WO2020007730A1 - Plaque bipolaire pour piles à combustible pourvues de trois plaques individuelles, ainsi que pile à combustible et empilement de cellules pourvues de telle plaques bipolaires - Google Patents

Plaque bipolaire pour piles à combustible pourvues de trois plaques individuelles, ainsi que pile à combustible et empilement de cellules pourvues de telle plaques bipolaires Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2020007730A1
WO2020007730A1 PCT/EP2019/067348 EP2019067348W WO2020007730A1 WO 2020007730 A1 WO2020007730 A1 WO 2020007730A1 EP 2019067348 W EP2019067348 W EP 2019067348W WO 2020007730 A1 WO2020007730 A1 WO 2020007730A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plate
anode
cathode
fuel cell
spacer elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2019/067348
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Adel Jilani
Sanjiv Kumar
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Audi AG
Original Assignee
Audi AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Audi AG filed Critical Audi AG
Publication of WO2020007730A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020007730A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0247—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form
    • H01M8/0256—Vias, i.e. connectors passing through the separator material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0267—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors having heating or cooling means, e.g. heaters or coolant flow channels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • Bipolar plate for fuel cells with three individual plates, as well as a fuel cell and fuel cell stack with such bipolar plates
  • the invention relates to a bipolar plate for a fuel cell.
  • the invention further relates to a fuel cell and a fuel cell stack with such bipolar plates.
  • Fuel cells use the chemical conversion of a fuel with oxygen to water to generate electrical energy.
  • fuel cells contain the so-called membrane electrode assembly (MEA) as a core component, which is a structure consisting of an ion-conducting (usually proton-conducting) membrane and a catalytic electrode (anode and cathode) arranged on both sides of the membrane.
  • MEA membrane electrode assembly
  • the latter mostly include supported precious metals, especially platinum.
  • gas diffusion layers (GDL) can be arranged on both sides of the membrane electrode arrangement on the sides of the electrodes facing away from the membrane.
  • the fuel cell is formed by a large number of MEAs arranged in a stack, the electrical voltages of which add up.
  • Bipolar plates also called flow field or separator plates
  • the individual membrane electrode arrangements which ensure that the individual cells are supplied with the operating media, that is to say the reactants, and usually also serve for cooling.
  • the bipolar plates ensure an electrically conductive contact with the membrane electrode assemblies.
  • the fuel anode operating medium
  • hydrogen H 2 or a hydrogen-containing gas mixture is over an anode-side open flow field of the bipolar plate is fed to the anode, where an electrochemical oxidation of H 2 to protons H + takes place with the release of electrons (H 2 -> 2 H + + 2 e).
  • a (water-bound or water-free) transport of the protons from the anode space into the cathode space takes place via the electrolyte or the membrane, which separates the reaction spaces from one another in a gas-tight manner and electrically insulates them.
  • the electrons provided at the anode are fed to the cathode via an electrical line.
  • the cathode is supplied with oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas mixture (e.g. air) as the cathode operating medium via an open flow field on the cathode side of the bipolar plate, so that a reduction from 0 2 to O 2 takes place with the absorption of the electrons (14 0 2 + 2 e 4 O 2 ).
  • oxygen anions in the cathode compartment react with the protons transported across the membrane to form water (O 2 + 2 H + 4 H 2 0).
  • the fuel cell stack is supplied with its operating media, ie the anode operating gas (for example hydrogen), the cathode operating gas (for example air) and the coolant, via main supply channels which penetrate the stack in its entire stacking direction and from which the operating media pass the bipolar plates are fed to the individual cells.
  • the operating media ie the anode operating gas (for example hydrogen), the cathode operating gas (for example air) and the coolant.
  • bipolar plates consist of two interconnected half plates, each of which is structured on both sides. Structures for transporting the operating media are required on the sides facing away from one another and structures for the transport of coolant are required on the sides facing one another.
  • the half-plates must be matched to each other, since three separate transport routes must be made available by means of two half-plates. This leads to further boundary conditions which reduce the flexibility of the designs of the bipolar plates. In typical designs, the half-plates are better known Bipolar plates are profiled, the profiles engaging or nested.
  • EP 1 432 060 A1 proposes a bipolar plate that consists of three individual plates. However, the three plates are structured in the same way, that is, the cathode flow field, anode flow field and coolant flow field are identical.
  • bipolar plates which are flat on one side and form a flow field on the opposite side by the arrangement of spacer elements or a profile.
  • a membrane electrode unit is arranged at each of the flow fields.
  • the described bipolar plates have in common that when the membrane-electrode unit is arranged on the bipolar plate, there is a so-called intrusion of the gas diffusion layer (GDL) belonging to the membrane-electrode unit into the channels of the flow field.
  • GDL gas diffusion layer
  • the invention is based on the object of preventing or at least reducing a reduction in the channel cross section in a fuel cell.
  • a first aspect of the invention relates to a bipolar plate for a fuel cell with an active area and an inactive area.
  • the bipolar plate comprises a stack with an anode plate, a cathode plate and a cooling plate which are stacked one above the other along their long sides.
  • a coolant plate is arranged plane-parallel on the anode plate
  • a cathode plate is arranged plane-parallel on the coolant plate.
  • the plates each have an essentially flat side.
  • first spacer elements are arranged on a side of the anode and cathode plate opposite the flat side, which are integrally connected to the respective plate.
  • the anode plate and the cathode plate have a plurality of through openings in the active region.
  • level is to be understood to mean that the plate on the relevant side has a flat, at least in the active area, surface which is not structured by elevations, bulges or profiles.
  • the through openings enable the channels to be supplied with operating gas from both sides of the respective plate. It is thus possible to arrange the membrane electrode assembly on the flat surface of the substantially flat side of the respective plate.
  • the operating gases then flow through the gas diffusion layer through the through openings into the flow field or vice versa.
  • the arrangement of the compressible gas diffusion layer on the essentially flat side of the plate in turn prevents intrusion of the gas diffusion layer into the channels.
  • the cross sections of the flow field of the plates thus remain unaffected by the gas diffusion layer even in the compressed layer stack.
  • the arrangement described prevents areas of the bipolar plate from exerting pressure on the gas diffusion layer at points or over a small area, and the gas diffusion layer is subsequently compressed inhomogeneously.
  • the bipolar plate according to the invention accordingly reduces a local increase in the flow resistance of the loading drive gases both in the flow field of the bipolar plate and in the gas diffusion layer arranged on the bipolar plate.
  • the through openings are essentially holes, which can have almost any shape and size. Regular shapes such as circles, ellipses, rectangles, squares or regular polygons are particularly preferred.
  • the respective plate is flat, at least in the active area, so it has no profiling, in particular no elevations and no recesses or depressions.
  • a sum of the area of the respective plate between the through openings in the active area preferably corresponds at least to the area of all through openings in the active area of the respective plate.
  • the area between the through openings in the active area of the plate preferably corresponds to at least 50%, more preferably at least 60%, in particular 70% or more, further preferably at least 75% of the area of the active area of the respective plate.
  • the larger the area between the through openings the more homogeneously the pressure of the plate is distributed on the gas diffusion layer when arranged in a, in particular compressed, fuel cell, and the more clearly an intrusion and an increase in the flow resistance of the operating gases are reduced.
  • the cathode plate and / or the anode plate is arranged on the coolant plate in such a way that the first spacer elements of the cathode plate or the anode plate are in contact with a flat side of the coolant plate.
  • the flat or flat side of the cathode plate and / or the anode plate is preferably facing away from the coolant plate.
  • the coolant plate serves as a fluid-impermeable limitation, so that no further components are required.
  • the plate has a separate boundary, which is arranged, for example, as an additional plate on the first spacer elements.
  • the coolant plate advantageously has a closed surface in the active region. This ensures that in particular in the aforementioned embodiment, mixing of the operating gases with coolant or escape of coolant is excluded.
  • the coolant plate comprises two flat, in particular flat plates which are closed in the active area and which are connected to one another via second spacer elements.
  • the second spacer elements serve as spacers, for example in the form of webs and stabilizers of the coolant plate.
  • the second spacer elements are preferably integrally connected to at least one of the two plates, the integrally connected connection also comprising the boundary plate and second spacer elements being formed in one piece.
  • the second plate is preferably made separately and is in contact with the second spacer elements.
  • the second plate is also integrally connected to the second spacer elements.
  • the separate configuration offers the advantage of greater flexibility and degrees of freedom in production, while the combined configuration can offer advantages in terms of tightness and stability.
  • the first spacer elements and / or the second spacer elements are particularly advantageously positioned one above the other with respect to a stacking direction of the plates. Such designs promote the mechanical stability of bipolar plates, since the contact forces acting on the bipolar plate in the stack are thus supported at such positions. Short "force flows" can advantageously form along such positions, which generate low local stresses in the plate construction and thus contribute to resistance to breakage.
  • the anode plate advantageously has a first overall height, the coolant plate a second overall height, the cathode plate a third overall height, at least two of the three overall heights, in particular that of the coolant plate, differing from one another from the overall heights of the cathode and anode plates. This enables flexible adaptation to the required space requirements for the respective river fields.
  • the total heights of the cathode plate and anode plate are advantageously the same and reduced compared to the total height of the coolant plate.
  • the anode and / or the cathode plate preferably has a total height in the range from 200 pm to 400 pm, in particular in the range from 250 to 300 pm.
  • the individual plates of the coolant plate preferably each have a thickness in the range from 80 to 120 pm, in particular from 100 pm, which together with the 200 pm long second spacing elements add up to a total height of the coolant plate from 350 to 450, in particular 400 pm.
  • the aforementioned heights proved to be optimal in terms of the compromise between the largest possible duct diameters for operating gases and the highest possible stability of the plate.
  • the bipolar plate according to the invention preferably has a total height of not more than 2 mm and is preferably in a range from 1.1 mm to 2 mm.
  • the first spacer elements of the cathode plate and / or the anode plate and / or the second spacer elements of the coolant plate preferably each form a two-dimensional grid. This avoids a strict channel structure for the coolant supply, which enables cross flows in the cooling channel flow field.
  • the first spacer elements and / or the second spacer elements preferably form a rectangular, square or triangular grid independently of one another.
  • the first spacer elements preferably have triangular, quadrangular, pentagonal, hexagonal or round base areas of up to 2 pm 2 , preferably not more than 1 pm 2 base area.
  • the through openings are then advantageously arranged in the interstitial spaces, in particular in rows.
  • the rows are preferably offset or not offset from one another.
  • the through openings likewise form a two-dimensional lattice, which is offset from the lattice of the first spacer elements in two directions by half a lattice constant.
  • the first spacer elements of one of the plates form a two-dimensional grid and the passage openings of the corresponding plate between the grid points, in particular along a row of first spacer elements and / or in series between two adjacent rows of first spacer elements of the grid are arranged.
  • the first spacer elements of the anode and / or cathode plate have a tapering shape based on the cross-section, starting from the integral connection with the respective plate.
  • This configuration offers advantages in the stabilization and force distribution in the arrangement and compression of the bipolar plate according to the invention. in a fuel cell and at the same time enables an increase in the channel diameter of the respective flow field.
  • a further aspect of the invention relates to a fuel cell and a fuel cell stack, which comprises a stack between two end plates of alternately arranged membrane electrode arrangements and bipolar plates according to the invention.
  • the membrane electrode assembly preferably comprises a gas diffusion layer which is arranged on the flat side of the cathode plate and / or on the flat side of the anode plate.
  • the invention further relates to a fuel cell system and a vehicle which has a fuel cell system with a fuel cell stack according to the invention.
  • the vehicle is preferably an electric vehicle in which an electrical energy generated by the fuel cell system is used to supply an electric traction motor and / or a traction battery.
  • FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a fuel cell system according to a preferred embodiment
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of a membrane electrode assembly
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a bipolar plate in supervision of this;
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic sectional view of a detail of a fuel cell stack according to the invention in a preferred embodiment;
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic sectional view of a detail of a bipolar plate according to the invention in a preferred embodiment
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic illustration of a section of a fuel cell stack according to the invention in an oblique view
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic illustration of a section of an electrode plate of the bipolar plate according to the invention in a preferred embodiment in a view of the flat side;
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic illustration of a section of an electrode plate of the bipolar plate according to the invention in the preferred embodiment in an oblique view of the side opposite the flat side;
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic illustration of a section of a coolant plate of the bipolar plate according to the invention in a preferred embodiment in an oblique view of the flat side;
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic illustration of a section of a coolant plate of the bipolar plate according to the invention in the preferred embodiment in an oblique view of the side opposite the flat side.
  • FIG. 1 shows a fuel cell system, designated overall by 100, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the fuel cell system 100 is part of a driving stuff, in particular an electric vehicle that has an electric traction motor that is supplied with electrical energy by the fuel cell system 100.
  • the fuel cell system 100 comprises a fuel cell stack 10 which has a multiplicity of individual cells 11 arranged in stack form, which are formed by alternately stacked membrane electrode assemblies (MEA) 14 and bipolar plates 15 (see detail section).
  • Each individual cell 11 thus comprises in each case an MEA 14 which has an ion-conductive polymer electrolyte membrane (not shown in more detail here) and catalytic electrodes arranged on both sides thereof, namely an anode and a cathode, which catalyze the respective partial reaction of the fuel cell conversion and in particular as Be - Layers can be formed on the membrane.
  • the anode and cathode electrodes have a catalytic material, for example platinum, which is supported on an electrically conductive carrier material with a large specific surface area, for example a carbon-based material.
  • An anode space 12 is thus formed between a bipolar plate 15 and the anode, and the cathode space 13 is formed between the cathode and the next bipolar plate 15.
  • the bipolar plates 15 serve to supply the operating media into the anode and cathode spaces 12, 13 and furthermore establish the electrical connection between the individual fuel cells 11.
  • Gas diffusion layers can optionally be arranged between the membrane electrode assemblies 14 and the bipolar plates 15.
  • the fuel cell system 100 In order to supply the fuel cell stack 10 with the operating media, the fuel cell system 100 has an anode supply 20 on the one hand and a cathode supply 30 on the other hand.
  • the anode supply 20 comprises an anode supply path 21, which serves to supply an anode operating medium (the fuel), for example hydrogen, into the anode spaces 12 of the fuel cell stack 10.
  • the anode supply path 21 connects a fuel store 23 to an anode inlet of the fuel cell stack 10.
  • the anode supply 20 further includes an anode exhaust gas path 22 which leads the anode exhaust gas out of the anode compartments 12 via an anode outlet of the fuel cell stack 10.
  • the anode operating pressure on the anode sides 12 of the fuel cell stack 10 is via an adjusting means
  • anode supply 20 may be a fuel recirculation line as shown
  • a further adjusting means 26 is arranged in the fuel recirculation line 25, with which the recirculation rate can be adjusted.
  • the cathode supply 30 comprises a cathode supply path 31, which supplies an oxygen-containing cathode operating medium to the cathode spaces 13 of the fuel cell stack 10, in particular air, which is sucked in from the surroundings.
  • the cathode supply 30 further comprises a cathode exhaust gas path 32, which leads the cathode exhaust gas (in particular the exhaust air) out of the cathode spaces 13 of the fuel cell stack 10 and, if necessary, feeds it to an exhaust system, not shown.
  • a compressor 33 is arranged in the cathode supply path 31 for conveying and compressing the cathode operating medium.
  • the compressor 33 is designed as a compressor driven mainly by an electric motor, the drive of which takes place via an electric motor 34 equipped with corresponding power electronics 35.
  • the compressor 33 can also be driven in support by a turbine 36 arranged in the cathode exhaust gas path 32 (optionally with variable turbine geometry) via a common shaft (not shown).
  • the cathode supply 30 can furthermore have a wastegate line 37 which connects the cathode supply line 31 to the cathode exhaust gas line 32, ie represents a bypass of the fuel cell stack 10.
  • the wastegate line 37 allows excess air mass flow to be led past the fuel cell stack 10 without the compressor 33 being shut down.
  • An adjusting means 38 arranged in the wastegate line 37 serves to control the amount of the cathode operating medium that bypasses the fuel cell stack 10.
  • All actuating means 24, 26, 38 of the fuel cell system 100 can be designed as controllable or non-controllable valves or flaps.
  • Corresponding further adjusting means can be arranged in the lines 21, 22, 31 and 32 in order to be able to isolate the fuel cell stack 10 from the environment.
  • the fuel cell system 100 can also have a humidifier module 39.
  • the humidifier module 39 is arranged in the cathode supply path 31 such that the cathode operating gas can flow through it.
  • it is arranged in the cathode exhaust gas path 32 such that the cathode exhaust gas can flow through it.
  • the humidifier 39 typically has a plurality of water vapor-permeable membranes, which are either flat or in the form of hollow fibers. One side of the membranes is flowed over by the comparatively dry cathode operating gas (air) and the other side by the comparatively moist cathode exhaust gas (exhaust gas). Driven by the higher partial pressure of water vapor in the cathode exhaust gas, water vapor passes through the membrane into the cathode operating gas, which is humidified in this way.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 each show an exemplary membrane-electrode arrangement 14 and bipolar plate 15 according to the invention in a plan view.
  • Both components are divided into an active area AA and inactive areas IA.
  • the active area AA is characterized in that the fuel cell reactions take place in this area.
  • the membrane electrode arrangement 14 has a catalytic electrode 143 in the active region AA on both sides of the polymer electrolyte membrane.
  • the inactive areas IA can be divided into supply areas SA and distribution areas DA. Supply openings 144 to 147 on the side of the membrane electrode arrangement 14 and 154 to 159 on the side of the bipolar plate 15 are arranged within the supply areas SA, which in the stacked state are essentially aligned with one another and form main supply channels within the fuel cell stack 10.
  • the anode inlet openings 144 and 154 serve to supply the anode operating gas, ie the fuel, for example hydrogen.
  • the anode outlet openings 145 and 155 serve to discharge the anode exhaust gas after overflow of the active area AA.
  • the cathode inlet openings 146 and 156 serve to supply the cathode operating gas, which is in particular oxygen or an oxygen-containing mixture, preferably air.
  • the cathode outlet openings 147 and 157 serve to discharge the cathode exhaust gas after overflow of the active area AA.
  • the coolant inlet openings 148 and 158 serve for the supply and the coolant outlet openings 149 and 159 for the discharge of the coolant.
  • the MEA 14 has an anode side 141, which is visible in FIG. 2.
  • the catalytic electrode 143 shown is thus designed as an anode, for example as a coating on the polymer electrolyte membrane.
  • the cathode side 142 which is not visible in FIG. 2 has a corresponding catalytic electrode, here the cathode.
  • the polymer electrolyte membrane can extend over the entire spread of the membrane electrode arrangement 14, but at least over the active region AA. In the inactive A reinforcing carrier film which surrounds the membrane can be arranged in regions IA.
  • the bipolar plate 15 shown in FIG. 3 likewise has a cathode side 152 which is visible in the illustration and an invisible anode side 151.
  • the bipolar plate 15 is constructed from two plate halves joined together, the anode plate and the cathode plate.
  • operating medium channels 153 are designed as open channel-like channel structures which connect the cathode inlet opening 156 to the cathode outlet opening 157. Only five exemplary resource channels 153 are shown, with a significantly larger number usually being present.
  • the anode side 151 which is not visible here, has corresponding operating medium channels which connect the anode inlet opening 154 to the anode outlet opening 155.
  • These operating device channels for the anode operating medium are also designed as open, channel-like channel structures. Included in the interior of the bipolar plate 15, in particular between the two plate halves, are coolant channels which connect the coolant inlet opening 158 to the coolant outlet opening 151. Seals are indicated with the broken lines in FIG. 3.
  • Metals or metal alloys or conductive carbon-based materials such as graphite or composite materials made of graphite and carbon can be used as the material for the respective plates.
  • FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 each show a schematic representation of a section of a fuel cell stack 10 according to the invention in the active region AA of the fuel cell stack 10.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 each show a cross-sectional representation, whereas in FIG. 6 the fuel cell stack is shown in an oblique view , A section of a bipolar plate 15 according to the invention is shown, which is arranged on both sides of a membrane 14 in FIGS. 4 and 6.
  • the bipolar plate 15 comprises an anode plate 50, one arranged thereon Coolant plate 60 and a cathode plate 70 arranged on the coolant plate 70, which are stacked one above the other along their long sides.
  • the anode plate 50 and the cathode plate 70 are of the same basic structure and are therefore described below together under the term of the electrode plate 50, 70. It should be noted here that the embodiments to be described apply independently of one another to the anode plate 50 and the cathode plate 70.
  • the electrode plates 50, 70 each have a flat side 54, 74.
  • the flat side 54, 74 has no profiling, that is to say no elevations or channel structures.
  • the membrane-electrode unit 14 is arranged on each of these flat sides 54, 74 of an anode plate 50 and a cathode plate 70.
  • FIG. 7 shows an electrode plate 50, 70 in a plan view of the flat side 54, 74.
  • the flat side 54, 74 is broken through in the active region, in particular at regular intervals by through openings 53, 73.
  • the through openings 53, 73 can have almost any shape and size. However, it is advantageous that they are arranged regularly and have a regular shape, for example a round, elliptical, rectangular, square or polygonal basic shape.
  • the through openings 53, 73 are preferably arranged in the form of a grid, the center points of the through openings 53, 73 each forming the grid points of the grid.
  • the flat surface between the lattice points is preferably at least as large in relation to the active area as the sum of the surface of the through openings 53, 73.
  • first spacer elements 52, 72 are arranged adjacent to the through openings and preferably occupy interstitial spaces of the grid formed by the through openings 53, 73. Regardless of the arrangement of the through openings 53, 73 the first spacer elements 52, 72 themselves form a two-dimensional grid.
  • the through openings 53, 73 preferably have a size of 1 to 2 miti 2 , a side length or the diameter of the through opening 53, 73 preferably being in the range from 500 to 1000 miti.
  • the first spacer elements 52, 72 are integrally connected to the plate 51, 71 of the electrode plate 50, 70. In the present case, there is also an integral connection between the first spacer elements 52, 72 and the plate 51, 71 in a one-piece design of the electrode plate 50, 70 with the first spacer elements 52, 72.
  • the first spacer elements 52, 72 can be clearly seen in particular in FIGS. 4-6 and 8.
  • the first spacer elements 52, 72 taper based on the integral connection. This configuration is preferred because it increases the cross section of the channel, but in no way is it mandatory.
  • the first spacer elements also run straight between the contact points with the plate 51, 71 and coolant plate 60 or taper in the center, so that the contact areas on the two plates 51 and 71 and 60 are essentially the same size.
  • the distance between the first spacer elements 52, 72 is preferably in the range from 300 to 700 mm, preferably in the range from 450 to 550, particularly preferably 500 ⁇ m.
  • the distance relates to the distance between the contact points of adjacent first spacer elements 52, 72 on the electrode plate.
  • the electrode plates 50, 70 are arranged in the layer stack in such a way that the first spacer elements make contact with a flat side 63 of the coolant plate 60.
  • the flat side 63 of the coolant plate 60 functions as a delimitation for operating medium channels of a flow field between the first spacer elements 52, 72.
  • height 58, 78 is preferably in the range between 100 and 500 miti, preferably in the range from 200 to 400 miti, particularly preferably in the range from 250 to 300 miti.
  • the overall height 59, 79 of the electrode plate is independent of one another from 200 to 400 miti, in particular from 300 to 400 miti , preferably from 350 pm.
  • a coolant plate 60 arranged in the layer stack between the electrode plates 50, 70 is configured as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10.
  • the coolant plate 60 comprises a flat plate 63, which is also closed in the active area, that is to say without through openings.
  • second spacer elements 62 are arranged and firmly, in particular integrally or integrally connected to the flat plate.
  • the surface of the flat plate 63 has no elevations or depressions on the side facing away from the second spacing elements 62, but is essentially flat or flat.
  • the second spacer elements 62 like the first spacer elements 52, 72 of the electrode plates 50, 70, have a regular basic shape and extend essentially perpendicular to the surface of the flat plate 63. At least when arranged in a bipolar plate 15 according to the invention, the second ones Spacers 62 in contact with another flat plate 63. Between the two flat plates 63 spaced apart by the second spacer elements 62, a coolant flow field is formed, the height of which is defined by the second spacer elements 62 and is in the range from 150 to 250 pm, in particular at 200 pm.
  • a preferred overall height 69 of the coolant plate 60 results in the range from 300 to 500 pm, preferably from 400 pm.
  • the second spacer elements 62 form a two-dimensional grid, which is preferably positioned above the grid of the first spacer elements 52, 72 with respect to a stacking direction of all plates belonging to the bipolar plate 15 according to the invention.
  • the base area of the second spacer elements 62 that is to say the contact area of the second spacer elements 62 with the flat plates 63 of the coolant plate 60, is preferably the same size as the contact area of the first spacer elements with the flat one Plate 63 of coolant plate 60. Alternatively, they are made larger (as shown in Figure 5) or smaller (not shown). Both serve to shift the compromise between flow channel size and plate stability.
  • All plates 50, 60 and 70 can be made independently of a carbon material, such as graphite, or a metal.
  • the geometry and preferred sizes enable the plates to be made from Grafoil, for example by means of stamping or embossing processes.
  • the bipolar plate 15 according to the invention makes it possible to avoid a reduction of the flow channels by intrusion of a gas diffusion layer belonging to the membrane electrode unit, since this is arranged on the flat plate of the electrode plates 50, 70 and does not form any local pressure points due to the large contact area.
  • MEA membrane electrode arrangement

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une plaque bipolaire (15) pour une pile à combustible présentant une zone active (AA) et une zone inactive (IA), comprenant une pile présentant une plaque anodique (50), une plaque cathodique (70) disposée dans un plan parallèle à la plaque d'agent de refroidissement (60), qui présentent à chaque fois un côté plan, ainsi qu'une pile à combustible et un empilement de cellules l'utilisant. Selon l'invention, la plaque anodique (50) et la plaque cathodique (70) présentent des premiers éléments écarteurs (52, 72) qui sont reliés par liaison de matière sur un côté, opposé au côté plan, de la plaque respective (51, 71) avec celle-ci, la plaque anodique (50) et la plaque cathodique (70) présentant une multitude d'ouvertures de passage (53, 73) dans la zone active (AA).
PCT/EP2019/067348 2018-07-05 2019-06-28 Plaque bipolaire pour piles à combustible pourvues de trois plaques individuelles, ainsi que pile à combustible et empilement de cellules pourvues de telle plaques bipolaires Ceased WO2020007730A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018211078.6A DE102018211078B3 (de) 2018-07-05 2018-07-05 Bipolarplatte für Brennstoffzellen mit drei Einzelplatten, sowie Brennstoffzelle und Brennstoffzellenstapel mit solchen Bipolarplatten
DE102018211078.6 2018-07-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020007730A1 true WO2020007730A1 (fr) 2020-01-09

Family

ID=67539404

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2019/067348 Ceased WO2020007730A1 (fr) 2018-07-05 2019-06-28 Plaque bipolaire pour piles à combustible pourvues de trois plaques individuelles, ainsi que pile à combustible et empilement de cellules pourvues de telle plaques bipolaires

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102018211078B3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020007730A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102024207916A1 (de) 2024-08-21 2026-02-26 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Bipolarplatte für ein Elektrolysesystem

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1432060A1 (fr) 2002-12-10 2004-06-23 Asia Pacific Fuel Cell Technologies, Ltd. Module intégré de plaques bipolaires pour batterie de piles à combustible
DE102007039467A1 (de) 2006-08-24 2008-03-27 GM Global Technology Operations, Inc., Detroit An Gasdiffusionsmedien angehaftete, elektrisch leitende Stege und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und Verwendung
US20110223512A1 (en) * 2008-11-13 2011-09-15 Trumpf Werkzeugmaschinen Gmbh + Co. Kg Fuel Cell Without Bipolar Plates
DE102016200398A1 (de) 2016-01-14 2017-07-20 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Bipolarplatte für Brennstoffzellen mit drei Einzelplatten, Brennstoffzellenstapel mit solchen Bipolarplatten sowie Fahrzeug mit einem solchen Brennstoffzellenstapel

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20150142797A (ko) * 2014-06-11 2015-12-23 현대자동차주식회사 연료전지용 분리판 및 이를 포함하는 연료전지 셀
DE102016122590A1 (de) * 2016-11-23 2018-05-24 Audi Ag Polarplatte für eine Brennstoffzelle und Brennstoffzellenstapel

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1432060A1 (fr) 2002-12-10 2004-06-23 Asia Pacific Fuel Cell Technologies, Ltd. Module intégré de plaques bipolaires pour batterie de piles à combustible
DE102007039467A1 (de) 2006-08-24 2008-03-27 GM Global Technology Operations, Inc., Detroit An Gasdiffusionsmedien angehaftete, elektrisch leitende Stege und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und Verwendung
US20110223512A1 (en) * 2008-11-13 2011-09-15 Trumpf Werkzeugmaschinen Gmbh + Co. Kg Fuel Cell Without Bipolar Plates
DE102016200398A1 (de) 2016-01-14 2017-07-20 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Bipolarplatte für Brennstoffzellen mit drei Einzelplatten, Brennstoffzellenstapel mit solchen Bipolarplatten sowie Fahrzeug mit einem solchen Brennstoffzellenstapel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102018211078B3 (de) 2019-11-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3378117B1 (fr) Plaque bipolaire à sections d'étanchéité asymétriques et empilement de piles à combustible muni d'une telle plaque bipolaire
WO2017186770A1 (fr) Plaque bipolaire comportant des canaux à gaz réactif présentant des surfaces de section transversale variables, empilement de pile à combustible et véhicule équipé d'un tel empilement de pile à combustible
DE102015225228A1 (de) Bipolarplatte für eine Brennstoffzelle sowie Brennstoffzellenstapel mit einer solchen
DE102017124843B4 (de) Einzelzelle einer Brennstoffzelle
WO2017025555A1 (fr) Plaque bipolaire ainsi qu'empilement de piles à combustible muni d'une plaque bipolaire de ce type
EP3430662A1 (fr) Plaque bipolaire à largeur variable des canaux à gaz de réaction dans la zone d'entrée de la zone active, empilement de cellules à combustible et système de cellules à combustible comportant de telles plaques bipolaires et véhicule
WO2010054744A1 (fr) Plaque bipolaire pour un agencement de piles à combustible, en particulier destinée à être placée entre deux agencements d'électrodes à membrane dans un empilement de piles à combustible
DE102016121506B4 (de) Bipolarplatte sowie Brennstoffzelle mit einer solchen
WO2019048156A1 (fr) Assemblage membrane-électrodes, empilement de cellules élémentaires ainsi que véhicule doté d'un tel empilement de cellules élémentaires
DE102019209766A1 (de) Brennstoffzellenplatte, Bipolarplatte und Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung
DE102016200398A1 (de) Bipolarplatte für Brennstoffzellen mit drei Einzelplatten, Brennstoffzellenstapel mit solchen Bipolarplatten sowie Fahrzeug mit einem solchen Brennstoffzellenstapel
DE102004058117B4 (de) Dickenoptimierte Bipolarplatte für Brennstoffzellenstapel sowie Bipolarplattenanordnung in einem Brennstoffzellenstapel
DE102015218757B4 (de) Brennstoffzellenstapel und Brennstoffzellensystem
EP3736894B1 (fr) Plaque bipolaire pour piles à combustible, empilement de piles à combustible doté de telles plaques bipolaires ainsi que véhicule doté d'un tel empilement de piles à combustible
DE102015223040A1 (de) Brennstoffzelle sowie Brennstoffzellensystem mit einer solchen
DE102015223640A1 (de) Brennstoffzellenstapel
DE102016200055A1 (de) Flussfeldplatte und Bipolarplatte sowie Brennstoffzelle
WO2017085030A1 (fr) Empilement de piles à combustible, comprenant des plaques bipolaires, et système de piles à combustible
DE102018211078B3 (de) Bipolarplatte für Brennstoffzellen mit drei Einzelplatten, sowie Brennstoffzelle und Brennstoffzellenstapel mit solchen Bipolarplatten
EP4165706B1 (fr) Pile individuelle et empilement de piles à combustible ayant des structures élastiques pour distribuer uniformément des milieux de travail
DE102017101954A1 (de) Membran-Elektroden-Anordnung und Brennstoffzellenstapel
WO2016030095A1 (fr) Plaque bipolaire et pile à combustible
DE102015223930A1 (de) Bipolarplatte sowie Brennstoffzelle
EP3953986A1 (fr) Plaque bipolaire pour piles à combustibles, empilement de piles à combustible comprenant de telles plaques bipolaires ainsi que véhicule comprenant un tel empilement de piles à combustible
DE102019206117A1 (de) Brennstoffzellenstapel umfassend variable Biopolarplatten

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 19749200

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 19749200

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1