EP4045341A1 - Douille de couplage - Google Patents

Douille de couplage

Info

Publication number
EP4045341A1
EP4045341A1 EP20785742.6A EP20785742A EP4045341A1 EP 4045341 A1 EP4045341 A1 EP 4045341A1 EP 20785742 A EP20785742 A EP 20785742A EP 4045341 A1 EP4045341 A1 EP 4045341A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coupling
lubricant cap
cap
lubricant
socket
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20785742.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP4045341B1 (fr
EP4045341C0 (fr
Inventor
Josef Scharmüller
Josef jun. SCHARMÜLLER
Christine Scharmüller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SCHARMUELLER, CHRISTINE
SCHARMUELLER, JOSEF
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP4045341A1 publication Critical patent/EP4045341A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4045341B1 publication Critical patent/EP4045341B1/fr
Publication of EP4045341C0 publication Critical patent/EP4045341C0/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60D—VEHICLE CONNECTIONS
    • B60D1/00—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices
    • B60D1/58—Auxiliary devices
    • B60D1/586—Lubrication means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60D—VEHICLE CONNECTIONS
    • B60D1/00—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices
    • B60D1/01—Traction couplings or hitches characterised by their type
    • B60D1/06—Ball-and-socket hitches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60D—VEHICLE CONNECTIONS
    • B60D1/00—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices
    • B60D1/01—Traction couplings or hitches characterised by their type
    • B60D1/06—Ball-and-socket hitches
    • B60D1/065—Ball-and-socket hitches characterised by the hitch mechanism

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a coupling socket according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • liquid lubricants such as grease or oils, powdered lubricants such as graphite, or lubricants in the form of solid-state components are used in ball couplings in order to reduce the frictional resistance between the coupling socket and the coupling ball and to avoid possible wedging of the coupling ball in the coupling socket.
  • such a solid-state component is fastened in the form of a cap with a positive fit in the coupling socket.
  • the coupling socket can have a groove, in which groove the cap engages with an extension protruding from the particularly semicircular or spherical cap-shaped body of the cap.
  • a cap-shaped solid lubricant component is referred to as a lubricant cap.
  • the area of the pole of the lubricant cap is an area of the smallest radius of the great circle of the lubricant cap. Great circles of the lubricant cap can also be referred to as the latitude of the lubricant cap.
  • the lubricant cap can easily be damaged when the coupling ball is inserted into the coupling socket or when the coupling socket is placed on the coupling ball during the coupling process.
  • the lubricant cap can be severely damaged, especially with high vertical loads, such as those occurring in the coupling operation of an agricultural vehicle with a trailer.
  • the positive fastening of the lubricant cap in a groove means that the lubricant cap can easily be damaged, resulting in a short service life of the lubricant cap and a high maintenance requirement for the ball coupling.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a coupling socket of the type mentioned at the outset, with which the disadvantages mentioned can be avoided, with which the ball coupling requires little maintenance.
  • the energy is distributed over the entire lubricant cap, so that it does not have any weak points caused by attachment extensions that engage in a groove, for example.
  • the rimless design of the lubricant cap in the coupling socket is particularly beneficial when there are high support loads, which significantly extends the life of the lubricant cap and a maintenance requirement of the ball coupling is reduced.
  • Fig. 2 is a detailed view of the coupling socket
  • FIG. 3 shows the lubricant cap in a perspective view.
  • FIG. 1 to 3 show at least parts of a preferred embodiment of a coupling socket 1 for coupling with a coupling ball, the coupling socket 1 having a concave coupling receiving space 2 with a main insertion direction 10 for the coupling ball, with a substantially hemispherical lubricant cap 3 in the coupling receiving space 2 a front edge 4 is arranged, the lubricant cap 3 on its convex outer side touches an inner wall of the coupling receiving space 2 flat and on its concave inner side has a receptacle for the coupling ball, the coupling socket 1 in the coupling receiving space 2 has an insertion aid 5, the end face Edge 4 of the lubricant cap 3 - viewed in the main insertion direction 10 - is arranged behind the insertion aid 5, and the insertion aid 5 has the front edge 4 the lubricant cap 3 is completely covered.
  • the coupling socket 1 is used in particular in a vehicle coupling for the agricultural sector, that is to say for coupling a tractor to an agricultural trailer.
  • the coupling socket 1 has a concave coupling receiving space 2 with a main insertion direction 10 for the coupling ball.
  • the inner surface of the coupling socket 1 is in particular partially spherical.
  • the main insertion direction 10 is that direction or that angle in which the coupling ball is inserted into the coupling socket 1 or in which the coupling socket 1 is placed on the coupling ball.
  • the main insertion direction 10 is in particular normal to a horizontal plane of the coupling socket 1, which plane is spanned by a degree of latitude running on the insertion aid 5 or on the front edge 4 of the lubricant cap 3, the main insertion direction 10 in the direction of the area of the pole of the lubricant cap 3 or of the coupling receiving space 2, which is shown by way of example in FIG.
  • the area of the pole of the coupling receiving space 2 is here an area of the smallest radius of the great circle of the coupling receiving space 2.
  • the coupling socket 1 has a base body.
  • the base body can preferably have a socket section with the coupling receiving space 2, on which socket section a shaft is formed.
  • the coupling receiving space 2 has an inner wall.
  • the shaft can also be formed on a fastening plate which is designed for fastening the coupling socket 1 to a trailer.
  • the main body of the coupling socket 1 is preferably formed from a metal.
  • the base body is formed from an alloy, in particular from steel.
  • the lubricant cap 3 is designed in particular hemispherical and has an end edge 4. It can also be provided that at least the outside of the lubricant cap 3 is partially spherical.
  • the lubricant cap 3 can have a straight surface, in particular in a region of the front edge 4.
  • the end-face edge 4 is in particular designed to be essentially circumferential. It is provided that the lubricant cap 3 touches the inner wall of the coupling receiving space 2 flat on its convex outer side.
  • the lubricant cap 3 also has a receptacle for the coupling ball on its concave inside.
  • the coupling socket 1 has an insertion aid 5 in the coupling receiving space 2.
  • the insertion aid 5 is preferably an extension protruding from the coupling socket 1 into the coupling receiving space 2.
  • the insertion aid 5 can preferably be molded onto the coupling socket 1.
  • the insertion aid 5 can also be designed in one piece with the coupling socket 1.
  • the inner wall of the coupling receiving space 2 extends essentially steadily and hemispherically in the direction of the pole of the coupling receiving space 2 from the insertion aid 5.
  • the insertion aid 5 is embodied in particular circumferentially in the coupling receiving space 2.
  • the insertion aid 5 particularly preferably surrounds an insertion opening in the coupling receiving space 2 in an annular manner.
  • the insertion opening of the Coupling receiving space 2 is that opening of the coupling receiving space 2 into which the coupling ball is inserted during the coupling process.
  • the insertion aid 5 can preferably have a sliding surface 11.
  • the sliding surface 11 can in particular be a surface arranged at an angle to the main insertion direction 10.
  • the sliding surface 11 facilitates the placement of the coupling socket 1 on the coupling ball or the insertion of the coupling ball into the coupling socket 1.
  • the coupling socket 1 can simply be pushed or placed over the coupling ball through the sliding surface 11.
  • the coupling socket 1 or the coupling ball slides along the sliding surface 11 until the coupling socket 1 can be placed on the coupling ball in the main insertion direction 10, or until the coupling ball can be inserted into the coupling receiving space 2 .
  • the insertion aid 5 preferably has a shoulder edge 12 adjoining the sliding surface 11 and running parallel to the main insertion direction 10.
  • the front edge 4 of the lubricant cap 3 - viewed in the main insertion direction 10 - is arranged behind the insertion aid 5, and that the insertion aid 5 completely covers the front edge 4 of the lubricant cap 3, which is exemplified in FIGS 2 is shown. Seen in the main insertion direction 10, the front edge 4 of the lubricant cap 3 is therefore not visible in the coupling socket 1.
  • the rimless design of the lubricant cap 3 in the coupling socket 1 has a particularly favorable effect, which enables a significantly longer service life of the lubricant cap 3 and reduces the need for maintenance of the ball coupling.
  • the coupling socket 1 In a coupled state, the coupling socket 1 is placed on the coupling ball of a coupling part, as a result of which a connection between the coupling part and the coupling socket 1 can be pivoted about three axes.
  • the concave inside of the lubricant cap 3 touches part of the surface of the coupling ball.
  • an inner edge of the lubricant cap 3 adjoining the front edge 4 is supported on the insertion aid 5, which is not shown in the figures.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 the game is shown oversized in FIGS. 1 and 2. This ensures a good hold of the lubricant cap 3 in the coupling socket 1 and prevents the lubricant cap 3 from slipping out of the coupling socket 1 unintentionally.
  • the lubricant cap 3 has a surface that is adjacent and inclined to the front edge 4, which further facilitates placing the coupling socket 1 on the coupling ball or inserting the coupling ball into the coupling socket 1.
  • the insertion aid 5 can particularly preferably have an essentially flat support surface 13 for supporting the front edge 4 or for the inner edge adjoining the front edge 4.
  • the support surface 13 can preferably adjoin the shoulder edge 12 and essentially enclose a right angle with the shoulder edge 12.
  • the support of the front edge 4 on the support surface 13 has the advantage that the lubricant cap 3 is prevented from tipping into or out of the coupling socket 1.
  • the lubricant cap 3 By tilting the lubricant cap 3 in the coupling socket 1, the lubricant cap 3 can be severely damaged in the event of impacts and relative movements, in particular in several axes, as a result of which it must be replaced.
  • the lubricant cap 3 comprises at least one polymer.
  • the polymer can in particular be a partially or highly crystalline polymer.
  • the polymer can in particular comprise a polyamide or a polyaramid.
  • the lubricant cap 3 has at least one slot 6 on the front edge 4.
  • the lubricant cap 3 can simply be inserted or inserted into the coupling receiving space 2 and also removed again by compressing the lubricant cap 3, in particular the front edge 4 of the lubricant cap 3.
  • a lubricant cap 3 with at least one slot 6 is shown by way of example in FIG. 3.
  • the lubricant cap 3 has a plurality of slots 6, in particular equally spaced from one another.
  • the multiple slots 6 are preferably arranged on the front edge 4 of the lubricant cap 3. It is particularly preferred here that the front edge 4 is perforated by means of the slots 6.
  • the lubricant cap 3 has three, in particular has four, preferably six, slots 6.
  • the lubricant cap 3 can be compressed even more easily and can thus be removed or inserted particularly easily.
  • the at least one slot 6 is in particular an elongated recess or opening in the lubricant cap 3.
  • the at least one slot 6 is preferably arranged normal to a great circle of the lubricant cap 3. In other words, the at least one slot 6 preferably runs along a length of the lubricant cap 3.
  • a length of the lubricant cap 3 extends from the pole of the lubricant cap 3 in the direction of the front edge 4 of the lubricant cap 3. that each slot 6 has the greatest possible geometric distance on the lubricant cap 3 from its neighboring slots 6.
  • the at least one slot 6 extends over at least 30%, in particular at least 50%, preferably at least 70%, of the length along a degree of longitude from the front edge 4 to the pole of the lubricant cap 3.
  • the lubricant cap 3 has an anti-twist device 7 with respect to the coupling receiving space 2.
  • the coupling socket 1 is coupled to the coupling ball and a towing vehicle is connected to a trailing vehicle or trailer by means of this ball coupling.
  • the anti-rotation device 7 is arranged on the outside of the lubricant cap 3.
  • the anti-rotation device 7 is designed as at least one rib 8, which enables simple production of the anti-rotation device 7. It often happens that a coupling socket 1 has a cross-shaped recess for receiving lubricants, in particular greasy or pasty lubricants. This recess can advantageously function as a receptacle 9 for the at least one rib 8.
  • the at least rib 8 is arranged along a degree of length on the lubricant cap 3.
  • the at least one rib 8 extends over at least 30%, in particular at least 50%, preferably at least 70%, of the length along a degree of longitude from the pole to the front edge 4 of the lubricant cap 3.
  • the anti-rotation device 7 comprises ribs 8 arranged in a cross-shape, whereby a particularly good anti-rotation device with respect to the coupling receiving space 2 is made possible.
  • the lubricant cap 3 can be held in a fixed position in the coupling receiving space 2 by means of the ribs 8 arranged in the shape of a cross. This results in little wear and tear on the lubricant cap 3 on the front edge 4, since the lubricant cap 3 does not rotate in relation to the coupling receiving space 2.
  • a further advantage here is that the lubricant cap 3, in contrast to an embodiment with a groove and an extension of the lubricant cap that engages in this groove, cannot tilt, which reduces wear on the lubricant cap 3 and enables the lubricant cap 3 to be replaced easily .
  • the at least one rib 8 is arranged centrally between the slots 6.
  • two or more than two slots 6 are each arranged at a distance from one another.
  • the at least one rib 8 is preferably arranged at half the distance between the slots 6, that is to say half the length along a degree of latitude from one slot 6 to an adjacent slot 6, which is shown by way of example in FIG. 3. This results in good geometric utilization of the surface of the lubricant cap 3.
  • the lubricant cap 3 has a plurality of anti-rotation locks 7.
  • several ribs 8 can be arranged in a geometric pattern or several individual ribs 8 arranged in a cross shape on the lubricant cap 3.
  • the anti-rotation device 7 protrudes from the lubricant cap 3 and that a positive-locking receptacle 9 for the anti-rotation device 7 is arranged on the inner wall of the coupling receiving space 2.
  • the coupling socket 1 preferably has recesses which are opposite to the ribs 8 and which form a receptacle 9 for the ribs 8.
  • the ribs 8 engage in a form-fitting manner in the recesses of the coupling receiving space 2.
  • this form-fitting receptacle 9 can be a receptacle for particularly greasy or pasty lubricants. If a coupling socket 1 does not have such a receptacle 9 for lubricants in its coupling receptacle space 2, it can also be provided that the receptacle 9 is produced by a material-removing method, in particular by milling.
  • the depressions of the coupling receiving space 2 can in particular be elongated receptacles 9.
  • the anti-rotation device 7 is designed in the form of several extensions, in particular arranged along a length of the lubricant cap 3 and protruding from the lubricant cap 3.
  • the coupling receiving space 2 has receptacles that are opposite to the extensions.
  • the lubricant cap 3 is formed in one piece, so that the lubricant cap 3 can be manufactured in a particularly simple manner. It can also preferably be provided that the lubricant cap 3 is made of an electrically and / or thermally insulating material.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une douille de couplage (1) destinée à être couplée à une bille de couplage. La douille de couplage (1) présente une zone de réception de couplage concave (2) avec une direction d'insertion principale (10) pour la bille de couplage, et un capuchon de lubrifiant sensiblement semi-sphérique (3) avec un bord de face d'extrémité (4) est disposé dans la zone de réception de couplage (2), l'extérieur convexe du capuchon de lubrifiant (3) étant en contact avec la paroi interne de la zone de réception de couplage (2) sur sa surface, et l'intérieur concave du capuchon de lubrifiant ayant une zone de réception pour la bille de couplage. Selon l'invention, la douille de couplage (1) comporte un dispositif d'aide à l'insertion (5) dans la zone de réception de couplage (2), le bord de face d'extrémité (4) du capuchon de lubrifiant (3), vu dans la direction d'insertion principale (10), est situé derrière le dispositif d'aide à l'insertion (5), et le dispositif d'aide à l'insertion (5) recouvre complètement le bord de face d'extrémité (4) du capuchon de lubrifiant (3).
EP20785742.6A 2019-10-16 2020-10-01 Douille de couplage Active EP4045341B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA50888/2019A AT522340B1 (de) 2019-10-16 2019-10-16 Kupplungspfanne
PCT/EP2020/077573 WO2021073892A1 (fr) 2019-10-16 2020-10-01 Douille de couplage

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4045341A1 true EP4045341A1 (fr) 2022-08-24
EP4045341B1 EP4045341B1 (fr) 2025-10-22
EP4045341C0 EP4045341C0 (fr) 2025-10-22

Family

ID=72717882

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20785742.6A Active EP4045341B1 (fr) 2019-10-16 2020-10-01 Douille de couplage

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US12485714B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP4045341B1 (fr)
AT (1) AT522340B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021073892A1 (fr)

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US12600185B2 (en) * 2024-04-17 2026-04-14 Brian Brunson Multi-layered grease pod for ball and fifth wheel hitches

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP4045341B1 (fr) 2025-10-22
EP4045341C0 (fr) 2025-10-22
US12485714B2 (en) 2025-12-02
AT522340B1 (de) 2020-10-15
US20220388357A1 (en) 2022-12-08
AT522340A4 (de) 2020-10-15
WO2021073892A1 (fr) 2021-04-22

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