EP3314687A1 - Champ d'écoulement d'une pile à combustible - Google Patents

Champ d'écoulement d'une pile à combustible

Info

Publication number
EP3314687A1
EP3314687A1 EP16719403.4A EP16719403A EP3314687A1 EP 3314687 A1 EP3314687 A1 EP 3314687A1 EP 16719403 A EP16719403 A EP 16719403A EP 3314687 A1 EP3314687 A1 EP 3314687A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
channel
channel section
additional
converging
diverging
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16719403.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefan Haase
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke AG filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Publication of EP3314687A1 publication Critical patent/EP3314687A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
    • H01M8/0263—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant having meandering or serpentine paths
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
    • H01M8/0265—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant the reactant or coolant channels having varying cross sections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1004—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1007—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the flow field of a fuel cell is shaped by the separator plate contour.
  • the fuel, i.d.R. Hydrogen, and the oxidizing agent, i.d.R. Air, are located on the side of the separator plate. Furthermore, cooling with a coolant Kue in the separator plate
  • the goal is the equal distribution of the media (reaction gases, coolant) over the entire active area.
  • channel structures are formed for all three media.
  • the river fields are usually formed of straight, continuously equal-width channels.
  • Bipolar plate is provided with a gas-supplying and a gas-carrying channel network, which are bounded by the gas diffusion electrode and separated from each other.
  • the supplied gas must therefore by the
  • Anode-cathode stack comprising at least one gas diffusion layer and a plurality of fluid inlet channels adjacent thereto. At least one of the fluid inlet channels is configured with a flow resistance increasing in the basic flow direction S of the fluid flowing therethrough, which flow resistance is formed by a decreasing flow cross-sectional area. Even in these embodiments, the fluid flowing in the channel is not optimally utilized. In particular, it comes with larger flow fields to a more irregular chemical reaction, since the gases are not
  • Oxidant O or to fuel B therefore lower than in the inlet channel.
  • the extent of the chemical reaction of the gases in the exhaust duct with the adjacent ion-permeable separator is less than the extent of the chemical reaction of the gases in the inlet duct.
  • the medium traversing the gas diffusion layer collects in the
  • Outlet channel in layers, which are formed adjacent to the separator. These layers therefore have a low concentration of oxidizing agent O or fuel B.
  • Flow channels are each divided at bifurcations into subchannels and then converge again. A mixing of the gas flow takes place only via webs. Again, there is a
  • the technology disclosed herein relates to a fuel cell system having at least one fuel cell.
  • the fuel cell system is
  • a fuel cell is an electrochemical
  • gas generically refers to the oxidant O and the fuel cell fuel B.
  • the fuel cell disclosed herein comprises an anode having one
  • the anode has a supply for a fuel to the anode.
  • Preferred fuels are: hydrogen, low molecular weight alcohol, biofuels, or liquefied natural gas.
  • the cathode has, for example, a supply of oxidizing agent.
  • a fuel cell system comprises at least one fuel cell and peripheral system components (BOP components) that can be used during operation of the at least one fuel cell.
  • BOP components peripheral system components
  • the fuel cell disclosed herein includes an ion selective separator.
  • the ion-selective separator can be designed, for example, as a proton exchange membrane (PEM).
  • PEM proton exchange membrane
  • a cation-selective polymer electrolyte membrane is used.
  • Materials for such a membrane are, for example: Nafion®, Flemion® and Aciplex®.
  • further layers may be provided on the proton exchange membrane, such as a catalyst layer.
  • Fuel cell comprises a gas diffusion layer (hereinafter also called GDL layer), which is arranged adjacent to the separator. It may be, for example, a layer of thin, porous GDL layer
  • Carbon paper or fiber tissue act.
  • the ion selective etching of Carbon paper or fiber tissue act.
  • the fuel cell further comprises at least one separator plate, which forms at least one gas-conducting flow field together with the gas diffusion layer.
  • the separator plate may preferably be a bipolar plate.
  • the bipolar plate may be formed liquid-cooled. Other cooling techniques are also conceivable.
  • the flow field in particular the channel sections and mixing zones disclosed herein, is / are from the areas of the separator plate
  • the flow field is expediently arranged such that it is transported in the flow field Gas from the flow field can go directly into the gas diffusion layer.
  • the gas diffusion layer thus separates the flow field from the
  • ion selective separator Not to be regarded as a flow field in this context is a pre-distribution channel structure which is not arranged on the active surfaces of the ion-permeable separator on which the electrochemical reactions take place. In particular, that forms
  • the flow field preferably has a plurality of channels and / or a plurality of channel sections, wherein the separator plate, the GDL layer and the ion-selective separator together form a flow field for the fuel B (anode chamber) or for the oxidant O by forming the multiple channels
  • a substantially rectangular base area is provided in the separator, which forms the flow field.
  • other basic surface geometries are conceivable.
  • the plurality of channels or channel sections have the same general
  • the plurality of channels or channel sections extend from an inlet region E of the flow field to an outlet region of the flow field.
  • the plurality of channels or channel sections extend from an inlet region E of the flow field to an outlet region of the flow field.
  • Inlet area E arranged on one side of the base and the
  • the at least one channel or at least one channel section can each have a channel inlet E, through which the gas flows into the channel.
  • the channel inlet E with a Vorverteil Quilt V be fluidly connected, which may also be formed in the separator plate.
  • the flow direction S is the already mentioned superordinate flow direction S of the gas in the flow field, that is to say for a rectangular flow field it is preferably from one side to the opposite side.
  • the flow direction S is the longitudinal direction of the at least one channel or channel section.
  • a converging channel section is a
  • a divergent channel section is a channel section whose cross-sectional area increases in the flow direction S.
  • the channel opens in
  • the first channel sections begin at the inlet E. However, this need not be so.
  • the converging channel section is located directly next to the diverging channel section.
  • These two channel sections are thus directly next to each other and are hereinafter also referred to as Kanalabitesspärchen.
  • both channel sections extend substantially parallel.
  • both channel sections have the same general flow direction S, whereby slight deviations from the general flow direction S can occur due to their convergent or diverging channel geometry.
  • At least one barrier is between each converging one
  • the barrier extends away from the separator plate and towards the gas diffusion layer, expediently in such a way that the barrier bears against the GDL layer at least in regions.
  • the gas can also via mixing zones described below from the converging channel section get into the diverging channel section. In other words, a part could also flow around the upstream and downstream ends. If gas flows in the converging channel section, the pressure in the flow direction increases slowly due to the decreasing cross-sectional area. The gas is additionally pressed into the GDL layer by this pressure build-up. It overflows the barrier as the gas squeezes through the GDL layer. Thus, an increased amount of gas passes to the ion-selective separator and reacts there.
  • At least one converging channel section and / or downstream of the at least one diverging channel section is provided at least one additional converging channel section and at least one additional diverging channel section.
  • Downstream in this context means that at least part of the gas that converges through the at least one first converges
  • Downstream means away from the inlet region E in the flow direction S, "upstream”, however, towards the inlet region E towards the flow direction S. "Downstream” and “upstream” therefore do not meaningfully refer to the flow through the GDL layer across the barriers.
  • the additional channel sections that is to say the at least one additional converging channel section and the at least one additional diverging channel section, are preferably arranged and configured in the same way as the first channel sections disclosed here, but only downstream of the first channel sections. Furthermore, the at least one additional converging channel section and the at least one additional diverging section are expedient
  • the additional barrier is preferably designed and arranged in the same way as the first barrier.
  • the additional barrier between the additional converging channel section and the additional divergent channel section is provided such that the gas at least partially flows through the gas diffusion layer to pass directly from the additional converging channel section into the additional divergent channel section.
  • Channel sections may be arranged at least one mixing zone, in which opens at least one of the first channel sections.
  • the additional channel sections may suitably begin.
  • the mixing zone provides an interruption between the first channel sections upstream of the mixing zone and the additional, e.g.
  • an additional converging channel section and an additional diverging channel section originate from a mixing zone.
  • at least one of the first channel sections divides into two additional channel sections, one channel section converging and one channel section being divergent.
  • mixing within the GDL layer is not to be regarded as the mixing zone Mz of the separator plate.
  • Channel sections are expedient in the plan view of the flow field or the separator plate converging or diverging. With others Words run in the plan view, the lateral boundaries of
  • the mixing zones are designed such that turbulence occurs. Any layers adjacent to the ion selective separator then mix with layers of gas flow that are spaced apart, for example, near the channel section bottom.
  • the flow field in the mixing zones is designed such that at least part of the gas flow of the first converging
  • a flow field preferably has at least one, furthermore preferably at least two and particularly preferably at least three mixing zones arranged in series, which are fluid-connected in the flow direction S.
  • one of the three mixing zones is laterally offset in the flow direction S.
  • At least one mixing zone can be fluidly connected upstream with two first mixing zones, wherein the first mixing zones are arranged fluidically parallel to one another.
  • a channel section may have a length in the flow direction S of from about 2 cm to about 15 cm, preferably from about 3 cm to about 10 cm, and more preferably from about 5 cm to about 8 cm.
  • the first convergent or diverging channel sections as well as the additional converging or diverging channel sections may have a length in the
  • the length of the mixing zone Mz is preferably about 0.5 times to about 10 times, and more preferably about 1 times to about 2 times the channel width, in particular at the channel inlet E.
  • the additional converging channel section may be a second
  • diverging channel section may be a second diverging channel section.
  • the additional barrier can be a second barrier. The second
  • Converging channel portion, the second diverging channel portion and the second barrier may be laterally offset in a first direction Y relative to the first converging and diverging channel portions and the first barrier with respect to the flow direction S.
  • first direction Y is perpendicular or in the
  • the additional converging channel portion may be a converging third channel portion, with the additional diverging one
  • Channel section may be a third diverging channel section, and wherein the additional barrier may be a third barrier.
  • Converging channel portion, the third diverging channel portion and the third barrier may be laterally offset from the first direction Y as compared to the second converging and diverging channel portions and the second barrier with respect to the flow direction.
  • the third channel sections are collinear with the first channel sections and the third barrier is collinear with the first barrier.
  • the first converging channel section and / or the first diverging channel section may each also be formed by two first barriers arranged at an angle to each other.
  • Converging channel section and / or the additional diverging channel section can each be formed by two additional barriers arranged at an angle to each other.
  • three first barriers arranged at an angle to each other can form the first converging channel section and the first diverging channel section.
  • three additional spaced apart additional barriers may form the additional converging channel section and the additional diverging channel section.
  • Angular to each other means that the barriers are not parallel or collinear with each other.
  • the first barriers are each arranged at the same height in the channel. Further preferably, the additional barriers in the channel are arranged at the same height.
  • the first and / or the additional diverging channel sections may be open at the upstream end so that the gas can flow into the diverging channel section.
  • Inflow opening provided by the upstream or in the upper part of the diverging channel section fresh gas can flow into the channel.
  • the converging channel section is fluidically parallel to
  • the at least one first barrier may be connected to the at least one
  • the connected barriers may be arranged one behind the other in the direction of the separator plate in a direction Y perpendicular to the flow direction S and offset in the direction of flow S, the adjacent barriers connected in the direction Y being perpendicular to the plane
  • Flow direction S may be partially overlapping.
  • the at least one channel can preferably be delimited by lateral channel walls which run parallel to one another at least in sections, preferably over their entire length.
  • the gas is forced over the webs, i. over the contact surface of the bipolar plate to the GDL layer.
  • the oxygen concentration on the ion-permeable separator or on the catalyst surface of the ion-permeable separator increases.
  • the multiple rejuvenation and widening of the canal increases the concentration
  • the efficiency increases, in particular the current strength of the fuel cell.
  • the required air flow and / or the required delivery pressure may be lower.
  • Compressor can be used with less power. A smaller one
  • Compressor reduces costs, weight and space and increases the overall efficiency.
  • the technology disclosed herein preferably has the following advantages:
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic drawing of a fuel cell stack with a plurality of fuel cells 100;
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of a separator 119 along the
  • FIG. 1 Line AA of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a schematic plan view of a part of a separator 119; FIGS. 4 and 5 are schematic plan views of the detail B of FIG. 2; and
  • 6 and 7 are schematic plan views of the detail C of FIG .. 2
  • FIG. 1 shows an enlarged view of a fuel cell stack with a plurality of adjacent fuel cells 100. Two adjacent ones
  • Separator plates 1 19, 1 19 ', 1 19 each bound a fuel cell 100.
  • separator plates 1 19, 1 19', 1 19" are respectively
  • Coolant flow paths 144 are arranged through which coolant K flows. Likewise, it is conceivable that notdeffenbach mitströmte separator plates are provided.
  • Polymer electrolyte membrane 1 5 is limited.
  • the fuel cell 100 or the fuel cell stack leads fuel gas B, for example hydrogen.
  • the gas-carrying channel 1 18 forms, together with the gas diffusion layer 1 17, the cathode space 1 16, through which the fuel gas B, for example hydrogen.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic plan view along the line AA of Fig.
  • the three media channels for oxidant O, fuel B and coolant K ue are each arranged on two opposite sides.
  • the gas may for example be air, which acts as an oxidant O.
  • the gas is fuel gas B.
  • the following is generally about gas.
  • a distribution structure V Arranged on the right side with arrows is a distribution structure V (see Fig. 3) which distributes the gas to the flow field SF.
  • Arrows in turn indicate the structure that collects the gas before the gas leaves the fuel cell through the media outlet 13a on the left.
  • a separator plate 1 19 is shown, which has both anode channels 1 13 and cathode channels 1 18.
  • Fig. 3 shows a simplified part of an embodiment of the
  • Separator plate 1 19 Shown is a distribution structure V, which distributes the gas to several channel inlets Ei, Eii of the multiple channels i, ii. To the
  • Distribution structure V is followed by the flow field SF.
  • the flow field SF takes place the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell, which is the cause of the electric current that provides the fuel cell.
  • the flow field SF and the channels i, ii are only partial here
  • the further channels ii, etc. of the separator plate 1 19 shown here are preferably constructed in the same way as the channel i.
  • the channel i extends from the manifold structure V at the inlet 13e to the collector structure at the outlet 13a of the separator plate 19.
  • the first converging channel portion Ki is formed parallel to the first diverging channel portion Di.
  • the diverging channel section Di and the additional diverging channel D2 disclosed herein are indicated at
  • the opening has, for example, a cross-sectional area A3, di or A3, d2, which is preferably smaller than the upstream opening of the first converging channel K1, or of the additional divergent channel D2.
  • additional converging channel section K2 at least approx. 10%, furthermore Preferably at least about 50%, and more preferably at least about 100% larger than the cross-sectional area A3, di or A3, d2 of the upstream opening of the first diverging channel section Di or the additional
  • the converging channel sections ⁇ , K2 are separated by barriers BA, I, BA, 2 from the diverging channel sections Di, D2.
  • the barriers BA, I, BA, 2 are formed here as elongated webs.
  • both the barriers BA, I, BA, 2 and the channel walls are located on the GDL layer 14, 17 (not shown) (see FIG.
  • Channel cross section increases, an overflow of the barriers BA, I, BA, 2 is effected, which is represented by the arrow F c .
  • the divergent channels Di, D2 there is preferably a suction effect, which favors the transverse flow over the webs.
  • the cross sectional ratio of the channel section outlet cross sections A 4 , di, A 4 , d 2, the diverging channel sections Di, D 2 to the channel section outlet sections A _>, ki, ⁇ 2 2 is preferably exactly the reverse of the corresponding inlets of the channels. Both first channel sections are flowed through by "fresh gas.” Furthermore, a mixing-through flow sets in in both channels.
  • the mixing zone M z separates the first channel sections Ki, Di from the additional channel sections K2, D2, which are here also second
  • Channel sections could be called.
  • the additional channel sections K2, D2 are offset relative to the flow direction S in comparison to the first channel sections Ki, Di.
  • Additional channel sections eg K3, D3, not shown
  • Additional channel sections which are arranged further downstream are in turn arranged offset relative to the additional channel sections K2, D2 shown here.
  • Fig. 4 shows an enlarged view of the detail C of Fig. 2 a
  • the construction of the channel essentially corresponds to that of channel i of FIG. 3. Therefore, only the differences will be discussed below.
  • the channel walls Wi, WN are formed parallel to each other in FIG. You're just lost.
  • the additional channel sections D2, K2 are not arranged with respect to the flow direction S laterally in the Y direction offset from the first channel sections Di, K1. Rather, the first converging channel section K1 is substantially collinear with the additional converging channel section K2.
  • the first divergent channel portion Di is substantially collinear with the additional divergent channel portion D2. Not shown in detail are each adjacent to the channel i arranged channels (indicated by dashed lines).
  • the shown channel walls Wi, Wn simultaneously
  • Fig. 5 is a further enlarged view of the detail C of Fig. 2 of an embodiment.
  • Three first barriers BA, H, BA, I2, BA.13 are arranged at the same height with respect to the flow direction S. Two adjacent barriers of the three first barriers each form a channel section.
  • the barriers arranged adjacent to one another run at an angle to one another and likewise extend at an angle with respect to the flow direction S, in particular at an angle of +/- ⁇ to the flow direction S.
  • the first barriers BA, H, BA, I2 form the first convergent one
  • the first barriers BA, I2 and BA, I3 form the first divergent channel section Di.
  • the barriers BA, I3 and BA, H may expediently be formed parallel to each other. It behaves the same way With the additional barriers, ie the additional barriers BA, 22, BA, 23 form the additional converging channel section K2 and the additional barriers BA, 2I, BA, 22 form the additional diverging channel section D2.
  • a mixing zone Mz is arranged between the first channel sections and the additional channel sections.
  • no channel walls can be provided.
  • no continuous channel walls are preferably provided.
  • the channel sections and / or the mixing zone are of the same length as in the previously mentioned examples of FIGS. 2 and 3. Also in this embodiment, it is advantageous
  • Fig. 6 shows an enlarged detail view C of Figure 2 of an embodiment.
  • the barrier BA, I2 which separates the first converging channel section K1 i from the first divergent channel section D1 i, is connected via a connecting piece VBS.
  • the two barriers BA, I2; BA, 22 have the same height as the one
  • the first barrier BA, H is laterally offset in the Y-direction to the additional second barrier BA, 22nd
  • Distribution terminal v and the inlet connected egg there is a transverse flow Fe through the GDL layer.
  • the inflowing gas divides into the first
  • Diverging channel section Du is the first mixing zone Mz-n, in which the gas from the inlet egg mixed with gas from the neighboring branch shown in dashed lines. The gas then partly passes through the opening at the end KE of the second divergent channel cut D21 into the second one diverging channel section D21. The other part flows from the first mixing zone ⁇ into the second converging passage section K21.
  • the gas from the first inlet Ei flows into a further first mixing zone Mz1 ii, in which gas from the first inlet Ei mixes with gas from a further adjacent branch, which is connected to the inlet En. From the further first mixing zone M Z I Ü then flows in part of the gas mixture of the inlets Ei, En in the second convergent channel K2Ü.
  • the second mixing zone M Z 2i At the downstream end of the second diverging channel section D2 1 , there is the second mixing zone M Z 2i.
  • the second converging channel K2 U also opens in this second mixing zone M Z 2i.
  • This second mixing zone Mz2i is thus fed by the first gas inlet Ei as well as the further gas inlet EN. ES thus results in thorough mixing of the gas in the Y direction perpendicular to the general flow direction S.
  • the second mixing zone M Z 2 is upstream with two first mixing zones
  • first mixing zones Mzi i, Mziü are thus arranged fluidly parallel to each other.
  • these first fluid mixing zones ⁇ - ⁇ , Mziü, which are arranged fluidly parallel to one another, are also arranged adjacent to one another without a further mixing zone lying between them.
  • Fig. 7 also shows the detail C of an embodiment of Figure 2, but in a larger section. The embodiment therefore corresponds to the Example of Figure 6. Some terms have therefore been omitted for simplicity.
  • the axis AA is a comparison axis, showing that the first divergent channel is Du and the third divergent one
  • Channel portion D31 downstream of the second diverging Kanaiabiteses D21 are not offset in the Y direction to each other. Meanwhile, the second diverging channel section D21 is offset laterally relative to the general flow direction S. In other words, the third channel sections K31, D31 and the third barrier BA, 3 are laterally offset relative to the first direction Y in comparison to the second converging and diverging channel sections K2, D2 and the second barrier BA, 2 with respect to the flow direction S.
  • the flow field or the channel sections are here by connected barriers or barrier groups BA12-BA22, B 3 23-BA33 and BA21-BA31
  • adjacently arranged connected barriers are arranged intermeshing.
  • Connected barriers are directly connected to each other, for example, via a connector VBS (not shown here).
  • the connector VBS itself can also act as a barrier to the gas.
  • the barriers BA12-BA22, BA23-BA33 and BA21-BA3 are connected barriers.
  • the adjacent connected barriers in the Y direction perpendicular to the flow direction S at least partially partially arranged one behind the other.
  • Flow direction S are two adjacent and connected barriers offset from each other.
  • Connected barriers which are arranged adjacent to one another can be arranged partially overlapping in the Y-direction perpendicular to the flow direction S.
  • Adjacent connected barriers BA12-BA22, BA23-BA33 and BA21-BA31 are two separate barrier groups, each group having two barriers, the are connected via the connecting piece VBS. The two
  • Barrier groups form i.d.R. together a channel section.
  • the gas can branch out of the inlet egg.
  • the inlet Ei it first branches to the first channel sections Du, Ki i. Thereafter, it branches on the second channel sections D21, K21; D2N, K2Ü. In the third stage, it then branches to six channel sections D31, K31; D3n, K3Ü ; D3iü, K3Ni. If blocking occurs in a channel section W, for example a condensate drop W or a piece of ice, this blocking W can be compensated relatively well due to the good branching. In comparison to previously known solutions, even with such a block W, the gas is distributed comparatively well.
  • Thermal damage can preferably be reduced and the
  • the gas present downstream of the blockage can flow off via the channels K31 and D31. It thus forms on the block W from a pressure gradient, which is relatively high. This pressure gradient between the regions upstream and downstream of the interlock W can cause the interlock to dissolve and be removed from the flow field. Thus, a comparatively good cold start or frost start behavior sets in. Also, the individual barriers can be made comparatively wide. The voltage losses between the barriers and the GDL layer are relatively small thanks to the relatively wide barriers.
  • the cross section ratio of the channel section outlet cross sections with one another and the channel section inlet cross sections with one another is preferably the same in FIGS. 4 to 7 as in the previously explained examples of FIGS. 2 and 3. If the explanations given here refer to a channel, its plural (ie several identically constructed channels) should be disclosed simultaneously. For example, the technology disclosed herein preferably includes several pairs of juxtaposed ones
  • converging and diverging channel sections for example, more than 20 pairs.
  • pairs of first, second and third pairs are provided, the first pair upstream of the second
  • Couple, and these second pairs are in turn arranged upstream of the third pair. Overall, more than 30 couples are preferred
  • the couples are preferably each again by
  • Flow direction S is distributed fan-like.

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  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une pile à combustible comprenant un séparateur sélecteur d'ions, une couche de diffusion de gaz et une plaque de séparateur. La plaque de séparateur forme conjointement avec la couche de diffusion de gaz au moins un champ d'écoulement pour le gaz. Dans le champ d'écoulement sont formés au moins un premier secteur de canal convergent et au moins un premier secteur de canal divergent, le secteur de canal convergent étant disposé à côté du secteur de canal divergent. Selon l'invention, une première barrière est disposée entre le secteur de canal convergent et le secteur de canal divergent de sorte que le gaz s'écoule au moins en partie à travers la couche de diffusion de gaz pour parvenir directement du secteur de canal convergent dans le secteur de canal divergent. En aval du ou des secteurs de canal convergents et/ou en aval du ou des secteurs de canal divergents se trouvent au moins un secteur de canal convergent supplémentaire, au moins un secteur de canal divergent supplémentaire et au moins une barrière supplémentaire.
EP16719403.4A 2015-06-26 2016-04-29 Champ d'écoulement d'une pile à combustible Withdrawn EP3314687A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015211893.2A DE102015211893A1 (de) 2015-06-26 2015-06-26 Strömungsfeld einer Brennstoffzelle
PCT/EP2016/059591 WO2016206840A1 (fr) 2015-06-26 2016-04-29 Champ d'écoulement d'une pile à combustible

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EP3314687A1 true EP3314687A1 (fr) 2018-05-02

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US (1) US11145878B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3314687A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN107580734B (fr)
DE (1) DE102015211893A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016206840A1 (fr)

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JP7052017B2 (ja) * 2017-09-08 2022-04-11 クリアウォーター ホールディングス，リミテッド 蓄電を改善するシステム及び方法
DE102018202561A1 (de) 2018-02-20 2019-08-22 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Strömungsfeld einer Brennstoffzelle
CN109830705B (zh) * 2019-03-01 2021-02-05 山东大学 一种燃料电池极板结构及电堆
US12423483B2 (en) 2021-09-10 2025-09-23 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. Method of designing fluid flow field structure for fuel cell bipolar plate
CN114824347B (zh) * 2022-03-31 2024-07-30 潍柴巴拉德氢能科技有限公司 一种双极板和燃料电池

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US20180076469A1 (en) 2018-03-15
US11145878B2 (en) 2021-10-12
CN107580734B (zh) 2020-12-29
WO2016206840A1 (fr) 2016-12-29
DE102015211893A1 (de) 2016-12-29
CN107580734A (zh) 2018-01-12

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