Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
  • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
  • F01D11/08—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator
  • F01D11/12—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator using a rubstrip, e.g. erodible. deformable or resiliently-biased part
  • F01D11/122—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator using a rubstrip, e.g. erodible. deformable or resiliently-biased part with erodable or abradable material
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
  • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
  • F01D5/12—Blades
  • F01D5/14—Form or construction
  • F01D5/147—Construction, i.e. structural features, e.g. of weight-saving hollow blades
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
  • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
  • F01D5/12—Blades
  • F01D5/14—Form or construction
  • F01D5/20—Specially-shaped blade tips to seal space between tips and stator
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
  • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
  • F01D5/30—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
  • F05D2220/00—Application
  • F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
  • F05D2220/36—Application in turbines specially adapted for the fan of turbofan engines
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
  • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
  • F05D2230/80—Repairing, retrofitting or upgrading methods
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
  • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
  • F05D2230/90—Coating; Surface treatment
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
  • F05D2240/00—Components
  • F05D2240/55—Seals
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
  • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
  • F05D2300/40—Organic materials
  • F05D2300/44—Resins

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a blade and a method of reloading an abradable layer on an inner surface of a turbomachine casing for surrounding the blade.
• the state of the art notably comprises the documents US-A1 - 2002/090302, EP-A1-2,813,672, DE-A1-16,2262, EP-A1-2,899,371 and US-A1 -2007 / 243070. .
• a turbomachine comprises rotor blades that rotate inside housings. It is known to provide on the inner surface of such a housing a layer of abradable material with which the ends of the blades are intended to cooperate by friction to limit the flow of non-functional leakage air between these ends and the housing, and thus optimize the performance of the turbomachine.
• the abradable layer is intended to wear out by friction as mentioned above. When it is too worn or when it is damaged for example by impacts of foreign bodies, it must be repaired to maintain the expected performance of the turbomachine.
• the present invention provides a simple, effective and economical solution to this problem.
• the invention proposes a blade, in particular a fan blade, for reloading an abradable layer on an inner surface of a turbomachine casing intended to surround the blade, the blade having a foot and a blade having a apex opposite to said foot, the foot comprising a housing for storing or passing a polymerizable resurfacing resin, and the blade having longitudinal conduits whose first ends are connected to said housing and whose opposite ends open at said apex.
• the invention is particularly advantageous because it uses a blade for reloading an abradable layer.
• This blade is in fact configured to be able to deposit or projecting the reloading resin during the rotation of the rotor that supports the blade. Under the effect of centrifugal forces, the resin is intended to move from the housing into the ducts and up to the top of the blade, to be then deposited or projected on the housing.
• the reloading of the layer can be performed under wing without removing the turbomachine and therefore with a limited time of immobilization of the aircraft.
• the blade according to the invention may comprise one or more of the following characteristics, taken separately from each other or in combination with each other:
• the dawn comprises a series of longitudinal channels substantially aligned along a rope of the dawn
• the blade further comprises a scraping member, or even spreading, fixed on said top,
• said member is removably attached to said end, for example by interlocking
• said organ has an elongate shape and extends along a rope of the blade; the member and the ducts may extend along the same rope of the blade, so that they can communicate with each other for example, - said member comprises a cavity in fluid communication with outlets of said ducts for its supply in resin, and at least a resin distribution channel extending from said cavity to an end of the member opposite said foot.
• the invention also relates to a method of reloading an abradable layer on an inner surface of a fan casing of a turbomachine, comprising the following steps:
• the method comprises a step of spreading and scraping the deposited resin, by means of said member.
• blades of the rotor are replaced by blades as described above, which are regularly distributed around the axis of rotation of the rotor.
• Figure 1 is a schematic half-view in axial section of a turbomachine fan, Figure 1 showing the outer periphery of the fan to a smaller scale than its inner periphery;
• FIG. 2 is a very schematic perspective view of a blade according to the invention.
• FIG. 3 is a very schematic front view of a fan rotor equipped with four blades according to the invention.
• FIG. 4 is a very schematic view of an end of a blade according to the invention.
• FIG. 1 partially represents a fan 10 of a turbomachine, such as an aircraft turbojet engine.
• a turbomachine comprises from upstream to downstream, that is to say in the flow direction of the gas flows, a blower, one or more compressors, a combustion chamber, one or more turbines, and a nozzle for ejecting the combustion gases leaving the turbine or turbines.
• the fan 10 is located at the upstream end of the turbomachine. It comprises a rotor 12 comprising a hub 14 bearing an annular row of blades 16, called fan blades, the rotor 12 rotating inside a retention casing 18.
• the rotor 12 comprises at its outer periphery an annular row of foot mounting cells 20 of the blades 16.
• Each cell 22 generally has a dovetail-shaped section and each blade root has a shape complementary to the blade. alveole to allow a mounting of the blade by fitting its foot into the cell.
• a wedge can be inserted between the foot of a blade and the bottom of the cell 22 for receiving this foot, in order to immobilize it.
• Each blade 16 comprises a blade 24 which extends from the root radially outwardly relative to the axis A of rotation of the rotor 12.
• the blade comprises an apex opposite the foot, that is to say its radially outer end.
• the retention housing 18 here has a generally cylindrical shape and extends around the fan blades 16. It comprises an inner cylindrical surface on which is provided an annular layer 26 of abradable material. This layer 26 surrounds the blades 16 and extends over the entire longitudinal dimension of the blades along the axis A.
• the fan rotor 12 is located downstream of an inlet cone 28, which can be secured to the rotor 12, and upstream of an annular separator 30 which its function is to divide the annular inlet air stream which passes through the fan blades, into two coaxial annular veins, respectively internal for the generation of a primary flow or hot flow, and external for the generation of a flow secondary or cold flow.
• the invention relates to a blade for reloading an abradable layer on the inner surface of a housing such as the casing 18 of FIG.
• the foot 20 of the blade 12, better visible in Figure 2, comprises a housing 32 for storing or passing a polymerizable resurfacing resin.
• this housing 32 can be connected to a source of resin and ensure the distribution of the resin to the rest of the blade, or form itself the resin source.
• the housing 32 may directly contain the resin or be designed to receive a resin cartridge.
• the resin may be of the two-component type and thus comprise two components, such as a resin component and a hardener component, to be mixed and cured by polymerization, for example at room temperature.
• the epoxy resin marketed by 3M under the name Scotch-Weld TM is suitable for example for this application.
• the blade 24 of the blade 16 comprises several channels 34 for conveying the resin to the top of the blade.
• These channels are longitudinal, that is to say they extend along the longitudinal axis of the blade, which is a substantially radial axis with respect to the axis A.
• the channels 34 are preferably substantially rectilinids to facilitate the aforementioned routing. They have for example a diameter of a few millimeters, this diameter being naturally a function of the viscosity of the resin at its temperature of use.
• the ducts 34 extend between the housing 32 and the top of the blade 24.
• the radially inner ends of the ducts 34 open into the housing 32 and their radially outer ends open on a radially outer end surface 36 of the blade, which is intended to face the abradable layer 26.
• Figures 2 and 4 show in more detail the end surface 36 and the outlets 39 of the ducts 34 on this surface 36.
• the number of internal ducts in the blade can be relatively high. They can be grouped together in groups, as shown in FIG. 4.
• the ducts 34 can be distributed on the surface and be aligned along a rope of the blade.
• the top of the blade 16 is advantageously equipped with a spreading and scraping member 38, which is applied and fixed on the end surface 36.
• the member 38 has an elongate shape and is intended to extend along the rope of the blade. It is advantageously fixed removably on the blade, for example by interlocking or snap elastic.
• the member 38 comprises pins 40 or clips intended to cooperate with orifices 42 provided at the top of the blade and opening on the surface 36, these pins being visible in Figure 5.
• This figure shows a embodiment of the member 38 which comprises a cavity 44 intended to be in fluid communication with the outlets 39 of the ducts 34 for its supply of resin.
• the member 38 may comprise a radially inner bottom wall pierced with orifices intended to be aligned with the outlets 39 of the ducts, when the member is mounted on the blade.
• the member 38 further comprises at least one resin distribution channel 46 extending from the cavity 44 to a radially outer end of the member 38. This end is preferably configured to spread the resin and scrape the excess resin . It is shaped to reproduce the theoretical profile of the air inlet duct of the blower.
• the invention also relates to a method of reloading an abradable layer 26 comprising the steps of: - Remove at least one blade of the rotor and replace it with a blade 16 as described above,
• the method comprises a step of spreading and scraping the deposited resin, by means of this member.
• vanes of the rotor are replaced by blades 16.
• These blades 16 are preferably regularly distributed around the axis of rotation of the rotor, the other vanes, d
• the origin of the rotor is not shown in the figure for the sake of clarity.
• a pump is used to force the resin to flow from the housing of each blade along its internal ducts.
• the pump can be set to a pressure of 150 bar and the blower can be rotated, for example manually or by self-rotation, when the pump is turned on.
• the resin is forced to flow into the conduits by the sole centrifugal force applied due to the rotation of the blower, for example at a speed of about 500 rpm.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=56101699

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Family Cites Families (12)

• 2016
  • 2016-04-12 FR FR1653220A patent/FR3049978B1/fr active Active
• 2017
  • 2017-04-10 CN CN201780025838.8A patent/CN109072707B/zh active Active
  • 2017-04-10 WO PCT/FR2017/050862 patent/WO2017178747A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2017-04-10 US US16/092,733 patent/US10982560B2/en active Active
  • 2017-04-10 EP EP17721425.1A patent/EP3443202B1/de active Active

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