EP4004331B1 - Tête de forage et procédé pour la réalisation d'un forage vertical dans le sol - Google Patents

Tête de forage et procédé pour la réalisation d'un forage vertical dans le sol Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4004331B1
EP4004331B1 EP20746138.5A EP20746138A EP4004331B1 EP 4004331 B1 EP4004331 B1 EP 4004331B1 EP 20746138 A EP20746138 A EP 20746138A EP 4004331 B1 EP4004331 B1 EP 4004331B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drill head
opening
ground
suction box
loosened
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20746138.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP4004331C0 (fr
EP4004331A2 (fr
Inventor
Patrick RENNKAMP
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Herrenknecht AG
Original Assignee
Herrenknecht AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Herrenknecht AG filed Critical Herrenknecht AG
Priority to EP24165434.2A priority Critical patent/EP4411105A3/fr
Publication of EP4004331A2 publication Critical patent/EP4004331A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4004331C0 publication Critical patent/EP4004331C0/fr
Publication of EP4004331B1 publication Critical patent/EP4004331B1/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/60—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
    • E21B10/602—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids the bit being a rotary drag type bit with blades
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/12—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor using drilling pipes with plural fluid passages, e.g. closed circulation systems
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/42—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
    • E21D9/1006—Making by using boring or cutting machines with rotary cutting tools
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
    • E21D9/11—Making by using boring or cutting machines with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D1/00—Sinking shafts
    • E21D1/03—Sinking shafts mechanically, e.g. by loading shovels or loading buckets, scraping devices, conveying screws
    • E21D1/06—Sinking shafts mechanically, e.g. by loading shovels or loading buckets, scraping devices, conveying screws with shaft-boring cutters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a drill head and a method for creating a substantially vertical bore in the ground, in particular for creating a shaft, with a body that can be connected to a rotation drive of a drilling device, with drilling tools arranged on the body for loosening the soil at a face the bore, with a discharge device for removing the loosened soil on the face, which can be connected to a suction unit for sucking in a conveyed medium via a conveyor line, the discharge device having an opening area arranged on the body with at least one opening in the area of the drilling tools on the face, wherein the at least one opening of the opening area is connected to a suction box as part of the discharge device, which has a connection opening at an end opposite the opening for a connection to the delivery line, and at least one element is provided which is applied to the loosened soil in the area of the suction box exerts an acceleration through which the soil loosened by the drilling tools can be moved into the opening area and/or through the opening into the suction box, the loosened soil being
  • Such a drill head is, for example US 3360061 A , US 4534426 A , US 4296824 A , US 4646853 A , EP 2597249 B1 , US 3384191 A , US 4195700 A and US 4200160 A known.
  • US 3360061 A discloses a device and a method for sinking a shaft. To loosen the soil, a cutting wheel is provided that can be rotated about a vertical axis and is rotated by a surface drive via a conveyor linkage.
  • US 4534426 A and US 4296824 A show a device and a method for sinking a shaft.
  • a cutting wheel that can be rotated about a vertical axis is provided to loosen the soil.
  • Nozzles are also provided which feed the loosened soil to the suction system.
  • US 4646853 A discloses a device and a method for sinking a shaft.
  • a cutting wheel that can be rotated about a vertical axis is provided to loosen the soil.
  • Mechanical conveying with buckets is provided to remove the loosened soil.
  • EP 2597249 B1 shows a drilling device for drilling vertical boreholes in the ground with a drill head that rotates on a face.
  • a suction is provided which has an opening which is arranged on the outside of the end of the drill head facing the face and rotates with the drill head. Loosened soil is removed from the borehole.
  • US 3384191 A shows a drill head with roller bits, which also has a suction system for removing the loosened soil.
  • a guide plate is provided that is arranged in the area of the opening of the suction and collects the loosened soil as the drill head rotates and feeds it to the opening. Behind the opening there is an inclined channel which opens into a centrally arranged discharge line.
  • US 4195700 A also discloses a drill head with roller bits which has a radial opening at the inner end of which a discharge line is provided.
  • the opening is designed as a slot, behind which a conical tube is provided that widens towards the discharge line.
  • US 4200160 A discloses a drill head with a suction for removing the loosened soil.
  • the suction provides a slot-shaped radial opening that opens into a cylindrical space. A channel emerges from this and leads into the sewage pipe.
  • the object of the invention is to simplify the suction in the aforementioned drill heads and at the same time to improve their performance.
  • the task with regard to the drill head is solved in that the distance of the opening area to the face is adjustable. It is advantageous that the distance is adjusted by moving the suction box vertically and/or by pivoting the suction box about a pivot point, with a drive, preferably a hydraulic cylinder or a spring mechanism, being provided for the movement or pivoting.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that the at least one element is at least one nozzle, which is provided directed into the opening area and which emits at least one jet of a transport medium to bring about the acceleration.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that at least one deflection area is provided behind the opening, preferably before entering the suction box, in which the flow direction of the loosened soil can be diverted. This makes it particularly easy for the material to be conveyed to be conveyed to the conveyor and then conveyed away.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that at least one tool for loosening the soil, preferably in the form of a toothed strip, and/or for picking up loosened soil is provided in the opening area. This means that rock/soil can be loosened/picked up at the face directly in the opening area. The material dissolved/absorbed in this way can be fed particularly well to the suction system.
  • the at least one tool can be moved to change the distance of the tool from the face, preferably via at least one hydraulic cylinder, and/or that the at least one tool can be pivoted relative to the opening area, preferably via at least one hydraulic cylinder.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that the opening area is provided with a cleaning tool, preferably at least one movable element and/or at least one nozzle for dispensing a medium, for example a gas (air) or a liquid (water, bentonite rinse).
  • a cleaning tool preferably at least one movable element and/or at least one nozzle for dispensing a medium, for example a gas (air) or a liquid (water, bentonite rinse). This means that closures in the opening area can either be eliminated or prevented.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that at least one flushing nozzle is provided, with which soil loosened by at least one drilling tool can be transported into an area on the working face, which is passed over by the suction box when drilling with the drill head. This easily improves the material transport to the suction box.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that the suction box is provided in the drill head in a replaceable manner. This allows the drill head to be easily adapted to different geological conditions. Reversing the direction of rotation is also possible.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that a classification element is provided in the opening area.
  • This can be, for example, a grid, separating plates that divide the opening area into several openings, or even several openings. This makes it possible to easily limit the grain size of the material sucked in.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that the suction box is arranged essentially horizontally. This has a positive effect on material transport in the suction box and material absorption.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that the opening area extends essentially radially outwards as viewed from the center. It is advantageous that the opening is elongated or slot-like. A further teaching of the invention provides that the clear cross section of the opening changes along the opening area viewed radially outwards, preferably enlarged. This allows the material intake, the location of the material intake and the intake quantity to be easily influenced.
  • connection opening of the suction box is arranged offset in relation to the opening area relative to a median perpendicular of the opening area, preferably towards the outside.
  • the suction box is constructed asymmetrically.
  • the suction strength or the flow profile in the suction box or in the opening area can be easily influenced, so that the amount of material sucked in can be influenced. For example, by moving it outwards, the flow in the radially outer area of the suction box can be increased in order to be able to better suction off the larger amount of material that occurs there.
  • connection opening of the suction box is arranged pivoted in relation to the opening area relative to a median perpendicular of the opening area.
  • the suction strength or the flow profile in the suction box or in the opening area can be easily influenced, so that the amount of material sucked in can be influenced. For example, by tilting the connection opening inwards, the flow in the radially outer area of the suction box can be increased in order to be able to better suction off the larger amount of material that occurs there.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that the suction box has at least one nozzle in the interior. This makes it possible to easily improve the movement of the loosened soil/rock for capture by the conveying medium.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that the conveying medium and/or the transport medium is a liquid or gaseous medium, preferably water, a bentonite suspension or air.
  • the conveying medium is air and the transport medium is air or a liquid, preferably water. This is used if the drill head is not/should/cannot be flooded and liquid-based production is therefore not possible. It has surprisingly been shown that the dissolved soil/the dissolved rock can be easily transported/activated by the emitted jet and can advantageously be fed into the conveying stream of air and removed.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that the at least one element is at least one driven rotating element with at least one impact element arranged thereon, the at least one impact element causing the acceleration of the loosened soil via a contact through a rotational movement.
  • the striking element is movable on a striking circle which is provided concentrically around the rotation element.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that the at least one impact element is movably arranged on the at least one rotation element, preferably via a joint.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that the at least one striking element is a hammer, a sword, a rope, a chain, a brush element, or a chisel.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that the rotation of the at least one rotation element can be speed-controlled.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that the at least one impact element causes the loosened soil to be comminuted.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that the suction box is provided horizontally, inclined and/or vertically.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that the loosened soil is moved through the opening into the suction box by the acceleration introduced.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that the detection takes place in the suction box and/or in the opening area, preferably in front of the opening.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that the acceleration takes place by emitting a jet of a transport medium from a nozzle which is directed into the opening area of the suction box as part of the discharge device.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that the loosened soil is moved through the transport medium.
  • the acceleration takes place by at least one driven rotating element with at least one impact element arranged thereon, the at least one impact element causing the acceleration of the loosened soil via a contact through a rotational movement.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that the loosened soil is moved by the impact element.
  • the conveying medium and/or the transport medium is a liquid or gaseous medium, preferably water, a bentonite suspension or air
  • Figure 1 shows a spatial representation of a drill head 10 according to the invention in the first embodiment.
  • the drill head 10 has a body 11 on which 13 drilling tools 12 are arranged on its underside.
  • the drill head 10 On its top side 14, the drill head 10 has a connection (not shown) for a drive (not shown) of a drilling device (not shown).
  • the drive, not shown is provided, for example, directly in the drilling device, for example a shaft drilling machine. Further variants of drives, drilling devices and arrangements, for example in a borehole/pile/casing, are also possible.
  • the underside 13 has, for example, a flat ring section 15 (other shapes are possible), on the underside 16 of which drilling tools 12 are provided.
  • arms extend outwards, here for example 8 arms, 17, each of which has a flat flank 18, for example.
  • Broaching tools 19 and wear elements 40 can be provided on the flanks.
  • the flanks 18 can also be designed to run around the entire surface.
  • a recess 41 is provided here, which has, for example, a flat surface 42 and flanks 43, on which drilling tools 12 are also provided.
  • the drill head shape described here is also referred to as a W drill head.
  • the drill profile for this is in the Figures 8 and 9 shown.
  • the width of the flat ring section 15 as well as the angles of the inner and outer flanks 43, 18 as well as the size of the inner surface 42 are variable and dependent on the mining conditions, as in Figure 16 is shown.
  • the drilling tools 12 can be, for example, disc chisels 12a, peeling chisels or peeling knives 12b or roller chisels 12c or other alternatives.
  • the drilling tools 12 are selected depending on the soil/rock to be loosened to create the hole.
  • connection 45 of the delivery line 31 is shown.
  • the body 11 has a suction box 20 on its underside 13 of the W drill head 10 on the ring section 15.
  • FIG. 4 Alternative arrangements of the suction box 20 are in Figure 4 shown.
  • the suction box 20 sits in the deepest part of the borehole (left in.) with a conical or V-shaped drill head Figure 4 ) or extends and is provided radially in a flat drill head (right in Figure 4 ).
  • a W drill head is shown in the middle of Figure 4
  • FIG. 4 Also shown are versions possible in which the suction box 20 is inclined or vertical and, for example, its opening 23 is directed downwards towards the face 100.
  • the suction box 20 in a first embodiment has on its front side 21 an opening area 22 which has at least one opening 23.
  • the opening 23 of the first embodiment of the suction box 20 has a classification element 24 which divides the opening 23 into opening sections 23a.
  • the classification element 24 determines the grain size of the dissolved soil/rock that can enter the interior 25 of the suction box 20.
  • the interior 25 is formed by a lid 26 as the top and a bottom 27 as the bottom, which are designed here as a flat embodiment. Other shapes of lid and base are also possible. Furthermore, the suction box 20 has side walls 28, which here extend from the front 21 along the shape of the lid and the base.
  • the shape of the interior 25 of the suction box 20 is formed. This can have a box-like structure. Alternatively, a funnel can be present if the width of the interior 25 is reduced, for example by a curved shape of the side walls 28, whereby the flow speed of the mixture of dissolved soil/rock and carrier medium increases as the width decreases.
  • a connection 30 is provided for a delivery rate 31, which is connected to a suction unit/pump (not shown) during drilling operation in order to remove the loosened soil/rock or the Mixture of pumped medium and dissolved soil/rock.
  • the height of the interior 25 of the suction box 20 can also be varied, in particular increased, starting from the front 21 towards the opening 29 at the back of the sauté box 20 in order to counteract blockages of the interior 25 by loosened soil/rock.
  • suction box 20 shown symmetrically here, asymmetrically, for example by arranging the opening 29 laterally offset (not shown).
  • opening 29 laterally offset
  • connection 30 of the delivery capacity 31 opens at an angle into the interior 25.
  • the opening area 22 can have floor loosening tools and/or floor picking tools 33, for example peeling knives or scrapers, in the area of the opening 23, which extends along the front side 21.
  • floor loosening tools and/or floor picking tools 33 for example peeling knives or scrapers, in the area of the opening 23, which extends along the front side 21.
  • baffles can also be provided on the underside 13 of the drill head 10 (not shown), which feed dissolved material to the opening area 22.
  • the feeding can be supported by nozzles such as flushing nozzles 32.
  • Fig. 2 and Figure 3 show a section of the drill head 10 according to the invention with a suction box 20 with an opening 23 and nozzles 34 directed thereon for dispensing a transport medium 80, preferably air or a liquid such as water or bentonite rinse.
  • the conveying medium 90 is sucked in through the delivery line 31, which is connected to the suction box 20 via the opening 29 and the connection 30.
  • Dissolved soil 110 is accelerated by the transport medium jet 81 and transported through the opening 23. There the loosened soil 110 is captured by the conveying medium 90.
  • Dissolved soil 110, conveying medium 90 and transport medium 80 mix to form a conveying stream 120, which is then conveyed away via the conveying line.
  • the transport medium jet 81 causes turbulence or loosening due to the acceleration input of the loosened soil 110 from the face 100 in the opening area 22, so that the whirled up loosened soil is already captured there by the conveying medium 90 and is conveyed away with the conveying medium as a conveying stream 120.
  • Figure 5 shows an arm 17 of the drill head 10 in a W shape Figure 1 with drilling tools 12 arranged thereon as disks 12a and with chisels on the side flanks 18 and on the flanks 43 on the underside 13.
  • the drilling tools 12 arranged on the arms 17 can be changed from the interior of the arm 17.
  • Figure 6 shows an arm 17 of the drill head 10 in a W shape Figure 1 with suction box 20 and a delivery line 31 connected to it, which are provided within the arm 17.
  • Figure 6 no drilling tools 12, 12a shown.
  • 19 rinsing nozzles 32 are provided in the area of the broaching tool and are aligned in the direction of the opening 23 of the suction box 20. These emit a flushing jet 130.
  • the same medium as the transport medium can preferably be used as the rinsing medium.
  • the mud jet 130 With the mud jet 130, the loosened cuttings 11 is transported into the opening area 22 or towards the deepest part of the borehole 140. In this area, the loosened soil 110 is then fed from the nozzles 34 to the opening 23 of the cistern 20, as shown in Fig. 7 is shown.
  • the process of soil loosening and removal of the loosened soil is in Figure 8 and 9 for example in conjunction with a drill head 10 Figure 1 shown.
  • the soil is loosened with drilling tools 12 and is located in the area of the respective drilling tools.
  • 12 flushing nozzles 32 are provided in the area of the respective drilling tools. These emit a flushing jet 130 which flushes the loosened soil 110 into the area of the deepest part of the borehole 140.
  • the suction box 20 with its opening 23 is moved in this area.
  • the transport medium jet 81 is then emitted in the opening area 23 via the nozzles 34 for emitting the transport medium jet 81, with which the loosened soil is accelerated into the opening 22 and thus moved into the cistern 20 for removal, and/or in the opening area 22 directly through the Suction box 20 is sucked off.
  • the movement/acceleration of the cuttings into the suction box 20 can be additionally supported by mechanical tools.
  • Figure 10 shows the introduction of loosened soil into the suction box, the opening 29 or connection 30 to the delivery line 31 is provided behind the opening area 22. is shown mechanical support during recording by means of a recording tool 33.
  • the suction box 20 can be pivoted about a pivot point 36 via a cylinder 35.
  • the nozzles 34 are not shown here.
  • FIG 11 and 12 the introduction of loosened soil into the suction box 20 is shown, the opening 29 or connection 30 to the delivery line 31 is provided in front of the opening area 22.
  • Mechanical support during recording is shown using a recording tool 33.
  • the suction box 20 can be pivoted about a pivot point 36 via a cylinder 35. This allows the suction box to be moved in the direction of arrow A, so that the distance 36 to the face 100 changes.
  • FIG 12 the arrangement of the nozzles 34 is shown.
  • a first nozzle 34 is provided here, which is directed in the direction of the deflection or receiving tool 33.
  • a second nozzle 34' is provided, which is directed in the direction of the opening 29 and the connection 30.
  • the loosened soil 110 is fed to the conveying medium 120 through the two nozzles 34, 34 'and is conveyed away together with it.
  • the flow conveyed via the delivery line 31 is composed of a combination of solid components (dissolved soil 110) and liquid and/or gaseous components. These are fed to a processing unit 200 via the delivery line 31 (see Figure 13 ). Here the components are separated from one another, for example by means of at least one cyclone, liquid and/or dust separators.
  • the gaseous components are returned to the drilling area (for example the shaft that has already been drilled). If necessary, the liquid components are fed back to the nozzles 32, 34, 34' or are transported away from the drilling area to the surface.
  • the solid components are also removed from the drilling area above ground using suitable means.
  • a second embodiment of the invention according to the Figures 14-16 a mechanical acceleration input.
  • an impact device 50 is provided, which is provided in the area of the suction box 20 inwards in the drill head 10 but can accelerate the loosened soil 110 in the area of the face 100.
  • a rotating element 51 is provided in a housing 57, on which a plurality of impact elements 52, here preferably movable via a joint 53, are arranged all around.
  • the striking elements 52 move on a striking circle 54 provided concentrically around the rotating element 51.
  • the rotating element 51 is driven via a drive (not shown).
  • Impact elements 52 hit loose ones in an impact area 55 Soil, which is then introduced into the suction box 20 or into its opening 23 in the direction of impact 56.
  • the accelerated loosened soil is then captured by the conveying medium 90 and conveyed away through the conveying line 31 with the conveying flow 120.
  • Figure 15 and Figure 16 show different arrangement widths of the impact device 50 in connection with the flanks 18, 43 of the drill head 10.
  • flanks 18, 43 as in Figure 16 shown above, compared to the illustrations in Figure 15 and Figure 16 can be made relatively steep and short at the bottom, so that under certain circumstances even a flank flushing, here in the form of an air flow or in the form of clearing elements (not shown), can be omitted.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Tête de forage pour réaliser un forage sensiblement vertical dans le sol, en particulier pour réaliser un puits, avec un corps (11) qui est apte à être relié à un système d'entraînement en rotation d'un dispositif de forage, comprenant des outils de forage (12) agencés sur le corps (11) pour détacher la terre sur un front de taille (100) du forage, comprenant un dispositif d'évacuation pour évacuer la terre détachée sur le front de taille (100), qui est apte à être relié à une unité d'aspiration pour aspirer un milieu de transfert via une conduite de transport (31), le dispositif d'évacuation présentant une zone d'ouverture (22) aménagée sur le corps (11) avec au moins une ouverture (23) dans la zone des outils de forage (12) sur le front de taille (100), ladite au moins une ouverture (23) de la zone d'ouverture (22) étant reliée à un caisson d'aspiration (20) en tant que composant du dispositif d'évacuation, qui présente à une extrémité opposée à l'ouverture (23) une ouverture de raccordement (29) pour une liaison à la conduite de transport (31), et au moins un élément étant prévu, qui est appliqué sur la terre détachée dans la zone du caisson d'aspiration (20) et exerce une accélération au moyen de laquelle la terre (110) détachée des outils de forage (12) est apte à être déplacée dans la zone d'ouverture (22) et/ou à travers l'ouverture (23) dans le caisson d'aspiration (25), la terre détachée (110) qui se trouve dans la zone d'ouverture (22) et/ou dans le caisson d'aspiration (25) étant capturée par le milieu de transfert (90) et étant apte à être évacuée par l'unité d'aspiration via la conduite de transport (31), caractérisée en ce que la distance entre la zone d'ouverture (22) et le front de taille (100) est réglable, en ce que la distance est réglée en déplaçant verticalement le caisson d'aspiration (20) et/ou en faisant pivoter le caisson d'aspiration (20) autour d'un point de pivotement, et en ce qu'un système d'entraînement est prévu pour le déplacement ou pour le pivotement.
  2. Tête de forage selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ledit au moins un élément est au moins une buse (34), qui est prévue de façon à être dirigée dans la zone d'ouverture (22) et qui émet au moins un jet (81) d'un milieu de transport (80) pour provoquer l'accélération.
  3. Tête de forage selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins une buse de rinçage (32) est prévue, avec laquelle la terre détachée d'au moins un outil de forage (12) est apte à être transportée dans une zone du front de taille (100) dans laquelle s'exerce l'action du caisson d'aspiration (20) lors du forage avec la tête de forage (10).
  4. Tête de forage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que le caisson d'aspiration (20) présente au moins une buse (34a) dans son espace intérieur (25).
  5. Tête de forage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que le milieu de transfert (90) et/ou le milieu de transport (80) est/sont un fluide liquide ou gazeux.
  6. Tête de forage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que ledit au moins un élément est au moins un élément rotatif entraîné (51) sur lequel est agencé au moins un élément de percussion (52), ledit au moins un élément de percussion (52) provoquant l'accélération de la terre détachée (110) par un mouvement de rotation, via un contact.
  7. Tête de forage selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que l'élément de percussion (52) est mobile sur un cercle de percussion (54) qui est prévu de manière concentrique autour de l'élément rotatif (51).
  8. Tête de forage selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisée en ce que ledit au moins un élément de percussion (52) est agencé de manière mobile sur ledit au moins un élément rotatif (51).
  9. Tête de forage selon l'une des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisée en ce que ledit au moins un élément de percussion (52) est un marteau, un couteau, un câble, une chaîne, un élément formant brosse ou un burin.
  10. Tête de forage selon l'une des revendications 6 à 9, caractérisée en ce que la rotation dudit au moins un élément rotatif (51) est apte à être réglée en termes de vitesse de rotation, et/ou en ce que ledit au moins un élément de percussion (52) provoque une fragmentation de la terre détachée (110).
  11. Tête de forage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisée en ce que le caisson d'aspiration (20) est prévu horizontalement, de manière inclinée et/ou verticalement.
  12. Dispositif de creusement d'un puits avec une tête de forage (10) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11.
  13. Procédé pour réaliser un forage sensiblement vertical dans le sol, en particulier pour réaliser un puits, avec une tête de forage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, la tête de forage (10) étant reliée à un système d'entraînement en rotation d'un dispositif de forage, la tête de forage (10) présentant un corps (11) sur lequel sont agencés des outils de forage (12) avec lesquels, lors du forage, de la terre est détachée au niveau d'un front de taille (100) du forage et est broyée à une taille permettant l'évacuation, la terre détachée et broyée (110) étant évacuée du front de taille (100) par un dispositif d'évacuation qui est relié à une unité d'aspiration pour aspirer un milieu de transfert (90) via une conduite de transport (31), le dispositif d'évacuation présentant un caisson d'aspiration (20) avec une zone d'ouverture (22) avec au moins une ouverture (23) dans la zone des outils de forage (12) sur le front de taille (100), comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    • introduire une accélération dans la terre détachée (110) se trouvant dans la zone de l'ouverture (22), et
    • récupérer, au moyen d'un milieu de transfert (90), la terre détachée (110) et évacuer celle-ci par l'unité d'aspiration via la conduite de transport (31).
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que l'accélération est réalisée par l'émission d'un jet (81) d'un milieu de transport à partir d'une buse (34) dirigée dans la zone d'ouverture (22) du caisson d'aspiration (20), faisant partie du dispositif d'évacuation.
  15. Procédé selon la revendication 13 ou 14, caractérisé en ce que l'accélération est réalisée au moyen d'au moins un élément rotatif entraîné (51) sur lequel est disposé au moins un élément de percussion (52), ledit au moins un élément de percussion (52) provoquant l'accélération de la terre détachée par un contact grâce à un mouvement de rotation.
EP20746138.5A 2019-07-24 2020-07-21 Tête de forage et procédé pour la réalisation d'un forage vertical dans le sol Active EP4004331B1 (fr)

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US201962878264P 2019-07-24 2019-07-24
PCT/EP2020/070579 WO2021013846A2 (fr) 2019-07-24 2020-07-21 Tête de forage et procédé pour la réalisation d'un forage vertical dans le sol

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US (1) US12031385B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP4411105A3 (fr)
CN (1) CN114514359B (fr)
AU (1) AU2020316928B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA3148224C (fr)
ES (1) ES2986095T3 (fr)
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WO (1) WO2021013846A2 (fr)

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EP4399368A4 (fr) * 2021-09-10 2025-07-30 Optima Mining Systems Pty Ltd Ensemble tête de coupe

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US12031385B2 (en) 2024-07-09
CN114514359B (zh) 2025-03-21
PL4004331T3 (pl) 2024-07-22
US20230147209A1 (en) 2023-05-11
EP4411105A2 (fr) 2024-08-07
CA3148224C (fr) 2024-01-23
EP4004331C0 (fr) 2024-03-27
CA3148224A1 (fr) 2021-01-28
AU2020316928B2 (en) 2026-04-09
EP4411105A3 (fr) 2025-01-22
ES2986095T3 (es) 2024-11-08
WO2021013846A3 (fr) 2021-04-08
WO2021013846A2 (fr) 2021-01-28
AU2020316928A1 (en) 2022-02-24
CN114514359A (zh) 2022-05-17
EP4004331A2 (fr) 2022-06-01

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