EP2944913B1 - Dispositif d'échange de chaleur - Google Patents

Dispositif d'échange de chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2944913B1
EP2944913B1 EP14382172.6A EP14382172A EP2944913B1 EP 2944913 B1 EP2944913 B1 EP 2944913B1 EP 14382172 A EP14382172 A EP 14382172A EP 2944913 B1 EP2944913 B1 EP 2944913B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sheet metal
chamber
shaft
bypass conduit
bundle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP14382172.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2944913A1 (fr
Inventor
Simón Piñeiro Losada
Rodolfo Prieto Domínguez
Xoan Xosé Hermida Domínguez
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BorgWarner Emissions Systems Spain SL
Original Assignee
BorgWarner Emissions Systems Spain SL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BorgWarner Emissions Systems Spain SL filed Critical BorgWarner Emissions Systems Spain SL
Priority to EP14382172.6A priority Critical patent/EP2944913B1/fr
Priority to KR1020150067574A priority patent/KR20150132008A/ko
Priority to CN201510249292.7A priority patent/CN105089860A/zh
Priority to US14/713,494 priority patent/US20150330712A1/en
Publication of EP2944913A1 publication Critical patent/EP2944913A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2944913B1 publication Critical patent/EP2944913B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/0408—Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids
    • F28D1/0426—Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids with units having particular arrangement relative to the large body of fluid, e.g. with interleaved units or with adjacent heat exchange units in common air flow or with units extending at an angle to each other or with units arranged around a central element
    • F28D1/0443—Combination of units extending one beside or one above the other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
    • F28F27/02—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus for controlling the distribution of heat-exchange media between different channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
    • F02M26/23—Layout, e.g. schematics
    • F02M26/25—Layout, e.g. schematics with coolers having bypasses
    • F02M26/26—Layout, e.g. schematics with coolers having bypasses characterised by details of the bypass valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
    • F02M26/29—Constructional details of the coolers, e.g. pipes, plates, ribs, insulation or materials
    • F02M26/32—Liquid-cooled heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/0408—Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2250/00—Arrangements for modifying the flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. flow guiding means; Particular flow patterns
    • F28F2250/06—Derivation channels, e.g. bypass

Definitions

  • the present invention is a device for heat exchange particularly suitable for cooling recirculated gas in EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) systems, with a constructive configuration incorporating the heat exchanger together with a bypass conduit and a bypass valve, where most of the parts forming said device allow manufacturing same in stamped sheet metal, thereby reducing manufacturing costs.
  • EGR exhaust Gas Recirculation
  • Heat exchanger devices for EGR systems are devices intended for cooling recirculated gas originating from combustion in an internal combustion engine until it reaches a temperature suitable for being reintroduced into the intake.
  • the reintroduction of recirculated gas reduces the amount of oxygen entering the combustion chamber, such that nitrogen oxide emission is reduced.
  • Cooling of exhaust gases is not suitable when the engine has just been started and the temperature thereof is too low. It is of interest for the engine and specific conduits to reach a specific temperature in the shortest time possible, since the existence of condensates causes very significant engine damage.
  • the heat exchanger of the EGR system has a bypass conduit which is open depending on the position of a bypass valve. The exhaust gas goes through the bypass conduit without giving off its heat to the coolant circulating in the heat exchanger.
  • this bypass valve usually has seats made on injected or molten metal parts, where these metal parts are machined to assure both the proper operation of the moving portions of the valve and the correct closure of the flap on the seats.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a configuration of a heat exchanger with a bypass conduit and bypass valve, where most of the parts of the device allow manufacturing same in stamped sheet metal, reducing manufacturing costs.
  • the heat exchange device establishes exchange between a first fluid and a second fluid.
  • the first fluid is the gas to be cooled in an internal combustion engine with an EGR system for reintroduction into the intake manifold; and the second fluid is a coolant absorbing the heat given off by the gas.
  • the heat exchanging device is intercalated between the conduit of the first fluid and the conduit of the second fluid existing in an internal combustion engine.
  • a heat exchanger according to the invention comprises the features of claim 1.
  • the heat exchanger comprises:
  • tubular configuration of the shell must be interpreted in the most generic sense, where the section of the tubular body is the generatrix and the longitudinal direction is the directrix.
  • the tubular configuration of the sheet metal shell can be formed by two U-shaped stamped sheet metal bodies that are attached to one another giving rise to a tubular configuration having a square or rectangular section.
  • the bundle of conduits can be formed as a bundle of tubes, a bundle of hybrid tubes, each of them having a flat or oval section, or each of them can also be obtained by stamping two half-portions which are subsequently attached to one another by welding.
  • the bundle of conduits can also be interpreted as a bundle formed by a stack of stamped metal sheets, being able to have exchange fins, giving rise to the bundle of conduits.
  • the second fluid flows through the inside of the shell in contact with the conduits of the bundle of conduits.
  • the first fluid usually circulates through this bundle of conduits such that the surface of the conduits of the bundle of conduits is the exchange surface for transferring heat from the first fluid to the second fluid.
  • the bypass conduit is arranged parallel to the bundle of conduits.
  • the bypass conduit is sized to allow the partial or complete passage of the first fluid, depending on the position of the flaps, preventing the complete or partial passage of said first fluid through the conduits of the bundle of conduits, and therefore preventing cooling thereof.
  • the bypass conduit has a large diameter, even if it is immersed in the second fluid or coolant, the ratio between the volume of circulating second fluid and the exchange surface with respect to said second fluid is high, so heat transfer is small, and although cooling occurs, the cost reduction resulting from the incomplete insulation of the bypass conduit can be justified considering the small heat transfer that has been indicated.
  • the bypass conduit has a diameter that is much larger than the diameter of the conduits of the bundle of conduits, such that the ratio between the exchange surface and the flow is much lower in this case, giving rise to a much lower degree of heat transfer. Diverting gas flow through the bypass conduit involves drastically reducing the heat removed from the gas flow.
  • the bypass conduit is located inside another conduit or tube having a larger diameter, leaving a chamber therein which drastically reduces the heat transfer capacity between the first fluid and the second fluid.
  • This fluid communication allows circulating the second fluid through the exchanger discharging, in the various embodiments, the heat provided by the first fluid.
  • the position in the shell of the fluid communication inlet and outlet for the second fluid is found at points located, according to the axial or longitudinal direction X-X', between the end baffles, i.e., the baffles between which the bundle of conduits and the bypass conduit extend.
  • the second fluid is thus circulated through the inside of the space located in the shell, outside of both the conduits of the bundle of conduits and the bypass conduit, and between the baffles.
  • the ends of the shell either incorporate manifolds configured as closure parts for closing the ends of the tubular shell which form a cavity, or they prolong the tubular body of the shell leaving a space to form an intermediate chamber.
  • the chamber is closed by an end cover. Both the closure parts and the covers are also stamped parts.
  • tubular sheet metal shell extends longitudinally beyond the second baffle giving rise to a chamber such that said chamber comprises a valve that can be actuated from outside the chamber and is adapted to at least close the bypass conduit, and where said valve comprises a shaft attached to the sheet metal shell and capable of rotating with respect to said shell, prolonging into the chamber where said shaft comprises a sheet metal flap adapted to sit on the perimetral edge of the end of the bypass conduit for closing same.
  • the tubular shell has one or more steps after which the tubular body has a larger diameter.
  • steps will also be identified in this description as expansions where the term expansion must be interpreted as a change in diameter.
  • the change in diameter being from larger to smaller or vice versa, from smaller to larger, depends on the chosen direction.
  • the use of the term expansion in reference to the step must be interpreted in the broadest sense indicated, i.e., a change in diameter that gives rise to a step formation.
  • diameter When the term diameter is used, it must be interpreted as a characteristic dimension, i.e., if the section is a circular section, it is clearly the diameter of the circumference and if the section is a square section or a section having any other configuration, it is possible to establish a dimension that considers the change of said section in the step formation.
  • this stepped shape is generated by stamping.
  • the step allows housing one of the baffles, determining the position of the baffle inside the shell. The position thereof will be described in later examples.
  • This solution is the preferred solution of the examples in which an intermediate chamber is defined from the baffle to the closure cover.
  • said one or more steps give rise to a smaller diameter of the tubular body.
  • the step allows quick assembly since it automatically establishes correct positioning of the parts that are fitted therein during assembly.
  • the tubular shell has the same diameter along its length, reducing shell manufacturing costs.
  • closure cover or manifold is primarily determined based on whether the stamping operation gives rise to a flat plate or whether the concavity generates an inner cavity, and therefore an intermediate chamber.
  • the closure cover, the manifold or both are the closure means for closing the ends of the tubular shell.
  • the valve is also primarily manufactured in sheet metal.
  • the base is configured in sheet metal with the curvature of the outer surface of the shell. This base is preferably attached to the shell by brazing. Other welding techniques such as laser welding are other possible modes of operation in each of the possible embodiments of the invention.
  • the support of the shaft of the valve emerges from the base, prolonging into the chamber.
  • the shaft is arranged in cantilever fashion, extending according to a transverse projection of the heat exchanger to one side of the end of the bypass conduit. The rotation of the shaft therefore gives rise to the movement of a flap integral with the shaft, such that in one of its positions, the flap sits on the perimetral edge of the end of the bypass conduit for closing same.
  • the shaft may not be arranged in cantilever fashion and may have a support capable of rotating with respect to two points of the shell such that the shaft extends into the chamber between both points, thereby increasing robustness. Additionally, the use of a cantilever configuration allows reducing the parameters involved in the correct position of the flap integral with the shaft, allowing better positioning with respect to the closure seat.
  • the use of the perimetral edge of the bypass conduit allows doing away with the machining of seats made of molten parts. Nevertheless, this perimetral edge could be formed by additional tubular bodies prolonging the bypass conduit according to a complex configuration of more than one part, for example the tubular body that serves as an insulator so that the bypass conduit does not transfer heat to the first fluid.
  • the flap of the valve is also obtained from stamped sheet metal, with a suitable convex surface so that said convex surface partially enters the bypass conduit, and where this convex shape provides greater stiffness to the flap.
  • the present invention is a device for heat exchange between a first fluid and a second fluid.
  • the embodiments show three EGR exchangers, where the first fluid is the recirculated gas which is cooled by transferring heat to a second fluid which is a coolant in the three examples.
  • the heat exchanger has a bypass conduit as well as a closure valve for closing the bypass conduit.
  • the components of the heat exchanger and most of the components of the valve are made of sheet metal formed by stamping.
  • Figure 1 shows a first embodiment which does not form part of the invention, having a simple construction.
  • the main body of the heat exchanger is formed by a sheet metal shell (1) having a tubular configuration.
  • the sheet metal shell (1) has an expansion step (1.1) at one of its ends, the end shown to the right of the drawing, giving rise to an end portion having a larger diameter.
  • This step (1.1) defines an end portion having a larger diameter which establishes a chamber (C) when it is closed by means of a cover (9).
  • the opposite end of the sheet metal shell (1) also has a ring-shaped step (1.7) at the end.
  • a first sheet metal baffle (3) and a second sheet metal baffle (4) are housed in both the expansion step (1.1) and the ring-shaped step (1.7).
  • the first and second sheet metal baffles (3, 4) are configured according to a main flat plate with a perimetral edge generated by pressing, which gives rise to a cylindrical perimetral seat that fits in the inner wall of the sheet metal shell (1), being supported on the corresponding step (1.1, 1.7).
  • the flat area of the first and second sheet metal baffles (3, 4) show a perforation (3.1, 4.1) for a bypass conduit (5) and a plurality of perforations (3.2, 4.2) having a smaller diameter for each of the conduits of a bundle of conduits.
  • the conduits are tubes in this embodiment, they will be referred to as tubes of a bundle of tubes (2) hereinafter and for the examples described based on the drawings.
  • Both the bypass conduit (5) and the bundle of tubes (2) extend from the first baffle (3) to the second baffle (4), their ends being housed in the corresponding perforation (3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 4.2) .
  • Each end of each tube (2) and of the bypass conduit (5) is perimetrically attached to the also perimetral edge of the corresponding perforation (3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 4.2) by means of brazing.
  • the bundle of tubes (2) is housed inside the sheet metal shell (1), giving rise to the exchange surface between the gas to be cooled circulating through the inside of said bundle of tubes (2) and the coolant circulating through the intermediate space between the bundle of tubes (2) and the inner wall of the sheet metal shell (1).
  • bypass conduit (5) is also in contact with the coolant. Nevertheless, the bypass conduit (5) has a much larger diameter than the tubes of the bundle of tubes (2), such that the ratio between the exchange surface and the flow is much lower in this case, giving rise to a much lower degree of heat transfer. Diverting gas flow through the bypass conduit (5) involves drastically reducing the heat removed from the gas flow.
  • the bundle of tubes (2), the bypass conduit (5) and the main axis of the tubular body of the sheet metal shell (1) extend in the same direction referred to as the axial or longitudinal direction X-X' .
  • the inside of the sheet metal shell (1) located between the first baffle (3) and the second baffle (4) according to longitudinal direction X-X' is the portion containing the coolant.
  • the fluid communication inlet (1.4) for the coolant is located close to the second baffle (4), and the fluid communication outlet (1.5) for the coolant is located close to the first baffle (3).
  • the inlet and the outlet (1.4, 1.5) are interchangeable.
  • both fluid communication inlet and outlet (1.4, 1.5) for the coolant are concealed by the sheet metal shell (1), only a small portion of the inlet (1.4) being seen through the right end of the sheet metal shell (1) where the chamber (C) is located.
  • the exploded perspective view shows the inlet (1.4) through the visual access allowed by the chamber (C), this chamber (C) is not in fluid communication with the inlet (1.4).
  • the end of the heat exchanger arranged on the side opposite the chamber (C) is closed by a manifold (10), which is stamped in sheet metal in this embodiment.
  • the manifold (10) forms a chamber that receives or distributes, according to whether the exchanger operates in a cocurrent or countercurrent mode, the exhaust gas circulating through the tubes of the bundle of tubes (2) or the bypass conduit (5).
  • the manifold (10) has a first fluid communication inlet/outlet (10.1) communicated with the engine exhaust system.
  • a second fluid communication inlet/outlet (1.6) for the exhaust gas is located laterally at the other end of the sheet metal shell (1), giving rise to the flow of said exhaust gas through the heat exchanger.
  • Both the tubes of the bundle of tubes (2) and the bypass conduit (5) open into the chamber (C) at the end of the heat exchanger arranged on the side of the chamber (C).
  • the chamber (C) is defined according to longitudinal direction X-X' between the second baffle (4) and the cover (9) located at the end of the sheet metal shell (1).
  • the heat exchanger transfers heat from the gas to the coolant through the bundle of tubes (2).
  • a valve closes the bypass conduit (5) so that the flow between the chamber (C) and the manifold (10) located at the end opposite completely goes through the bundle of tubes (2) and not through the bypass conduit (5).
  • valve of this embodiment not forming part of the invention is formed by an actuator, not shown in this Figure 1 , acting on a connecting rod (6.3) transforming axial movement of the actuator into rotational movement about the rotating shaft (6) where the connecting rod (6.3) is assembled.
  • the rotating shaft (6) is housed in a support (8) that retains said shaft axially but allows its rotational movement.
  • This support (8) is attached to a base (7) which in this embodiment is formed by a sheet metal portion curved according to a cylindrical sector, adapted to be supported on the surface of the sheet metal shell (1) of the exchanger.
  • the attachment of the shaft (6) to the sheet metal shell (1) maintaining the rotation, the primary degree of freedom allowed to the shaft (6) is carried out in this embodiment by means of the interposition of a support (8) which is in turn attached to the base (7).
  • a support (8) which is in turn attached to the base (7).
  • the support (8) can be directly welded onto the sheet metal shell (1) or be attached to a base (7) which is in turn attached to the shell (1).
  • the presence of the base (7) allows increasing stiffness of the attachment and also allows incorporating extensions offering a fixing seat to the actuator, for example.
  • the rotating shaft (6) extends from the outside, where it is linked to the connecting rod (6.3), to the inside of the chamber (C) going through a perforation (1.2) for the passage of the rotating shaft (6), where it is prolonged a specific distance in cantilever fashion.
  • the geometric axis of said rotating shaft (6) is located transverse to the bypass conduit (5) and spaced from said conduit (5).
  • the described valve allows closing the bypass conduit (5) so that gas flow goes through the bundle of tubes (2) completely.
  • the opening of the bypass valve leaves the bypass conduit (5) open but does not prevent passage through the bundle of tubes (2).
  • the smaller diameter of the tubes of the bundle of tubes (2) confers greater resistance against passage than the bypass conduit (5) does and therefore favors passage to a greater extent through the bypass conduit (5).
  • passage of a large portion of the flow through the bypass conduit (5) which has a much lower degree of heat transfer than the bundle of tubes (2), gives rise to less cooling of the gas.
  • Figure 5 shows a second embodiment of the invention according to an exploded perspective view where most of the components are common components with respect to the first embodiment, therefore only the differences shown in this second example with respect to the first embodiment are addressed in this description.
  • the second fluid communication inlet/outlet for the gas in this embodiment is located in the cover (9), this fluid communication inlet/outlet (9.1) being arranged in the center of said cover (9).
  • this embodiment it is possible to completely close the bypass conduit (5) so that the flow goes through the bundle of tubes (2) as well as the passage through the bundle of tubes (2) so that the flow goes through the bypass conduit (5) completely.
  • the possibility of completely closing the passage of flow through the bundle of tubes (2) allows reducing minimum cooling of the device to a greater extent, for example, for applications during engine startup when it is cold.
  • the device incorporates a stamped sheet metal part (11) housed in the chamber (C).
  • This stamped part (11) is formed by a metal sheet perimetrically fitted to the inner wall of the chamber (C), in this case coinciding with the inner wall of the portion of sheet metal shell (1) closing the chamber (C).
  • the part establishes a partition wall in the chamber (C) except for two openings, a first opening (11.1) and a second opening (11.2).
  • the partition wall in turn gives rise to two sub-chambers, an inner sub-chamber (Ci) located between the second baffle (4) and the stamped sheet metal part (11), and an outer sub-chamber (Co) located between the stamped sheet metal part (11) and the cover (9) .
  • the first opening (11.1) establishes the passage from the side where the valve is located and the side where access to the tubes of the bundle of tubes (2) is located.
  • This first opening (11.1) has a tube end-shaped termination, such that its perimetral edge establishes a seat for a flap (6.2) .
  • the final tube end shape is configured by stamping.
  • the second opening (11.2) is also tube end-shaped and receives the end of the bypass conduit (5).
  • the bypass conduit (5) is prolonged beyond the second baffle (4) until reaching the stamped sheet metal part (11). Therefore, the inside of the bypass conduit (5) and the inner sub-chamber (Ci) are not in fluid communication.
  • the bypass conduit (5) is internally housed in the second opening (11.2) until going beyond same such that the perimetral edge of its end continues to be the seat for the flap (6.1) of the valve.
  • first flap closing the passage through the bypass conduit (5) and a second flap (6.2) closing the passage through the bundle of tubes (2).
  • bypass conduit (5) is not prolonged beyond the second opening (11.2) of the stamped sheet metal part (11) but rather opens into said opening (11.2).
  • the seat of the first flap (6.1) is therefore located directly on the perimetral edge of the tube end-shaped second opening (11.2).
  • bypass conduit (5) in turn being formed by two tubes, an inner tube (5a) and an outer tube (5b).
  • the outer tube (5b) is in contact with the coolant.
  • the inner tube (5a) is where the gas flow circulates when the bypass conduit (5) is open. Given that there is a chamber or space between the inner tube (5a) and the outer tube (5b) having a larger diameter, a thermal barrier reducing the cooling of the gas going through the bypass conduit (5) is established.
  • the outer tube (5b) extends from the first baffle (3) to the second baffle (4), and the inner tube (5a) is prolonged until reaching the stamped sheet metal part (11).
  • the two ends of the outer tube (5b) are expanded to assure the attachment with the baffles (3, 4).
  • FIG. 7A and 7B shows both the structure of the bypass conduit (5), in turn formed by two tubes (5a, 5b), and the arrangement of the stamped sheet metal part (11) with its two openings (11.1, 11.2).
  • FIGS. 1-10 show the valve with two flaps (6.1, 6.2) formed from the same metal sheet by stamping.
  • the flaps (6.1, 6.2) are positioned 90 degrees with respect to one another about the same rotating shaft (6), such that a 90 degree rotation is established between two end positions; a first position closing the bypass conduit (5) and a second position closing the bundle of tubes (2) by means of closing the first opening (11.1).
  • the two flaps (6.1, 6.2) are independent from one another, both being attached to the rotating shaft (6).
  • the angle according to which the two flaps (6.1, 6.2) are positioned depends on the valve actuation system, and the rotation of the shaft between the two end positions will depend on the angle formed between both (6.1, 6.2). Said angle usually depends on the actuation mechanism and its travel.
  • Figure 6 shows a perspective view where only the parts associated with the valve are shown in an exploded view.
  • the rotating shaft (6) with the two flaps (6.1, 6.2) attached to said rotating shaft (6) is shown in the intermediate assembly position.
  • the rotating shaft (6) is installed through the inside of the chamber (C) once all the parts are brazed, particularly the stamped sheet metal part (11) shown towards the back of the outer chamber (Co).
  • the rotating shaft (6) is introduced in the outer sub-chamber (Co), and goes through the perforation (1.2) until it is attached to the support (8) of the rotating shaft (6).
  • the rotating shaft (6) is also arranged in cantilever fashion, like what has been described in the first embodiment.
  • Figures 8 and 9 show a third embodiment.
  • a structure such as that described in the second embodiment except for some dimensional changes and the differences highlighted below, is used.
  • the most significant difference between the third embodiment and the second embodiment is the substitution of the perforation (1.2) for the passage of the rotating shaft (6) with a groove (1.3) reaching the edge of the end of the sheet metal shell (1) where the chamber (C), also the outer chamber (Co) in this case, is located.
  • the groove (1.3) allows being able to assemble the rotating shaft (6) first on the support (8), this support (8) in turn being previously placed on the base (7), and to insert the entire assembly from the front.
  • the assembly of the rotating shaft (6) previously located on the support (8) and the base (7) is carried out by introducing the rotating shaft (6) through the groove (1.3) until it reaches its final position.
  • the base (7) is welded onto the sheet metal shell (1) in this position.
  • the configuration according to this embodiment allows positioning the rotating shaft (6) so that the seat or seats of the flaps (6.1, 6.2) is correct and welding the base (7) in this position once said shaft is positioned.
  • Openings (11.1, 11.2) and flaps (6.1, 6.2) with an elongated shape instead of a circular shape have been configured in the third embodiment only as a constructive detail.
  • This embodiment shows both the linear actuator (13) and the actuation rod (12) reaching the connecting rod (6.3) which are not shown in the graphical depictions of other embodiments.
  • the second fluid communication inlet/outlet (1.6) is again placed in the wall of the sheet metal shell (1) as described in the first embodiment.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Mechanically-Actuated Valves (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Dispositif d'échange de chaleur pour l'échange de chaleur entre un premier fluide, de préférence un gaz à refroidir, circulant à travers un premier conduit ; et un second fluide, de préférence un réfrigérant, circulant à travers un second conduit, où ledit dispositif est prévu pour être intercalé entre les deux conduits et comprend :
    - une coque en tôle (1) ayant une configuration tubulaire,
    - un premier déflecteur en tôle (3) et un second déflecteur en tôle (4) assemblés dans la coque en tôle (1) et espacés l'un de l'autre,
    - un groupe de conduits (2) s'étendant le long d'une direction longitudinale X-X' au moins du premier déflecteur (3) au second déflecteur (4),
    - un conduit de dérivation (5) s'étendant au moins du premier déflecteur (3) au second déflecteur (4) et il est parallèle au groupe de conduits (2),
    - une entrée de communication de fluide et une sortie de communication de fluide (1.4, 1.5) pour le second fluide, toutes deux agencées dans la coque en tôle (1) et donnant l'accès à l'espace situé entre le premier déflecteur (3) et le second déflecteur (4) pour refroidir le groupe de conduits (2),
    - une première entrée/sortie de communication de fluide (10.1) agencée au niveau de l'une des extrémités du groupe de conduits (2) et du conduit de dérivation (5) et une seconde entrée/sortie de communication de fluide (1.6, 9.1) agencée au niveau de l'extrémité opposée du groupe de conduits (2) et du conduit de dérivation (5), les deux entrées/sorties de communication de fluide (10.1, 1.6, 9.1) donnant accès au premier fluide à travers le groupe de conduits (2), à travers le conduit de dérivation (5) ou à travers les deux (2, 5),
    où la coque en tôle tubulaire (1) s'étend longitudinalement au-delà du second déflecteur (4) donnant lieu à une chambre (C) de sorte que ladite chambre (C) comprend une valve qui peut être actionnée depuis l'extérieur de la chambre (C) et est adaptée pour au moins fermer le conduit de dérivation (5), et où ladite valve comprend un arbre (6) fixé à la coque en tôle (1) et pouvant tourner par rapport à ladite coque, se prolongeant dans la chambre (C) où ledit arbre (6) comprend un rabat en tôle (6.1) adapté pour s'installer sur le bord périmétral de l'extrémité du conduit de dérivation (5) pour fermer ce dernier, et
    caractérisé en ce que :
    la chambre (C) comprend une partie en tôle emboutie (11) divisant la chambre (C) en une sous-chambre interne (Ci) en communication avec l'intérieur des tubes du groupe de conduits (2) et une sous-chambre externe (Co), et où ladite partie en tôle emboutie (11) comprend une première ouverture (11.1) et une seconde ouverture (11.2) de sorte que :
    - la partie en tôle emboutie (11) établit une fermeture périmétrale avec la coque (1),
    - la première ouverture (11.1) établit la communication de fluide entre la sous-chambre interne (Ci) et la sous-chambre externe (Co),
    - le second conduit (11.2) entoure, de manière périmétrale, le conduit de dérivation (5) ; et
    - la seconde entrée/sortie de communication de fluide (1.6, 9.1) est en communication directe avec la sous-chambre externe (Co) ;
    et dans lequel il est possible de fermer complètement le conduit de dérivation (5) de sorte que l'écoulement traverse le groupe de conduits (2), ainsi que fermer complètement le passage à travers le groupe de tubes (2) de sorte que l'écoulement traverse le conduit de dérivation (5) complètement.
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'arbre (6) est fixé à la coque en tôle (1) au moyen de l'interposition d'un support (8) avec l'arbre (6) traversant ce dernier, de sorte que ledit support (8) est solidaire avec la coque en tôle (1) et où le support (8) permet la rotation de l'arbre (6).
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, dans lequel le support (8) est solidaire avec la coque en tôle (1) au moyen de l'interposition d'une base (7) de sorte que la base (7) est fixée sur la coque en tôle (1) et le support (8) de l'arbre (6) est agencé sur la base (7).
  4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, dans lequel une extension de la base (7) est le support d'un actionneur (13) pour actionner l'arbre (6).
  5. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel la coque en tôle (1) ayant une configuration tubulaire représente un gradin d'expansion (1.1) prévu pour loger le second déflecteur en tôle (4).
  6. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le conduit de dérivation (5) comprend un premier tube externe (5b) et un second tube interne (5a) formant entre eux une chambre d'isolation thermique.
  7. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la chambre (C) est fermée au moyen d'un couvercle en tôle (9).
  8. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la première ouverture (11.1) et la seconde ouverture (11.2) de la partie en tôle emboutie (11) comprennent un siège de valve.
  9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, dans lequel le siège de la seconde ouverture (11.2) est :
    - dans une terminaison en forme d'extrémité de tube de ladite seconde ouverture (11.2) ;
    - ou bien sur le bord périmétral de l'extrémité du conduit de dérivation (5) où ce conduit de dérivation (5) dépasse axialement la position de ladite seconde ouverture (11.2) .
  10. Dispositif selon la revendication 8 ou 9, dans lequel l'arbre (6) de la valve comprend un second rabat (6.2) de sorte que :
    - le premier rabat (6.1) est adapté pour se fermer sur le siège de la seconde ouverture (11.2),
    - le second rabat (6.2) est adapté pour se fermer sur le siège de la première ouverture (11.1) de la partie en tôle emboutie (11) ; et
    - où le premier rabat (6.1) et le second rabat (6.2) sont configurés pour adopter au moins les deux positions d'extrémité, une première position d'extrémité où le premier rabat (6.1) établit la fermeture du conduit de dérivation (5) dans une première position angulaire de l'arbre (6) ; et une seconde position d'extrémité dans laquelle le second rabat (6.2) établit la fermeture de la seconde ouverture (11.2) dans une seconde position angulaire du même arbre (6).
  11. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le rabat ou les rabats (6.1, 6.2) ont une protubérance concave (6.1.1) adaptée pour entrer dans la cavité sur laquelle le siège dudit rabat est positionné pour le rendre rigide en cas de changements de température.
  12. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes et en particulier selon la revendication 2, dans lequel la coque en tôle (1) comprend une perforation (1.2) pour le passage de l'arbre rotatif (6) et où le support (8) de l'arbre (6) et ledit arbre (6) sont adaptés pour permettre le couplage mutuel en insérant l'arbre (6) depuis l'intérieur de la chambre (C) à travers la perforation (1.2).
  13. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12 et en particulier selon les revendications 2 et 3, dans lequel la coque en tôle (1) comprend une rainure ouverte (1.3) pour le passage de l'arbre rotatif (6) s'étendant vers l'extrémité où la chambre (C) est positionnée, et où ladite rainure est configurée de sorte que l'ensemble formé par le support (8) de l'arbre (6) et ledit arbre (6) ainsi que la base (7), permet l'insertion de l'arbre (6) à travers la rainure ouverte (1.3) dans la position finale de la base (7) sur la coque en tôle (1).
EP14382172.6A 2014-05-16 2014-05-16 Dispositif d'échange de chaleur Not-in-force EP2944913B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14382172.6A EP2944913B1 (fr) 2014-05-16 2014-05-16 Dispositif d'échange de chaleur
KR1020150067574A KR20150132008A (ko) 2014-05-16 2015-05-14 열교환 장치
CN201510249292.7A CN105089860A (zh) 2014-05-16 2015-05-15 用于热交换的装置
US14/713,494 US20150330712A1 (en) 2014-05-16 2015-05-15 Device for heat exchange

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14382172.6A EP2944913B1 (fr) 2014-05-16 2014-05-16 Dispositif d'échange de chaleur

Publications (2)

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EP2944913A1 EP2944913A1 (fr) 2015-11-18
EP2944913B1 true EP2944913B1 (fr) 2018-09-05

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US (1) US20150330712A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2944913B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20150132008A (fr)
CN (1) CN105089860A (fr)

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EP3828406A1 (fr) * 2019-11-29 2021-06-02 Borgwarner Emissions Systems Spain, S.L.U. Dispositif d'échangeur de chaleur pour systèmes egr
CN113008053A (zh) * 2019-12-20 2021-06-22 开利公司 壳管式换热器及空气调节系统
CN112815727B (zh) * 2021-01-15 2022-09-06 湖南志荣锑业集团有限公司 一种金属冶炼余热回收装置及其余热回收方法

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EP2312252B1 (fr) * 2009-10-07 2013-03-20 Lurgi GmbH Caisson de refroidissement et procédé de refroidissement de gaz de synthèse
US8424296B2 (en) * 2010-06-11 2013-04-23 Dana Canada Corporation Annular heat exchanger
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KR20150132008A (ko) 2015-11-25
CN105089860A (zh) 2015-11-25
EP2944913A1 (fr) 2015-11-18
US20150330712A1 (en) 2015-11-19

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