EP3444364B1 - Alliage à base de platine, son utilisation - Google Patents

Alliage à base de platine, son utilisation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3444364B1
EP3444364B1 EP17186552.0A EP17186552A EP3444364B1 EP 3444364 B1 EP3444364 B1 EP 3444364B1 EP 17186552 A EP17186552 A EP 17186552A EP 3444364 B1 EP3444364 B1 EP 3444364B1
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Prior art keywords
based alloy
platinum based
alloying element
platinum
alloy
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3444364A1 (fr
Inventor
Fanny LALIRE
Stéphane POMMIER
Frédéric DIOLOGENT
Tanja TROSCH
Uwe Glatzel
Rainer VÖLKL
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Richemont International SA
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Richemont International SA
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
    • C22C5/04—Alloys based on a platinum group metal

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a platinum based alloy comprising platinum and at least three different alloying elements. Due to its properties such as hardness, porosity or grain size, this alloy may be used to manufacture luxury goods.
  • metals such as gold or platinum are usually alloyed with one or more elements in order to improve their hardness and their ductility.
  • gold is a soft metal, it is usually alloyed with copper, silver or palladium in order to increase its hardness.
  • additional elements can also allow the formulation of colored gold. For instance, gold may be alloyed with nickel or palladium so as to afford white gold. Gold may be alloyed with copper so as to afford rose gold.
  • platinum may be alloyed with one or more of gallium, copper, cobalt, tungsten, iridium, rhodium, ruthenium...
  • gallium, copper, cobalt, tungsten, iridium, rhodium, ruthenium may be alloyed with one or more of gallium, copper, cobalt, tungsten, iridium, rhodium, ruthenium.
  • the introduction of specific elements may improve the castability and workability of platinum, as well as the quality of the final casted parts regarding mechanical properties, color, polished state, porosities...
  • JPS61133339 A disclosed a Pt-(3-8)%Cr-(3-7%)Mn alloy with a hardness ranging from 210-320 Hv.
  • the present invention provides a platinum based alloy exhibiting these properties. It also affords an alternative to platinum alloys comprising gallium.
  • the present invention relates to a platinum based alloy that is easily castable and exhibits optimal properties and quality such as workability, hardness, porosity and grain size. Dues to its properties, this alloy is particularly appropriate for substituting the PtCuGa alloy commonly used in jewelry applications.
  • the invention relates to a platinum based alloy consisting of:
  • the platinum based alloy does not contain any gallium.
  • the absence of gallium results in lowering the solidification interval; a narrow window may allow avoiding chemical segregating or other defects. It also results in avoiding premature hardening during brazing, welding..., which usually leads to uneven properties and flaws.
  • the platinum based alloy is therefore constituted of Pt; Mn and/or V; Pd and/or Cr; and at least one of Ir, Cu, Au, Fe, Al, W, Rh, Ge and Y.
  • the platinum based alloy may contain impurities.
  • the amount of impurities is generally insignificant as it does not amount to more than 500 ppm in weight, more preferably no more than 100 ppm, and even more preferably no more than 50 ppm.
  • 850 wt%o or more of platinum means that, for 1000 parts by weight of platinum based alloy, said alloy contains at least 850 parts by weight of platinum i.e. at least 85 wt%.
  • 0.1 wt%o to 100 wt%o preferably 0.1 wt%o to 50 wt%o, more preferably 1 wt%o to 50 wt%o, even, more preferably 1 wt%o to 25 wt%o
  • 0.1 wt%o to 25 wt%o also includes the 0.1 wt%o to 25 wt%o range.
  • the alloy according to the invention has a homogeneous composition; the different elements are homogeneously spread within the alloy. It necessarily contains at least 4 elements: Pt, first alloying element, second alloying element and third alloying element. It may contain up to 14 elements: Pt; Mn and V (first alloying element); Pd and Cr (second alloying element); Ir, Cu, Au, Fe, Al, W, Rh, Ge and Y (third alloying element).
  • the alloy may comprise any one of the following combinations of elements:
  • the third alloying element is at least one of Ir, Cu, Au, Fe, Al, W, Rh, Ge and Y.
  • the platinum based alloy contains at least 850 wt%o of platinum. However, according to a preferred embodiment, it may contain between 850 wt%o and 990 wt%o of platinum.
  • it contains 950 wt%o or more of platinum, preferably 953 wt%o or more of platinum.
  • the platinum based alloy may contain only one of manganese or vanadium, it may comprise both of these elements. Manganese and/or vanadium are usually added to the alloy in order to improve its hardness and its mechanical properties.
  • the platinum based alloy contains from 0.1 wt%o to 100 wt%o of manganese and/or vanadium. It preferably contains between 0.1 wt%o and 50 wt%o of at least one of manganese and vanadium, more preferably between 1 wt%o and 50 wt%o, even more preferably between 5 wt%o and 35 wt%o.
  • the platinum based alloy may contain only one of palladium or chromium. Nevertheless, it may comprise both of these elements. Palladium and/or chromium may be added to the alloy in order to improve its casting properties. Indeed, the melting point (or melting range) of the alloy can be adjusted by introducing more or less of Pd and/or Cr.
  • the platinum based alloy contains from 0.1 wt%o to 100 wt%o of palladium and/or chromium. It preferably contains between 0.1 wt%o and 50 wt%o of at least one of palladium and chromium, more preferably between 1 wt%o and 50 wt%o, even, more preferably between 1 wt%o and 25 wt%o.
  • the platinum based alloy also contains a non-zero quantity of at least one third alloying element, i.e. a non-zero quantity of any of iridium, copper, gold, iron, aluminum, tungsten, rhodium, germanium, yttrium and mixtures thereof. It contains at least 0.1 wt%o of third alloying element. It may comprise no more than 50 wt%o of third alloying element, even more preferably no more than 30 wt%o, and even more preferably no more than 25 wt%o. It can therefore comprise between 0.1 wt%o and 30 wt%o of third alloying element.
  • the alloy according to the invention is preferably used in jewelry, its properties such as hardness or castability have to be controlled. Based on the above, the skilled person in the art will therefore adjust the amount of Ir, Cu, Au, Fe, Al, W, Rh, Ge and Y in order to obtain the desired properties.
  • the platinum based alloy may contain any one of the following combinations of alloying elements:
  • the alloy contains an amount of iridium that is preferably between 0.01 and 50 wt%o, more preferably between 2 and 20 wt%o, even more preferably between 3 and 19 wt%o.
  • the alloy contains an amount of copper that is preferably between 0.01 and 50 wt%o, more preferably between 3 and 13 wt%o.
  • the alloy contains an amount of gold that is preferably between 0.01 and 50 wt%o, more preferably between 4 and 22 wt%o.
  • the alloy contains an amount of iron that is preferably between 0.01 and 50 wt%o, more preferably between 3 and 12 wt%o.
  • the alloy contains an amount of aluminum that is preferably between 0.01 and 25 wt%o, more preferably between 15 and 25 wt%o.
  • the alloy contains an amount of tungsten that is preferably between 0.01 and 50 wt%o, more preferably between 9 and 11 wt%o.
  • the alloy contains an amount of rhodium that is preferably between 0.01 and 50 wt%o, more preferably between 3 and 11 wt%o.
  • the alloy contains an amount of germanium that is preferably between 0.01 and 36 wt%o, more preferably between 3 and 11 wt%o.
  • the alloy contains an amount of yttrium that is preferably between 0.01 and 1 wt%o.
  • the platinum based alloy is recyclable since it can be indefinitely shaped, melted and reshaped.
  • the platinum based alloy does not chemically interact with conventional molding apparatus. For instance, it does not react with gypsum.
  • the platinum based alloy has a Vickers hardness that preferably ranges between 80 and 350 HV, more preferably between 150 and 200HV.
  • the platinum based alloy has an elongation at break that can reach 30%.
  • the platinum based alloy has a porosity size that is preferably less than 100 ⁇ m, more preferably less than 50 ⁇ m, even more preferably less than 15 ⁇ m.
  • the porosity size relates to the greatest dimension of a pore, for instance its diameter if a pore has the shape of a sphere.
  • the platinum based alloy has a porosity that is preferably less than 1%, more preferably less than 0.25%.
  • the porosity relates to the total volume of pores in the alloy i.e. the volume of voids within a piece of alloy.
  • the platinum based alloy has a maximum grain size of 250 ⁇ m, preferably smaller than 150 ⁇ m. As a result of such a grain size, the items made of the platinum based alloy have a surface that does not show any flaws that are visible with the naked eye.
  • the above porosity and grain features may relate to the bulk form of the alloy or to a finished product resulting from the casting of the alloy.
  • the platinum based alloy has a melting temperature of less than 2000°C, preferably less than 1700°C.
  • the platinum based alloy is easily casted as it meets the conventional castability grid tests.
  • This platinum based alloy can be prepared according to conventional techniques. The skilled person in the art will therefore be able to prepare this alloy based on the above description.
  • the precursors of the platinum based alloy may be melted in an arc furnace or in an induction casting machine.
  • the pure elements are first weighed, cleaned in an ultrasonic bath and then melted together, optionally under a controlled atmosphere.
  • this platinum based alloy can be used in jewelry or in the watch industry to name a few. Indeed, the skilled person in the art will select the appropriate alloying element(s) in order to reach the desired castability and hardness while affording proper setting properties (jewelry) and/or resistance to scratches (watch).
  • the present invention also relates to an item comprising or consisting of the above platinum based alloy. Accordingly, this platinum based alloy can be used in order to manufacture luxury goods.
  • the item comprising or consisting of the above platinum based alloy can be a jewel, a leather good, or a clothing accessory. It may also be a watch, a writing accessory, or a decorative item. For instance, it can be any of the followings: ring, ear ring, necklace, bracelet, pendant, watch, buckle (belt, purse%), tie bar, cuff links, money clip, hair pin, pen, paper knife...
  • Comparative example PtCuGa is an alloy comprising 953 w%o Pt, 20 w%o Cu and 27 w%o Ga.
  • Table 2 Experimental results Alloy Hardness (HV) Solidification temperature (°C) Porosity (%) Porosity size ( ⁇ m) PtCuGa 225 ⁇ 25 1220 0.26 16 INV.1 279 ⁇ 30 1400 0.49 51 INV.2 164 ⁇ 6 1550 0.01 51 INV.3 95 ⁇ 3 1800 0.05 51 INV.4 109 ⁇ 5 1600 0.15 39 INV.5 147 ⁇ 6 1800 0.04 22 INV.6 164 ⁇ 12 1420 0.02 9 INV.7 165 ⁇ 10 1420 0.01 3 INV.8 203 ⁇ 13 1490 0.48 27 INV.9 188 ⁇ 26 1410 0.14 15 INV.10 161 ⁇ 11 1500 0.53 11
  • Table 2 clearly shows that the alloy according to the invention affords similar or improved properties as compared to the conventional PtCuGa alloy.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Adornments (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Alliage à base de platine consistant en :
    - 850 %o en poids ou plus de platine,
    - de 0,1 %o à 100 %o en poids d'un premier élément d'alliage qui est au moins un parmi le manganèse et le vanadium,
    - de 0,1 %o à 100 %o en poids d'un deuxième élément d'alliage qui est au moins un parmi le palladium et le chrome,
    - dans lequel l'alliage à base de platine contient nécessairement au moins un troisième élément d'alliage en une quantité d'au moins 0,1 %o en poids mais inférieure à 99,9 %o en poids,
    dans lequel le troisième élément d'alliage est choisi dans le groupe consistant en iridium, cuivre, or, fer, aluminium, tungstène, rhodium, germanium, yttrium, et des mélanges de ceux-ci.
  2. Alliage à base de platine selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'alliage à base de platine contient entre 850 %o et 990 %o en poids de platine.
  3. Alliage à base de platine selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel l'alliage à base de platine contient 950 %o en poids ou plus de platine, de préférence 953 %o en poids ou plus de platine.
  4. Alliage à base de platine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel l'alliage à base de platine contient l'une quelconque des combinaisons suivantes :
    - platine, manganèse, palladium et le troisième élément d'alliage, ou
    - platine, manganèse, chrome et le troisième élément d'alliage, ou
    - platine, vanadium, palladium et le troisième élément d'alliage, ou
    - platine, vanadium, chrome et le troisième élément d'alliage.
  5. Alliage à base de platine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel l'alliage à base de platine contient entre 1 %o et 50 %o en poids d'au moins un parmi le manganèse et le vanadium.
  6. Alliage à base de platine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel l'alliage à base de platine contient entre 1 %o et 50 %o en poids d'au moins un parmi le palladium et le chrome.
  7. Alliage à base de platine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel l'alliage à base de platine contient entre 0,1 %o en poids et 50 %o en poids du troisième élément d'alliage, de préférence entre 0,1 %o en poids et 30 ‰ en poids.
  8. Alliage à base de platine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, dans lequel le troisième élément d'alliage est au moins un élément choisi dans le groupe consistant en iridium, cuivre, or, fer, aluminium, tungstène, rhodium, germanium, yttrium et des mélanges de ceux-ci,
    dans lequel
    lorsque le troisième élément d'alliage est au moins de l'iridium, l'alliage à base de platine contient entre 0,01 et 50 %o en poids d'iridium,
    lorsque le troisième élément d'alliage est au moins du cuivre, l'alliage à base de platine contient entre 0,01 et 50 %o en poids de cuivre,
    lorsque le troisième élément d'alliage est au moins de l'or, l'alliage à base de platine contient entre 0,01 et 50 %o en poids d'or,
    lorsque le troisième élément d'alliage est au moins du fer, l'alliage à base de platine contient entre 0,01 et 50 %o en poids de fer,
    lorsque le troisième élément d'alliage est au moins de l'aluminium, l'alliage à base de platine contient entre 0,01 et 25 %o en poids d'aluminium,
    lorsque le troisième élément d'alliage est au moins du tungstène, l'alliage à base de platine contient entre 0,01 et 50 %o en poids de tungstène,
    lorsque le troisième élément d'alliage est au moins du rhodium, l'alliage à base de platine contient entre 0,01 et 50 %o en poids de rhodium,
    lorsque le troisième élément d'alliage est au moins du germanium, l'alliage à base de platine contient entre 0,01 et 36 %o en poids de germanium,
    lorsque le troisième élément d'alliage est au moins de l'yttrium, l'alliage à base de platine contient entre 0,01 et 1 %o en poids d'yttrium.
  9. Alliage à base de platine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, dans lequel le troisième élément d'alliage est au moins un élément choisi dans le groupe consistant en iridium, cuivre, or, fer, aluminium, tungstène, rhodium, germanium, yttrium et des mélanges de ceux-ci,
    dans lequel
    lorsque le troisième élément d'alliage est au moins de l'iridium, l'alliage à base de platine contient entre 2 et 20 %o en poids d'iridium,
    lorsque le troisième élément d'alliage est au moins du cuivre, l'alliage à base de platine contient entre 3 et 13 %o en poids de cuivre,
    lorsque le troisième élément d'alliage est au moins de l'or, l'alliage à base de platine contient entre 4 et 22 %o en poids d'or,
    lorsque le troisième élément d'alliage est au moins du fer, l'alliage à base de platine contient entre 3 et 12 %o en poids de fer,
    lorsque le troisième élément d'alliage est au moins de l'aluminium, l'alliage à base de platine contient entre 15 et 25 %o en poids d'aluminium,
    lorsque le troisième élément d'alliage est au moins du tungstène, l'alliage à base de platine contient entre 9 et 11 %o en poids de tungstène,
    lorsque le troisième élément d'alliage est au moins du rhodium, l'alliage à base de platine contient entre 3 et 11 %o en poids de rhodium,
    lorsque le troisième élément d'alliage est au moins du germanium, l'alliage à base de platine contient entre 3 et 11 %o en poids de germanium,
    lorsque le troisième élément d'alliage est au moins de l'yttrium, l'alliage à base de platine contient entre 0,01 et 1 %o en poids d'yttrium.
  10. Alliage à base de platine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, dans lequel l'alliage à base de platine contient l'une quelconque des combinaisons suivantes d'éléments d'alliage :
    - fer, cuivre et aluminium, de préférence en combinaison avec manganèse et chrome,
    - cuivre et or, de préférence en combinaison avec vanadium et palladium,
    - cuivre et or, de préférence en combinaison avec manganèse et palladium,
    - rhodium et iridium, de préférence en combinaison avec manganèse et palladium,
    - fer et cuivre, de préférence en combinaison avec manganèse et chrome,
    - fer, cuivre et yttrium, de préférence en combinaison avec vanadium et palladium,
    - fer, tungstène et germanium, de préférence en combinaison avec manganèse et palladium,
    - fer, cuivre et germanium, de préférence en combinaison avec le manganèse et palladium,
    - fer, germanium et yttrium, de préférence en combinaison avec manganèse et palladium.
  11. Bijou comprenant l'alliage à base de platine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10.
  12. Produit de maroquinerie comprenant l'alliage à base de platine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10.
  13. Accessoire de vêtement comprenant l'alliage à base de platine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10.
  14. Utilisation de l'alliage à base de platine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10 dans l'industrie horlogère.
  15. Utilisation de l'alliage à base de platine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10 dans l'industrie de la bijouterie.
EP17186552.0A 2017-08-17 2017-08-17 Alliage à base de platine, son utilisation Active EP3444364B1 (fr)

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Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11311941B2 (en) * 2019-04-01 2022-04-26 General Electric Company Fabrication of palladium-chromium alloy microparticles
EP3978884B1 (fr) * 2020-10-02 2024-05-29 Heraeus Precious Metals GmbH & Co. KG Fil ayant une composition platine permettant de mettre en contact des capteurs de température

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5743947A (en) * 1980-08-29 1982-03-12 Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk Platinum alloy for ornamental product
JPS61133339A (ja) * 1984-12-04 1986-06-20 Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk 装飾品用白金合金
JPS61133340A (ja) * 1984-12-04 1986-06-20 Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk 装飾品用白金合金
JPS61281841A (ja) * 1985-06-07 1986-12-12 Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk 装飾品用白金合金
JPH0243334A (ja) * 1988-08-02 1990-02-13 Tokuriki Honten Co Ltd 装飾用白金合金
PL165298B1 (pl) * 1991-08-29 1994-12-30 Inst Metali Niezelaznych Stop platyny

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
J CHASTON: "The Puritv of Platinum", PLATINUM METALS REV., 1 April 1971 (1971-04-01), pages 122 - 128, XP055706098, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.technology.matthey.com/pdf/pmr-v15-i4-122-128.pdf> [retrieved on 20200617] *

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