EP2870295A1 - Défense - Google Patents

Défense

Info

Publication number
EP2870295A1
EP2870295A1 EP13750156.5A EP13750156A EP2870295A1 EP 2870295 A1 EP2870295 A1 EP 2870295A1 EP 13750156 A EP13750156 A EP 13750156A EP 2870295 A1 EP2870295 A1 EP 2870295A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fender
members
cables
tensioning
posts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13750156.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Dominicus ROS
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mrconsult BV
Original Assignee
Mrconsult BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mrconsult BV filed Critical Mrconsult BV
Publication of EP2870295A1 publication Critical patent/EP2870295A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/20—Equipment for shipping on coasts, in harbours or on other fixed marine structures, e.g. bollards
    • E02B3/26—Fenders
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/30—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation in transportation, e.g. on roads, waterways or railways

Definitions

  • Fender The present invention relates to a fender according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a fender is known in the art and is used as braking and guiding device. Fenders are applied at lock entrances, for allowing ships that are going to cross said lock, to fend and, option- ally, to moor.
  • a fender usually is part of a locking structure. Said structure comprises, as viewed from the lock, a locking entrance, and positioned before said entrance a guiding structure having a converging shape towards the locking entrance. The end of the guiding structure, positioned away from the locking entrance, connects to the actual fender. Said fender usually consists of poles that are ground in the waterway' s bottom, to which are connected horizontal guiding members. Ships are allowed to moor against said guiding members before they are allowed to enter the lock.
  • horizontal guiding members are used for slowing down ships.
  • Said guiding members usually are comprised of tubes or the like having a required strength and stiffness, a vertical frame comprising wood fender being connected thereto.
  • Ships and vessels contact said wood fender by sailing or by mooring against it. As a consequence, high forces are applied on said fender.
  • a fender is of heavy construction and requires a large amount of material.
  • the present invention aims at providing an improved fender of the kind mentioned in the preamble.
  • the invention especially aims at providing a fender as men- tioned above that has a lower weight.
  • the invention also aims at providing a fender that is comprised of less material.
  • the invention also aims at providing a fender that can be manufactured and located.
  • the invention especially aims at providing a fender that requires less maintenance and that can be carried out at lower costs .
  • the invention further aims at providing a fender that has less environmental impact.
  • the invention provides a fender comprising the features of claim 1.
  • This fender had the advantage that it is made up of a smaller amount of material than the fenders used hitherto. As a result, the manufacturing costs are considerably less than that of the present fenders. Also, maintenance can be carried out more easily because it is possible to use mate- rial that is less, or not at all, susceptible to weathering.
  • cable guides comprising a recess for receiving a tensioning member have been provided at an outside surface of said posts, such that said re- cess is deeper than the thickness of said tensioning member.
  • the ship will contact the cable guide at the location of the post and the tensioning member will not be damaged.
  • JP60-144408 describing a buffer facility for underwater structure.
  • the use of such con- struction as a fender is not foreseen.
  • Said structure is aimed at keeping away vessels by reversing impact forces and having the vessel move away from said buffer facility.
  • DE1024441 relates to a shock absorber for keeping away vessels.
  • vertical ropes are positioned below a quay. Said ropes protect the quay from impact forces. The ropes cannot serve as guiding members for vessels, ships and the like.
  • DE2158991 relates to a construction of a mooring construction for moving along with the water level.
  • the tensioning members comprise at least one of cables, beams and chains.
  • Such construction elements can easily be constructed such that they have a life span of at least 50 years in corrosive conditions, like in or near the sea.
  • cables whereas tensioning members in general are meant.
  • the in- vention and the description are, however, in no way limited to the use of cables.
  • the use or application of beams and tension members, as well as any other construction member that can be placed under tensile load and that is suitable for use in the present invention, is covered by the scope of protection of the present invention .
  • the term "cable” relates to a construction element that has a larger length than thickness, especially a length that is sufficient for bridging the distance be ⁇ tween two posts and having a thickness of maximally 10 cm, preferably maximally 7 cm.
  • both flexible cables, build up from strands and rods that are comprised of a single element and combinations of elements, like chains, are comprised by the term "cable".
  • the present invention provides a more efficient braking (also called deceleration or slowing down) of vessels than the present fenders. Such synergetic result is completely unexpected.
  • the cables can be provided with some strain, which as a consequence has the effect that the fender will bend less when contacted by a vessel.
  • the posts may be flexible as well.
  • a fender that can be controlled and computed easily is obtained when said tensioning members extend in a horizontal direction and wherein said fender comprises a multiplicity of tensioning members at a mutually vertical distance of each other.
  • the most upper and most lower cable are positioned at a mutual distance of about 2.50 meter.
  • the distance of the cables is preferably not larger than 0.50 meter, For example maximally 0.40 meter, so as to provide a sufficient degree of safety when a vessel only contacts the lower cables and the cables that are positioned higher brush along the deck of the vessel.
  • the distance between the cables is also determined by the class of vessel that will make use of the fender and, for that reason, may vary widely.
  • the mutual distance will be made dependent on the fact whether the fender will be applied in a tidal environment.
  • the fact if the fender will be applied as a floating body may also influence the distance and number of cables.
  • the number of cables is preferably at least six, more preferably at least eight .
  • the brushing along the deck of the cables can be prevented efficiently by mutually coupling said cables my means of stiffening members. This way, the mutual distance of the cables can be kept substantially constant when a vessel touches and actually displaces only a few cables.
  • stiffening members extend in a direction perpendicular to the cables.
  • said stiffening members extend in a vertical direction.
  • stiffening members may be positioned in a relative diagonal instead of perpendicular relationship with respect to the cables. Since the cables extend in a horizontal direction, the stiffening mem- bers then extend in a diagonal direction.
  • the fender is positioned at a side of the waterway and has an approach side where vessels (or ships or the like) are located and a rear side positioned remotely from said approach side.
  • said approach side is positioned (located) at the side of the ships to be fended and moored.
  • the fender comprises a cover at the approach side. This ensures a protection of the cables which excludes wear and tear of said cables.
  • the cover can be easily designed such that a life span at intended use of at least 50 years is obtained.
  • stiffening members and the cover may be mutually connected.
  • the stiffening members may be connected to the rear side of said cables whereas the cover may be connected at the approach side. Locking said cables between the stiffening members and the cover, preferably by means of a clamping coupling, provides a construction that effi- ciently transfers a force, exerted by a vessel on a few cables, to neighbouring cables.
  • stiffening members may be connected diagonally to the cables, for example starting at a lower most cable near a first post to an upper most cable at a subsequent post, said stiffening member being connected to each intermediate cable. Depending on the required stiffness further stiffening members may be connected to said cables in parallel to said first stiffening member. Preferably, said stiffening members may be somewhat elastic. These stiffening members are tensile loaded as well.
  • said posts For being able to accurately calculate the fender' s stiffness, it is preferred for said posts to have been grounded in the waterway' s bottom or to have been connected to foundation in the waterway's bottom. This way, the posts have an exact defined position and as a consequence, any relocation or bending of said posts when being contacted by a vessel can be calculated easily.
  • the posts When a fender is located in a waterway experiencing water level changes, it may be preferable for the posts to be connected to foundation poles grounded in the waterway's bottom in a vertically movable fashion.
  • said posts, or more in particular the complete fender may be maintained at a desired position with respect to the water level by connecting same to floaters.
  • the posts, or similarly the complete fender may be relocated in an activated way, for example hydraulically or mechanically/electrically, so as to bring them in a desired position, depending on the water level.
  • the stiffening members may be comprised of beams, poles or cables. As a consequence, a relatively small construction can be obtained.
  • the stiffening members may be manufactured from synthetic resin, optionally comprising an internal reinforcement so as to obtain a desired stiffness.
  • the stiffening members also may be comprised of sheet-like, optionally laminated, members which yields an improved stiffness across a larger surface of said cables.
  • the fender comprises a tensioning member for pre-stressing at least one tensioning member.
  • the pre-stress value will be maintained constant, independent the extent to which the vessel relocates the cable.
  • tensioning member it is especially preferred for the tensioning member to apply a continuous force on all cables.
  • a simple device can be obtained wherein said tensioning mem- ber is comprised of a hydraulic, pneumatic or mechanic system.
  • Fig. 1 a schematic top view of a locking structure comprising a fender
  • Fig. 2 a schematic view of guiding a cable along a post
  • Fig. 3 an example of a tensioning member
  • Fig. 4 a schematic view of the application of a stiffening member
  • Fig. 5 a view of a cover in combination with a stiffening member
  • Fig. 6 a detailed view of a coupling of a cover and a stiffening member to a cable.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic top view of a locking structure 1 comprising two fenders 2.
  • ⁇ lock 3 comprises lock entrances 4 extending away from said lock 3.
  • Guiding structure 5 connects to said lock entrance 4.
  • said guiding structure 5 is embodied as a number of posts 7 grounded in the waterway's bottom. Vessels that are to use lock 3 are guided both visually and physically by guiding structure 5 and locking entrance 4.
  • a fender 2 connects. Said fender 2 extends between two terminal posts 8, 9. Between said terminal posts 8, 9 intermediate posts 10 have been provided. Said terminal posts 8, 9 are stiff, whereas said intermediate posts 10 are somewhat flexible.
  • Fig. 2 shows a detailed view of cables 11 and more in particular the way guiding these along the intermediate posts 10.
  • the intermediate posts 10, in Fig. 2 only a single intermediate post 10 has been shown, comprise a guiding member 12 connected to a post 10, said guiding member comprising at its outer circumferential surface a recess 13 in which cable 11 is received.
  • the depth of this recess 13 is larger than the thickness of cable 11, such that cable 11 entirely fits within said recess 13.
  • said cable 11 has been cou- pled in said recess in a clamping manner, so as to ensure the cable will not be able to leave said recess.
  • Fig. 2 The view according to Fig. 2 is seen from terminal post 8 towards terminal post 9, that is a ship's sailing direction.
  • the guide 12 outer surface's radius is, at the side of terminal post 8 larger than at the other side of said intermediate post 10. This ensures that an approaching ship that contacts cable 11, is moved away from post 10 towards the approaching side and will not end up at the rear side of said post 10.
  • the enlarged radius furthermore ensures a limited bending of said cable 11 and prohibits defects. Cable 11 may move within said recess 13 in a longitudinal direction.
  • Fig. 3 shows an example of a tensioning member 14.
  • Said tensioning member 14 provides a pre-tension on said cables 11.
  • a weight 15 hangs from a lifting beam 16 that hinges around a pivot point that has been provided on terminal post 9.
  • To a said lifting beam 16 a balance beam 18 has been rotatably or pivotally connected through a pivot point 20.
  • Tensioning member 14 ensures continuous pre- tensioning of said cables 11.
  • a ship contacting and displacing one or more cable 11, will have the pre-tensioning member 14 to rotate around axis 17 so as to have said cables move in the direction of arrow 20. Since all cables 11 are connected to beam 18, all cables will be displaced and moved, also if the ship only contacts one or a few cables, for example only the lower most cables.
  • the force exerted on the ship will increase with increasing displacement of cables 11 (and displacement of said (intermediate) posts 10) forming part of fender 2. Such also applies for the fenders presently applied in the art. What counts is that the force exerted on the cables does not exceed a maximally allowed value when a ship contacts the cables. This is obtained by apply- ing a counter weight 15 combined with a balancing arm or lifting beam 16. Applying a tensioning force on cables 11 can also be obtained by a hydraulic cylinder on each cable, wherein all cylinders are connected to common rail system, but such yields an expensive system. An airbag, provided below water level, may be ap- plied as well.
  • a stiffening member 21 is provided.
  • Fig. 4 shows a schematic view.
  • Said stiffening member 21 is comprised of a member 22, connecting said cables 11.
  • Said stiffening member 22 keeps together said cables 11, and as a consequence people or objects present on deck of said ship, will not be touched by said cables 11.
  • Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 both show further detailed views of exam- pies of e set of cables 11, mutually connected by a stiffening member 11.
  • a cover 24 for cables 11 has been provided as well. By providing such cover, a ship contacting the fender will not actually contact said cables 11 which might induce damage to said cables 11 by means of shear or deformation. Said cover 24 will have direct contact with said ship and guide same, as shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6.
  • Said stiffening members 22 provide for an equal displacement of all cables 11. As shown in Fig. 6 cable 11 is taken up by stiffening member 22 and cover 24. Cable 11 is clamped between said both parts. Said connection of guide 24 to member 22 is obtained by clamps, for ex ⁇ ample bolts 25 and nuts 26.
  • anchors 27 may be provided in members 22. By varying the number of anchors or the kind of ma ⁇ terial thereof, the required stiffness may be obtained. As mentioned above, elastic stiffening members may be coupled diagonally alongside cables 11 as well.
  • the pre-tensioning member provides a further equalisation of the force exerted on cables 11.
  • the mechanical pre-tensioning mem ⁇ ber shown in Fig. 3 yields and, as a consequence, will exert a continuous force on said cables, irrespective of the degree of displacement by a ship.
  • a hydraulic or electro/- mechanical system may be used for exerting a continuous force on said cables, irrespective of the degree of displacement of said cables by a ship.
  • FIG. 7 shows a side view of a part of fender 2, com ⁇ prising a post 10, as well as the cover 24 and a stiffening member 22.
  • the water level has been identified as well.
  • Arrows A-A denote the direction of the view according to Fig. 8.
  • Fender 2 comprises a cover 24 and stiffening members 22 that have been connected to post 10 by means of a construction 28.
  • mooring bollards 29 have been provided.
  • a floating tube 20 has been shown, comprising a floater 31 that ensures the construction to float and maintain a horizontal positioning, as shown in Fig. 7.
  • a footbridge 32 has been shown as well, floating on the water level.
  • the invention also embodies any combination of features and steps that have been mentioned above independently of each other.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une défense à utiliser sur une voie d'eau, qui comprend des montants reliés au fond de la voie d'eau et des guides reliés aux montants et s'étendant entre eux. Les guides comprennent des éléments de mise sous tension pré-contraints. Des éléments de mise sous tension appropriés peuvent comprendre des câbles, des chaînes et des barres. La construction est placée sous une charge de tension, qui réduit l'utilisation de matériau, en comparaison avec les défenses actuellement appliquées. La construction est flexible.
EP13750156.5A 2012-07-05 2013-07-01 Défense Withdrawn EP2870295A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL2009132A NL2009132C2 (nl) 2012-07-05 2012-07-05 Remmingwerk.
PCT/NL2013/050478 WO2014007614A1 (fr) 2012-07-05 2013-07-01 Défense

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2870295A1 true EP2870295A1 (fr) 2015-05-13

Family

ID=48986190

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13750156.5A Withdrawn EP2870295A1 (fr) 2012-07-05 2013-07-01 Défense

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2870295A1 (fr)
NL (1) NL2009132C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014007614A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9937985B2 (en) 2015-04-16 2018-04-10 Shmuel Sam Arditi System and method for planning and predetermination of fender heights and dock location information
WO2017146796A1 (fr) * 2016-02-25 2017-08-31 Arditi Shmuel Sam Système et procédé de planification et de prédétermination des hauteurs des défenses de bateau et des informations se rapportant aux emplacements au niveau du quai
JP7128675B2 (ja) * 2018-07-09 2022-08-31 Ｊｆｅ建材株式会社 津波バリア

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2915879A (en) * 1955-05-09 1959-12-08 California Research Corp Fender system for underwater drilling platforms
US4248547A (en) * 1978-08-31 1981-02-03 Brown Norman D Fence for enclosing impurities floating on water
US4319858A (en) * 1978-10-16 1982-03-16 Societe Anonyme Rolba High resistance flexible boom

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US602444A (en) * 1898-04-19 James f
DE1024441B (de) 1954-10-22 1958-02-13 Paul Rehder Dr Ing Stossdaempfer fuer wasserbauliche Schutz- und Verkehrseinrichtungen
DE2158991A1 (de) 1971-11-25 1973-05-30 Mannesmann Ag Schwimmender dalben
US3975916A (en) * 1975-03-14 1976-08-24 Pawling Rubber Corporation Laminated pier bumper
FR2358512A1 (fr) * 1976-07-16 1978-02-10 Sea Tank Co Dispositif de protection pour l'accostage d'une structure offshore
JPS6227529Y2 (fr) * 1981-03-05 1987-07-15
JPS602265Y2 (ja) * 1981-03-09 1985-01-22 日立造船株式会社 防衝装置
JPS60144408A (ja) 1983-12-29 1985-07-30 Honsyu Shikoku Renrakukiyou Kodan 船舶侵入防護施設
JPS6396330A (ja) * 1986-10-09 1988-04-27 Bridgestone Corp 緩衝防護装置
JPH0820932A (ja) * 1994-07-08 1996-01-23 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 衝突防護設備
CN101761055B (zh) * 2009-12-11 2011-10-05 招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司 桥梁带重力坠的组合式浮体防撞装置

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2915879A (en) * 1955-05-09 1959-12-08 California Research Corp Fender system for underwater drilling platforms
US4248547A (en) * 1978-08-31 1981-02-03 Brown Norman D Fence for enclosing impurities floating on water
US4319858A (en) * 1978-10-16 1982-03-16 Societe Anonyme Rolba High resistance flexible boom

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of WO2014007614A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2014007614A1 (fr) 2014-01-09
NL2009132C2 (nl) 2014-01-07

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US6960047B2 (en) Protection barrier apparatus
US7744313B2 (en) Fixed security barrier
US9394660B2 (en) Energy absorption management for marine barrier and gate systems
US7575396B2 (en) Wave attenuation system
CN2895522Y (zh) 外海大桥非通航孔桥墩的防撞拦截设施
EP2870295A1 (fr) Défense
US4642000A (en) Anchoring system for concrete floating pier
CA2751792A1 (fr) Systeme et methode de connexion souple de quai modulaire a autoreglage de maree
CN203332359U (zh) 一种水上防冲击栅栏
US7461611B2 (en) Floating pontoon berthing facility for ferries and ships
CN101736688A (zh) 桥梁带钢臂的组合式浮动防撞装置
US9765494B2 (en) Marine fender system
CN217758554U (zh) 一种装配式钢结构码头
CN101487228A (zh) 浮式通岸装置
RU156729U1 (ru) Противокатерное боновое заграждение
CA2561449C (fr) Installation d'accostage a ponton flottant pour traversiers et bateaux
CN110205987B (zh) 柔性停船栏
JPH0313363B2 (fr)
CN201358438Y (zh) 浮式通岸装置
JPS6319377Y2 (fr)
GB1602512A (en) Apparatus for arresting a floating vessel
US20240240921A1 (en) Marine barrier
KR102679959B1 (ko) 행거형 방충장치
CN107190701B (zh) 一种靠船建筑物及系统
NO142537B (no) Anordning ved nedloepsroer for takrenner for avledning av regnvann fra nedloepsroeret

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20141230

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20160912

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 20170124