EP4077098A1 - Procédé et système de surveillance pour déterminer une position d'un véhicule ferroviaire - Google Patents

Procédé et système de surveillance pour déterminer une position d'un véhicule ferroviaire

Info

Publication number
EP4077098A1
EP4077098A1 EP20811568.3A EP20811568A EP4077098A1 EP 4077098 A1 EP4077098 A1 EP 4077098A1 EP 20811568 A EP20811568 A EP 20811568A EP 4077098 A1 EP4077098 A1 EP 4077098A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rail vehicle
track
monitoring system
transponders
position data
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP20811568.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Wolfgang Schuster
Gottfried Schuster
Florian Auer
Bernhard ANTONY
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Prodes GmbH
Original Assignee
Plasser und Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Plasser und Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen GmbH filed Critical Plasser und Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen GmbH
Publication of EP4077098A1 publication Critical patent/EP4077098A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L25/00—Recording or indicating positions or identities of vehicles or trains or setting of track apparatus
    • B61L25/02—Indicating or recording positions or identities of vehicles or trains
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L25/00—Recording or indicating positions or identities of vehicles or trains or setting of track apparatus
    • B61L25/02—Indicating or recording positions or identities of vehicles or trains
    • B61L25/025—Absolute localisation, e.g. providing geodetic coordinates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L23/00—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains
    • B61L23/06—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains for warning men working on the route
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L2205/00—Communication or navigation systems for railway traffic
    • B61L2205/04—Satellite based navigation systems, e.g. global positioning system [GPS]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for determining a position of a rail vehicle moving on a track by means of an optical measuring system comprising a stereo camera system and an evaluation device, with the stereo camera system using an image pair from a reference point in a lateral vicinity of the track is recorded and the position of the rail vehicle in relation to the reference point is determined by means of photogrammetry.
  • the invention also relates to a monitoring system for carrying out the method.
  • AT 518579 A1 discloses a precise measuring system for determining position in track construction.
  • this solution is used to record a current track position with millimeter precision.
  • it is used to localize a rail vehicle equipped with the measuring system.
  • the measuring system is used to compare measurements of an inertial measuring unit and a displacement transducer in a stationary reference system. These are located next to the track Reference points recorded by means of a stereo camera system and their position determined. Marking bolts, which are attached to fixed equipment such as electrical masts, are usually used as reference points.
  • the invention is based on the object of improving a method of the type mentioned at the beginning in such a way that there is a high level of reliability in the localization of a rail vehicle.
  • a monitoring system is to be specified which enables a reliable and robust localization of a rail vehicle.
  • the position of the rail vehicle is additionally recorded by means of a radio-based measurement system for real-time localization by means of anchor modules attached to the rail vehicle and by means of transponders attached to several reference points, with position data of the two measurement systems being compared by means of a system center. In this way, two independent measuring systems are used to generate position data. A comparison of this position data ensures a particularly reliable localization of the rail vehicle. Even if a system fails, the rail vehicle can still be located, which means that high safety requirements are met.
  • An advantageous further development of the invention provides that a multilateral signal transmission between the anchor modules and the transponders is carried out by means of chirp frequency spreading.
  • a modulation technique that uses so-called chirp pulses for frequency spreading is referred to as chirp spread spectrum (CSS).
  • a corresponding modulation method is standardized in the IEEE 802.15.4a standard. Signal modulation by means of chirp frequency spreading prevents the danger a signal corruption, which would be possible, for example, with a GNSS signal through jamming or soofing.
  • Another improvement provides that an optical code recorded together with the reference point is evaluated to determine position data within a track network.
  • This is, for example, a QR code that contains information on the position of the reference point in the track network. Due to its robustness, such an optical code is particularly suitable for use in track construction.
  • At least one of the transponders sends a digital code for determining position data within a track network.
  • the rail vehicle can be located in the track network using the radio-based measurement system alone. It is advantageous to provide various redundancies in order to maintain system security in the event of radio links being obstructed. For example, more transponders with position data and more anchor modules are installed than would be necessary for trouble-free localization.
  • the radio-based measuring system records a current position of a person working on the track and equipped with a personal transponder. This means that the positions of people working on the track are known at all times. The corresponding position data is used to generate automated warnings in the event of hazards.
  • a radio-based measuring system is also set up for real-time localization, with anchor modules attached to the rail vehicle and with transponders attached to several reference points, a system center being coupled to the two measuring systems in order to compare position data from both measuring systems.
  • the system center is coupled to a machine control of the rail vehicle in order to trigger an emergency brake in the event of danger.
  • the system center receives position data from other rail vehicles and from people on the track.
  • the emergency brake is triggered if the approach limit is not reached or if a defined safety area is penetrated.
  • An improvement of the radio-based measurement system provides that the anchor modules and the transponders are set up for multilateral signal transmission by means of chirp frequency spreading and that at least one computer unit is set up to evaluate the signal transmission. Redundancies make sense to ensure the system's reliability. For example, several computer units are interconnected to form a high availability cluster. In this way, reliable localization by means of the radio-based measuring system is still possible in the event of a failure of a computer unit.
  • each transponder is set up to periodically emit a detection signal.
  • the period is matched to the given requirements. A shorter period enables the components to respond more quickly. For one If the transponder consumes less energy, a longer period is an advantage.
  • Safety requirement level (safety integrity level, SIL) is achieved.
  • a reference unit comprises an optical measurement marker and one of the transponders.
  • the functions of both measuring systems are integrated in such a reference unit.
  • the respective optical reference point and the reference point of the associated transponder advantageously coincide. The resulting position data can then be compared very easily.
  • the monitoring system is developed in an advantageous manner if a person working on the track is equipped with a personal warning device and if the personal warning device comprises a personal transponder and a cellular module.
  • the device thus fulfills both the function of determining position and the function of personal warning.
  • a vibration bracelet for example, is used as a warning device, which is activated via the cellular module in dangerous situations.
  • the rail vehicle comprises at least one GNSS receiving device. This means that another localization system is implemented, which increases the reliability and failure safety of the monitoring system.
  • the rail vehicle includes at least one cellular radio module.
  • data communication with a control center of an automatic warning system can thus be carried out.
  • AWS automatic warning system
  • Fig. 1 rail vehicle on a track system
  • Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the monitoring system
  • Fig. 3 components of the radio-based measuring system
  • the rail vehicle 1 shown in FIG. 1 is provided for carrying out track construction work on a track system 2. It is, for example, a tamping machine with various working units 3.
  • a fleece straightening unit and a tamping unit as well as components of a tendon measuring system are shown.
  • Other track construction machines, measuring vehicles, retrofitting trains, material transport vehicles and the like are also considered to be rail vehicles for the purposes of the present invention.
  • a monitoring system 4 is set up, by means of which the rail vehicle 1 can be localized at any time.
  • the monitoring system 4 comprises an optical measuring system 5 and a radio-based measuring system 6.
  • the rail vehicle 1 moves on a working track 8, next to which a working track 9 runs.
  • a working track 9 runs for a person 10 working on the track 8
  • the rail vehicle 1 and the moving work units 3 pose a risk.
  • the operating track 9 forms a danger zone because other rail vehicles run on it during the track construction work.
  • the optical measuring system 5 comprises a stereo camera system 11 and an evaluation device 12, which are arranged on the rail vehicle 1.
  • Two flea speed cameras are used for precise detection at higher speeds. These are particularly sensitive in the infrared range and detect the area around the track 8, which is irradiated with infrared lights. For example, several infrared emitters are arranged around the optics of the two cameras.
  • optical reference points 13 are arranged on the track side. These are retroreflective measuring markers that are preferably provided with a QR code. Each measurement marker has a point that can be determined by automatic pattern recognition, for example the center of a circle. Markers with redundant picture elements are advantageous for efficient pattern recognition.
  • the reference points 13 are preferably arranged on masts 14 of a catenary system.
  • the distance from mast 14 to mast 14 in the longitudinal direction of the track is usually 60 m to 80 m. In the transverse direction of the track, the distance for a double-track route is approximately 11 m. The resulting small distances between the reference points 13 lead to the high accuracy of the two measuring systems 5 , 6 with respect to a stationary reference system.
  • the radio-based measuring system 6 comprises anchor modules 15 arranged on the rail vehicle 1 and transponders 16 attached to several reference points 13 of the track system 2. It is advantageous if the reference points 13 of the transponders 16 match the reference points 13 of the optical measuring system 5. This makes it easier to compare the measurement data by means of a system center 17.
  • the respective anchor module 15 is a transmitting / receiving unit that transmits and receives radio signals.
  • the transmitted signals are received by the transponders 16 and sent back filtered.
  • the respective distance between the anchor modules 15 and the transponders 16 is determined by determining the transit time (Time Difference of Arrival, TDOA). The position is then determined using trilateration.
  • TDOA Time Difference of Arrival
  • the anchor modules 15 and the transponders 16 are set up for multilateral signal transmission.
  • a modulation technique with chirp frequency spreading is used, which uses so-called chirp pulses for frequency spreading.
  • the signal transmission is controlled and evaluated by means of a computer unit 18.
  • the computer unit 18 is also used for localization by determining the transit time and trilateration set up.
  • a redundant second computer unit 18 increases the reliability.
  • a chirp pulse is a sinusoidal signal, with the frequency rising or falling continuously over time.
  • a corresponding signal curve is used in signal modulation by means of chirp frequency spreading as an elementary transmission pulse which represents a symbol.
  • a coding with one bit per symbol is advantageously selected for a data stream to be transmitted. This ensures particularly robust signal transmission.
  • the signal transmission between the anchor modules 15 and the transponders 16 takes place as a chronological sequence of a sequence of ascending and descending chirp pulses.
  • the chirp frequency spreading uses a large bandwidth, which is directly caused by the respective chirp pulse. This modulation method is particularly robust against interference due to the Doppler effect, because only the frequency change over the time of a chirp pulse is important. Within certain limits, the absolute frequency has no influence on the robustness of the transmission.
  • position data of the transponder 16 are stored in the computer unit 18.
  • the anchor modules 15 send out localization signals, which are sent back filtered by the transponders 16.
  • the computer unit 18 evaluates the localization signals and thus determines a current position of the rail vehicle 1 that is accurate to the centimeter in real time.
  • Each person 10 working on track 8 is equipped with a personal warning device 19.
  • these person-related transponders 16 can also be localized with centimeter precision in real time.
  • the respective person 10 is warned immediately and the rail vehicle 1 is stopped automatically if necessary.
  • the components of the monitoring system 4 are explained in detail with reference to FIG. 2.
  • the signal box 7 one Railway infrastructure company (EIU) comprises a transmitting / receiving device 23 with a mobile radio module 20 including an antenna.
  • the radio connection of the rail vehicle 1 thus takes place, for example, by means of GSM-R (Global System for Mobile Communications-Railway) or FRMCS (Future Railway Mobile Communication System), based on LTE (Long Term Evolution) and 5G (fifth generation).
  • GSM-R Global System for Mobile Communications-Railway
  • FRMCS Full Railway Mobile Communication System
  • the rail vehicle 1 is advantageously equipped with an automated warning system (AWS) 24.
  • AWS automated warning system
  • SCWS signal-controlled warning system
  • An AWS control center 25 arranged in the interlocking 7 communicates with the automated warning system 24 of the rail vehicle 1 in order to generate a warning and / or to activate the stop function when another rail vehicle approaches on the operating track 9.
  • the AWS center 25 is coupled to a railway safety system (ESA) 26.
  • ESA railway safety system
  • a TE POS center 27 evaluates position data from a terrestrial radio reference station network 28. TEPOS is used to correct GNSS data.
  • GNSS position data 29 of the rail vehicle 1 are generated.
  • a first GNSS receiving device 30 including a GNSS antenna 31 is arranged on the rail vehicle 1.
  • the GNSS position data 29 are transmitted via the mobile radio module 20 to the TEPOS center 27 and, corrected by means of TEPOS correction data 32, are transmitted back to the rail vehicle 1.
  • the rail vehicle 1 comprises two GNSS receiving devices 33, which are coupled to the optical measuring system 5.
  • This second GNSS receiving device 33 comprises a GNSS antenna 31, a longitudinal measuring device and a system processor for precise GNSS position determination. The position data recorded in this way are compared with the measurement results of the optical measurement system 5.
  • a third GNSS receiving device 34 In order to further increase the reliability of the monitoring system 4, it makes sense to arrange a third GNSS receiving device 34.
  • the position data received by means of a GNSS antenna 31 are also included here the so-called European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service (EGNOS).
  • EGNS European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service
  • GAA European Global Positioning System
  • GSA European Global Navigation Satellite Systems Agency
  • the data acquired with the redundant real-time localization systems 5, 6, 24, 30, 33, 34 described are processed in the system center 17 (central localization, control and monitoring unit).
  • the system center 17 is constructed, for example, as a powerful industrial computer with various peripheral devices.
  • a redundant system control center 17 is arranged in order to achieve a very high safety requirement level (safety integrity level 4, SIL4).
  • SIL4-evaluated localization system including a SIL4 train integrity assured from the rail vehicle 1 track vacancy detection is no longer required and all associated infrastructure systems (axle counters, punctual train control, train journeys in block sections, etc.) are eliminated.
  • the system control center 17 continuously monitors the tracks 8, 9.
  • the redundant systems 5, 6, 24, 30, 33, 34 localize the rail vehicle 1 and the people 10 on the tracks 8, 9 with high precision .
  • Additional track-bound objects 35 can also be involved in track construction work. These are, for example, further track construction machines, material or measuring trolleys. These objects 35 are also equipped with redundant real-time localization systems. As soon as an object 35 or a person 10 is located in a danger area 22, a warning is issued via the automatic warning system 23, 24. In this case, the persons 10 concerned are warned by means of the personal warning device 19. If necessary, emergency braking of the rail vehicle 1 or of the other track-bound objects 35 is also activated. Furthermore, the system center 17 continuously monitors the three redundant GNSS receiving devices 30, 33, 34.
  • a GNSS receiving device 30, 33, 34 fails, the system center 17 automatically issues a warning. If two GNSS receiving devices 30, 33, 34 fail, a warning with an obligation to acknowledge is automatically output. If all three GNSS receiving devices 30, 33, 34 fail, a permanent alarm is issued with an obligation to acknowledge. In addition, the rail vehicle 1 is stopped.
  • Another function of the system center 17 is the ongoing monitoring of the two measuring systems 5, 6.
  • the system center 17 references and checks the plausibility of the position data of both measuring systems 5, 6. If necessary, correction data is generated which is sent to the three redundant GNSS receiving devices 30 , 33, 34 are transmitted.
  • the system center 17 automatically issues a warning with an obligation to acknowledge. If both measuring systems 5, 6 fail, a continuous alarm is automatically issued with an obligation to acknowledge.
  • An interface 36 connects the system center 17 with various input and output systems for operating personnel (machinists, drivers, security guards, etc.). These input and output systems fulfill the following functions:
  • a network connection 37 (TCP / IP connection) is set up for the ongoing status monitoring of the dual system control center 17 and the various peripheral devices.
  • the functions of the rail vehicle 1 described above can be used via this network connection 37 corresponding authorization can also be called up or influenced via remote access.
  • FIG. 3 An advantageous embodiment of the radio-based measuring system 6 is shown in FIG. 3. With the illustrated arrangement of at least eight anchor modules 15 on the rail vehicle 1, there is a high level of failure safety. This ensures that at least two anchor modules 15 localize the transponders 16 attached to the masts 14 and the transponders 16 carried by the people 10.
  • the localization signals of the vehicle 1 are indicated with thin dotted lines. The thick dotted lines show the localization signals of the people 10.
  • each transponder 16 sends a digital code as a recognition signal.
  • These codes are stored in the system center 17 and linked to coordinates within a track network. Localization within the track network is thus possible with the radio-based measuring system 6 alone.
  • each reference point 13 has an optical code.
  • a QR code is integrated in a measurement marker defined as a reference point 13.
  • the stereo camera system 11 then records the QR code together with the reference point 13.
  • the QR code is in turn stored in the system center 17 and linked to coordinates of the track network.
  • An integrated reference unit 38 is advantageously arranged on each mast 14. This includes one of the transponders 16 and defines a reference point 13 for the radio-based measuring system 6.
  • the optical marker with QR code is arranged on a housing of the transponder 16, the optical reference point 13 coinciding with the reference point 13 of the radio-based measuring system 6.
  • the respective personal warning device 19 is also expediently designed as an integrated unit.
  • the transponder 16 and the mobile radio module 20 are accommodated in a common housing.
  • an acoustic, an optical and / or a haptic warning transmitter is arranged.
  • the corresponding person 10 is localized via the transponder 16.
  • the automatic warning system sends 24, 25 a warning message via the mobile radio module 20 and the warning transmitters 21 are activated.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour déterminer une position d'un véhicule ferroviaire (1) qui se déplace le long d'une voie (8) au moyen d'un système de mesure optique (5) qui comprend un système de caméra stéréo (11) et un dispositif d'évaluation (12), une paire d'images étant enregistrée à partir d'un point de référence (13) dans l'environnement latéral de la voie (8) au moyen du système de caméra stéréo (11) et la position du véhicule ferroviaire (1) par rapport au point de référence (13) étant déterminée par photogrammétrie. La position du véhicule ferroviaire (1) est également détectée au moyen d'un système de mesure radio (6) en vue d'une localisation en temps réel au moyen d'un module d'ancrage (15) fixé au véhicule ferroviaire (1) et au moyen de transpondeurs (15) fixés à une pluralité de points de référence (13), des données de position des deux systèmes de mesure (5, 6) étant comparées au moyen d'un centre de commande de système (17). Deux systèmes de mesure indépendants (5, 6) sont utilisés de cette manière pour générer des données de position.
EP20811568.3A 2019-12-16 2020-11-20 Procédé et système de surveillance pour déterminer une position d'un véhicule ferroviaire Pending EP4077098A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT4022019 2019-12-16
PCT/EP2020/082791 WO2021121854A1 (fr) 2019-12-16 2020-11-20 Procédé et système de surveillance pour déterminer une position d'un véhicule ferroviaire

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4077098A1 true EP4077098A1 (fr) 2022-10-26

Family

ID=73544160

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20811568.3A Pending EP4077098A1 (fr) 2019-12-16 2020-11-20 Procédé et système de surveillance pour déterminer une position d'un véhicule ferroviaire

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US12214815B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP4077098A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP7746267B2 (fr)
AT (1) AT17358U1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021121854A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2021121854A1 (fr) 2021-06-24
US20230022877A1 (en) 2023-01-26
JP2023506870A (ja) 2023-02-20
US12214815B2 (en) 2025-02-04
AT17358U1 (de) 2022-02-15
JP7746267B2 (ja) 2025-09-30

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