EP4004341B1 - Tête de forage pour réaliser un forage dans le sol - Google Patents

Tête de forage pour réaliser un forage dans le sol

Info

Publication number
EP4004341B1
EP4004341B1 EP20744020.7A EP20744020A EP4004341B1 EP 4004341 B1 EP4004341 B1 EP 4004341B1 EP 20744020 A EP20744020 A EP 20744020A EP 4004341 B1 EP4004341 B1 EP 4004341B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
opening
drill head
suction box
loosened
nozzles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20744020.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP4004341A2 (fr
EP4004341C0 (fr
Inventor
Boris JUNG
Tobias GERHARDT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Herrenknecht AG
Original Assignee
Herrenknecht AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Herrenknecht AG filed Critical Herrenknecht AG
Priority to EP25182189.8A priority Critical patent/EP4592494A3/fr
Priority to EP25193214.1A priority patent/EP4617472A3/fr
Publication of EP4004341A2 publication Critical patent/EP4004341A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4004341B1 publication Critical patent/EP4004341B1/fr
Publication of EP4004341C0 publication Critical patent/EP4004341C0/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/08—Roller bits
    • E21B10/18—Roller bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/26—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers
    • E21B10/32—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with expansible cutting tools
    • E21B10/34—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with expansible cutting tools of roller-cutter type
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/60—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/62—Drill bits characterised by parts, e.g. cutting elements, which are detachable or adjustable
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/16—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor using gaseous fluids
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D1/00—Sinking shafts
    • E21D1/03—Sinking shafts mechanically, e.g. by loading shovels or loading buckets, scraping devices, conveying screws
    • E21D1/06—Sinking shafts mechanically, e.g. by loading shovels or loading buckets, scraping devices, conveying screws with shaft-boring cutters
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/12—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms
    • E21D9/13—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms using hydraulic or pneumatic conveying means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a drill head for creating a substantially vertical borehole in the ground, comprising a body that can be connected to a rotary drive of a drilling device, with drilling tools arranged on the body for loosening the soil at a working face of the borehole, with a suction device for transporting the loosened soil at the working face, which suction device can be connected to a pump, wherein the suction device has an opening region arranged on the body with at least one opening in the region of the drilling tools at the working face, wherein the opening region has an elongated extension, wherein the at least one opening of the opening region is connected to a suction box, which has a connection opening for connection to the pump at an end opposite the opening and which has a width and a height, wherein the width extends parallel to the elongated extension of the opening region and wherein the height extends transversely to the width and parallel to the opening region, and wherein the soil loosened by the drilling tools in the opening region can be sucked through the opening from the
  • Such a drill head is made, for example, of KR10162879B1 ,
  • DE 19626591 C1 shows a drill head for drilling vertical boreholes in the ground and extracting the loosened soil using the airlift method.
  • the drill head has drilling tools and a suction system on its underside to remove the loosened soil.
  • the suction system has a radially extending channel.
  • the channel itself is connected to a suction pipe.
  • the loosened soil, along with the drilling fluid, is sucked from the face via the suction pipe.
  • Directional nozzles are provided, directed into the channel, through which compressed air or fluid is released to assist the suction process.
  • EP 2597249 B1 shows a drilling device for drilling vertical bores in the ground with a drill head rotating on a working face.
  • a suction device is provided with an opening located on the outside of the end of the drill head facing the working face and rotating with the drill head. This removes loosened soil from the borehole.
  • US 3384191 A shows a drill head with roller bits, which also features a suction system for removing the loosened soil.
  • a guide plate is provided, which is located near the suction opening and collects the loosened soil as the drill head rotates and feeds it to the opening.
  • Behind the opening is a slanted channel that opens into a centrally located discharge line.
  • US 4195700 A also discloses a drill head with roller bits, which has a radial opening at the inner end of which a discharge line is provided.
  • the opening is designed as a slot, behind which a conical tube is provided that widens toward the discharge line.
  • US 4200160 A discloses a drill head with a suction system for removing the loosened soil.
  • the suction system features a slot-shaped radial opening that opens into a cylindrical chamber. From this chamber, a channel emerges that leads into the sewer line.
  • WO 2016142910 A1 also discloses a cutter head with roller bits, which has a radial opening with a border that projects beyond the underside of the cutter head toward the face. Behind the opening, a conically shaped chamber is provided that extends across the entire underside of the cutter head. A discharge line is provided at its rear end.
  • the object of the invention is to simplify the extraction of the aforementioned drill heads and at the same time to improve their performance.
  • the object according to the invention is achieved in that the suction box is arranged vertically, that the suction box tapers in width from the opening towards the connection opening, and that the height of the suction box increases from the opening towards the connection opening.
  • the width of the suction box is preferably the longitudinal extent of the opening, particularly preferably radial.
  • the height of the suction box is preferably the transverse extent of the opening, particularly preferably transverse to radial.
  • the vertical arrangement has a positive effect on material transport due to the direct inflow. Surprisingly, it has been shown that this has a positive effect on suction, because less material accumulates in the opening area. Furthermore, this design is easier to implement in the drill head.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides for at least one deflection area behind the opening, preferably before entering the suction box, in which the flow direction of the loosened soil can be redirected. This makes it particularly easy to convey the material to be removed, liquefied, for example, before reaching the opening, and then remove it.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that at least one tool for loosening the soil, preferably in the form of a toothed rack, is provided in the opening area.
  • This allows rock/soil to be loosened at the working face directly in the opening area.
  • the material thus loosened can be vacuumed off particularly well.
  • This can advantageously be carried out or supported by releasing liquid to liquefy the loosened/extracted soil/rock, for example by at least one liquid jet.
  • the at least one tool is movable to change the distance of the tool from the working face, preferably via at least one hydraulic cylinder, and/or that the at least one tool is pivotable relative to the opening area, preferably via at least one hydraulic cylinder. This makes it easy to influence the penetration depth into the working face. This can be done, for example, depending on the strength of the soil/rock to be loosened.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that at least one tool for picking up the soil, preferably in the form of a bar, is provided in the opening area. This allows the rock/soil to be picked up at the working face directly in the opening area. The material thus loosened can be sucked out particularly well. This can advantageously be carried out or supported by releasing liquid to liquefy the loosened/extracted soil/rock, for example by at least one liquid jet. It is also advantageous that the at least one tool is movable to change the distance of the tool from the working face, preferably via at least one hydraulic cylinder, and/or that the at least one tool is pivotable relative to the opening area, preferably via at least one hydraulic cylinder.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that the distance of the opening area from the working face is adjustable. It is advantageous that the distance is adjusted by vertically moving the suction box and/or pivoting the suction box around a pivot point, with a drive, preferably a hydraulic cylinder or a spring mechanism, being provided for the movement or pivoting. This allows the amount of sucked-out material to be directly and easily influenced.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that at least one cleaning tool, preferably at least one movable element and/or at least one nozzle for dispensing a liquid jet, is provided in the opening area. This allows blockages in the opening area to be either eliminated or prevented. Furthermore, the liquid jet dispensed by the at least one nozzle can also be used to liquefy the dissolved/conveyed material.
  • suction box has a spray nozzle, which is preferably directed from the opening toward the connection opening. This simply improves the material transport within the suction box. Furthermore, the liquefaction of the dissolved material is improved, allowing for improved discharge.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides for the suction box to be replaceable within the drill head. This allows the drill head to be easily adapted to different geological conditions. Furthermore, reversing the direction of rotation is also possible.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides for a classification element to be provided in the opening area.
  • a classification element to be provided in the opening area.
  • This can be, for example, a grid, partition plates that divide the opening area into several openings, or even several openings.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that the opening extends essentially radially outward from the center point. It is advantageous for the opening to be designed in a slot-like manner. A further teaching of the invention provides that the clear cross-section of the opening changes, preferably increases, radially outward along the opening area. This allows the material intake, the location of the material intake, and the intake quantity to be easily influenced.
  • connection opening of the suction box is offset from a perpendicular bisector of the opening area, preferably outward.
  • the suction strength or flow profile in the suction box or in the opening area can be easily adjusted, thus affecting the amount of material sucked in. For example, by shifting it outward, the flow in the radially outer area of the suction box can be increased in order to more effectively suction off the larger amount of material accumulating there.
  • connection opening of the suction box is pivoted relative to the opening area relative to a perpendicular bisector of the opening area. This allows the suction strength or flow profile in the suction box or in the opening area to be easily influenced, thus affecting the amount of material sucked in. For example, by tilting the connection opening inward, the flow in the radially outer area of the suction box can be increased in order to better suction the larger amount of material accumulating there.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides for nozzles to be provided in the opening area, which are preferably directed into the opening area and/or into the opening. This allows the loosened/extracted material in the opening area to be easily liquefied so that it is sucked into the interior of the suction box. It is particularly advantageous that the suction system is dimensioned such that the opening area remains essentially free of loosened/extracted soil/rock. For this to happen, sufficient liquid must be pumped through the suction box and the conveying line, and the liquefaction of the loosened/extracted material must occur in sufficient quantities.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides for a flow ring extending toward the face in the area of the opening at the outer edge. This makes it easy to prevent a flow short circuit from the rear of the drill head to the opening.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that, viewed in the direction of rotation of the drill head, at least two nozzles for emitting a jet of a medium, preferably air or a liquid, are provided in front of the opening on the underside of the drill head, said nozzles being directed towards the working face.
  • a medium preferably air or a liquid
  • the nozzles being directed towards the working face.
  • so many nozzles extend along a longitudinal extent that they create a dense jet area.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that, viewed in the direction of rotation of the drill head, at least two nozzles for emitting a jet of a medium, preferably air or a liquid, are provided behind the opening on the underside of the drill head, said nozzles being directed towards the working face.
  • a medium preferably air or a liquid
  • material can be easily held in the effective area of the opening and/or that the escape of accelerated material, for example, against the direction of rotation can be prevented.
  • the proportion of loosened soil not sucked in which is then reprocessed by the drilling tools of the drill head, can be reduced.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that the direction of the jet corresponds to a vector which, starting from the nozzle, has a directional component towards the working face and/or a directional component towards the opening.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that the jets of the at least two nozzles have a blocking effect against movement of the loosened soil against the direction of rotation of the drill head and/or detachment of the loosened soil from the working face and/or acceleration of the loosened soil.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that the jets of the at least two nozzles have a blocking effect against movement of the loosened soil in the direction of rotation of the drill head and/or detachment of the loosened soil from the working face and/or acceleration of the loosened soil.
  • the nozzles arranged in front of the opening in the direction of rotation it is advantageous for the nozzles arranged in front of the opening in the direction of rotation to have a smaller directional component to the opening and/or be at a greater distance from the opening than the nozzles arranged behind the opening. This enhances the aforementioned advantages.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that at least one nozzle for discharging a jet of a medium, preferably air or a liquid, is provided on the underside of the drill head, and that the jet causes the loosened soil to move into an area of the working face that is traversed by the opening upon rotation of the drill head.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that the jet impinges on a guide plate, thereby causing a change in the direction of movement of the loosened soil.
  • the guide plate is arranged as a straight or curved element on the underside of the drill head, and the arrangement is diagonal or at least partially circumferential. This facilitates material distribution.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides for at least one nozzle, preferably at least two nozzles, aligned in opposite directions, to be provided in the center of the underside of the drill head. It has been shown that this allows the loosened soil to be easily removed from the center, which, due to its design, cannot be crossed by the suction opening.
  • a further disclosure provides that, viewed in the direction of rotation of the drill head, at least two nozzles for emitting a jet of a medium, preferably air or a liquid, are provided in front of the opening on the underside of the drill head, said nozzles being directed towards the working face.
  • a medium preferably air or a liquid
  • the direction of the jet corresponds to a vector which, starting from the nozzle, has a directional component towards the working face and/or a directional component towards the opening.
  • the jets of the at least two nozzles have a blocking effect against movement of the loosened soil against the direction of rotation of the drill head and/or detachment of the loosened soil from the face and/or acceleration of the loosened soil.
  • the opening region has an elongated extension, that the at least one opening of the opening region is connected to a suction box which has a connection opening for connection to the pump at an end opposite the opening, that the soil loosened by the drilling tools in the opening region can be sucked through the opening from the pump into the suction box in a flow direction, that the suction box tapers in width from the opening towards the connection opening, and that the height of the suction box increases from the opening towards the connection opening.
  • the jet impinges on a guide plate, causing a change in the direction of movement of the loosened soil.
  • the guide plate is arranged as a straight or curved element on the underside of the drill head, and the arrangement is diagonal or at least partially circumferential. This facilitates material distribution.
  • At least one nozzle preferably at least two nozzles, aligned in opposite directions, are provided in the center of the underside of the drill head. It has been shown that this allows the loosened soil to be easily removed from the center, which, due to its design, cannot be crossed by the suction opening.
  • At least one nozzle preferably at least two nozzles, are arranged tangentially on the underside of the drill head. This allows the loosened soil to be easily redirected from the outer area, which cannot be easily crossed by the suction opening, to areas where suction is achieved. This is preferably further supported by a combination of the aforementioned guide vanes.
  • FIG. 1 to Figure 4 show a three-dimensional representation of a drill head 10.
  • the drill head 10 has a body 11 on which drilling tools 12 are arranged on its underside 13.
  • the drill head 10 has a connection 15 for a drive (not shown) of a drilling device (not shown).
  • the drive (not shown) is provided, for example, directly in the drilling device, which is arranged, for example, in a casing pipe (not shown) or in a pile (not shown).
  • a further non-exhaustive alternative can also be a top drive provided on a casing pipe or on a pile, to which the drill head 10 is connected via a rod assembly.
  • Other variants of drives, drilling devices and arrangements in a borehole/pile are also possible.
  • the drill head can also be used in conjunction with a shaft boring machine.
  • the body 11 can have on its circumference 16 fold-out edge cutting tools 17, which in Figure 1 is shown extended. Furthermore, wear elements 18 are provided on the circumference 16 of the body 11, for example.
  • the drilling tools 12 can be, for example, disc bits 12a, planing bits 12b, or roller bits 12c.
  • the selection of the drilling tools 12 depends on the soil/rock to be removed to create the borehole. Shown here are disc bits 12a and planing bits 12c.
  • a centering drilling tool 19 is also provided, which enables centering of the drill head 10.
  • the body 11 has a suction box 20 on its underside 13 in a first embodiment.
  • the suction box 20 is in the Figures 5 to 11 shown in detail. It has an opening area 22 on its front side 21, which has at least one opening 23.
  • the opening 23 of the first embodiment of the suction box 20 has a classification element 24 that divides the opening 23 into opening sections 23a.
  • the classification element 24 determines the grain size of the loosened soil/rock that can enter the interior space 25 of the suction box 20.
  • the interior space 25 is formed by a lid 26 as the top side and a base 27 as the bottom side, which are designed to be flat in one embodiment. Other lid and base shapes are also possible. Furthermore, the suction box 20 has side walls 28, which here extend from the front side 21 along the shape of the lid and base.
  • a funnel is formed, for example and preferably, due to the fact that the width BB of the interior 25 is reduced by the curved shape of the side walls 28, whereby the flow velocity of the announced mixture of dissolved soil/rock and carrier medium increases with decreasing width BB.
  • an opening 29 is provided, at which a connection 30 for a conveying line 31 is provided, which is connected to a pump (not shown) during drilling operation in order to carry out the removal of the loosened soil/rock or the mixture of conveying medium and loosened soil/rock.
  • the height HH of the interior 25 of the suction box 20 can also be varied, in particular increased, starting from the front 21 to the opening 29 at the rear of the suction box 20 in order to counteract blockages of the interior 25 by loosened soil/rock.
  • the suction box 20 shown symmetrically here, asymmetrically, for example by arranging the opening 29 laterally offset (not shown).
  • the opening 29 is offset towards the circumference 16 of the body 11 in order to adapt the flow profile in the areas where more soil/rock is loosened during rotation in the direction of rotation A and enters the interior 25 of the suction box 20 through the opening 23, for example to specifically increase the flow velocity in areas of the interior 25.
  • sliding elements 32 are arranged, which enable the suction box 20 to slide on the working face or at a defined distance from it during drilling or rotation in the direction of rotation A.
  • the opening area 22 has soil loosening tools 33, for example, a scraper blade, in the area of the opening 23, which extends along the front side 21.
  • the soil loosening tools 33 make it possible to selectively loosen or pick up soil/rock in the area of the front side 21 of the suction box 20 and feed it to the opening 23, through which it is then conveyed away.
  • guide plates may also be provided (not shown) to supply the dissolved material, which is not directly sucked in by the flow in flow direction B, to the opening area 22 and then to suck it through the openings 23 into the interior space 25.
  • Nozzles 34 are arranged above the openings 23 on the front side 21 (see example Fig. 9 ), which emit a jet in the direction E of a carrier medium, for example a liquid or air, into the interior space 25, which jet is directed in the direction B of the opening 29, so that material located in the interior space 25 is moved in the direction B towards the opening 29. Furthermore, accumulations of dissolved material can also be dissolved by the jets emitted by the nozzles 34. If a liquid is emitted, this can, for example or alternatively, also be used to liquefy the dissolved/conveyed material in the suction box 20 and/or opening area 22 and thus ensure better conveyance.
  • the conveying flow in the conveying line 31 and/or the liquefaction are designed such that the dissolved/conveyed material does not accumulate in the opening area 22, but rather the opening area 22 remains essentially free.
  • a cleaning element 35 is provided in the opening area 22.
  • the cleaning element 35 has rods 36 that are guided in passages 37, so that when the rods 36 are moved in the cleaning direction C, the rods engage in the opening sections 23a of the openings 23 or in the classifying elements 24 provided there and remove trapped material from them, thus making the opening 23 passable again.
  • the cleaning element 35 is then moved back out of the opening sections 23a in the opposite direction of the arrow C.
  • nozzles 38 can also be provided for cleaning the openings or the classifying elements 24, which emit liquid jets for cleaning in the cleaning direction D, as shown by way of example in Fig. 9 shown.
  • a liquid is discharged, this can, for example, or alternatively, be used to liquefy the dissolved/conveyed material in the suction box 20 and/or opening area and thus ensure better discharge.
  • the flow in the delivery line 31 and/or the liquefaction are designed so that the dissolved/conveyed Material does not accumulate in the opening area 22, but the opening area 22 remains essentially free.
  • Figure 12 to Figure 15 show a three-dimensional representation of a drill head 10.
  • the drill head 10 has a body 11 on which drilling tools 12 are arranged on its underside 13.
  • the drill head 10 has a connection 15 for a drive (not shown) of a drilling device (not shown).
  • the drive (not shown) is provided, for example, directly in the drilling device, which is arranged, for example, in a casing pipe (not shown) or in a pile (not shown).
  • a further non-exhaustive alternative can also be a top drive provided on a casing pipe or on a pile, to which the drill head 10 is connected via a rod assembly.
  • Other variants of drives, drilling devices and arrangements in a borehole/pile are also possible.
  • the drill head can also be used in conjunction with a shaft boring machine.
  • the body 11 can have on its circumference 16 fold-out edge cutting tools 17, which in Figure 1 is shown extended. Furthermore, wear elements 18 are provided on the circumference 16 of the body 11, for example.
  • the drilling tools 12 can be, for example, disc bits 12a, planing bits 12b, or roller bits 12c.
  • the selection of the drilling tools 12 depends on the soil/rock to be removed to create the borehole. Shown here are roller bits 12c and planing bits 12b.
  • a centering drilling tool 19 is also provided, which enables centering of the drill head 10.
  • the body 11 has a suction box 40 on its underside 13 in a second embodiment.
  • the suction box 40 is shown in the Figures 16 to 19 presented in detail.
  • Figure 18 shows a sectional view AA from Figure 16 .
  • Figure 19 shows an enlarged view of the circled area Figure 18 .
  • the suction box 40 has an opening area 42 in the region of its front side 41, which has at least one opening 43.
  • the opening 43 of the second embodiment of the suction box 40 may have a classifying element (not shown here) that divides the opening 43 into opening sections 43a.
  • the classification element determines the grain size of the loosened soil/rock that can enter the interior space 45 of the suction box 20.
  • the interior space 45 is formed by a lid 46 as the top side and a base 47 as the bottom side, which are designed to be flat in one embodiment. Other lid and base shapes are also possible. Furthermore, the suction box 40 has side walls 48, which here extend from the front side 41 along the shape of the lid and base.
  • a funnel is formed, for example and preferably, due to the fact that the width BB of the interior 45 decreases due to the curved shape of the side walls 48, whereby the flow velocity of the desired mixture of loosened soil/rock and carrier medium increases with decreasing width BB.
  • the height HH of the interior 45 of the suction box 40 changes, starting from the front 41 to the opening 49 at the rear of the suction box 40. In the second embodiment, it increases to counteract blockages of the interior 45 by loosened soil/rock. Other height variations are also possible to create specific flow profiles in the interior 45. This also applies to the suction box 20 of the first embodiment.
  • an opening 49 is provided, at which a connection 40 for a conveying line 41 is provided, which is connected to a pump (not shown) during drilling operation in order to carry out the removal of the loosened soil/rock or the mixture of conveying medium and loosened soil/rock.
  • the suction box 40 shown symmetrically here can be designed asymmetrically, for example by arranging the opening 49 laterally offset. In this case, it is particularly useful if the opening 49 is offset towards the circumference 16 of the body 11 in order to specifically increase the flow velocity in the areas where more soil/rock is loosened during rotation in the direction of rotation F and enters the interior 45 of the suction box 40 through the opening 43.
  • connection 40 of the conveying line 41 opens at an incline into the interior space 45.
  • a deflection element 60 which is movably arranged via stop points 61 with the suction box 40, for example on its side walls 48.
  • At least one actuator 62 for example a hydraulic cylinder, is provided to move the deflection element 60.
  • This actuator is connected, for example, to a first stop 63 arranged on the deflection element 60 and to a second stop 64 arranged on the cover 46, so that the pivoting movement can be executed upon actuation of the actuator 62.
  • the deflection element 60 can then be interlaced in the direction of rotation G.
  • the deflection element 60 can have nozzles 66 which, for example, emit a jet in direction E of a carrier medium, for example a liquid or air, into the interior space 45. This allows material located in the interior space 45 to be moved in direction B towards the opening 49. If a liquid is emitted, this can, for example or alternatively, also be used to liquefy the loosened/conveyed material in the suction box 20 and/or opening area 22 and thus ensure better removal.
  • the conveying flow in the conveying line 31 and/or the liquefaction are designed such that the loosened/conveyed material does not accumulate in the opening area 22, but rather the opening area 22 remains essentially free.
  • a sliding element 52 arranged on a base 55 is provided on the bottom 47.
  • An opening gap 67 exists between the base 55 and the soil loosening tool 65, depending on the degree of pivoting of the deflection element 60. Its size determines, for example, the amount of loosened soil/rock material absorbed. Furthermore, the opening gap 67 can also be used for classification to prevent the entry of certain grain sizes of loosened soil/rock.
  • a nozzle 68 can be arranged on the base 55, which acts as a cleaning element and emits a jet of a carrier medium, for example a liquid or air, in the cleaning direction D in order to remove jammed material from the opening gap 67. If a liquid is emitted, this can, for example or alternatively, also be used to liquefy the loosened/conveyed material in the suction box 20 and/or opening area 22 and thus ensure better removal.
  • the conveying flow in the conveying line 31 and/or the liquefaction are designed such that the loosened/conveyed material does not accumulate in the opening area 22, but rather the opening area 22 remains essentially clear.
  • a stop element 69 is shown, which is connected to an actuator (not shown), via which the entire suction box 40 can be moved relative to the body 11 in order to bring the entire suction box 40, for example, closer to the working face or to move it away from it, whereby, for example, the penetration depth into the working face and/or the amount of loosened material taken up can be influenced.
  • the opening 23 of the suction box 20 of the first embodiment thus faces directly toward the direction of rotation A, whereas the opening 43 of the suction box 40 of the second embodiment is not directly reached.
  • the loosened material passing through the opening gap 67 must first be redirected in the flow direction by the deflection element 60 and fed to the opening 43. Liquefaction can then also occur here.
  • the soil loosening tools 65 of the second embodiment are thus pulled across the working face, while the soil loosening tools 33 of the first embodiment are pushed across the working face.
  • FIG 20 to Figure 23b show a three-dimensional representation of a drill head 10 according to the invention.
  • the drill head 10 has a body 11 on which drilling tools 12 are arranged on its underside 13.
  • the drill head 10 has a connection 15 for a drive (not shown) of a drilling device (not shown).
  • the drive (not shown) is provided, for example, directly in the drilling device, which is arranged, for example, in a casing pipe (not shown) or in a pile (not shown).
  • a further non-exhaustive alternative can also be a top drive provided on a casing pipe or on a pile, to which the drill head 10 is connected via a rod assembly.
  • Other variants of drives, drilling devices and arrangements in a borehole/pile are also possible.
  • the drill head can also be used in conjunction with a shaft boring machine.
  • the body 11 can have on its circumference 16 fold-out edge cutting tools 17, which in Figure 20 The individual states of the edge tool 17 are shown in the Figures 29 to 31 shown. Furthermore, wear elements 18 are provided on the circumference 16 of the body 11, for example.
  • the drilling tools 12 can be, for example, disc chisels 12a, planing chisels 12b, or roller chisels 12c.
  • the drilling tools 12 are selected Depending on the soil/rock to be removed to create the borehole. Shown here are disc chisels 12a.
  • a series of disks 12a is provided, which also enable the drilling head 10 to be centered.
  • the body 11 has a suction box 70 in a third embodiment.
  • the suction box 70 is shown in the Figures 24 to 29 shown in detail. It has an opening area 72 which has at least one opening 73.
  • the opening 73 of the third embodiment of the suction box 70 has a classification element 74 that divides the opening 73 into opening sections 73a.
  • the classification element 74 determines the grain size of the loosened soil/rock that can enter the interior space 75 of the suction box 70.
  • the interior space 75 is formed by a cover 76 as the top and the opening 73 as the bottom, as well as side walls 78 and a rear wall 77.
  • a funnel is formed, for example, and preferably, due to the fact that the width BB of the interior 75 (see Figure 26 ) is reduced by the shape and arrangement of the cover 76 and the rear wall 77, whereby the flow velocity of the announced mixture of dissolved soil/rock and carrier medium increases with decreasing width BB.
  • an opening 79 is provided, at which a connection 71 for a conveying line (not shown) is provided, which is connected to a pump (not shown) during drilling operation in order to carry out the removal of the loosened soil/rock or the mixture of conveying medium and loosened soil/rock.
  • the height HH of the interior 75 of the suction box 70 increases from the opening area 72 to the opening 79 on the top side of the suction box 70 in order to counteract blockages of the interior 75 by loosened soil/rock.
  • a nozzle bar 81 in the direction of rotation was provided in front of the opening area 72 and a second nozzle bar 80 in the direction of rotation was provided behind the opening area 72 on the underside 13 of the drill head 10.
  • the nozzle bars 81, 82 have a plurality of nozzles 82, 83 arranged in a row. These nozzles 82, 83 each emit a jet AA, DD M of a flushing medium, preferably a liquid jet or a compressed air jet.
  • the nozzles 82 of the nozzle bar 80 and the nozzles 83 of the nozzle bar 81 are arranged such that they are directed towards the working face and towards the opening region 72.
  • the nozzles 82 are arranged at an angle ⁇ to the vertical on the underside 13 of the drill head 10, and the nozzles 83 are arranged at an angle ⁇ to the vertical on the underside 13 of the drill head 10.
  • Angles ⁇ and ⁇ preferably differ from one another. Particularly preferably, angle ⁇ is smaller than angle ⁇ .
  • the jets AA hit the working face (not shown) and cause the loosened soil to swirl or activate, allowing it to be more easily sucked into the opening 73. Furthermore, the jets AA also create a blocking effect, preventing loosened soil from leaving the area CC between the jet AA and the jet DD in the opposite direction of rotation A.
  • a flow ring 84 is preferably provided on the outer circumference of the underside 13 of the drill head 10.
  • the flow ring 84 extends from the underside 13 toward the working face. It is preferably implemented here as a metal sheet provided on the circumference 16 of the drill head 10. The flow ring 84 ensures that the suction through the opening 73 does not occur in the form of a short circuit from the edge area of the bore.
  • openings 85 are provided here, preferably on the right and left sides of the short side of the opening 73. These openings are connected to a line (not shown) through which the fluid is supplied to the suction area.
  • the preferred, targeted supply in the suction area particularly prevents crossflows from occurring below the drill head 10 in the excavation area, which would otherwise result in uncontrolled material transport. Such uncontrolled material transport leads not only to wear but also to the drilling tools 12 repeatedly passing over already loosened soil.
  • a centralization is preferably provided on the underside 13 of the drill head 10.
  • This centralization consists of guide plates and nozzles with which loosened soil is supplied in specific areas to the area of the working face over which the opening area 72 of the suction box 70 passes. This easily controls the material flow, which also enables optimized material distribution from the areas in which more soil is loosened at the working face to the areas in which less soil is loosened by the drilling tools 12, in order to optimize suction.
  • guide vanes 86 of varying lengths and angles of incidence are provided directly behind drilling tools 12 arranged in specific sections.
  • the guide vanes 86 extend from the underside 13 of the drill head 10 towards the working face. They are arranged diagonally so that the loosened material or loosened soil can be efficiently moved from the outer regions of the underside 13 of the drill head 10 towards the suction area 73.
  • This material transport is achieved by nozzles 87, each of which is provided in a housing 88 on the outside of the underside 13 of the drill head 10.
  • the nozzles 87 emit a tangential jet EE of a flushing medium (liquid or air) which strikes the respective guide vane 87.
  • the edge cutting tools 17 also have guide plates 89, which are also arranged diagonally so that material can be transported along the guide plate 89 from the outside through the production of the drill head 10 to the inner region of the underside 13 of the drill head 10.
  • nozzles 90 are provided in a housing 91, which direct a jet FF of a flushing medium (liquid or air) onto the guide plate 89, so that the flow direction of the jet FF is changed at the guide plate 89, so that it runs parallel to the guide plate 89 in the direction HH.
  • a skiving bit 12b is preferably provided, which cuts and straightens the borehole wall.
  • a nozzle 92 For cooling and flushing the skiving bit 12b, a nozzle 92 is provided, which emits a jet (not shown) of a flushing and cooling medium (liquid or air). The jet is directed along the cutter 12b toward the face area. The loosened material washed away here is then captured by the guide plate 89 and also transported away in the flow direction HH, preferably in combination with the jet FF, from the nozzle 90.
  • a nozzle 92 is provided, which emits a jet (not shown) of a flushing and cooling medium (liquid or air).
  • the jet is directed along the cutter 12b toward the face area.
  • the loosened material washed away here is then captured by the guide plate 89 and also transported away in the flow direction HH, preferably in combination with the jet FF, from the nozzle 90.
  • nozzles 93 are provided parallel to the row in a housing 94, which emit a jet GG of a flushing medium (liquid or air) in the flow direction I parallel to the row of disks 12a, so that the loosened material released by the respective disks 12a is conveyed out of the center by the jets GG.
  • guide plates 95 are provided, which here are circumferential and curved and are arranged on the underside 13 of the drill head 10 in a region of the working face over which the opening region 73 of the suction box 70 passes.
  • the guide plates and nozzles divide the underside 13 of the drill head into different material conveying sections J to M.
  • the guide plates 89 in conjunction with the nozzles 90 in the area of the edge cutting tools 17 cause an outer conveying area J, which Figure 22 is shown.
  • the soil which is loosened by the drilling tools 12 located in these areas is conveyed away by the guide plates 89 in the flow direction HH into the concentrically located further inward areas K1 to K4 to L.
  • the areas K1 to K4 are preferably of different sizes because the respective associated guide plates 86 are preferably designed in different lengths.
  • FIGs 30-32 The movement states of the edge cutting tool 17 are shown. They have a base body 96 that is movable in the direction of arrow N.
  • an actuator 97 is provided, which is preferably designed as a hydraulic cylinder.
  • Figure 30 shows the extended position of the edge cutting tool 17, while Figure 31 shows the retracted position.
  • a piston 98 with its piston rod in the cylinder 99 By moving a piston 98 with its piston rod in the cylinder 99, the base body 96 is retracted or extended into the body 11 of the drill head 10.
  • An emergency solution for recovering the drill head 10 after completion of the drilling work is shown, in which due to a malfunction either the base body is no longer retractable or the actuator 97 has failed.
  • a shear bolt 100 is provided, which in normal In the operating state, it acts as a pivot bearing for the direction of movement N for pivoting the base body 96 into the body 11 of the drill head 10. In the event of a malfunction, this shear pin 100 is sheared off, so that the base body 96 can be pivoted about the stop 101 in the direction of arrow O.
  • the stop 101 is the point of action of the actuator 97 on the base body 96.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Tête de forage pour réaliser un forage sensiblement vertical dans le sol, comprenant un corps (11), apte à être relié à un mécanisme d'entraînement en rotation d'un dispositif de forage, des outils de forage (12), agencés sur le corps (11) pour ameublir le sol au niveau du front de taille du forage, ainsi qu'un dispositif d'aspiration, pour évacuer le sol ameubli au niveau du front de taille, lequel est apte à être relié à une pompe, le dispositif d'aspiration comprenant une zone d'ouverture (72) aménagée sur le corps et présentant au moins une ouverture (73) dans la zone des outils de forage (12) au niveau du front de taille, la zone d'ouverture (72) présentant une extension longitudinale, ladite au moins une ouverture (73) de la zone d'ouverture (72) étant reliée à un caisson d'aspiration (70) qui présente, à une extrémité opposée à l'ouverture (73), une ouverture de raccordement pour une liaison avec la pompe et qui présente une largeur (BB) et une hauteur (HH), la largeur (BB) s'étendant parallèlement à l'extension longitudinale de la zone d'ouverture (72) et la hauteur (HH) s'étendant transversalement à la largeur (BB) et parallèlement à la zone d'ouverture (72), et le sol détaché par les outils de forage (12) dans la zone d'ouverture (72) étant apte à être aspiré par la pompe, à travers l'ouverture (73), dans le caisson d'aspiration (70) selon une direction d'écoulement, caractérisée en ce que le caisson d'aspiration (70) est agencé verticalement, en ce que le caisson d'aspiration (70) se rétrécit dans le sens de la largeur (BB) depuis l'ouverture (73) vers l'ouverture de raccordement (79), et en ce que la hauteur (HH) du caisson d'aspiration (70) augmente depuis l'ouverture (73) vers l'ouverture de raccordement (79).
  2. Tête de forage selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la distance entre la zone d'ouverture (73) et le front de taille est réglable.
  3. Tête de forage selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que le réglage de la distance s'effectue par un déplacement vertical du caisson d'aspiration (70) et/ou par un pivotement du caisson d'aspiration (70) autour d'un point de pivotement, un entraînement étant prévu pour le déplacement ou pour le pivotement.
  4. Tête de forage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que la zone d'ouverture (72) s'étend sensiblement radialement vers l'extérieur, vu depuis le centre, et/ou en ce que l'ouverture (73) est réalisée en forme de fente.
  5. Tête de forage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que, vu dans le sens de rotation de la tête de forage (10), au moins deux buses (82) destinées à émettre un jet d'un fluide sont prévues devant l'ouverture (73) sur la face inférieure de la tête de forage (10), et sont orientées vers le front de taille.
  6. Tête de forage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que, vues dans le sens de rotation de la tête de forage, au moins deux buses (83) destinées à émettre un jet d'un fluide sont prévues derrière l'ouverture sur la face inférieure de la tête de forage, lesquelles sont orientées vers le front de taille.
  7. Tête de forage selon la revendication 5 ou la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que la direction du jet correspond à un vecteur qui, à partir de la buse (82, 83), comprend une composante directionnelle vers le front de taille et/ou une composante directionnelle vers l'ouverture.
  8. Tête de forage selon la revendication 6 ou la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que les jets desdites au moins deux buses (83) ont un effet de blocage d'un déplacement du sol ameubli dans le sens inverse de la rotation de la tête de forage (10) et/ou un effet de détachement du sol ameubli provenant du front de taille et/ou un effet d'accélération du sol ameubli.
  9. Tête de forage selon la revendication 5 ou 7, caractérisée en ce que les jets desdites au moins deux buses (82) ont un effet de blocage d'un déplacement du sol ameubli dans le sens de rotation de la tête de forage (10) et/ou un effet de détachement du sol ameubli provenant du front de taille et/ou un effet d'accélération du sol ameubli.
  10. Tête de forage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins une buse (87) est prévue sur la face inférieure de la tête de forage (10) pour émettre un jet d'un fluide, et en ce que le jet provoque un déplacement du sol ameubli dans une zone du front de taille qui est traversée par l'ouverture lors de la rotation de la tête de forage.
  11. Tête de forage selon la revendication 10, caractérisée en ce que le jet frappe une plaque de guidage (86), ce qui provoque une modification de la direction de déplacement du sol ameubli, et en ce que la plaque de guidage (86) est agencée sous la forme d'un élément droit ou courbé sur la face inférieure de la tête de forage, et en ce que l'agencement est diagonal ou au moins partiellement circonférentiel.
  12. Tête de forage selon la revendication 10 ou la revendication 11, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins deux buses (93) orientées en sens inverse sont prévues au centre de la face inférieure de la tête de forage (10).
  13. Tête de forage selon l'une des revendications 10 à 12, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins une buse (87, 93) est prévue de manière alignée tangentiellement sur la face inférieure de la tête de forage (10).
  14. Tête de forage selon l'une des revendications 5 à 13, caractérisée en ce que le fluide est un liquide ou de l'air.
  15. Tête de forage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisée en ce que des outils de coupe périphériques (17) réglables radialement sont prévus.
EP20744020.7A 2019-07-24 2020-07-21 Tête de forage pour réaliser un forage dans le sol Active EP4004341B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP25182189.8A EP4592494A3 (fr) 2019-07-24 2020-07-21 Tête de forage pour réaliser un forage dans le sol
EP25193214.1A EP4617472A3 (fr) 2019-07-24 2020-07-21 Tête de forage pour réaliser un forage dans le sol

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019120019.9A DE102019120019A1 (de) 2019-07-24 2019-07-24 Bohrkopf für das Erstellen einer Bohrung im Boden
PCT/EP2020/070563 WO2021013838A2 (fr) 2019-07-24 2020-07-21 Tête de forage pour réaliser un forage dans le sol

Related Child Applications (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP25193214.1A Division-Into EP4617472A3 (fr) 2019-07-24 2020-07-21 Tête de forage pour réaliser un forage dans le sol
EP25193214.1A Division EP4617472A3 (fr) 2019-07-24 2020-07-21 Tête de forage pour réaliser un forage dans le sol
EP25182189.8A Division EP4592494A3 (fr) 2019-07-24 2020-07-21 Tête de forage pour réaliser un forage dans le sol
EP25182189.8A Division-Into EP4592494A3 (fr) 2019-07-24 2020-07-21 Tête de forage pour réaliser un forage dans le sol

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EP4004341A2 EP4004341A2 (fr) 2022-06-01
EP4004341B1 true EP4004341B1 (fr) 2025-09-10
EP4004341C0 EP4004341C0 (fr) 2025-09-10

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EP25182189.8A Pending EP4592494A3 (fr) 2019-07-24 2020-07-21 Tête de forage pour réaliser un forage dans le sol
EP20744020.7A Active EP4004341B1 (fr) 2019-07-24 2020-07-21 Tête de forage pour réaliser un forage dans le sol
EP25193214.1A Pending EP4617472A3 (fr) 2019-07-24 2020-07-21 Tête de forage pour réaliser un forage dans le sol

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US (1) US12460487B2 (fr)
EP (3) EP4592494A3 (fr)
JP (1) JP7448631B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR102853531B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN114402118B (fr)
DE (1) DE102019120019A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES3045737T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL4004341T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021013838A2 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019120019A1 (de) * 2019-07-24 2021-01-28 Herrenknecht Ag Bohrkopf für das Erstellen einer Bohrung im Boden
ES2999270T3 (en) 2022-11-15 2025-02-25 Bauer Maschinen Gmbh Downhole drilling apparatus and method for producing a borehole in the ground
CN116084954B (zh) * 2023-03-06 2023-06-16 陕西延长石油矿业有限责任公司 一种矿山智能化建井方法

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JP2022541062A (ja) 2022-09-21
US20240209699A1 (en) 2024-06-27
PL4004341T3 (pl) 2025-12-01
EP4592494A2 (fr) 2025-07-30
BR112022001258A2 (pt) 2022-05-17
DE102019120019A1 (de) 2021-01-28
KR102853531B1 (ko) 2025-09-05
WO2021013838A3 (fr) 2021-03-18
EP4004341A2 (fr) 2022-06-01
AU2020318699A1 (en) 2022-02-24
EP4592494A3 (fr) 2025-09-17
EP4004341C0 (fr) 2025-09-10
EP4617472A2 (fr) 2025-09-17
EP4617472A3 (fr) 2025-10-22
CN114402118B (zh) 2024-09-24
US12460487B2 (en) 2025-11-04
KR20220046587A (ko) 2022-04-14
JP7448631B2 (ja) 2024-03-12
CN114402118A (zh) 2022-04-26
WO2021013838A2 (fr) 2021-01-28
ES3045737T3 (en) 2025-11-28

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