EP3208532B1 - Fiche pour une enveloppe à 3 dimensions - Google Patents

Fiche pour une enveloppe à 3 dimensions Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3208532B1
EP3208532B1 EP17157427.0A EP17157427A EP3208532B1 EP 3208532 B1 EP3208532 B1 EP 3208532B1 EP 17157427 A EP17157427 A EP 17157427A EP 3208532 B1 EP3208532 B1 EP 3208532B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plug
envelope
plug part
parts
opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17157427.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3208532A1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Dobler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP3208532A1 publication Critical patent/EP3208532A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3208532B1 publication Critical patent/EP3208532B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21VFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V1/00Shades for light sources, i.e. lampshades for table, floor, wall or ceiling lamps
    • F21V1/02Frames
    • F21V1/06Frames foldable or collapsible
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21VFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V1/00Shades for light sources, i.e. lampshades for table, floor, wall or ceiling lamps
    • F21V1/14Covers for frames; Frameless shades
    • F21V1/146Frameless shades
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21VFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V1/00Shades for light sources, i.e. lampshades for table, floor, wall or ceiling lamps
    • F21V1/26Manufacturing shades
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21VFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V1/00Shades for light sources, i.e. lampshades for table, floor, wall or ceiling lamps
    • F21V1/14Covers for frames; Frameless shades
    • F21V1/16Covers for frames; Frameless shades characterised by the material
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21VFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V1/00Shades for light sources, i.e. lampshades for table, floor, wall or ceiling lamps
    • F21V1/14Covers for frames; Frameless shades
    • F21V1/16Covers for frames; Frameless shades characterised by the material
    • F21V1/18Covers for frames; Frameless shades characterised by the material the material being paper
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21VFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V1/00Shades for light sources, i.e. lampshades for table, floor, wall or ceiling lamps
    • F21V1/14Covers for frames; Frameless shades
    • F21V1/16Covers for frames; Frameless shades characterised by the material
    • F21V1/20Covers for frames; Frameless shades characterised by the material the material being glass
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21VFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V1/00Shades for light sources, i.e. lampshades for table, floor, wall or ceiling lamps
    • F21V1/14Covers for frames; Frameless shades
    • F21V1/16Covers for frames; Frameless shades characterised by the material
    • F21V1/22Covers for frames; Frameless shades characterised by the material the material being plastics
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21VFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V1/00Shades for light sources, i.e. lampshades for table, floor, wall or ceiling lamps
    • F21V1/14Covers for frames; Frameless shades
    • F21V1/16Covers for frames; Frameless shades characterised by the material
    • F21V1/24Covers for frames; Frameless shades characterised by the material the material being metal

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cover with a plug-in part, in particular for a lampshade, and a plug-in system for such a cover.
  • a plug-in part for a plug-in system which is designed as a flat element with recesses, is, for example, from US 2002/078653 A1 known.
  • Such a plug-in part comprises recesses on the side edges, by means of which several identical plug-in parts are pushed into one another, so that the respective recesses snap into one another when they overlap and interlock, thereby forming a bond that is inherently stable and only through external forces is solvable.
  • the invention is based on the object of providing an improved 3-dimensional casing.
  • the invention is based on a 3-dimensional casing, in particular for a lampshade, the 3-dimensional casing consisting of several plug-in parts, with a plug-in part having a plug-in opening and a plug-in projection comprises, and wherein the plug-in part is designed like a plate in a basic state.
  • the 3-dimensional envelope is, for example, a hollow body.
  • the plug-in projection is designed to protrude from an edge region of a base surface of the plug-in part, the plug-in part being designed to be flexible, with a plug-in projection of a first plug-in part on a plug-in opening of a second plug-in part to form the 3-dimensional Enclosure attacks, wherein the plug-in part is in the assembled state on the 3-dimensional envelope in a functional state in which the plug-in part has a body tension, and the plug-in parts are designed in such a way that they, due to their body tension, in the assembled state of the 3- dimensional envelope are kept.
  • a 3-dimensional envelope can be formed solely by means of the plug-in parts.
  • no further connecting elements such as glue, rivets and / or screws are necessary.
  • the 3-dimensional casing is designed from an aesthetic and / or design-oriented point of view.
  • the plug-in opening advantageously has a continuous border, for example the plug-in opening is an eyelet or a hole.
  • the plug-in opening is shaped as a slot, a gap or a cutout.
  • the plug-in opening is formed as a recess in a base surface of the plug-in part and / or is configured as an area on the base surface of the plug-in part with a comparatively high coefficient of friction. If the plug-in part comprises more than one plug-in opening, these are advantageously arranged on an edge region of the plug-in part, distributed in a grid and / or formed symmetrically or uniformly distributed around a central point of the base area of the plug-in part.
  • two plug-in projections are formed opposite one another on an outer edge area of the base of the plug-in part.
  • several plug-in projections are arranged distributed uniformly, in particular symmetrically, around a central point of a base area of the plug-in part.
  • the plug-in part is designed in such a way that a fitter can bend the plug-in part from its basic state into the functional state, in particular without tools.
  • the plug-in part can be bent from the basic state into the functional state in a direction perpendicular to the base area of the plug-in part.
  • the plug-in part is advantageously flexible in a single direction.
  • the plug-in part is elastically bendable in one direction and, in particular, is designed to be comparatively rigid in a direction perpendicular thereto.
  • the plug-in part is designed to be comparatively rigid and / or stable in directions perpendicular to the bending direction of the functional state.
  • the plug-in part can be made of wood, plastic, metal, glass, fabric, paper or a combination of the materials.
  • a base area of the plug-in part comprises, for example, optically relevant patterns or functions which advantageously improve the plug-in part when it is used as part of a lampshade, for example openings and / or prisms and / or Lenses.
  • a base area of the plug-in part can also be designed to be reflective or mirror-like.
  • the plug-in parts are held on the casing exclusively by the internal stress or body tension of the plug-in parts and by the interaction, in particular the friction, between the plug-in projection of a first plug-in part and the plug-in opening of a second plug-in part.
  • the plug-in projection has a surface with a comparatively high coefficient of friction.
  • the plug-in opening has a surface with a comparatively high coefficient of friction.
  • the continuous border of the plug-in opening advantageously has a comparatively high coefficient of friction on its surface.
  • the high coefficient of friction is generated by a rubber coating and / or surface structure.
  • the interaction, in particular static friction, between the plug-in projection and the plug-in opening is improved by the high coefficient of friction of the surfaces.
  • a first plug-in projection of a first plug-in part interacts with a first plug-in opening of a second plug-in part.
  • a second plug-in projection of the first plug-in part advantageously acts with a second plug-in opening of the second Plug-in part together.
  • the first plug-in part is shaped, for example, in the shape of a plate and / or cuboid and has the first and second plug-in protrusions on a narrow side surface.
  • the second plug-in part is also cuboid, advantageously identical to the first plug-in part, and comprises the first and second plug-in openings in a region on a narrow side surface. If the first and the second plug-in part are identical, for example the plug-in projections are arranged in a region on the same narrow side surface as the plug-in openings.
  • a single plug-in projection of a first plug-in part interacts with a single plug-in opening of a second plug-in part.
  • a first plug-in part with a second plug-in part is held in the functional state on the casing exclusively due to frictional forces, for example due to static friction, between a first plug-in projection of the first plug-in part and a first plug-in opening of the second plug-in part.
  • the two plug-in parts are not held together by a form-fitting connection or adhesive, such as adhesive, on the cover, but exclusively by frictional forces, which are generated by the fact that, due to the inherent stress of the first plug-in part in the functional state on the cover, this with its plug-in projection against the plug-in opening of the second plug-in part is pressed or pressed.
  • the plug-in opening of the second plug-in part can for example be designed as a flat surface against that of the plug-in projection of the first plug-in part with a force which has a direction of force perpendicular to the flat surface of the plug-in opening of the second Male part includes, is pressed. This force generates friction between the plug-in opening and the plug-in projection, which is designed such that the first and second plug-in parts remain in their functional states on the casing.
  • the plug-in projection is designed in the shape of a hook.
  • a first plug-in part with a second plug-in part is held in the functional state on the casing due to a hooking connection of a first plug-in projection of the first plug-in part with a first plug-in opening of the second plug-in part.
  • a plug-in opening is arranged in an area between two plug-in projections on the plug-in part.
  • a plug-in opening is arranged in a region along an outside between two plug-in projections on the plug-in part.
  • two plug-in openings are formed in an area between two plug-in projections on the plug-in part, with one plug-in opening and one plug-in projection each being arranged in pairs on a corner area of the plug-in part, for example.
  • a plug-in part comprises exactly four plug-in openings and exactly four plug-in projections.
  • the plug-in part is shaped as a rectangular plate-shaped element and a plug-in opening and a plug-in projection are each formed on a corner area of the plate-shaped element. It is also advantageous that in each case two plug-in projections are arranged protruding in the same direction on an edge region of a first side of the base surface of the plug-in part and the remaining 2 plug-in projections are arranged projecting mirror-symmetrically on a side opposite the first side of the base surface.
  • a spatial distance between two plug-in openings is greater in the basic state of the plug-in part than in the curved functional state of the plug-in part.
  • the distance between two plug-in projections of a first plug-in part can in the basic state be smaller than the distance between the two plug-in openings of a second plug-in part be in the ground state.
  • the two plug-in projections of the first plug-in part interact with the two plug-in openings of the second plug-in part in the assembled state of the casing.
  • the distance between the plug-in openings is, for example, equal to the distance between the two plug-in projections of the first plug-in part.
  • two oppositely arranged plug-in parts viewed in a cross-section through the cover, perpendicular to the base of the plug-in parts or along the bending axis of the plug-in parts, can form arcs of the same circle, with a center of a circle that falls on a center of the cover .
  • the casing according to the invention advantageously comprises several plug-in parts.
  • the cover can be used as a packaging cover for higher-quality, aesthetically demanding or design-oriented products, e.g. as packaging for perfumes or watches. It has proven to be advantageous that the casing is formed exclusively by plug-in parts according to the invention and is designed as a 3-dimensional hollow body.
  • the plug-in parts are held on the casing, for example, exclusively by the intrinsic stress of the plug-in parts and the interaction of the plug-in projection and the plug-in opening.
  • the casing comprises exactly 6 plug-in parts.
  • a plug-in part couples and / or interacts with four other plug-in parts on the casing.
  • all the plug-in parts are in a curved functional state in the assembled state on the casing and each form a partial area of an outside of the casing.
  • a plug-in part 1 comprises four hook-like plug-in projections 2-5 and four plug-in openings 6-9.
  • the plug-in part 1 is shaped as a rectangular, plate-shaped or shingle-like element.
  • the plug-in projections 2-5 are each formed on the four corner areas 15-18 of the plug-in part 1 and close off the short sides 10, 11 of the plug-in part 1 flush.
  • 2 plug-in openings 7, 8 or 6, 9 are arranged along a long side 12 or 13 of the plug-in part 1 between the plug-in projections 3, 4 or 2, 5.
  • the plug-in openings 6 - 9 are designed as continuous openings on a base surface 14 of the plug-in part 1.
  • the plug-in openings 6 - 9 are shaped like a slot so that a plug-in projection 2 - 5 of a first plug-in part 24 with a nose 19-22 can be inserted into the plug-in opening 6 - 9 of a second plug-in part 23 and this the second plug-in part 23 or the plug-in projections 2-5 of the second plug-in part 23 can reach behind on the rear side of the base area 14 (see also FIG Figure 3 ).
  • the distance between the plug-in openings 6, 9 or 7, 8 arranged in pairs along the long side 12 or 13 is, for example, greater than or equal to the length of the short side 10, 11 of the plug-in part 1.
  • the hook-like plug-in projection 2-5 is designed in such a way that it protrudes on the long sides 12, 13 of the plug-in part, but does not protrude beyond the six base surfaces of the plug-in part 1.
  • the plug-in part 1 comprises an indentation along the long sides 12, 13 behind the lugs 19-22, so that a lug 19-22 can be pushed through a plug-in opening in the assembled state on the casing and engages behind the plug-in opening.
  • a casing 29 according to the invention is formed, for example, from six plug-in parts 23 - 28 ( Figure 3 , 5 ).
  • the envelope 29 is designed as a hollow body and is formed exclusively from plug-in parts 23-28. All plug-in parts 23-28 are located on the sheath 29 in a functional state that is bent about an axis in each case, which runs perpendicular to their long sides and have a body stress or internal stress.
  • a plug-in part 23 couples with 2 plug-in openings each of two further plug-in parts 25, 27. Furthermore, 2 plug-in openings of the first plug-in part 23 each couple with 2 plug-in projections of two further plug-in parts 24, 26. As a result, a plug-in part 23 stands on the sheath 29 with four further plug-in parts 24-27 in a coupling connection.
  • a plug-in part 23 presses due to its inherent stress with an upper side 30 of its plug-in projection 31 against an inside 32 of a plug-in opening 33 of the adjacent plug-in part 25 of the further plug-in projection-plug-in opening connections, the plug-in parts 23-28 for example, are held in their functional state on the casing 29 ( Figure 4 ).
  • Figure 6 branches another schematically illustrated variant of a plug-in part 34 according to the invention with curved and / or curved narrow side surfaces 35-38 and, for example, tapering plug-in projections 39-42.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Connector Housings Or Holding Contact Members (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Emballage tridimensionnel (29) comprenant exactement six parties d'enfichage (1, 23 à 28, 34), chaque partie d'enfichage (1, 23 à 28, 34) se présentant sous la forme d'une plaque dans un état de base, la partie d'enfichage (1, 23 à 28, 34) comprenant exactement quatre ouvertures d'enfichage (6 à 9, 33) et exactement quatre saillies d'enfichage (2 à 5, 31, 39 à 42), les saillies d'enfichage (2 à 5, 31, 39 à 42) faisant saillie au niveau d'une région de bord (10 à 13) d'une zone de base (14) de la partie d'enfichage (1, 23 à 28, 34), la partie d'enfichage (1, 23 à 28, 34) étant conçue pour être flexible,
    caractérisé en ce que
    une saillie d'enfichage (2 à 5, 31, 39 à 42) d'une première partie d'enfichage (1, 23 à 28, 34) s'engage avec une ouverture d'enfichage (6 à 9, 33) d'une deuxième partie d'enfichage (1, 23 à 28) pour former l'emballage tridimensionnel, la partie d'enfichage (1, 23 à 28, 34) se trouvant à l'état monté au niveau de l'emballage tridimensionnel (29) dans un état fonctionnel plié dans lequel la partie d'enfichage (1, 23 à 28, 34) présente une tension corporelle, et la partie d'enfichage (1, 23 à 28, 34) étant conçue de façon à être maintenue, en raison de sa tension corporelle, dans l'état monté de l'emballage tridimensionnel (29).
  2. Emballage (29) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une saillie d'enfichage (2 à 5, 31, 39 à 42) comporte une surface (30) à coefficient de frottement comparativement élevé.
  3. Emballage (29) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une ouverture d'enfichage (6 à 9, 33) comporte une surface (32) à coefficient de frottement comparativement élevé.
  4. Emballage (29) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une première partie d'enfichage (1, 23 à 28, 34) est maintenue avec une deuxième partie d'enfichage (1, 23 à 28, 34) à l'état fonctionnel au niveau de l'emballage (29) exclusivement en raison de forces de frottement entre une première saillie d'enfichage (2 à 5, 31, 39 à 42) de la première partie d'enfichage (1, 23 à 28, 34) et une première ouverture d'enfichage (6 à 9, 33) de la deuxième partie d'enfichage (1, 23 à 28, 34).
  5. Emballage (29) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une saillie d'enfichage (2 à 5, 31, 39 à 42) est en forme de crochet.
  6. Emballage (29) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une première partie d'enfichage (1, 23 à 28, 34) est maintenue avec une deuxième partie d'enfichage (1, 23 à 28, 34) dans l'état fonctionnel au niveau de l'emballage (29) en raison d'une liaison par crochet entre une première saillie d'enfichage (2 à 5, 31, 39 à 42) de la première partie d'enfichage (1, 23 à 28, 34) et une première ouverture d'enfichage (6 à 9, 33) de la deuxième partie d'enfichage (1, 23 à 28, 34).
  7. Emballage (29) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une ouverture d'enfichage (6 à 9, 33) est ménagée au niveau de la partie d'enfichage (1, 23 à 28, 34) dans une région située entre deux saillies d'enfichage (2 à 5, 31, 39 à 42) .
  8. Emballage (29) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une distance spatiale entre deux ouvertures d'enfichage (6 à 9, 33) est plus grande dans l'état de base de la partie d'enfichage (1, 23 à 28, 34) que dans l'état fonctionnel plié de la partie d'enfichage (1, 23 à 28, 34).
  9. Emballage (29) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'emballage (29) est formé exclusivement par des parties d'enfichage (1, 23 à 28, 34) et est réalisé sous la forme d'un corps creux tridimensionnel.
  10. Emballage (29) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'emballage (29) comprend au moins 6 parties d'enfichage (1, 23 à 28, 34), en particulier exactement 6 parties d'enfichage (1, 23 à 28, 34).
  11. Emballage (29) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que toutes les parties d'enfichage (1, 23 à 28, 34) se trouvent à l'état monté au niveau de l'emballage (29) dans un état fonctionnel plié et forment chacune une sous-région d'un côté extérieur de l'emballage.
  12. Système d'enfichage comprenant une partie d'enfichage (1, 23 à 28, 34), caractérisé en ce qu'une pluralité de parties d'enfichage (1, 23 à 28, 34) du système d'enfichage forment un emballage (29) selon l'une des revendications précédentes.
EP17157427.0A 2016-02-22 2017-02-22 Fiche pour une enveloppe à 3 dimensions Active EP3208532B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016103006.6A DE102016103006A1 (de) 2016-02-22 2016-02-22 Steckteil für eine 3-dimensionale Umhüllung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3208532A1 EP3208532A1 (fr) 2017-08-23
EP3208532B1 true EP3208532B1 (fr) 2020-09-09

Family

ID=58266355

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17157427.0A Active EP3208532B1 (fr) 2016-02-22 2017-02-22 Fiche pour une enveloppe à 3 dimensions

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3208532B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102016103006A1 (fr)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160031592A1 (en) * 2014-07-29 2016-02-04 Roly Joe Holder Systems and methods for forming self-supporting three-dimensional structures

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2075259A (en) * 1936-02-13 1937-03-30 Harold A Battjes Toy construction card
FR1553682A (fr) * 1966-10-26 1969-01-17
US4976652A (en) * 1989-11-09 1990-12-11 Idan Schwartz Flat handcraft construction element with slot and opposed tabs
DE19847340C2 (de) * 1998-10-14 2001-09-27 Iwers Carsten Standleuchtenkörper und entsprechendes Herstellungsverfahren
US6684591B2 (en) * 2000-11-28 2004-02-03 Richard Jean Card like construction element
KR200404644Y1 (ko) * 2005-06-29 2005-12-27 이봉재 조립식 퍼즐 축구공에 있어서 퍼즐 연결구조
ES2437269B1 (es) * 2012-07-02 2014-10-14 Ricardo VERGÉS ESCUÍN Pieza laminar para montar poliedros, poliedro y procedimiento de montaje correspondientes
DE202012009895U1 (de) * 2012-10-17 2013-01-21 Petra Wüstling Faltbare Leuchte

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160031592A1 (en) * 2014-07-29 2016-02-04 Roly Joe Holder Systems and methods for forming self-supporting three-dimensional structures

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102016103006A1 (de) 2017-08-24
EP3208532A1 (fr) 2017-08-23

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