EP3696343B1 - Keramikfliese und verfahren zur herstellung von keramikfliesen - Google Patents

Keramikfliese und verfahren zur herstellung von keramikfliesen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3696343B1
EP3696343B1 EP20168277.0A EP20168277A EP3696343B1 EP 3696343 B1 EP3696343 B1 EP 3696343B1 EP 20168277 A EP20168277 A EP 20168277A EP 3696343 B1 EP3696343 B1 EP 3696343B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
printed pattern
ceramic
tile
glaze layer
relief
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Application number
EP20168277.0A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3696343A1 (de
Inventor
Bernard Thiers
Christine WALMSLEY-SCOTT
Bart VAN DER STOCKT
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Unilin BV
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Unilin BV
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Application filed by Unilin BV filed Critical Unilin BV
Priority to EP20211085.4A priority Critical patent/EP3808921B1/de
Priority to EP25192942.8A priority patent/EP4613501A3/de
Publication of EP3696343A1 publication Critical patent/EP3696343A1/de
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/08—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete; of glass or with a top layer of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete or glass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/24—Pressing or stamping ornamental designs on surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C3/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing ornamental structures
    • B44C3/04—Modelling plastic materials, e.g. clay
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C5/00—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
    • B44C5/04—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C5/00—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
    • B44C5/06—Natural ornaments; Imitations thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44F—SPECIAL DESIGNS OR PICTURES
    • B44F9/00—Designs imitating natural patterns
    • B44F9/02—Designs imitating natural patterns wood grain effects
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/32—Burning methods
    • C04B33/34—Burning methods combined with glazing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/4578—Coating or impregnating of green ceramics or unset concrete
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
    • C04B41/5022—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with vitreous materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
    • C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/89—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/0215—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements specially adapted for being adhesively fixed to an underlayer; Fastening means therefor; Fixing by means of plastics materials hardening after application
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/02161—Floor elements with grooved main surface

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to ceramic tiles and a method of manufacturing ceramic tiles.
  • the invention is in particular concerned with ceramic tiles having a ceramic base layer and a cover glaze layer comprising a printed pattern.
  • Ceramic tiles having a printed pattern showing a wood grain are known as well. Such tiles often have a rectangular and oblong shape with the grain lines running substantially in a longitudinal direction.
  • the relief provided on the surface of such tiles, if any at all, is coarse and appears artificial. When no relief is applied, or only random relief features, the tiles may look glossy when viewed against light, and appear as a white surface due to the mirror-like light reflection on the glaze layer.
  • the present invention in the first place aims at an alternative ceramic tile, which, in accordance with its several preferred embodiments, could offer a solution to one or more problems with the tiles of the state of the art. Therefore, the invention concerns a ceramic tile in accordance with independent claim 1.
  • the invention is especially interesting in an installation where oblong rectangular tiles of adjacent rows are present in an offset relationship.
  • the possible height differences originating from adjacent offset domed tiles may appear less prominent when viewed against light, since the irregular surface will reflect the falling-in light more diffuse.
  • irregular or random relief features distributed over the entirety of the surface of the ceramic tile, or essentially over the entirety of the surface of the ceramic tile, are combined with the structural features that correspond to the printed pattern.
  • An optimum counteraction of mirror-like reflection of light may be achieved with this preferred embodiment.
  • the irregular or random relief features define an average depth or height which is smaller than the average depth or height of the structural relief features that correspond to the printed pattern. It is noted that the average depth or height of these features may be recorded using techniques similar to those commonly used in the area of surface roughness measurements, in particular similar to those used for defining the Ra-values of a roughness profile, namely by recording and calculating the arithmetic average of absolute deviation from an average plane.
  • such irregular or random relief features define an Ra value of at least 10 micron, but is preferably higher, namely around 25 micron or more, or even around 50 micron or more.
  • the structural features that correspond to the printed pattern preferably have an average depth or height of at least 100 micron, or even better at least 250 micron.
  • Said relief is basically formed as a plurality of excavations present in the generally plane upper surface of the ceramic tile.
  • Said printed pattern represents a stone pattern, preferably representing only one one-piece stone tile over the entire surface of the ceramic tile
  • said printed pattern is a wood pattern and said structural features are lines following the course of the grain lines of the wood pattern and/or a plurality of successive dashes having a configuration following the grain lines of the wood pattern.
  • Said structural features are formed in the surface of the ceramic base layer and manifest themselves through the glaze layer to the upper surface of the tile. However, preferably some structural features have a depth such that they are substantially or completely situated above said ceramic base layer. Such structural features can be made less coarse.
  • Said cover glaze layer at least comprises a glaze layer of uniform color arranged underneath said printed pattern, preferably of white, beige or grey color. Such glaze layer may hide imperfections in the surface of the ceramic base layer. The use of glazes of a color other than white may lead to a lowering of the needed ink lay-up for obtaining the desired colors in the printed pattern.
  • said cover glaze layer is obtained at least partially from a so-called wet glaze.
  • said structural features are formed in the surface of the ceramic base layer and the structured surface of the ceramic base layer is provided with a wet applied glaze layer.
  • a wet applied glaze layer is preferred because of its power to copy the structure of the ceramic base layer at its own surface.
  • Such wet glaze layer preferably relates to an aqueous suspension of at least silica or SiO2, preferably in a quantity higher than 20 percent dry weight of the suspension and even more preferable between 30 and 75 percent dry weight.
  • the suspension also comprises a flux component for lowering the melting temperature of the glaze. It is of course not excluded that said cover glaze layer would be obtained at least partially from a so-called dry glaze.
  • the dry glaze is preferably made up from particles having an average particle size of 500 micron or lower.
  • the average particle size is between 200 and 400 micron.
  • Said cover glaze layer at least comprises a transparent glaze layer arranged over said printed pattern.
  • at least some of said structural features may be formed in said transparent glaze layer, e.g. with a depth such that they are substantially or completed located above the print layer.
  • said cover glaze layer possesses or is formed to have an irregular texture which functions as the aforementioned irregular or random relief features distributed over the surface of the ceramic tile.
  • Said printed pattern is a digitally inkjet printed pattern, and is preferably formed at least from the base colors cyan, magenta, yellow and black.
  • Such printed pattern may be applied using a device similar to the one disclosed in EP 1 038 689 , namely a single pass inkjet printer, wherein each tile is printed separately with a single pass of the respective tile underneath the fixed print heads of the device.
  • a non-claimed embodiment relates to a ceramic tile that is rectangular and oblong, wherein the cover glaze layer comprises a printed wood pattern with the grain lines running substantially in the longitudinal direction of the tile.
  • the structural features in the surface of the tile follow the course of the printed grain lines. In between these structural features irregular or random relief may be available over the entirety or about the entirety of the surface of the tile.
  • the invention also relates to a ceramic floor or a package comprising a plurality of tiles with mutually different printed patterns and corresponding structural features, in accordance with the above described invention.
  • the printed pattern is digitally achieved, it can conveniently be exchanged for another pattern, such that tiles with mutually different printed patterns are achieved.
  • the relief is adapted such that the structural features of the new relief matches the new printed pattern.
  • the invention further relates to a method for manufacturing ceramic tiles, which could also be used for manufacturing the tiles of the present invention. Therefor the invention concerns a method for manufacturing a ceramic tile in accordance with independent claim 6.
  • the relief can be obtained at several locations or instances during the process of manufacturing the tile.
  • a non-exhaustive list of possibilities for manufacturing ceramic tiles are listed here below.
  • said relief is formed on the surface of said cover glaze layer before said step of firing and/or at the same time as said step of firing.
  • said relief is achieved by means of a structured press element, such as a structured roller or a structured plate.
  • said press element is preferably made from a ceramic material, such that it can withstand the firing temperatures, which preferably reach a maximum of at least 1000 degrees centigrade.
  • said press element may be made from a metallic or a plastic material, like a thermosetting melamine based material or a silicone based material or similar.
  • each tile or limited number of tiles, e.g. maximum four, has its own structured press element associated to it.
  • each of them comprising features which are in accordance with the printed pattern, preferably differently structured press elements should be used.
  • tiles with at least six or eight different surface textures are obtained from this first possible method for manufacturing ceramic tiles.
  • the structural features applied by means of said first possibilities may be excavations in the generally plane and/or irregularly structured upper surface of the cover glaze layer, and/or zones of different gloss degree in said upper surface.
  • zones of different gloss degree these preferably also correspond to parts of the printed pattern, but in accordance with a deviating variant of the invention they are independent of the printed pattern.
  • said relief is formed on the surface of said ceramic base layer before said step of providing a glaze layer.
  • said relief is obtained during the step of forming said ceramic base layer.
  • Such ceramic base layer may be formed starting form powder material, e.g. clay, which is pressed to form a so-called green tile, which may be dried and/or possibly fired to form a so-called biscuit tile.
  • Said relief is conveniently obtained during the pressing of said powder material, for example by using a structured matrix in the respective press.
  • Said structured matrix may be made from a metallic or a plastic material, like a thermosetting melamine based material or a silicone based material or similar.
  • each tile or limited number of tiles, e.g. maximum four, has its own structured matrix associated to it.
  • each of them comprising features which are in accordance with the printed pattern, preferably differently structured matrices should be used.
  • tiles with at least six or eight different surface textures are obtained from this second possible method for manufacturing ceramic tiles.
  • the common green tile presses are relatively small and press only one or a limited number of tiles at a time. Different surface textures could be achieved in several practical ways even with such small presses.
  • the structured matrix may be exchanged in between sequential pressings, preferably in an automatic way.
  • green tiles may be pressed in two or more presses each comprising a differently structured matrix and then further treated in similar ways, namely at least printed with similar printed patterns such that they can be mixedly installed in a ceramic floor.
  • a third possibility use is made of a multiple compartment press, such that several green tiles can be pressed and structured simultaneously in the same press, each with its own associated press element or structured matrix.
  • one or more green tiles may be pressed successively in a plurality of presses, each equipped with a differently structured matrix, such that the obtained relief is in fact a superposition of the structures applied in successive press operations.
  • four presses may be in operation and each equipped with a differently structured matrix.
  • Each green tile is pressed either in one of these presses or in two of these presses successively. Such an operation would lead to ten different surface structures.
  • the printed pattern is applied to the already structured upper surface of the ceramic tile.
  • the method of the invention preferably contains a step of detecting the surface structure of the tile, either directly or indirectly, such that the right print may be applied to each tile.
  • the structured upper surface of the ceramic base layer is first treated with a layer of glaze of uniform color before printing takes place.
  • the step of printing applies a digital pattern by means of an inkjet printer.
  • some relief features are made in accordance with said second possibility, while other relief features are made in accordance with said first possibility.
  • the more coarse relief features are made in accordance with said second possibility.
  • said second possibility may be applied for forming chamfered edges to the tile, or to form imitations of flake structures of stone, such as slate, or to imitate worn out or scraped away parts of wood, while said first possibility is applied for forming imitations of surface irregularities of stone or grain structure in wood.
  • Said first possibility may also be used to form zones of differing gloss on the surface of the tile, while said second possibility is used to form excavations on said surface.
  • a continuous firing unit or kiln wherein each tile travels for, preferably 20 to 45 minutes, through a tunnel with heated and/or cooled zones.
  • the press element may be flat and travel along on the surface of the tile. In the case of oblong tiles, the tiles preferably travel through the kiln in their longitudinal direction.
  • the change of the pattern preferably relates to a change of data to be printed.
  • the change of the pattern preferably relates to the use of a different roller or different sets of rollers, but may also relate to an indexing of a roller or a set of rollers, such that a different printing section along the circumference of the respective roller is selected.
  • the use of a different roller or set of rollers may be put to practice by replacing or exchanging the respective rollers at a roller position along the printing section in the production line, or by activating and deactivating the respective rollers already present along the printing section in the production line. Said replacing, exchanging, activating, deactivating may be performed manually or automatically.
  • the printed pattern is preferably applied in a fixed relationship to a predetermined point, such that the print is applied at a predetermined location of the tile, e.g. at a fixed distance, that may be zero, from an edge or corner, and that the printed pattern is preferably aligned to an edge, preferably a longitudinal edge in the case of oblong tiles.
  • a predetermined location of the tile e.g. at a fixed distance, that may be zero, from an edge or corner
  • the printed pattern is preferably aligned to an edge, preferably a longitudinal edge in the case of oblong tiles.
  • Applying the printed pattern in a fixed relation to a predetermined point is advantageous for obtaining corresponding structural features in the relief.
  • the tile is not subjected to temperatures higher than 500 degrees centigrade in between these two steps.
  • no extra heat is applied to the tile in between these two steps, and even better, the tile is maintained at the same temperature, which is preferably between 10 degrees and 80 degrees centigrade, for example room temperature or about 18 to 23 degrees.
  • the excavations of figure 2 are formed in accordance with the above mentioned non-claimed first possibility for the method for manufacturing ceramic tiles, wherein said relief is formed in the cover glaze layer before firing.
  • the surface of the ceramic base layer 2 stays flat, or as good as flat.
  • Figure 4 gives an example where the relief is partially formed in accordance with said first possibility, namely the excavations 5A, and partially formed in accordance with said second possibility, namely the excavations 5B.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Keramikfliese (1), die eine keramische Grundschicht (2) und eine Überzugsglasurschicht (3) besitzt, die ein gedrucktes Muster (4) besitzt, wobei das oben genannte gedruckte Muster (4) ein Muster darstellt, das Stein nachahmt; wobei die Oberfläche der Keramikfliese (1) ein Relief umfasst, das Strukturmerkmale besitzt, die denen des oben genannten gedruckten Musters (4) entsprechen; wobei das oben genannte Relief grundsätzlich in Form einer Anzahl von Vertiefungen (5) ausgebildet ist, die in der im Allgemeinen ebenen oberen Fläche der keramischen Grundschicht (2) vorhanden sind; dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das oben genannte gedruckte Muster ein Muster (4) ist, das digital unter Verwendung eines Tintenstrahls gedruckt wurde, und dass die oben genannte Überzugsglasurschicht (3) mindestens eine transparente Glasurschicht umfasst, die über dem oben genannten gedruckten Muster angebracht ist, und dass die Überzugsglasurschicht mindestens eine gleichmäßig gefärbte Glasurschicht umfasst, die unter dem gedruckten Muster angebracht ist.
  2. Keramikfliese (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das oben genannte gedruckte Muster (4) sich im Wesentlichen über die gesamte Oberfläche der Keramikfliese (1) erstreckt.
  3. Keramikfliese (1) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das oben genannte gedruckte Muster (4) eine einzelne Fliese aus einem einzigen Stück Stein über die gesamte Oberfläche der Keramikfliese darstellt.
  4. Keramikfliese (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens einige der oben genannten Strukturmerkmale in der oben genannten transparenten Glasurschicht realisiert sind.
  5. Keramikfliese (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das oben genannte gedruckte Muster zumindest aus den Grundfarben Zyan, Magenta, Gelb und Schwarz hergestellt ist.
  6. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Keramikfliese (1), wobei die oben genannte Keramikfliese (1) eine keramische Grundschicht (2) und eine Überzugsglasurschicht (3) besitzt, die ein gedrucktes Muster (4) umfasst, wobei das gedruckte Muster (4) ein Muster darstellt, das Stein nachahmt; und wobei das Verfahren die folgenden Schritte umfasst, nämlich:
    - den Schritt, in dem die keramische Grundschicht (2) gebildet wird;
    - den Schritt, in dem die oben genannte keramische Grundschicht (2) mit einer Überzugsglasurschicht (3) versehen wird;
    - den Schritt, in dem ein Muster auf die oben genannten Glasurschicht gedruckt wird;
    - den Schritt, in dem die keramische Basisschicht (2), die die Glasurschicht umfasst, die das gedruckte Muster (4) besitzt, gebrannt wird;
    wobei das Verfahren ferner den Schritt umfasst, in dem ein Relief gebildet wird, das Strukturmerkmale besitzt, die denen des oben genannten gedruckten Musters (4) entsprechen;
    wobei das oben genannte Relief im Wesentlichen in Form einer Anzahl von Vertiefungen (5) gebildet wird, die in der im Allgemeinen ebenen oberen Oberfläche der keramischen Grundschicht (2) vorhanden sind; und dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das oben genannte gedruckte Muster ein Muster (4) ist, das digital unter Verwendung eines Tintenstrahls gedruckt wurde, und dass die oben genannte Überzugsglasurschicht (3) mindestens eine transparente Glasurschicht umfasst, die über dem oben genannten gedruckten Muster angebracht ist, und dass die Überzugsglasurschicht mindestens eine gleichmäßig gefärbte Glasurschicht umfasst, die unter dem gedruckten Muster angebracht ist.
  7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, wobei das oben genannte Relief auf der Oberfläche der oben genannten Überzugsglasurschicht (3) vor dem oben genannten Schritt, in dem gebrannt wird, und/oder gleichzeitig mit dem oben genannten Schritt, in dem gebrannt wird, erzeugt wird.
  8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, wobei das oben genannte Relief auf der Oberfläche der oben genannten keramischen Grundschicht (2) vor dem oben genannten Schritt hergestellt wird, in dem eine Glasurschicht bereitgestellt wird.
EP20168277.0A 2013-12-20 2014-12-18 Keramikfliese und verfahren zur herstellung von keramikfliesen Active EP3696343B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20211085.4A EP3808921B1 (de) 2013-12-20 2014-12-18 Keramikfliese und verfahren zur herstellung von keramikfliesen
EP25192942.8A EP4613501A3 (de) 2013-12-20 2014-12-18 Keramikfliese und verfahren zur herstellung von keramikfliesen

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201361919196P 2013-12-20 2013-12-20
EP14833236.4A EP3084100B1 (de) 2013-12-20 2014-12-18 Keramikfliese und verfahren zur herstellung von keramikfliesen
PCT/IB2014/067092 WO2015092745A1 (en) 2013-12-20 2014-12-18 Ceramic tile and method for manufacturing ceramic tiles

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RU2016129267A (ru) 2018-01-25
RU2020108374A3 (de) 2020-10-02
WO2015092745A1 (en) 2015-06-25
US10988942B2 (en) 2021-04-27
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US20260071443A1 (en) 2026-03-12
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US9874030B2 (en) 2018-01-23
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US20210214957A1 (en) 2021-07-15
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US11851891B2 (en) 2023-12-26
US20200071939A1 (en) 2020-03-05
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