EP3311077A2 - Dispositif et procédé de climatisation d'un espace - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de climatisation d'un espace

Info

Publication number
EP3311077A2
EP3311077A2 EP16730411.2A EP16730411A EP3311077A2 EP 3311077 A2 EP3311077 A2 EP 3311077A2 EP 16730411 A EP16730411 A EP 16730411A EP 3311077 A2 EP3311077 A2 EP 3311077A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
surface element
heat sink
interface
heat
space
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16730411.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3311077B1 (fr
EP3311077C0 (fr
Inventor
Alexander Buff
Sophie Lierschof
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV filed Critical Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Publication of EP3311077A2 publication Critical patent/EP3311077A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3311077B1 publication Critical patent/EP3311077B1/fr
Publication of EP3311077C0 publication Critical patent/EP3311077C0/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0089—Systems using radiation from walls or panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/22—Means for preventing condensation or evacuating condensate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/22—Means for preventing condensation or evacuating condensate
    • F24F2013/221—Means for preventing condensation or evacuating condensate to avoid the formation of condensate, e.g. dew

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a method for air-conditioning a room, in which by means of at least one heat sink, which has at least one boundary surface facing the room, heat energy is taken up from the room.
  • the interface is on a
  • thermal component activation or cooling ceiling brought to a heat load reduced temperature.
  • Devices and methods of the type mentioned are also known under the terms thermal component activation or cooling ceiling.
  • this known device has the disadvantage that the interface, which has direct contact with the room air, can not be cooled below the limit temperature at which condensation begins. This limit temperature is higher, the higher the relative humidity. Thus, especially in humid tropical climates, only a relatively small temperature spread can be achieved without moisture precipitating on the thermally activated component and thus adversely affecting the room climate or causing structural damage. The effect of the known Device is therefore inadequate under hot and humid climatic conditions.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method and a device for room air conditioning, which on the one hand is energy efficient and on the other hand has a good cooling effect even in humid climatic conditions.
  • a device for air conditioning a room which has at least one heat sink.
  • the heat sink has at least one, the space facing interface.
  • the interface faces the room when heat radiation from at least one heat load in the room directly or via at least one interface
  • the heat sink may be part of a building, in particular a solid construction ceiling or wall.
  • the heat sink can be designed as a plate heat exchanger, capillary tube mat, cooling plate or radiator and be introduced as a separate component in the room.
  • the heat sink can be designed as a ceiling panel or as a wall panel.
  • the heat sink may be formed as a formative spatial element or part of the furniture and integrated, for example, in a lighting device or a piece of furniture.
  • the heat sink may be part of a vehicle, an aircraft or a ship, or as a separate one Component be mounted in the passenger compartment to improve the thermal comfort of the passengers.
  • the heat sink has at least one interface facing the room.
  • the interface may have a smooth or a rough surface to the absorption or
  • the interface may have a mineral surface, such as an interior plaster or a disperse paint coat.
  • the interface may include or consist of a metal or alloy. Due to the comparatively high thermal conductivity and / or high heat capacity, the performance of the device according to the invention can be increased. By a low heat capacity of the heat sink, the response of the device can be improved.
  • the interface may have an absorbing coating which is more than 90% or more than 95% at least in a partial region of the infrared spectral range.
  • an electroplated layer of black chrome or black nickel may be used.
  • a layer or a multi-layer layer system can be applied in a sputtering process, for example a titanium oxynitride coating or other ceramic
  • the boundary surface facing the room is brought to a temperature which is lower than the heat load.
  • a refrigerant may, for example, by means of a compression refrigeration machine or a
  • Heat pump are cooled, so that the heat sink heat is removed.
  • groundwater or surface water may be used to extract heat from the heat sink and reduce the temperature of the boundary water. to lower the area.
  • thermoelectric coolers can be used, for example Peltier elements.
  • the heat load can be selected from solar radiation, electrical or electronic devices or people in the room.
  • the infrared heat radiation emanating from the heat load is absorbed by the interface of the heat sink and removed from the space by the refrigerant or the heat carrier fluid.
  • the interface is at least partially permeable to heat radiation.
  • the surface element causes the ambient air of the room can no longer act directly on the interface. Therefore, the moisture present in the room is kept away from the interface so that it does not condense on the interface.
  • the interface can therefore be in
  • Operation of the device can be brought to a temperature below the dew point. As a result, the efficiency of the device is increased and yet avoided that
  • Moisture at the interface precipitates and contaminates the space, equipment or furnishings
  • Thermal radiation is electromagnetic radiation of the
  • the Term room temperature radiation can be used.
  • the heat radiation is efficiently absorbed by the heat sink, although the immediate action of the warm room air on the interface by the surface element is prevented or reduced.
  • the surface element at a wavelength between about 3 ⁇ and about 30 ⁇ or between about 6 ⁇ and about 20 ⁇ at least in a subregion transmission from about 50% to about 90% or from about 70% to about 80th % exhibit.
  • the surface element at a wavelength between about 6 ⁇ and about 20 ⁇
  • Said wavelength range contains a large part of the energy of the thermal radiation of a black body at about 300 K. If the cooling device according to the invention is to be used in a warmer climate, this wavelength range can be shifted. Similarly, shorter wavelengths can occur when the room
  • a transmission of about 50% to about 90% in at least a portion of said wavelength range ensures that a sufficient portion of the heat radiation reaches the interface of the heat sink and can be transported away from the room in this way.
  • the transparency and the associated low degree of absorption and emissivity of the fabric in the stated wavelength range of the material ensures that the fabric gives off little heat energy to the heat sink and thus does not cool down and thus does not fall below the dew point of the room air.
  • the fabric can be at least partially reflective in the visible spectral range and / or
  • the heat sink may include a tube register and / or a plate heat exchanger and / or a capillary tube mat. These can be flowed through by a refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant can be cooled by means of a compression refrigeration machine.
  • the refrigerant may undergo a phase transition.
  • the refrigerant may undergo a phase transition.
  • Heat sink so that the interface facing the room cools to a lower temperature than the room.
  • the surface element may be spaced from the interface such that a gap is formed between the surface element and the interface which is filled with air or optionally with an inert gas.
  • the protective gas can
  • the gap between the surface element and the interface may be evacuated. It is essential in some embodiments that the gap has only a low water vapor partial pressure, so that the condensation of moisture at the interface is avoided. As a result, the interface remains dry, so that the efficiency of the device does not decrease. Furthermore, the space-facing surface element is warmer than the boundary surface during operation of the device, since the gap of the insulation can serve, so that the space facing side of the surface element is not among the
  • the device may further comprise a dehumidifier, with which water is removable from the space between the surface element and the interface. In this way, water, which during operation of the device by the at least one surface element or the edge bond
  • the gap can be reliably kept free of water, so that the interface is free of condensate or condensate at least reduced and can be transported away from the interface. This allows trouble-free operation over a longer period of time.
  • Dehumidifying at least one sorbent and / or at least one micropump and / or at least one heater and / or at least one valve and / or at least one fan and / or a nonwoven contain or consist of.
  • moisture occurring in the space can be either chemically sorbed, for example by silica gel, zeolites or similar desiccants.
  • a micropump may be present
  • any occurring moisture and condensate is pumped out of the intermediate space.
  • the moisture can be expelled from a sorbent and / or the space can be heated dry by means of at least one heating device.
  • Embodiments of the Invention Valves may be present, either as spring-loaded check valves
  • Interspace be flushed by dry inert gas, which by the fan or other conveyor the gap is supplied and leaves through at least one valve.
  • the at least one surface element may include a polymer.
  • the polymer may be selected from polyethylene and / or polymethyl methacrylate and / or polyvinyl chloride and / or polypropylene and / or
  • Polyethylene terephthalate and / or polyester and / or biaxially oriented polyester film and / or cellulose acetate butyrate and / or cellulose acetate polymer have a high diffusion resistance to water vapor, so that only a small amount of moisture can penetrate into the gap.
  • these surface elements due to their breakage and safe as
  • Overhead glazing can be used when the heat sink is placed with the interface in the ceiling area.
  • the device may include one, two or three surface elements spaced from each other and to the interface
  • the at least one surface element and the heat sink may be bordered by an edge seal which contains at least one sealing element.
  • the sealing element may include or consist of polyisobutylene and / or silicone and / or butyl rubber.
  • Such edge bond can be made similar, as in known Isolierglasinrandfugen.
  • the at least one surface element and the heat sink may be bordered by an edge bond, which is carried out by thermal joining. This allows a rapid and cost-effective production and / or the edge bond can be made very dense.
  • the at least one surface element may be connected to a frame which is secured by mechanical or magnetic closure means on the heat sink and the other components of the
  • At least one sound absorber may be integrated in the device according to the invention, so that the device has both a
  • the invention in some embodiments of the invention, it relates to a method for heating a room, comprising at least one heat sink having at least one space facing interface, which is elevated to an elevated temperature in relation to an in-room heat sink, wherein at least between the interface and the space a surface element is arranged, which is at least partially permeable to heat radiation.
  • the heat sink can be operated in cooler weather with a warmer compared to the room temperature heat transfer fluid and thus provide a heater.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section through a first embodiment of the device according to the invention for air conditioning.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section through a second one
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross section through a third one
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section through a fourth
  • Figure 5 shows a cross section through a fifth
  • FIG. 6 shows a longitudinal section through the fifth
  • Figure 7 shows the operation of the fifth embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 8 shows the principal mode of action of the invention
  • Figure 9 shows a sixth embodiment of
  • FIG. 10 shows a seventh embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 11 shows an eighth embodiment of
  • FIG. 12 shows a ninth embodiment of the invention
  • Device for air conditioning in axonometric representation.
  • FIG. 13 shows the ninth embodiment of FIG
  • FIG. 14 shows a tenth embodiment of FIG
  • FIG. 15 shows an eleventh embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 16 shows a twelfth embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 17 shows an embodiment of a dehumidifying device in detail.
  • Figure 18 shows the application of the first embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG 19 shows the application of the second embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 20 shows the application of the ninth embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 21 shows the alternative application of the first or second embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 22 shows a tenth embodiment of the invention in cross section.
  • Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of the device 1 for air conditioning a room 2. Shown is a
  • the device 1 includes a heat sink 10 having at least one interface 100.
  • the heat sink 10 may include a high thermal conductivity material, such as a metal or alloy, particularly an aluminum or copper alloy.
  • the interface 100 may be provided with an infrared absorbing coating,
  • the absorption of the room temperature radiation can be increased thereby.
  • the surface 100 of the heat sink 10 opposite the interface 100 is provided with a thermal insulation 120.
  • the thermal insulation 120 may include or consist of a rigid foam or a vacuum insulation or a mineral wool.
  • the thermal insulation 120 may have a multilayer construction.
  • the heat sink 10 facing away from the thermal insulation 120 is covered with a stiffening element 12, which on the one hand a mechanical Stabilization of the device can cause and with free installation in the room also a decorative appearance
  • the stiffening element 12 can allow.
  • a plastic plate for example, a plastic plate, a sheet, a
  • Hardboard be a medium density fiberboard or other wood material.
  • the device with the back of the stiffening element 12 can be attached to a ceiling, for example by gluing or screwing, as will be explained with reference to Figure 18.
  • a pipe register 11 is present in the illustrated embodiment, which can be flowed through, for example, by water or another known refrigerant.
  • the heat sink is removed from the heat sink during operation by the pipe register, as will be explained in more detail with reference to FIG. 8.
  • the refrigerant is supplied to the pipe register 11 via a line 110.
  • the boundary surface 100 faces the space 2, so that heat radiation from the space 2 can reach the boundary surface 100 and be absorbed there.
  • heat radiation from the space 2 can reach the boundary surface 100 and be absorbed there.
  • each include a gap 310 and 320, which is either evacuated or contains a protective gas atmosphere.
  • the protective gas atmosphere is characterized by a small proportion of gaseous water or moisture, so that the moisture does not precipitate at the interface 100.
  • the surface elements 31 and 32 are at least partially in the infrared spectral range of Room temperature radiation transparent or translucent, so that the heat radiation from the space 2 penetrates through the surface elements 31 and 32 and can be absorbed by the interface 100. This allows the operation of the device, which, for example, as a cooling ceiling or
  • Wall element can be executed, even at high
  • the surface elements 31 and 32 may be made of glass or
  • a plastic element can be advantageously used due to the low weight and breaking strength.
  • a plastic element may consist of a
  • FIG. 1 further shows an edge bond 13, which receives the ends of the surface elements 31 and 32 and closes them in an approximately gas-tight manner, so that no moisture can penetrate from the surroundings at the edge into the first gap 310 and the second gap 320.
  • FIG. 1 also shows an optional dehumidifying device 4, which is integrated into the edge seal 13 and with which penetrating water can be removed from the gap 310 and 320.
  • a first valve 41 is assigned in the first space 310.
  • the second gap 320 is associated with a second valve 42.
  • the valves can as
  • valves 41 and 42 for pressure equalization be used when the pressure of the gas atmosphere in the first space 310 and the second space 320 decreases due to the cooling, so that the surface elements 31 and 32 always remain flat during operation.
  • the surface elements 31 and 32 may be stabilized in the operation of the device by an overpressure in the gaps 310 and 320.
  • FIG. 2 shows a heat sink 10, which may for example consist of a capillary tube made of a metal or an alloy. Also in this case, a tube register 11 is introduced in the heat sink 10, which can be flowed through by a heat transfer medium to dissipate heat from the heat sink 10.
  • the heat sink 10 has two interfaces 100 a and 100 b, which are arranged on opposite surfaces of the heat sink 10.
  • each three surface elements 31, 32 and 33 or 34, 35 and 36 are arranged.
  • Interspace 310 is arranged. Between the second surface element and the third surface element 33, a second intermediate space 320 is arranged. Finally, a third gap 330 is formed between the third surface element 33 and the first boundary surface 100a. On the opposite side of the heat sink 10 is a fourth surface element 34, so that between the second
  • a fourth gap 340 is formed. Adjacent to that fourth surface element 34 is a fifth surface element 35, so that both enclose a fifth intermediate space 350. Finally, a sixth surface element 36 is provided as the termination, which defines a sixth intermediate space 360 together with the fifth surface element 35.
  • the second embodiment can be attached suspended from a ceiling, so that heat radiation from both sides hits the heat sink 10.
  • the edge seal 13 has in the illustrated embodiment, a cavity 130 which can be provided with an optional sorbent 45 or a seal.
  • the sorbent 45 removes moisture ingress from the gaps 310, 320, 330, 340, 350 and 360.
  • At least one optional heating element 44 may be provided.
  • the heating element 44 can either as
  • Be executed pipe register which can be flowed through by a heat transfer medium.
  • a heat transfer medium For example, an oil or a heating water can be used for this purpose.
  • the heating device 44 may include or consist of an electrical heating element to the
  • FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of the present invention. Since this third embodiment of the above
  • the essential difference of the third embodiment relates to the edge bond 13.
  • This contains a sealing element 131, which contains, for example, polyisobutylene and / or silicone and / or butyl rubber or consists thereof.
  • the edge bond thus has a similar structure as a known Isolierglasinrandfuge.
  • Edge composite can therefore be made with known methods from the production of insulating glass windows, so that with little effort a reliable completion of the surface elements and the heat sink 10 results.
  • a fourth embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the fourth embodiment is similar to the first embodiment described above, so that like reference numerals designate like components of the invention and the following description addresses only the essential differences.
  • a micropump 46 is located in the edge bond 13. This is provided with connection lines 460, which open into the gaps 310 and 320, respectively. In this way, the micropump 46 can remove moisture from the gaps 310 and 320 and as
  • a fifth embodiment of the invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 5, 6 and 7. The fifth
  • Embodiment which is shown in section in Figure 7, has a plurality of cylindrical heat sinks, which have approximately a tubular appearance. These are arranged in the focal point of a reflector 6. in the
  • the reflector 6 is a circular arc in cross section.
  • other shapes of the reflector 6 may be used, for example, hyperbolic or parabolic
  • the reflectors 6 may be made of a metal or an alloy, for example.
  • the reflectors 6 may further comprise an infrared-reflective coating around the
  • the coating can be applied galvanically and / or from the gas phase, for example by means of conventional CVD or PVD or sputtering methods.
  • the heat sink 10 is approximately circular cylindrical and forms the core of a concentric arrangement of a plurality of surface elements 31 and 32.
  • the heat sink 10 can be actively cooled, for example by a
  • the cylinder jacket surface of the tubular heat sink 10 serves as an interface 100.
  • first surface element 31 and a second surface element 32 are surrounded concentrically by a first surface element 31 and a second surface element 32.
  • the surface elements thus have the shape of a tube or a hollow cylinder. Between the surface elements and the interface 10 are spaces 310 and 320, respectively
  • the interstices 310 and 320 can either be evacuated as described above or be provided with a protective gas atmosphere.
  • the tubular elements can in turn be provided with an edge compound and / or a sorption agent 45 at their end, so that moisture 39 can be removed from the interstices 310 and 320.
  • FIG. 8 shows a device 1 for room air conditioning. This contains an interface 100 and at least one surface element 31 as above
  • Heat radiation 20 from the space 2 is radiated isotropically and thus partially reaches the interface 100.
  • the boundary surface 100 also emits a heat radiation 21, which is radiated into the space 2. Since the temperature of the interface 100 is lower than the temperature of the
  • the heat flow 21 is less than the heat flow 20, so that a net heat flow is discharged from the room 2. This is deposited in the heat sink 10 of the device 1.
  • the heat sink 10 becomes a cooling medium
  • the cooling medium has a finite temperature and thus carries a
  • the cooling capacity may be greater than about 70 Wm -2 or greater than about 90 Wm -2 or greater than about 100 Wm -2 .
  • the air conditioning device 1 has a similar structure as described above with reference to FIGS. 1 and 4. This embodiment of the
  • Invention includes a thermal insulation 120, on which the heat sink 10 is applied. Direct access to the
  • the device 1 according to the sixth embodiment no capillary tube mat as a heat sink 10.
  • the heat sink 10 consists essentially of a flat material layer of a metal or a
  • Alloy for example aluminum or copper. This is connected at at least one edge with a tube 11 in which a cooling medium can flow.
  • the cold medium can, as already described above, be liquid or gaseous be or undergo a phase transition in the pipe 11, for example, from gaseous to liquid, so that in this case the heat of condensation from the heat sink 10 is applied and the interface 100 cools accordingly.
  • Pipe 11 for the refrigerant can in the edge bond 13th
  • the stiffening element 12 on the back of the thermal insulation 120 has a projection 241. This
  • Projection 241 is above the edge seal 13 and forms a mounting flange for the device 1. As further shown in Figure 9, the device 1 by means of
  • Supernatant 241 and a screw 442 are attached to a component 24 of a building, such as a ceiling.
  • the line 110 may optionally be provided with insulation to prevent heat loss or
  • FIG. 10 shows a seventh embodiment of the invention
  • the seventh embodiment is similar to the sixth embodiment, the following description is limited to the essential differences.
  • the structure of the device 1 is similar to that already described above with reference to FIG.
  • the seventh embodiment lacks the stiffening element on the heat sink 10 side facing away from the thermal insulation 120. This embodiment has a lower weight and a lower manufacturing cost.
  • a holding device 245 For mounting the device 1 on a ceiling 24, a holding device 245 is used, which has an approximately T-shaped cross-section. It lies the Edge compound 13 on the inside of the T-shaped cross section. To adjust the ceiling distance, 24 is a support member 246 on the ceiling
  • the holding device 245 is slidably mounted on the holding element 246 and in
  • a gap 248 is established between the rear side of the thermal insulation 120 of the device 1 and the underside of the ceiling 24. This gap 248 serves to ventilate the device 1.
  • Device 1 and of the space equipped with it, are set so that it runs horizontally.
  • FIG. 11 shows an eighth embodiment of
  • the eighth embodiment is also similar to the first embodiment explained with reference to FIG. 1, so that the description is limited to the essential differences.
  • the eighth embodiment has a plate-shaped or cuboidal thermal insulation 120. Unlike the first
  • Heat sink 10 are embedded in the thermal insulation 120, protrude the capillary tubes 11 of the heat sink 10 in the eighth embodiment in the gap 310 between the interface 100 and the surface element 31st
  • Interspace 310 are arranged and which keep the distance of the surface element 31 and the width of the intermediate space 310 constant or approximately constant. In this way, it can be avoided that the surface element 31 is curved inward or outward when the pressure in the gap 310 changes due to a change in temperature.
  • the spacers 390 may be made of a plastic or a rigid foam or other material with high
  • At least some of the spacers 390 may include optional overflow channels 391 which allow gas exchange on either side of the spacer 390 in the space 310.
  • a gas flow drying out the interspace 310 can also be guided through the spacer 390 or else a gas can be supplied or removed for pressure equalization in the intermediate space 310.
  • FIG. 12 shows an axonometric view and FIG. 13 shows a cross section.
  • the ninth embodiment uses a reflector as already explained above with reference to the fifth embodiment.
  • the reflector of the ninth embodiment may, for example, be semicircular or parabolic.
  • the inside of the reflector 6 can with a
  • the space facing the opening of the reflector 6 can either be open or closed with a surface element 31, as already above with reference to the
  • a device 1 Approximately in the focal area of the reflector 6 is a device 1, which contains a heat sink with an interface. If the surface element 31 is not attached to the reflector 6, the device 1 has at least one
  • Device 1 according to Figures 5 and 6 is that the device 1 of the ninth embodiment of the invention, not a circular, but a polygonal,
  • the cooling capacity of the ninth embodiment of the device can be greater than the cooling capacity of the fifth embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 14 shows a tenth embodiment of the invention. This embodiment is also similar to the fifth embodiment.
  • the tenth embodiment also has a cylindrical heat sink 1 disposed at the focal point of a first reflector 61.
  • the heat radiation 20, which does not fall perpendicular to the first reflector 61, is not focused into the focal point and therefore does not reach the heat sink in the device 1.
  • this heat radiation is incident on a second reflector 62 disposed below the first reflector 61 and having a smaller radius.
  • the radiation is therefore reflected at the second reflector 62 and thus reaches the interface of the heat sink inside the device 1. In this way, the performance of the fifth embodiment can be increased or the effect improved.
  • Figure 15 shows an eleventh embodiment of the device according to the invention in cross section.
  • the eleventh embodiment has a device 1 with a heat sink and a the space facing interface, as above
  • the interface and the heat sink are integrated in a wall 25, which, for example, as
  • Drywall or solid construction can be performed.
  • a reflector 6 Adjacent to the upper edge of the device 1 is a reflector 6, which has approximately the shape of a quarter circle or the shape of a parabola half. This means that the vertex of the reflector 6 coincides approximately with the upper edge of the device 1. Heat radiation 20, which falls from the space on the inside of the reflector 6, is reflected to the interface of the heat sink of the device 1 and absorbed there. As a result, a good de-heating of the heat loads in the space 2 can be achieved even with a small active interface.
  • the wall 25 may be provided with an infrared reflective coating 250.
  • thermal radiation 20, which initially falls from the room onto the wall 25 can be reflected onto the inside of the reflector 6 in order to be removed from the room 2 in this way.
  • the infrared-reflective coating 250 can be applied to the wall 25 as a wall paint, for example, and increases the acceptance range of the optical device formed by the device 1 and the reflector 6
  • the twelfth embodiment has a heat sink 10, which has two opposing interfaces 100a and 100b, as already described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • Each interface 100a and 100b is protected from the entry of moist room air by a panel 31 and 32, each panel being spaced from the interface 100a and 100b by a space 310 and 320.
  • the heat sink 10 is in its edge region with a
  • Coolant line 11 thermally conductively connected, as already using the sixth shown in Figure 9
  • Figure 16 shows the attachment of the surface element 31, which may for example consist of a film web, on a frame 134.
  • the frame 134 may include or consist of a polymer material.
  • the surface element 31 can be attached to the frame 134 in a simple manner by thermal joining.
  • a laser welding process or a contact welding process may be used to heat and thereby weld the material of frame 134 and surface element 31 in specifiable spatial regions above the glass transition temperature.
  • the frame 134 is attached to the edge seal 13 by a mechanical fixing device 135.
  • the fixing device 135 may, for example, a magnetic
  • Attachment or include a snap closure may be present in some embodiments of the invention to prevent ingress of ambient air into the interstices 310 and 320, respectively.
  • FIG. 16 shows a dehumidifying device 4 whose mode of operation is explained with reference to FIG. 17.
  • FIG. 17 shows that the dehumidifier 4 has a first valve 421 and a second valve 422.
  • the first valve 421 opens into a supply line 461, which opens in the space 310.
  • the second valve 422 is connected to a discharge line 462, which opens into the outer area or the surroundings of the device 1. Between both valves is a sorbent 45
  • zeolite or silica gel which can bind moisture from the ambient air.
  • moisture may flow from the gap 310 through the supply line 461 into the sorbent 45 and be bound there.
  • Valve 421 closed and the valve 422 are opened.
  • the moisture can be expelled from the sorbent 45 and leave the device through the discharge line 462.
  • valve 422 is closed and the valve 421 is opened. This process can be continued cyclically, so that the gap 310 is continuously dried.
  • Figure 18 shows the application of the first embodiment of the invention. Shown is a space 2 with at least one wall 25 and a ceiling 24. On the ceiling 24, a device 1 is fixed, which has a space 2 facing the interface 100.
  • Installations are located, such as lighting or acoustic panels.
  • FIG. 18 shows, by way of example, two persons as heat load 29. These radiate heat radiation 20, which is substantially non-directional. The heat radiation 20 can therefore reach the interface of the device 1 directly, where they are absorbed and by the in the Line 110 circulating refrigerant from the room. 2
  • Figure 18 shows the optional use of an infrared reflective
  • Wall surfaces can be reflected and achieved in this way the interface of the heat sink of the device 1.
  • an optional control device 150 may be present, which prevents excessive cooling of the heat loads 29.
  • FIG. 19 shows the application of the second embodiment of the invention.
  • the same reference numerals designate the same
  • Device 1 is therefore mounted at a distance from the ceiling 24 so that a gap 248 is formed between the ceiling 24 and the uppermost interface.
  • Heat radiation 20, which emanates from the heat loads 29, thus can either reach the lower boundary surface or by reflection on the walls 25 and the ceiling 24, the upper interface. This can reduce the performance of the
  • Device 1 in the heat dissipation of the heat load 29 may be increased.
  • Figure 19 is a device used as a space divider lb, which also has two interfaces, which face the right and the left room side. Warmth- Radiation from a heat load 29 can thus also be absorbed at the interfaces of the second device 1b.
  • the supply of refrigerant can take place via a running in a cavity floor refrigerant pipe 110b.
  • Figure 20 shows the application of the ninth embodiment of the invention.
  • the device 1 with the associated
  • Reflector 6 is attached to the ceiling 24.
  • a sheet 251 may be present to be decorative
  • Thermal radiation passes either from the heat loads 29 directly via the reflector 6 to the interfaces of the device 1 or after reflection through an optional infrared-reflective coating 250 on the walls 25.
  • a refrigerant ready which transported in a ceiling-mounted line 110 becomes .
  • Figure 21 shows another application of the first or second embodiment of the invention.
  • devices 1a with two-sided interfaces can be used, or devices 1b with only one single-sided interface.
  • the devices la and lb are in a slot 26
  • the shaft which is open with an opening 261 to the space 2a and the space 2b.
  • reflectors 262 which reflect heat radiation 20, which enters through the opening 61, to the interface of the devices la or lb.
  • the openings 261 are closed with an optional sheet 251. If the device la is arranged on an inner wall 25 between a space 2a and a space 2b, This can be used for cooling the heat loads in both rooms.
  • Figure 22 shows a tenth embodiment of the invention in cross section. The following description is limited to the essential differences from the previous embodiments. Also in this case, like reference numerals designate like components of the invention.
  • the device 1 also contains in the tenth
  • the surface 100 of the heat sink 10 opposite the interface 100 is provided with a thermal insulation 120.
  • the thermal insulation 120 may, for example, contain or consist of a hard foam and / or a mineral wool and / or an organic insulating material.
  • a pipe register 11 is present in the illustrated embodiment, which can be flowed through, for example, by water or another known refrigerant. Through the pipe register, the heat sink is removed during operation heat.
  • the boundary surface 100 faces the space 2, so that heat radiation from the space 2 can reach the boundary surface 100 and be absorbed there.
  • heat radiation from the space 2 can reach the boundary surface 100 and be absorbed there.
  • the surface elements 31 and 32 are transparent or translucent at least partially in the infrared spectral range of the room temperature radiation, so that the thermal radiation from the space 2 can pass through the surface elements 31 and 32 and can be absorbed by the boundary surface 100. This allows the operation of the device, which, for example, as a cooling ceiling or wall element
  • the surface elements 31 and 32 can, as described above, made of glass or sintered, IR-transparent materials or
  • FIG. 22 also shows an edge bond 13, which receives the ends of the surface elements 31 and 32 and closes in an approximately gas-tight manner, so that moisture from the environment can not or only to a minor extent penetrate into the first interspace 310 and the second interspace 320 on the edge ,
  • the interface 100 be provided with a fleece 160.
  • This may be loose on the interface 100 or attached to the interface, for example by gluing.
  • the fleece 160 extends over the edge seal 13 as far as the back 121 of the thermal insulation 120.
  • the fleece 160 can be applied over the entire surface of the back 121 of the thermal insulation 120 or only as shown in the FIGURE cover.
  • the cause of the wicking of the web 160 is the surface tension of the fluid and the wettability of the pore surfaces within the web 160
  • the flow resistance is proportional to the reciprocal of the radius of the pore in square, the tensile force is simply proportional to the reciprocal of the radius.
  • the second phase is that
  • the driving potential is the relative humidity, which on the warm side, that is on the outside 121 of the thermal insulation,
  • the gap 310 can be kept permanently dry in a simple manner and without moving parts in order to ensure long-term trouble-free operation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Devices For Blowing Cold Air, Devices For Blowing Warm Air, And Means For Preventing Water Condensation In Air Conditioning Units (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
  • Drying Of Gases (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif (1) de climatisation d'un espace (2), contenant au moins un dissipateur thermique (10), lequel comprend au moins une surface limite (100) tournée vers l'espace (2), laquelle peut être amenée à une température abaissée par rapport à la perte de chaleur, au moins un élément plan (31, 32), lequel est au moins en partie perméable à un rayonnement thermique, étant agencé entre la surface limite (100) et l'espace (2). L'invention concerne en outre un procédé de climatisation d'un espace (2), comprenant au moins un dissipateur thermique (10), lequel comporte au moins une surface limite (100) tournée vers l'espace, laquelle est amenée à une température abaissée par rapport à la perte de chaleur, au moins un élément plan (31, 32, 33), lequel est au moins en partie perméable à un rayonnement thermique, étant agencé entre la surface limite (100) et l'espace (2).
EP16730411.2A 2015-06-22 2016-06-21 Dispositif et méthode pour la climatisation d'un espace Active EP3311077B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015211473.2A DE102015211473A1 (de) 2015-06-22 2015-06-22 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Klimatisierung eines Raumes
PCT/EP2016/064268 WO2016207141A2 (fr) 2015-06-22 2016-06-21 Dispositif et procédé de climatisation d'un espace

Publications (3)

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EP3311077A2 true EP3311077A2 (fr) 2018-04-25
EP3311077B1 EP3311077B1 (fr) 2024-03-13
EP3311077C0 EP3311077C0 (fr) 2024-03-13

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US (1) US10371398B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3311077B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN107995944B (fr)
DE (1) DE102015211473A1 (fr)
SG (1) SG11201710720SA (fr)
WO (1) WO2016207141A2 (fr)

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US11815287B2 (en) * 2017-11-16 2023-11-14 The Trustees Of Princeton University Thermally radiative apparatus and method
US11391475B2 (en) * 2019-01-02 2022-07-19 Dalian University Of Technology Radiant air conditioning system for controlling comfortable and healthy indoor environment based on infrared sensing technology
CN113366276B (zh) * 2019-01-29 2023-12-19 法维莱运输莱比锡有限两合公司 易燃制冷剂的热交换器
DE102022112411A1 (de) 2022-05-17 2023-11-23 interpanel GmbH Wärmetauscherpaneel zur Temperierung eines Raumes
DE102022128422A1 (de) * 2022-10-27 2024-05-02 Audi Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung zum Erwärmen und/oder Desinfizieren, sowie Kraftfahrzeug mit einer solchen
US20240302106A1 (en) * 2023-03-06 2024-09-12 City University Of Hong Kong Portable condensation-free temperature-adjustable radiant cooling board system
DE102023136386A1 (de) * 2023-12-21 2025-06-26 interpanel GmbH Wärmetauscherpaneel zum Temperieren von Gebäuderäumen

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JPH06323577A (ja) * 1993-05-14 1994-11-25 Central Res Inst Of Electric Power Ind 放射冷房装置
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JPH09273776A (ja) * 1996-04-04 1997-10-21 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd 天井輻射空調システム
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN107995944A (zh) 2018-05-04
WO2016207141A3 (fr) 2017-02-16
DE102015211473A1 (de) 2016-12-22
US10371398B2 (en) 2019-08-06
EP3311077B1 (fr) 2024-03-13
SG11201710720SA (en) 2018-01-30
WO2016207141A2 (fr) 2016-12-29
CN107995944B (zh) 2021-01-01
EP3311077C0 (fr) 2024-03-13
US20180172296A1 (en) 2018-06-21

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