EP2516246A2 - Véhicule marin - Google Patents

Véhicule marin

Info

Publication number
EP2516246A2
EP2516246A2 EP10803449A EP10803449A EP2516246A2 EP 2516246 A2 EP2516246 A2 EP 2516246A2 EP 10803449 A EP10803449 A EP 10803449A EP 10803449 A EP10803449 A EP 10803449A EP 2516246 A2 EP2516246 A2 EP 2516246A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
angle
distance
water surface
watercraft
attack
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10803449A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2516246B1 (fr
Inventor
Klaus Enzmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2516246A2 publication Critical patent/EP2516246A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2516246B1 publication Critical patent/EP2516246B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/16—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces
    • B63B1/24—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydrofoil type
    • B63B1/28—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydrofoil type with movable hydrofoils
    • B63B1/285—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydrofoil type with movable hydrofoils changing the angle of attack or the lift of the foil
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
    • B63B1/12—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly
    • B63B1/125—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising more than two hulls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B2035/009—Wind propelled vessels comprising arrangements, installations or devices specially adapted therefor, other than wind propulsion arrangements, installations, or devices, such as sails, running rigging, or the like, and other than sailboards or the like or related equipment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a watercraft according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a hydrofoil which has a central body and three attached to this, extending down below the waterline legs. At the rear side centrally arranged rear leg a transverse to the longitudinal axis of the boat extending rear wing is fixed. On the bow side on both sides of the fuselage each other
  • opposite front legs are under the water front, substantially horizontally across the longitudinal axis of the boat
  • the invention has for its object to provide a watercraft of the type mentioned with improved properties.
  • the invention is characterized in that the support surface is arranged on a side sword arranged laterally of the fuselage, which is movable relative to the fuselage.
  • the side swords with the T-wings are moved into their operating position below the waterline, where they provide buoyancy forces at a slightly higher travel speed and a corresponding angle of attack of the T-wings, through which the fuselage or the hulls upwards over the waterline are lifted out. Due to the greatly reduced flow resistance can be very high with the vessel
  • a respective side body to be arranged on both sides of a centrally arranged fuselage is.
  • the centrally arranged main hull and the side fuselages arranged laterally are connected by planks running transversely to the longitudinal axis of the watercraft, so that a watercraft similar to a catamaran or trimaran is created.
  • the side swords are arranged in this case respectively on the outside of the side bodies or on the front side of the planks.
  • the side bars are pivotally mounted on the hull.
  • the pivoting movement is preferably carried out with respect to the fuselage upwards, wherein the side bars together with the T-wings in the upwardly pivoted inoperative position of components of the vessel - for example, on the shrouds or on a boom-rig - are fastened above the fuselage.
  • the side blades are arranged inclined at an angle ⁇ with respect to a vertical downwards and outwards.
  • the angle is preferably in a range of about 10 ° to 30 °, more preferably about 20 °.
  • the vessel can sail better by about 5 ° on the wind.
  • the side-sills are arranged inclined in a wedge ß with respect to a vertical forward and downwards.
  • This angle ⁇ is approximately between 5 ° and 10 °, preferably about 7 °.
  • the side bars are fastened to the planks and / or to the fuselage by means of an obliquely extending, preferably at least partially, supporting support surface.
  • the support surfaces or the support struts are preferably detachable to the
  • the support wings are firmly connected to the side sills.
  • the support struts may be formed integrally with the support wings; However, they are preferably hingedly connected to these and at or after the
  • the support wings are hinged to the
  • a measuring device for measuring the distance of the fuselage to the water surface has at least one tow bar, the upper end of which is pivotally hinged to one of the fuselages or to a component connected thereto, and the lower end thereof slides on the water surface, wherein the signals determined by the measuring device are supplied as input signals of an electronic control device by means of a
  • Calculation program calculates the necessary adjustment of the angle of attack ⁇ and transmits a corresponding output signal to the adjusting device.
  • the measuring device further comprises a preferably electronic protractor for detecting the angle of the tow bar relative to a vertical.
  • the tow bar sliding on the surface of the water scans the surface of the waves that reach the vessel.
  • This distance signal is evaluated in a control unit by means of a computer program and used for controlling the angle of attack of the T-wings.
  • Distance meter provided receiving device captures the reflected
  • Radiation and calculates the distance to the water surface Radiation and calculates the distance to the water surface.
  • a measuring radiation for example, laser, ultrasound or radar are suitable.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic side view of a watercraft with
  • FIG. 2 shows the vessel according to FIG. 1 in a view from the rear
  • Fig. 3 shows the lower part of the watercraft of FIG. 1 in a
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of a watercraft with
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of a deflection of a
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic representation of possible deflection angle areas of the tow bar.
  • a watercraft 10 has a central hull 12 and side socks 14, 16 disposed on both sides thereof.
  • the side socks 14, 16 are connected to the middle hull 12 via transverse to the longitudinal axis of the watercraft 10 extending planks 124, 126.
  • the middle hull 12 is arranged higher than the two side hulls for 14, 16. In shallow water, especially when to water or get out of the water of the
  • the watercraft 10 floats on the two side hulls 14, 16.
  • the waterline for this application area is designated 104 in FIG.
  • the vessel 10 further includes a tail rudder 22 having a transverse T-deck 220 disposed at the lower end thereof and two side swords 24, 26 respectively disposed on the outside of a transverse plow 124, 126 or a side hull 14, 16, respectively
  • Side blades 24 and 26 have at their lower end T-wings 240 and 260, which are arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the side bars.
  • the T-wings 240, 260 on the side blades 24, 26 and optionally also the T-wing 220 on the stern rudder 22 are by means of a non-illustrated
  • Adjustment device in its angle of attack ⁇ with respect to the flow adjustable. Due to the adjustable angle of attack ⁇ can depend on the
  • T-wings results from the inverted "T” visible in the front view (FIG. 2). Form that form the T-wings 220, 240, 260 with the side blades 24, 26 and with the stern rudder 22.
  • the side swords 24 and 26 are pivotally mounted with their upper ends on pivot axes 241 and 261 relative to the planks 124, 126 or against the side bodies 14, 16. As a result, in the inoperative position indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 2, they can be pivoted upwards over the side hulls 14 and 16 and preferably in positions designated above 24A or 26A, such as the shrouds 138 in FIG. 2 or the boom -Rigg 238 are fixed in Figure 4.
  • the side swords 24 and 26 are in their lowered operating position relative to the side bodies 14, 16 inclined at an inclination angle ⁇ outwardly inclined downwards.
  • the tilt angle shown in Figure 2 is about 10 ° to 20 ° relative to the vertical.
  • the T-wings 240, 260 are in turn arranged in the right Wnkel to the side sills 24 and 26 and thus have outwardly increasing the same angle of attack ⁇ relative to a horizontal.
  • the side bars 24 and 26 are supported at attachment points 2422 and 2622 approximately in the middle between the joints 241, 261 and the T-wings 240, 260 on its inside obliquely upwardly extending support bearing surfaces 242 and 262.
  • the support wings 242 and 262 are at its upper end with a hinge 2421 and 2621 releasably attached to the lower end of the insides of the side socks 14 and 16 respectively.
  • the releasable attachment to the joints 2421 and 2621, respectively, is released into the inoperative position indicated in FIG. 2 prior to the upward pivoting of the side blades 24, 26.
  • the support bearing surfaces 242 and 262, starting from the joints 2421 and 2621, may be extended further upwards by support struts 244 and 264, respectively.
  • the upper end of the support struts 244 and 264 is arranged with a fastening 2441 or 2641 on the underside of the planks 124 and 126, respectively.
  • the lower end of the support struts 244 and 264 in the region of the joint 2421 and 2621 on the respective side sword 24, 26 attached.
  • the support struts 244 and 264 are pivoted in this variant to the hinge 2421 and 2621 to the side blades 24, 26.
  • the support struts 244 and 264 may remain in position after release from the support surfaces 242 and 262 in the joints 2421 and 2621, respectively.
  • the tail rudder 22 can be pulled upwards by the guidance gear 222 serving its guide to an inoperative position and fixed in this position.
  • the side tabs 24 and 26 respectively have an angle of inclination ⁇ , which is about 5 ° to 10 ° and preferably about 7 °, downwards relative to the vertical, which improves the hydrodynamics.
  • the rig of the watercraft 10 consists of a mast 130, a
  • the mast 130 is held by a forestay 136 in the longitudinal direction and lateral shrouds 138 in the transverse direction.
  • the mast foot 131 of the mast 130 is located
  • the mainsail 134 is preferably divisible by a transverse zipper 140 to reduce the sail area.
  • the mainsail 134 may preferably be stowed in the interior of the hollow boom tube 132 or rolled up onto a shaft inside the hollow boom tube 132, either entirely or after part removal by the zipper 140, rolled up onto a batten.
  • the mast 230 with its mast base 231 is very far forward on the bow of the middle hull 12
  • the boom boom 232 and the mainsail 234 are adapted to this changed shape.
  • the mainsail 234 is preferably divisible by means of a zipper 240 and at least partially him large boom tube 232 rolled up or rolled up stowed.
  • the watercraft 10 has a measuring device 40 which has at least one tow bar 42 which is articulated near the bow of one of the hulls 12, 14, 16 in a swivel joint 44. If only one tow bar 42 is provided, this is preferably hinged to the middle hull 12. However, in the case of the watercraft 10 provided with three hulls 12, 14, 16, preferably two tow bars 42 may be provided on each of the two side hulls 14, 16. The at least one tug bar 42 slides with its lower end on the water surface, which lies at a faster ride with raised above the water surface hulls 12, 14, 16 between a lower level 100 and an upper level 102.
  • the measuring device 40 has a preferably electronic protractor 46 which, in the rotary joint 44 of the
  • Tow bar 42 is arranged and measures the deflection angle ⁇ relative to the horizontal.
  • Figure 1 are two different examples
  • the vertical distance A42 at the deflection position 42A results from the simple calculation using the angle function according to the formula: , wherein L 4 2 corresponds to the length of the tow bar 42.
  • At least one tow bar 42 is arranged on the underside of the middle hull 12 and / or of a side hull 14, 16 in FIG a rotary joint 44 rotatably mounted.
  • the tow bar 42 is made somewhat longer in this case than in the first variant and has at its lower or rear end a reflection surface 43.
  • the reflective surface 43 having the rear end of the tow bar 42 slides on the
  • a distance meter 48 is arranged on the corresponding fuselage 12, 14, 16, which has a transmitting device and a receiving device.
  • Transmitter sends down rays, which are reflected by the reflection surface 43 upwards and received by the receiving device of the distance meter 48.
  • beams are for example laser, ultrasound or radar into consideration.
  • the reflection surface 43 has such an extent in the longitudinal direction of the watercraft 10 that ensures that the beams of the distance blade 48 impinge on the reflection surface 43 at each deflection angle of the tow bar 42.
  • the distance A measured directly by the distance meter 48 or indirectly measured by the protractor 46 is fed to a control unit 50 and evaluated therein. If several distance meter 48 and / or more
  • Protractor 46 are provided distributed on the watercraft 10, all of these measured distances A are supplied to the control unit 50.
  • Controller 50 controls with a computer program, the change in the angle of attack ⁇ of the side T-wings 240, 260 and optionally also the rear T-wing 220. As a result, the distance A of the hulls 12, 14, 16 to the water surface 100 and 102 on a desired Kept level. The adjustment of the angle of attack ⁇ via a not shown
  • Adjusting mechanism for example a stepping motor arranged in the region of a side sword 24, 26 or the tail rudder 22, which has a guided inside a side sword 24, 26 or the tail rudder 22
  • the watercraft 10 is operable in three modes:
  • the first mode of operation involves letting the water or taking the water out of the watercraft or driving it in extremely shallow water.
  • the side tabs 24, 26 are folded up over the side hulls 14, 16 and the stern oar 22 is pulled upwardly by the sword box 222 to the position indicated by dashed lines in Figure 2 at 22A.
  • the vessel 10 slides in this case with little draft on the two side bodies 14, 16. It can be moved in this mode, for example, by an outboard motor, not shown, or by rowing.
  • Vessel 10 slides in this mode at low wind speeds, for example, under wind force 3 to 4, in sail mode continues to the
  • the middle hull 12 is due to its elevated
  • the T-wings 220, 240, 260 at least initially generated by the support wings 242, 262 produce at a corresponding
  • the watercraft 10 slides with a very low flow resistance onto the T-wings 220, 240, 260, which are always located below the water surface 100 or 102, and can thus reach a very high speed.
  • the watercraft 10 can be operated safely at any time and in a largely horizontal arrangement of the hulls 12, 14, 16.
  • the reception of crew and passengers preferably takes place in cockpits 121, 122, which are provided in the middle hull 12.
  • the watercraft 10 can can be controlled either from the front cockpit 121 or from the rear cockpit 122.
  • a rotation of the tail rudder 22 about a vertical axis of rotation 23 is provided.
  • a watercraft 10 with three hulls 12, 14, 16 is shown, both the pivotable
  • Side swords 24, 26 and the liftable tail rudder 22 are also advantageously used in conjunction with a watercraft having only one central hull 12 or only two side hulls 14, 16 without a central hull.
  • the innovative measuring device 40 is in both embodiments described above (indirect distance measurement over the angle or direct distance measurement with the support of the reflection surface) also advantageously used in watercraft with a fuselage or two hulls.
  • the control of the angle of attack ⁇ at the various T-wings 220, 240, 260 is controlled by the control unit 50 by means of a computer program, the one of the measuring device or of the plurality of measuring devices 40 and optionally additionally from the electronic gyros
  • control unit 50 a plurality of successive measured values are integrated and compared with threshold values, so that an evaluation result smoothed around short-term peaks or valleys serves as a starting variable for a gentle change in the angle of attack ⁇ to the
  • T-wings 220, 240, 260 allows, by means of the Watercraft 10 is maintained without strictly control movements in a largely constant distance A to the water surface 100 and 102, respectively.
  • FIG. 5 several wave crests WB 0 , WBi and WB 2 and the intermediate wave troughs WTi and WT 2 are shown by way of example. From the watercraft 10, which moves in FIG. 5 in the direction of travel F from right to left, there is simply indicated only one tow bar 42 in a plurality of successive positions 42.1, 42.2, 42.3 and 42.4.
  • the controller in the controller 50 evaluates the depth of two or more consecutive troughs WTi and WT 2 in the following manner:
  • a watercraft 10 having an exemplary length of about 5.5 m, an exemplary width of about 3.5 m, an exemplary sail area of about 14 m 2 and an exemplary distance A of the lower edge of the middle hull 12 to the water surface 100 of about 1
  • the T-wings 220, 240, 260 are kept constant during the ride at a level T 2 0 , 2 6o, which is an exemplary amount ⁇ of about 300 mm below the previously measured wave trough WT.
  • preferably more than two wave troughs WT and wave crests WB are evaluated, preferably by at least two tow bars 42 hinged to both side hulls. A correction then takes place only when either a preset threshold value is exceeded or undershot or when the trend that can be recognized from a plurality of values makes a change in the angle of attack ⁇ appear necessary.
  • Stepping motor very sensitive in the range of about 10 arc seconds possible.
  • the electronic control device 50 provides depending on the measured angle ⁇ for a corresponding control of the angle of attack ⁇ .
  • a decreasing with increasing angle ⁇ negative angle of attack ⁇ at the T-wings 220, 240, 260 is set.
  • the angle of attack ⁇ with respect to the horizontal is equal to zero.
  • an increasing positive angle of incidence ⁇ at the T-wings 220, 240, 260 is set with increasing angle ⁇ .
  • the hatched critical regions in FIG. 6 at an angle ⁇ smaller than about 10 ° or at an angle ⁇ greater than about 70 ° are corrected by the electronic controller 50 by a corresponding anticipatory correction of the angle of attack ⁇
  • Such a control by means of an electronic control device 50 has over a known, directly controlled by a tow bar mechanical transmission for changing the angle of attack ⁇ significant advantages.
  • the watercraft is due to the electronic elimination of only briefly or once occurring extreme values at the wave crests and / or troughs much quieter in the water and can thereby
  • Another significant advantage of the electronic control means of the electronic control unit 50 is that by a different adjustment of the angle of attack ⁇ of the side T-wings 240, 260 on both sides of the watercraft 10, the downforce on the windward side and the lift on the lee Side is specifically controlled, so that the watercraft 10 has much better handling characteristics and with a more favorable angle to the wind can be sailed as previously known watercraft.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un véhicule marin (10) comportant au moins une coque (12, 14, 16) située au moins temporairement au-dessus de la surface de l'eau (100), au moins un dispositif de mesure (40) pour mesurer la distance (A) de la coque (12, 14, 16) à la surface de l'eau (100) et au moins une surface porteuse en T (220, 240, 260) située sous la surface de l'eau (100), dont l'angle d'incidence (α) peut être modifié pour commander la distance (A). Selon l'invention, la surface porteuse en T (240, 260) est disposée sur une aile de dérive (24, 26) disposée latéralement par rapport à la coque (12, 14, 16), mobile par rapport à la coque (12, 14, 16). L'invention concerne également un véhicule marin comportant un dispositif de mesure comprenant au moins une tige traînée (42) glissant à la surface de l'eau, logée articulée sur une des coques, pour mesurer et réguler la distance (A) au moyen d'un dispositif de commande électronique (50).
EP10803449.7A 2009-12-23 2010-12-23 Vehicule marin Not-in-force EP2516246B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202009017432U DE202009017432U1 (de) 2009-12-23 2009-12-23 Wasserfahrzeug
PCT/EP2010/007928 WO2011076431A2 (fr) 2009-12-23 2010-12-23 Véhicule marin

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2516246A2 true EP2516246A2 (fr) 2012-10-31
EP2516246B1 EP2516246B1 (fr) 2013-12-04

Family

ID=43972766

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10803449.7A Not-in-force EP2516246B1 (fr) 2009-12-23 2010-12-23 Vehicule marin

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2516246B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE202009017432U1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011076431A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE2351437A1 (en) * 2023-01-20 2024-07-21 Volvo Penta Corp Marine vessel motion estimation and hydrofoiling

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NL2009307C2 (en) * 2012-08-09 2014-02-11 Ir M G Reissenweber Man Consultants B V Vessel with three hulls having forward deflactors.
US20150274266A1 (en) * 2014-03-28 2015-10-01 Kittihawk20 Corporation High-performance planing monohull sailboat with heeling control
WO2017219041A1 (fr) 2016-06-18 2017-12-21 Clark David Rittenhouse Hydroptère
FR3082182B1 (fr) * 2018-06-08 2020-09-18 Univ Montpellier Dispositif support d'appendice pour engin nautique
CN114162257B (zh) * 2021-12-22 2022-06-10 盐城工学院 折叠船
FR3135446A1 (fr) * 2022-05-11 2023-11-17 Gb Naval Development Système de montage d’un safran à la coque d’un bateau, ensemble comprenant un tel système de montage et un safran et procédé d’installation d’un safran
SE2330393A1 (en) * 2023-09-08 2025-02-11 Candela Tech Ab A hydrofoil vessel

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SE2351437A1 (en) * 2023-01-20 2024-07-21 Volvo Penta Corp Marine vessel motion estimation and hydrofoiling

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE202009017432U1 (de) 2011-05-05
WO2011076431A2 (fr) 2011-06-30
EP2516246B1 (fr) 2013-12-04
WO2011076431A3 (fr) 2012-01-19

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