EP2521882A1 - Appareil de chauffage muni d'une regulation de la combustion - Google Patents
Appareil de chauffage muni d'une regulation de la combustionInfo
- Publication number
- EP2521882A1 EP2521882A1 EP10794945A EP10794945A EP2521882A1 EP 2521882 A1 EP2521882 A1 EP 2521882A1 EP 10794945 A EP10794945 A EP 10794945A EP 10794945 A EP10794945 A EP 10794945A EP 2521882 A1 EP2521882 A1 EP 2521882A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heating apparatus
- duct
- valves
- combustion chamber
- flue gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005021 gait Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010022000 influenza Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
- F24B7/00—Stoves, ranges or flue-gas ducts, with additional provisions for convection heating
- F24B7/005—Flue-gas ducts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
- F24B1/00—Stoves or ranges
- F24B1/18—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces
- F24B1/185—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces with air-handling means, heat exchange means, or additional provisions for convection heating ; Controlling combustion
- F24B1/189—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces with air-handling means, heat exchange means, or additional provisions for convection heating ; Controlling combustion characterised by air-handling means, i.e. of combustion-air, heated-air, or flue-gases, e.g. draught control dampers
- F24B1/1895—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces with air-handling means, heat exchange means, or additional provisions for convection heating ; Controlling combustion characterised by air-handling means, i.e. of combustion-air, heated-air, or flue-gases, e.g. draught control dampers flue-gas control dampers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
- F23N2235/02—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers
- F23N2235/04—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers in stacks
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a heating device, more particularly a solid fuel domestic heater, such as wood or coal, provided with a regulation to optimize combustion and thereby maximize the efficiency of 1 device.
- a heating device more particularly a solid fuel domestic heater, such as wood or coal, provided with a regulation to optimize combustion and thereby maximize the efficiency of 1 device.
- a wood or coal heater can operate in several gaits.
- a maximum pace corresponding for example to P ma x
- an intermediate or average pace corresponding to P max / 2
- a minimum pace corresponding to P max / 4
- a pace of idling corresponding to P max / 8.
- P max is the maximum power of the appliance which, for a wood stove, is typically between 5 and 15 kW.
- This classification is only given by way of example to allow the following illustration of the invention and to give orders of magnitude. It goes without saying that other intermediate steps and other power criteria are possible.
- the so-called "idle" pace for a wood stove, is typically intended for night use. At bedtime, the user reloads the stove and sets the primary air valve on the minimum position. Upon awakening, the user reloads the stove into logs and opens the flapper up to fire.
- n 100% - qi - q 2 - q 3 ,
- the losses qi are the highest and therefore the minimum efficiency, possibly lower than the nominal efficiency of the device, which is determined under very specific conditions.
- the smoke temperature is the lowest and the highest efficiency, but care must be taken to stay above the dew point of the fumes (60-70 ° C). ), otherwise condensation occurs with accumulation of soot.
- the technical problem to be solved, in order to optimize the efficiency of the apparatus independently of the chosen pace, preferably automatically, is to reduce in a controlled manner the temperature of the smoke or combustion gases, especially at high speeds.
- Heat recovery wood stoves are also known such that the evacuation of fumes from the heating body is carried out in a maximized way, by a suitable design of the exhaust duct, possibly coupled with a convector-type sheath (see, for example, document BE 903 620 A). Aims of the invention
- the present invention aims to overcome the disadvantages of the state of the art.
- the invention aims to optimize the combustion for each heating pace.
- the invention also aims to provide security to avoid tarring in the flues, which could lead to a build-up of soot and possibly a chimney fire.
- the invention also aims to optimize combustion irrespective of the type or height of the chimney, as well as in the case of variable atmospheric conditions.
- a first object of the present invention relates to a solid fuel heater comprising a combustion chamber and a first flue gas duct, characterized in that the heater comprises:
- regulating means configured to select, for each of said valves, an open or closed position, as a function of the flue gas temperature measured by a temperature probe located at said first duct, so as to adjust the length of the path traveled by the fumes to minimize the temperature of the fumes, while remaining above their dew point.
- the heating apparatus according to the invention also comprises one or more of the following characteristics:
- the first discharge duct is a vertical chimney or a horizontal duct or a rear outlet duct;
- the temperature probe is located at a certain distance from the end of the chimney opening to the atmosphere;
- the temperature probe is located at about 30 cm below the top of the chimney;
- the double wall comprises, at each height h1, h2, h3, h4, etc., two valves located near the two side walls of the combustion chamber;
- the apparatus further comprises a direct draw valve for the admission of fumes in the first conduit;
- the regulation means comprise said temperature probe, a microcontroller and an actuator in the form of a motor for opening and closing each valve;
- the regulation is an open or closed loop regulation, preferably of the PID type
- a primary or secondary air heating duct leading into the top of the combustion chamber is disposed between the combustion chamber and the second flue gas discharge duct.
- a second object of the invention relates to a method of regulating a heating apparatus as described above, characterized in that, in operation, said regulation means are implemented so that:
- the highest height valve h1 is open and the other valves closed;
- the highest height valve h1 is closed and at least one lower height valve h2, h3, h4, etc., is open, the remaining valves being closed;
- Figure 1 shows a perspective view in section, right and back, of an exemplary embodiment of the regulated heating apparatus according to the present invention.
- Figure 2 shows a right view and sectional view of the apparatus of Figure 1.
- Figure 3 schematically shows a perspective view of the back of the apparatus of Figure 1.
- Figure 4 schematically shows a right and sectional view of the apparatus of Figure 1, with the fumes path shown in maximum pace.
- the principle implemented in the invention is to reduce the smoke temperature precisely by extending the path traveled by the fumes between the combustion chamber and the entrance to the chimney. Indeed, this elongation of path traveled allows greater expansion of gas and / or better heat exchange with the walls, so the cooling of fumes. According to the invention, it is desired to constantly adapt the path traveled by the fumes at different speeds of the heater, so as to optimize the performance of it, regardless of the pace adopted.
- a heater as shown in Figures 1 and 2, wherein the combustion chamber 1 is provided with a double wall 2A which can communicate with the combustion chamber by means of a plurality of valves, for example at least four valves 11, 12, 13, 14 located at different respective heights hl, h2, h3 and h4, such that hl>h2>h3> h4.
- a damper system or damper suitable for controlling the draft of a heater may be used in the context of the present invention.
- the invention is advantageously implemented automatically by means of an open or closed loop regulation, comprising a temperature sensor (7) located in the upper part of the chimney (8, FIG. 3) and an actuator (not shown). which opens or closes the various aforementioned valves according to the measured value for the flue gas temperatures and the set temperature.
- Each valve is secured to a small motor that is controlled by wire connection or radio frequency.
- the flue gas temperature being the highest at this rate, as indicated above, it opens the valve 11 located at height hl to circulate the combustion gas 3 over a significant distance, namely 2x + a + h ( Figure 3), to be able to cool them and thus obtain a better performance.
- the valves 12, 13 and 14 remain closed (as in Figure 2). However, care must be taken not to cool the fumes below the dew point (approximately 65 ° C). It will be noted that, since the height h of the chimneys is not constant, it is necessary to provide for the positioning of the flue gas temperature sensor at the top of the chimney 6, for example at 30 cm below the vertex 8. This positioning of the This sensor makes the invention compatible with any chimney height and allows for varying atmospheric conditions.
- Figure 4 shows the path traveled by the fumes in the case of the maximum pace (valve 11 open). The fumes escape to the atmosphere by backward passage 4 or above 4A (towards the chimney).
- the "labyrinth" path of the fumes can be obtained by any simple means of construction known to those skilled in the art, for example by means of an "L” folded sheet revealing an orifice 2B in FIG. the lower part of the stove.
- the flue gas temperature being lower than for the maximum pace, there will be a risk of condensation if the path for cooling fumes remains the same as the maximum pace. It is necessary to shorten their path by controlling the opening and closing of the aforementioned valves. Specifically, when we go from the maximum pace to the average pace and the flue gas temperature measured at the top of the chimney approaches the dew point, an instruction is sent to close the valve 11 and open the valve 12 (the valves 13 and 14 remaining closed), which will decrease the cooling distance of y (that is to say passing from 2x + a + h to 2x + a + hy, Figure 3). The flue gas temperature will then increase to a value further from the dew point.
- valve 13 (14, etc.) will be open (valves 11, 12 closed) to reduce still the distance traveled by the fumes and increase the temperature of smoke, and so on. If that's not enough, a direct draft damper 5 directly admitting the flue gases into the chimney, which is normally closed at other speeds, will be open at the last end, away from the dew point.
- the "double wall" of the apparatus according to the present invention becomes a triple wall , which exchanges heat with the heating channel of the incoming air, which is also heated by the combustion chamber.
- This sandwiching of the heating channel between two hot walls makes it possible to increase in this case the inlet temperature of the air preheated in the combustion chamber and to reduce the losses q 2 , because the combustion is improved when it is powered by preheated air.
- the losses qi can also increase, which must be readjusted by means of the regulation according to the invention.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
- Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
- Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
- Air Supply (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP10794945.5A EP2521882B1 (fr) | 2010-01-08 | 2010-12-09 | Appareil de chauffage muni d'une régulation de la combustion |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP10150358A EP2343482A1 (fr) | 2010-01-08 | 2010-01-08 | Appareil de chauffage muni d'une régulation de la combustion |
| PCT/EP2010/069279 WO2011082936A1 (fr) | 2010-01-08 | 2010-12-09 | Appareil de chauffage muni d'une regulation de la combustion |
| EP10794945.5A EP2521882B1 (fr) | 2010-01-08 | 2010-12-09 | Appareil de chauffage muni d'une régulation de la combustion |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2521882A1 true EP2521882A1 (fr) | 2012-11-14 |
| EP2521882B1 EP2521882B1 (fr) | 2015-02-25 |
Family
ID=42103040
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP10150358A Withdrawn EP2343482A1 (fr) | 2010-01-08 | 2010-01-08 | Appareil de chauffage muni d'une régulation de la combustion |
| EP10794945.5A Not-in-force EP2521882B1 (fr) | 2010-01-08 | 2010-12-09 | Appareil de chauffage muni d'une régulation de la combustion |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP10150358A Withdrawn EP2343482A1 (fr) | 2010-01-08 | 2010-01-08 | Appareil de chauffage muni d'une régulation de la combustion |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9074774B2 (fr) |
| EP (2) | EP2343482A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP5716042B2 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2785902A1 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2535807T3 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2011082936A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2607788A1 (fr) | 2011-12-20 | 2013-06-26 | Rudy Cyris | Appareil de chauffage de très faible profondeur et à vision étendue |
| JP7714247B2 (ja) * | 2023-11-10 | 2025-07-29 | 祐智 田山 | ストーブ |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB364280A (en) * | 1930-11-28 | 1932-01-07 | Edgar Herring | Improvements in connection with hot water boilers |
| GB767474A (en) * | 1955-03-14 | 1957-02-06 | Maurice Guillier | Cooking stove selectively operable under direct or down draught |
| US4162808A (en) * | 1978-05-23 | 1979-07-31 | Gulf Oil Corporation | In-situ retorting of carbonaceous deposits |
| US4276926A (en) * | 1979-08-09 | 1981-07-07 | James Evangelow | Stove pipe heater |
| FR2483053A1 (fr) * | 1980-05-21 | 1981-11-27 | Pibernat Thierry | Appareil de chauffage comportant un recuperateur de chaleur |
| US4320738A (en) * | 1980-05-30 | 1982-03-23 | Virgil Johnson | Heating stove |
| US4506653A (en) * | 1983-02-03 | 1985-03-26 | Bigelow Lavell M | Combustion method and apparatus |
| BE903620A (fr) | 1985-11-08 | 1986-03-03 | Lambert Albert Joseph | Systeme de recuperation de fumees pour poele a bois |
| AT393898B (de) * | 1988-03-09 | 1991-12-27 | Prueller Josef | Rauchgasklappe |
| JPH07109299B2 (ja) * | 1992-04-27 | 1995-11-22 | 昇 丸山 | 液体加熱装置 |
| SI20125A (sl) * | 2000-03-08 | 2000-06-30 | Vojteh Vanovšek | Toplovodni kotel na trda goriva |
| JP2002317934A (ja) * | 2001-04-20 | 2002-10-31 | Yoshihiro Tokai | ストーブ |
| EP1426691A1 (fr) | 2002-11-20 | 2004-06-09 | Thermic Investments S.A. | Appareil de chauffage à haut rendement |
| JP2007232241A (ja) * | 2006-02-28 | 2007-09-13 | Kaneko Agricult Mach Co Ltd | 木質ペレット燃料燃焼装置 |
-
2010
- 2010-01-08 EP EP10150358A patent/EP2343482A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-12-09 EP EP10794945.5A patent/EP2521882B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2010-12-09 US US13/519,743 patent/US9074774B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-12-09 WO PCT/EP2010/069279 patent/WO2011082936A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2010-12-09 JP JP2012547472A patent/JP5716042B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-12-09 CA CA2785902A patent/CA2785902A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2010-12-09 ES ES10794945.5T patent/ES2535807T3/es active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2011082936A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2785902A1 (fr) | 2011-07-14 |
| WO2011082936A1 (fr) | 2011-07-14 |
| US20130000625A1 (en) | 2013-01-03 |
| ES2535807T3 (es) | 2015-05-18 |
| US9074774B2 (en) | 2015-07-07 |
| EP2521882B1 (fr) | 2015-02-25 |
| JP5716042B2 (ja) | 2015-05-13 |
| EP2343482A1 (fr) | 2011-07-13 |
| JP2013516594A (ja) | 2013-05-13 |
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