EP3418452A1 - Mechanisiertes, ferngesteuertes, geführtes senken eines pneumatischen caissons - Google Patents

Mechanisiertes, ferngesteuertes, geführtes senken eines pneumatischen caissons Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3418452A1
EP3418452A1 EP18178581.7A EP18178581A EP3418452A1 EP 3418452 A1 EP3418452 A1 EP 3418452A1 EP 18178581 A EP18178581 A EP 18178581A EP 3418452 A1 EP3418452 A1 EP 3418452A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
working chamber
dredge
caisson
excavating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP18178581.7A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Bartholomeus Jacobus Admiraal
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
VAN HATTUM EN BLANKEVOORT BV
Original Assignee
Volker Staal En Funderingen Bv
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Volker Staal En Funderingen Bv filed Critical Volker Staal En Funderingen Bv
Publication of EP3418452A1 publication Critical patent/EP3418452A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D23/00—Caissons; Construction or placing of caissons
    • E02D23/08—Lowering or sinking caissons
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
    • E02D15/08—Sinking workpieces into water or soil inasmuch as not provided for elsewhere

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the mechanized and remotely controlled excavation of the working chamber under a, preferably pneumatic, caisson or shaft, with the purpose of forming the caisson or shaft, which is a structure such as a building with, for example, accommodation spaces and, as a rule, a height of at least 5 or 10 or 25 or 50 meters, to sink, for example where the structure moves vertically downwards during sinking over a distance of at least 5 or 10 or 25 or 50 meters.
  • a structure such as a building with, for example, accommodation spaces and, as a rule, a height of at least 5 or 10 or 25 or 50 meters, to sink, for example where the structure moves vertically downwards during sinking over a distance of at least 5 or 10 or 25 or 50 meters.
  • the term “caisson” also means “shaft”.
  • the invention is particularly intended for a pneumatic caisson, it could also be applicable to a non-pneumatic caisson. This document mainly discusses the application for a pneumatic caisson.
  • a water jet is supplied by a water cannon and is thick and powerful.
  • a water spray is thin and less powerful.
  • a water jet is independently capable of eroding the soil sufficiently.
  • a water jet system is used to support a mechanical eroding the ground element, such as a milling or cutter head.
  • a pneumatic caisson is used in an area with relatively high water level or groundwater level.
  • At the under side of the bottom (which, with a view to generating a pneumatic vacuum in the working chamber, is sufficiently and preferably completely airtight, possibly with the exception of slight air leaks due to, for example, functional penetrations) of the caisson, there is a downwardly projecting cutting edge which laterally delimits sufficiently and preferably completely airtight a working chamber.
  • the caisson bottom forms the ceiling and the soil the bottom of the work room. By digging out the work room, the caisson sinks under its own weight in the soil and becomes a fully or partly underground or underwater structure, such as building.
  • the caisson bottom drops below the local water level, for example ground water level, below and around the caisson
  • the (pneumatic) air pressure in the workroom is increased and the water level under the caisson is thus temporarily reduced, so that the workroom remains dry and therefore accessible to people.
  • the object of the invention is versatile.
  • the aim is to avoid having workers in the work room present during sinking.
  • the goal is a mechanization such that outside the workroom, for example on top of the caisson, the process of excavating in the workroom can be followed reliably, so that the process can be controlled outside the workroom.
  • the aim is to make the soil pumpable not only by means of spraying loose, but also by means of mechanical cutting. Loosening has the advantage that soil can be pumped away and removed in larger chunks, so that the separation of the water outside the caisson can take place more quickly and effectively. This is particularly important for extremely fine granular materials such as silt, malm and clay.
  • the goal is to be able to measure the process of loosening and discharging soil so as to be able to control the process on efficiency. Other aspects will be apparent from the foregoing or the following.
  • an excavation technique such as a dredge technique
  • a dredge element for example dredge pump
  • This element forms part of, for example, a device comprising the following: A rotating central attachment, an adjustable arm construction, for example sliding or articulating several parts for a flexible range of the free end with a soil removing tool such as a dredge pump with sprays, a cutting or milling head.
  • This earth removing device is preferably suspended from the ceiling.
  • the excavation element excavates and/or erodes the water bottom
  • liquid such as water
  • the excavation takes place under wet conditions and the material released from the soil is made pumpable by mixing with this liquid, and the material released is pumped out of the work chamber. and flows away from the work room by a pipe extending from the work room.
  • an air layer is present in the work chamber above the layer of water (the usual English term for this is "head space"), preferably this air layer has a height from the ceiling of the workroom such that the view in the workroom is optimally free, the dredge pump is sufficient under water and quick switching is possible for specific situations between completely dry working chamber (supply of extra air, pumping of water), and completely under water (removal of air, the supply of water).
  • the air layer has a height of 0.5 or 1.0 or 2 meters or a height of at least 0.5 or 1.0 or 2.0 meters.
  • the air layer gives one or more of the following advantages: protection of parts of the workroom and/or tools or parts thereof located therein against the groundwater located in the workroom and substances therein, such as sand; better monitoring with cameras which are located above water in the working chamber and of which the vision is not impeded by the turbidity of water; provides the possibility to work efficiently with water jets directed at the bottom from a high level, for example from the ceiling.
  • one or more water jets are used in the working chamber, preferably from a water cannon in the working chamber, preferably suspended from the ceiling.
  • the water jets preferably process the soil in areas that are unreachable for the excavation element/dredge element.
  • the suspension points of the water cannons are located mutually and/or in relation to the suspension point of the excavating element at a distance, preferably measured parallel to the caisson bottom, for instance at least 0.5 or 2 meters (mutually) respectively 3 or 5 meters (excavation element).
  • Excavation element and/or water cannons/water jets are preferably controlled in distance from their suspension point and/or in direction to cover a bottom area and thus to be excavated over the entire range.
  • a possible procedure is as follows: during operation of the water jets, the water layer is minimal or missing so that the water jets can work the soil as good as possible.
  • the water layer is sufficiently deep to be able to dredge properly, for example at least 0.5 or 1.0 meters.
  • the caisson rests directly or interposed with one or more shape solid bodies on the ground and/or does not float on a liquid such as water; the method or apparatus is suitable for all in a delta area, such as Holland, common types of soil, such as peat, clay, loam, sand, gravel, and that, in consistencies of loosely to very solid, or where appropriate consolidated; cohesieve types of soil, such as clay, are in small chunks dredged/excavated, for example, in order to allow fast settling after discharge; an excavation or dredge element, such as a dredge pump, possibly loosening the soil, such as one or more of water sprays, cutting head or milling head for excavating and possibly pumping the soil as a groundwater suspension as a discharge system
  • suspension point and/or the excavation element water cannon or bucket or jet needles or dredge wheel or grab or plough or harrow; excavating element on an articulated arm with, for example, fixed pivot point; the suspension point moves along rigid arm suspended around a vertical axis; the suspension point is movable along rails at e.g. ceiling; the suspension point is located on a chassis running over the ground.
  • the movements of the excavating element become one or more of measured, recorded and visualized with the use of an apparatus, for example a camera, which is placed inside the workspace, for example for dimensional representation where soil has been dredged away.
  • data for example one or more of power, speed, flow rate, fluid pressure, flow rate and dry matter content, of one or more of the excavating element, the cutting head and the contents of the dredge sludge pipe are measured and/or recorded, for example to control process efficiency.
  • the working space can be filled with, preferably solid, filling material, such as granular material such as sand or hardening material such as concrete, after completion of the sinking.
  • filling material such as granular material such as sand or hardening material such as concrete
  • the work space has, for example, seen in plan view, an elongated, for instance rectangular, shape, for example a length at least 1.5 times the width, for example 15 meters wide and 25 meters long.
  • a straight side is at least 10 meters long.
  • the dry matter content of the dredge sludge can, for example, be determined by measuring the density of the dredge sludge.
  • the dredge sludge discharge pipe is preferably provided with one or more sensors sensitive to the contents of the pipe, for instance for measuring the flow velocity and/or pressure of the liquid inside the pipe, preferably near the pipe end debouching into the working space.
  • the dredge sludge pipe is at least 10 or 50 or 100 meters long.
  • FIG. 1A shows the beginning of the excavation in the workspace, where a worker is in the workspace.
  • An airlock is indicated by 11.
  • FIG. 1B the workspace is completely excavated so that the caisson can move downwards.
  • FIG. 1C the sinking is completed, the desired final depth is achieved with the caisson.
  • the working space is filled with filling material, such as hardening material such as concrete.
  • the dredge head 3 pivots about a horizontal axis relative to the arm 1; the arm 1 pivots about a vertical axis with respect to the bottom 2 and can slide in its longitudinal direction (arrow X).
  • the dredge head 3 contains a pump which emits water via the cutting head (arrow A) and draws dredge material behind the cutting head (arrow B).
  • the supply and discharge lines for water and dredge sludge run from the head 3 along the arm 1 to the suspension point 9 of the arm and from there up through the mounting hole in the caisson bottom 2 and open out of the working chamber into a water source or a water source. grout.
  • the sliding guide 10 can be seen at the lower end of the vertical suspension tube 9.
  • the suspension tube 9 is mounted on top of the bottom 2 in Fig. 5 by mounting means (e.g. threaded ends) and can be designed with a lifting device.
  • the lower end of the mounting tube can be retracted into the bottom 2.
  • the mounting hole can be closed airtight from below with a cover 11 so that the mounting hole is freely accessible from above for handling the suspension tube.
  • the mounting hole is closed air-tight from above and the suspension tube can be fitted leak-free at the bottom of the bottom 2 (left-hand picture of fig. 5 ).
  • the air-tightness of the workroom is ensured during operation and also during the assembly/disassembly of the excavation device.
  • FIG. 6 shows a workspace that is partially submerged.
  • the dredger head 3 In the flooded part the dredger head 3 is active and is flooded.
  • water jets supplied by water cannon 4 are active.
  • the water-sand mixture made by the water jets flows to the lower area where the dredger head is active.
  • a camera 5 With a camera 5, the process inside the workspace is supervised from outside the workspace. Water canon 4 and camera 5 are located above the liquid mirror 6 in the working chamber.
  • the groundwater level is artificially lowered directly from the level 7 to the level 6 below the caisson by using a pneumatic pressure well above the atmospheric pressure in the workroom.
  • the working chamber is at a pneumatic pressure, for example, approximately equal to the atmospheric pressure, it is in the course of the process of lowering elevated dependent from the local groundwater pressure at the depth at which the caisson is located in order to control the height of the dry space sufficiently accurately, in order to artificially and temporarily reduce the groundwater level in the workroom.
  • This pressure increase is as a rule at least 0.01 or 0.25 or 0.5 bar.
  • the invention also relates to an apparatus for carrying out the method defined in one of the accompanying claims.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
EP18178581.7A 2017-06-19 2018-06-19 Mechanisiertes, ferngesteuertes, geführtes senken eines pneumatischen caissons Pending EP3418452A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL2019095 2017-06-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3418452A1 true EP3418452A1 (de) 2018-12-26

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EP18178581.7A Pending EP3418452A1 (de) 2017-06-19 2018-06-19 Mechanisiertes, ferngesteuertes, geführtes senken eines pneumatischen caissons

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EP (1) EP3418452A1 (de)
NL (1) NL2021150B1 (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2019049142A (ja) * 2017-09-11 2019-03-28 大成建設株式会社 ケーソンの開口率算定システム、開口率算定方法及び開口率算定プログラム
CN114197510A (zh) * 2022-01-05 2022-03-18 朱庆华 一种用于安装一体化预制泵站可调节高度的沉井筒体固定结构及施工方法
CN114411847A (zh) * 2022-03-15 2022-04-29 王磊 一种多功能水利工程清淤装置
JP2023027690A (ja) * 2021-08-17 2023-03-02 大成建設株式会社 ケーソン下部構造およびその構築方法
JP2024124813A (ja) * 2023-03-03 2024-09-13 大豊建設株式会社 脱出システム、及び、脱出方法

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL7903255A (nl) 1979-04-25 1980-10-28 Ver Nbm Bedrijven Nv Werkwijze voor het in de grond brengen van een bouwwerk.
EP0260143A2 (de) 1986-09-10 1988-03-16 LME Petroscope Limited Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Anlegen von Unterwassersilos
JPH01187228A (ja) * 1988-01-19 1989-07-26 Kajima Corp ニューマチックケーソンの沈設管理システム
JPH03125722A (ja) 1989-10-11 1991-05-29 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd ケーソン沈下工法およびそのための浚渫装置
JPH07119155B2 (ja) 1989-07-10 1995-12-20 沖電気工業株式会社 冊子の自動頁めくり方法
JPH11152753A (ja) 1997-11-20 1999-06-08 Shiraishi Corp ニューマチックケーソン沈下掘削方法及び掘削設備
CN1766238A (zh) 2004-10-26 2006-05-03 光洋自动机株式会社 沉箱用挖掘装置
WO2010111947A1 (zh) 2009-03-31 2010-10-07 Lu Runian 建造水下构筑物的液化弃土施工方法
WO2010139380A1 (de) 2009-06-02 2010-12-09 Herrenknecht Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zum erstellen eines unterwasserfundaments eines bauwerks

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL7903255A (nl) 1979-04-25 1980-10-28 Ver Nbm Bedrijven Nv Werkwijze voor het in de grond brengen van een bouwwerk.
EP0260143A2 (de) 1986-09-10 1988-03-16 LME Petroscope Limited Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Anlegen von Unterwassersilos
JPH01187228A (ja) * 1988-01-19 1989-07-26 Kajima Corp ニューマチックケーソンの沈設管理システム
JPH07119155B2 (ja) 1989-07-10 1995-12-20 沖電気工業株式会社 冊子の自動頁めくり方法
JPH03125722A (ja) 1989-10-11 1991-05-29 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd ケーソン沈下工法およびそのための浚渫装置
JPH11152753A (ja) 1997-11-20 1999-06-08 Shiraishi Corp ニューマチックケーソン沈下掘削方法及び掘削設備
CN1766238A (zh) 2004-10-26 2006-05-03 光洋自动机株式会社 沉箱用挖掘装置
WO2010111947A1 (zh) 2009-03-31 2010-10-07 Lu Runian 建造水下构筑物的液化弃土施工方法
WO2010139380A1 (de) 2009-06-02 2010-12-09 Herrenknecht Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zum erstellen eines unterwasserfundaments eines bauwerks

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2019049142A (ja) * 2017-09-11 2019-03-28 大成建設株式会社 ケーソンの開口率算定システム、開口率算定方法及び開口率算定プログラム
JP2023027690A (ja) * 2021-08-17 2023-03-02 大成建設株式会社 ケーソン下部構造およびその構築方法
JP7499222B2 (ja) 2021-08-17 2024-06-13 大成建設株式会社 ケーソン下部構造およびその構築方法
CN114197510A (zh) * 2022-01-05 2022-03-18 朱庆华 一种用于安装一体化预制泵站可调节高度的沉井筒体固定结构及施工方法
CN114411847A (zh) * 2022-03-15 2022-04-29 王磊 一种多功能水利工程清淤装置
JP2024124813A (ja) * 2023-03-03 2024-09-13 大豊建設株式会社 脱出システム、及び、脱出方法

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