EP4249685B1 - Procédé et engin de construction pour le compactage du sol - Google Patents

Procédé et engin de construction pour le compactage du sol

Info

Publication number
EP4249685B1
EP4249685B1 EP23186219.4A EP23186219A EP4249685B1 EP 4249685 B1 EP4249685 B1 EP 4249685B1 EP 23186219 A EP23186219 A EP 23186219A EP 4249685 B1 EP4249685 B1 EP 4249685B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support cable
winch
cable
winch drum
compacting element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP23186219.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP4249685A2 (fr
EP4249685C0 (fr
EP4249685A3 (fr
Inventor
Andreas HUGL
David Pfeiffer
Andreas SCHUELL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bauer Maschinen GmbH
Original Assignee
Bauer Maschinen GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bauer Maschinen GmbH filed Critical Bauer Maschinen GmbH
Priority to EP23186219.4A priority Critical patent/EP4249685B1/fr
Publication of EP4249685A2 publication Critical patent/EP4249685A2/fr
Publication of EP4249685A3 publication Critical patent/EP4249685A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4249685B1 publication Critical patent/EP4249685B1/fr
Publication of EP4249685C0 publication Critical patent/EP4249685C0/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/18—Control systems or devices
    • B66C13/46—Position indicators for suspended loads or for crane elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/28—Other constructional details
    • B66D1/40—Control devices
    • B66D1/48—Control devices automatic
    • B66D1/485—Control devices automatic electrical
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/28—Other constructional details
    • B66D1/40—Control devices
    • B66D1/48—Control devices automatic
    • B66D1/50—Control devices automatic for maintaining predetermined rope, cable, or chain tension, e.g. in ropes or cables for towing craft, in chains for anchors; Warping or mooring winch-cable tension control
    • B66D1/505—Control devices automatic for maintaining predetermined rope, cable, or chain tension, e.g. in ropes or cables for towing craft, in chains for anchors; Warping or mooring winch-cable tension control electrical
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
    • E02D3/046—Improving by compacting by tamping or vibrating, e.g. with auxiliary watering of the soil

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for soil compaction using a construction machine, wherein a support cable is guided along a mast, the support cable is wound up and unwound by means of a rotatably mounted winch drum of a cable winch, the winch drum is driven in rotation by means of a winch drive, and a compaction element is arranged on the support cable, which is moved vertically by the support cable, wherein the support cable is unwound from the winch drum of the cable winch and the compaction element is lowered on the support cable from a position above a ground surface to the ground surface, wherein the compaction element impacts the ground surface and thereby compacts the soil, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention further relates to a construction machine for soil compaction comprising a mast, a support cable which is guided along the mast, a cable winch with a rotatably mounted winch drum to which the support cable is attached for winding and unwinding, a winch drive for rotating the winch drum, a compaction element which is attached for vertical movement to the support cable, and a control unit by which the cable winch can be operated to unwind the support cable from the winch drum, wherein the compaction element is lowered on the support cable to a ground surface and the compaction element impacts the ground surface to compact the soil, according to the preamble of claim 11.
  • a generic construction machine comes from the EP 3 708 528 A1 out.
  • Such disordered rope winding on the winch drum can lead to damage to the winch drum and, in particular, to increased wear on the suspension rope. This can not only significantly shorten the service life of the suspension rope, but can also impair the overall maximum load-bearing capacity of the suspension rope.
  • the EP 3 708 528 A1 A rope pressure device with at least one pressure element must be provided in the area of the winch drum. This reliably prevents the propagation of the suspension rope vibration to the rope area wound on the winch drum.
  • the rope pressure device represents additional design effort and requires a corresponding amount of space on the construction machine. Furthermore, the rope pressure device also requires maintenance at regular intervals.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a method and a construction machine for soil compaction with which the negative effects of a rope vibration of the support rope on the rope winding on the winch drum are counteracted particularly efficiently.
  • the object is achieved on the one hand by a method having the features of claim 1 and on the other hand by a construction machine having the features of claim 11.
  • Preferred embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.
  • the winding can be directly observed by a machine operator from an operator's cab. Even with any arrangement of the winch drum according to the invention, a clean cable winding can be ensured by detecting a winding of the support cable on the winch drum using a sensor unit, in particular a camera unit, a radar unit, or another suitable sensor. The image from the camera unit can be displayed to a machine operator in the machine cab. Detection can be optical, contactless via energy waves, tactile, electronic, magnetic, by reed contact, or in another suitable manner.
  • the sensor unit can be connected to the control unit, which uses signals or data recorded by the sensor unit to determine whether the winding on the winch drum is correct.
  • the signal or data can, in particular, be an image.
  • the recorded sensor signal for the rope winding is evaluated electronically, for example using image processing software.
  • the machine operator or the control unit can individually adjust the amount or dimension of the unwinding of the support rope until the rope is correctly wound on the winch drum.
  • the amount of unwinding can be specified as a rotation angle measurement for the winch drum or a length measurement for the support rope or a time period for controlling the winch drive (at a defined speed).
  • the winch drum is decoupled from the winch drive via a coupling device when the support cable is unwound, that the winch drive is driven in a direction of rotation to wind up the support cable before the compaction element hits the ground surface, and that after the compaction element hits the ground surface, the coupling device couples the winch drum to the winch drive which is already driven in rotation.
  • This preferred embodiment of the invention is based on the finding that insufficient tension of the support cable in the area of the winch, caused by cable vibration, can lead to cable windings on the winch drum jumping out of their intended position.
  • the winch drive is decoupled from the winch drum via a coupling device during unwinding of the support cable in a period of time before the compaction element hits the ground surface.
  • the movement of the winch drum is thus independent of the movement of the winch drive. This independence can be used to operate the winch drive early in a direction of rotation required for winding the support cable.
  • the coupling device allows the winch drum to be reconnected or coupled to the winch drive, particularly immediately after the compaction element has hit the ground surface, whereby the torque of the winch drive applied to the drive shaft can have a direct effect on the winch drum and a resulting abruptly starting rotational movement of the winch drum in the direction of winding up the support cable leads to very rapid cable tension in the area of the winch.
  • a winding force can be applied to the support cable via the winch drum immediately after or upon impact of the compaction element with the ground surface, so that the cable is immediately tensioned again in the area of the winch.
  • This immediate cable tension significantly counteracts the formation of slack in the winch area and the associated jumping of cable windings on the winch drum from their intended position. This reduces the risk of unwanted misalignment of cable windings on the winch drum.
  • the support cable can in principle be connected directly to the compaction element.
  • a chain and/or a steel cable suspension is arranged as a buffer between the support cable and the compaction element. This prevents compression of the support cable during braking due to contact with the compaction element.
  • a chain and/or a steel cable suspension can optionally be arranged between the support cable and the compaction element. and the steel cable suspension at least one additional weight, for example in the form of a steel crossbeam, must be arranged.
  • the soil compaction method can be carried out manually by a machine operator.
  • the control unit can, in particular, be connected to the winch drive and the coupling device and actuate them accordingly.
  • the control unit can also be connected to one or more sensors that detect the position of the compaction element and/or the cable tension.
  • the coupling device can be designed as a lockable freewheel clutch, whereby locking or unlocking can be effected by the control unit.
  • the coupling device can, in principle, be designed in any suitable manner. According to a further development of the invention, it is particularly expedient for the coupling device to comprise a free-fall brake, whereby unwinding of the support cable occurs during a free fall of the compaction element.
  • a free-fall brake After the brake is released, the winch drum can be driven with low friction solely by the weight of the compaction element suspended from the support cable, whereby the compaction element can impact the ground surface in a kind of free fall. During this free fall, a certain minimum tensile stress is present on the support cable.
  • the coupling device can be activated at any time.
  • a preferred variant of the invention is that the coupling device is activated when the compaction element reaches the ground surface. This ensures that, on the one hand, the freest possible fall motion of the compaction element is achieved and, on the other hand, that torque is transferred from the winch drive to the winch drum immediately after impact with the ground, generating the desired cable tension of the support cable in the area of the winch.
  • any torque can be set on the winch drive for any period of time.
  • the winch drive generates a tightening torque during coupling, by means of which the supporting cable is tensioned in the area of the winch.
  • the tightening torque can preferably be designed such that it leads to the desired cable tension, but the compaction element is not lifted from the ground. A second, higher torque can then be set for lifting.
  • the object is achieved by briefly tensioning the support cable in the area of the winch after the compaction element has hit the ground. Then, before the compaction element is lifted from the ground again, the control unit automatically unwinds the support cable from the winch drum by a certain amount. Preferably, the support cable is rewound immediately thereafter.
  • incorrect winding of the support cable on the winch drum is counteracted by first briefly tensioning the support cable in the area of the winch without lifting the compaction element from the ground. Subsequently, before lifting the compaction element from the ground, the control unit automatically unwinds and releases the tension in this way by a certain amount, thereby correcting any misalignment of the winding on the winch drum.
  • the support cable can then be automatically wound up again by the control unit and the compaction element can be lifted from the ground until the compaction element reaches the desired starting position above the ground for another compaction process.
  • the amount or degree of unwinding of the support cable before the compaction element is raised again by winding the support cable can be adjusted in any suitable manner. According to a further development of the invention, it is particularly advantageous that the support cable is unwound until it is correctly wound on the winch drum. This ensures a clean winding and thus minimal wear on the support cable over the long term.
  • the amount of unwinding of the support cable before a new lifting operation of the compaction element is automatically adjusted by the control unit or by a machine operator. This amount can be constant or variable.
  • the winch drum can also be arranged directly on the mast, particularly in an upper area of the mast.
  • the winch drum and the winch drive can thus be arranged directly or close to a carrier device. so that the construction machine as a whole has the lowest possible center of gravity.
  • the carrier device can, in particular, have an undercarriage with a rotatably mounted superstructure.
  • the undercarriage can, in particular, comprise a chassis, in particular a crawler chassis.
  • At least one sensor unit in particular a camera unit, a radar unit or an ultrasound or another suitable sensor, is arranged in the region of the winch drum for detecting a winding of the support cable on the winch drum.
  • a construction machine 10 designed as a crawler crane from Fig. 1 has a mobile carrier device 12.
  • the carrier device 12 comprises a crawler chassis 14 on which an upper carriage 15 is rotatably mounted.
  • a mast 16 also referred to as a boom arm, is mounted on the upper carriage 15 and pivots about a horizontal pivot axis.
  • a support beam 26, a support beam 28, and an adjusting cable mechanism 27 are provided on the upper carriage 15 in a generally known manner.
  • At least one support cable 20 is guided from the superstructure 15 via a mast head 18 of the mast 16, from which a compaction element 30 is suspended, which in the illustrated embodiment is designed as an impact weight 32 for soil compaction.
  • the support cable 20 is adjustably driven via a double winch arrangement in the superstructure 15, as is generally known from the prior art.
  • a cable pressure device 40 can be arranged on each of the two sections of the support cable 20, one of which is attached to the support beam. 26, also called an A-frame, and the other is attached to the mast 16.
  • the ends of the support cable 20 are each attached to a cable winch in the superstructure 15, thus providing a double cable winch arrangement for rapid lifting operations.
  • a control unit can be provided on the superstructure 15, particularly in a cabin.
  • FIG. 2 A possible arrangement of a cable winch 22 for the construction machine 10 according to the invention is shown.
  • the cable winch 22 has a winch drum 24 for winding and unwinding the support cable 20.
  • the winch drum 24 can be driven in rotation in basically both directions of rotation via a winch drive 23 (only partially shown) via an intermediate coupling device 25.
  • the coupling device 25 can be designed as a lockable freewheel clutch or a so-called free-fall brake, whereby the support cable 20 is unwound in a kind of free fall solely via the weight of the compacting element 30.
  • the coupling device 25 can immediately reestablish a rotationally fixed connection between the winch drive 23 and the winch drum 24.
  • the winch drive 23 is driven in a winding direction, preferably clockwise in the illustrated embodiment, via the control unit before reconnection by the coupling device 25.
  • a tightening torque of the winch drive 23 is applied to the winch drum 24.
  • This allows a desired tension of the support cable 20 in the area of the cable winch 22 to be achieved.
  • This effectively counteracts the formation of slack in the cable and, in particular, the transmission of cable vibration of the support cable 20 to the winding of the support cable 20 on the winch drum 24.
  • a clean winding of the support cable 20 on the winch drum 24 can be monitored by a camera unit 50 as a sensor unit.
  • a radar unit, ultrasound sensor, or another suitable sensor, such as an optical sensor, a magnetic sensor, or a reed contact can also be used.
  • the support cable 20 can be unwound by a machine operator or preferably automatically via the control unit if an undesired offset of the support cable 20 occurs on the winch drum 24 before the compaction element 30 is raised from the ground again.
  • the winch drum 24 can be used to smoothly wind the cable, followed by lifting the compaction element 30 from the ground. This allows for a clean winding of the support cable 20 on the winch drum 24.
  • a further, generally known, rope pressure device 40 with a plate-shaped pressure element 42 can be provided on the winch drum 24.
  • the pressure element 42 is movably mounted by means of a base support 46 and can be pressed against the rope winding on the winch drum 24 by means of a pressure cylinder 48 to further prevent rope misalignment.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Road Paving Machines (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Procédé de compactage du sol avec une machine de construction (10), dans lequel
    - un câble porteur (20) est guidé le long d'un mât (16),
    - le câble porteur (20) est enroulé et déroulé au moyen d'un tambour de treuil (24) monté rotatif d'un treuil à câble (22),
    - le tambour de treuil (24) est entraîné en rotation au moyen d'un entraînement de treuil (23) et
    - un élément de compactage (30) est agencé sur le câble porteur (20), lequel est déplacé verticalement par le câble porteur (20), le câble porteur (20) est déroulé du tambour de treuil (24) du treuil à câble (22) et l'élément de compactage (30) est abaissé d'une position au-dessus d'une surface du sol sur le câble porteur (20) jusqu'à la surface du sol, l'élément de compactage (30) frappant la surface du sol et le sol étant ainsi compacté,
    caractérisé en ce
    - qu'un enroulement du câble porteur (20) sur le tambour de treuil (24) est détecté au moyen d'une unité de détection, notamment d'une unité de caméra (50) ou d'une unité de radar.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    - l'unité de détection est en liaison avec une unité de commande qui détermine, à l'aide d'un signal détecté par l'unité de détection, si un enroulement correct est présent sur le tambour de treuil (24).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    - le tambour de treuil (24) est désaccouplé de l'entraînement de treuil (23) par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif d'accouplement (25) lors du déroulement du câble porteur (20),
    - en ce qu'avant même un impact de l'élément de compactage (30) sur la surface du sol, l'entraînement de treuil (23) est entraîné dans une direction de rotation pour enrouler le câble porteur (20) et
    - en ce qu'après l'impact de l'élément de compactage (30) sur la surface du sol, le dispositif d'accouplement (25) accouple le tambour de treuil (24) à l'entraînement de treuil (23) déjà entraîné en rotation.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le procédé est mis en œuvre automatiquement au moyen de l'unité de commande.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 3 ou 4,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif d'accouplement (25) comprend un frein de chute libre, un déroulement du câble porteur (20) ayant lieu lors d'une chute libre de l'élément de compactage (30).
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif d'accouplement (25) effectue un accouplement lorsque l'élément de compactage (30) atteint la surface du sol.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 6,
    caractérisé en ce que,
    lors de l'accouplement, l'entraînement de treuil (23) génère un couple de serrage qui tend le câble porteur (20) dans la zone du treuil (22).
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le câble porteur (20) est d'abord tendu dans la zone du treuil à câble (22) après l'impact de l'élément de compactage (30) sur le sol et ensuite, avant un nouveau soulèvement de l'élément de compactage (30) du sol, le câble porteur (20) est automatiquement déroulé du tambour de treuil (24) par l'unité de commande d'un certain montant, de préférence réglable par le conducteur de la machine.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 8,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    un déroulement du câble porteur (20) est effectué jusqu'à ce qu'un enroulement correct du câble porteur (20) sur le tambour de treuil (24) soit présent.
  10. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 ou 9,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le montant de déroulement du câble porteur (20) est réglé avant une nouvelle opération de soulèvement de l'élément de compactage (30) par un opérateur de la machine ou automatiquement par l'unité de commande.
  11. Machine de construction pour le compactage du sol, avec
    - un mât (16),
    - un câble porteur (20) qui est guidé le long du mât (16),
    - un treuil à câble (22) avec un tambour de treuil (24) monté rotatif, sur lequel est disposé le câble porteur (20) pour l'enroulement et le déroulement,
    - un entraînement de treuil (23) pour l'entraînement en rotation du tambour de treuil (24),
    - un élément de compactage (30), qui est agencé sur le câble porteur (20) pour se déplacer verticalement, et
    - une unité de commande par laquelle le treuil à câble peut être actionné pour dérouler le câble porteur (20) du tambour de treuil, l'élément de compactage (30) étant abaissé sur le câble porteur (20) jusqu'à une surface du sol et l'élément de compactage (30) frappant la surface du sol pour compacter le sol,
    caractérisée en ce qu'
    il est prévu une unité de détection, notamment une unité de caméra (50) ou une unité de radar, qui détecte un enroulement du câble porteur (20) sur le tambour de treuil (24), et
    en ce qu'il est prévu une unité de commande qui est réalisée pour mettre en œuvre le procédé de compactage du sol selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10.
  12. Machine de construction selon la revendication 11,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le câble porteur (20) est guidé par une tête de mât (18) à l'extrémité supérieure du mât (16).
  13. Machine de construction selon la revendication 11 ou 12,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'au moins une unité de détection, notamment une unité de caméra (50) ou une unité de radar, est agencée dans la zone du tambour de treuil (24) pour détecter un enroulement incorrect du câble porteur (20) sur le tambour de treuil (24).
EP23186219.4A 2020-11-11 2020-11-11 Procédé et engin de construction pour le compactage du sol Active EP4249685B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP23186219.4A EP4249685B1 (fr) 2020-11-11 2020-11-11 Procédé et engin de construction pour le compactage du sol

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP23186219.4A EP4249685B1 (fr) 2020-11-11 2020-11-11 Procédé et engin de construction pour le compactage du sol
EP20206938.1A EP4001509B1 (fr) 2020-11-11 2020-11-11 Procédé et machine de construction destinés au compactage du sol

Related Parent Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20206938.1A Division EP4001509B1 (fr) 2020-11-11 2020-11-11 Procédé et machine de construction destinés au compactage du sol
EP20206938.1A Division-Into EP4001509B1 (fr) 2020-11-11 2020-11-11 Procédé et machine de construction destinés au compactage du sol

Publications (4)

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EP4249685A2 EP4249685A2 (fr) 2023-09-27
EP4249685A3 EP4249685A3 (fr) 2023-10-18
EP4249685B1 true EP4249685B1 (fr) 2025-07-30
EP4249685C0 EP4249685C0 (fr) 2025-07-30

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EP20206938.1A Active EP4001509B1 (fr) 2020-11-11 2020-11-11 Procédé et machine de construction destinés au compactage du sol
EP22204100.6A Active EP4144919B1 (fr) 2020-11-11 2020-11-11 Procédé et engin de construction pour le compactage du sol

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CN115821913A (zh) * 2022-11-03 2023-03-21 北京瑞力通地基基础工程有限责任公司 一种具有质量控制的孔内深层强夯法

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JPH076182B2 (ja) * 1987-04-23 1995-01-30 日立建機株式会社 動圧密工法の施工管理装置
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DE102015115146A1 (de) * 2015-09-09 2017-03-09 Bauer Maschinen Gmbh Baumaschine und Verfahren zum Auf- und Abbewegen eines Hubelementes
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EP3708528B1 (fr) * 2019-03-12 2021-10-13 BAUER Maschinen GmbH Machine de travail et procédé de fonctionnement de la machine de travail

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP4249685A2 (fr) 2023-09-27
EP4144919B1 (fr) 2024-08-07
EP4144919A2 (fr) 2023-03-08
EP4249685C0 (fr) 2025-07-30
EP4001509A1 (fr) 2022-05-25
EP4001509B1 (fr) 2023-09-06
EP4249685A3 (fr) 2023-10-18
EP4144919A3 (fr) 2023-04-26
EP4144919C0 (fr) 2024-08-07

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