2002-04-09 Honda Motor Co Ltd 車体パネルの成形方法
JP4550249B2 (ja) * 2000-09-28 2010-09-22 本田技研工業株式会社 車体パネルの製造方法
SE530228C2 (sv) * 2006-08-25 2008-04-01 Gestamp Hardtech Ab Sätt att varmforma och härda en plåtdetalj, samt en B-stolpe till ett fordon

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4212188A (en) 1979-01-18 1980-07-15 The Boeing Company Apparatus for forming sheet metal
DE10065142A1 (de) 2000-12-23 2002-07-04 Simone Rubbert Verfahren zur Verformung von flachen Körpern in unregelmäßig, mehrdimensional gekrümmte Gegenstände
GB2444574A (en) 2007-06-13 2008-06-11 Gregory Epps Sheet Metal Bending

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102343405A (zh) * 2011-06-28 2012-02-08 天津汽车模具股份有限公司 一种用于汽车外板覆盖件冲压的定位方法
WO2014049070A1 (fr) * 2012-09-26 2014-04-03 Jaguar Land Rover Limited Procédé et appareil de mise en forme de panneau
US10022776B2 (en) 2012-09-26 2018-07-17 Jaguar Land Rover Limited Panel forming method and apparatus
FR3035805A1 (fr) * 2015-05-05 2016-11-11 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Procede de realisation d’une piece comportant une etape de formage et piece de structure de vehicule formee par un tel procede
WO2016177962A3 (fr) * 2015-05-05 2017-04-13 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Procédé de réalisation simplifié d'une pièce, pièce obtenue par un tel procédé de realisation et procédé de sélection entre un procédé de réalisation simplifié ou non simplifié
WO2016185105A1 (fr) * 2015-05-18 2016-11-24 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Mise a forme d'embouti semi-ouvert
FR3036299A1 (fr) * 2015-05-18 2016-11-25 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Mise a forme d’embouti semi-ouvert
CN107666974A (zh) * 2015-05-18 2018-02-06 标致雪铁龙汽车股份有限公司 半开口式冲压件的成型
CN107666974B (zh) * 2015-05-18 2020-04-14 标致雪铁龙汽车股份有限公司 半开口式冲压件的成型
FR3050666A1 (fr) * 2016-05-02 2017-11-03 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Procede de realisation simplifie d’une piece, piece obtenue par un tel procede de realisation et procede de selection entre un procede de realisation simplifie ou non simplifie
CN114603060A (zh) * 2022-02-17 2022-06-10 四川国腾设备制造有限公司 一种飞机发动机机罩的生产方法

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Publication number Publication date
DE102009005261A1 (de) 2010-07-22
EP2208551B1 (fr) 2016-04-06
EP2208551A3 (fr) 2013-07-31

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