EP4273407B1 - Procédé de détection d'un dommage d'un boîtier d'un ventilateur d'un appareil de chauffage, produit programme informatique, appareil de réglage et de commande, appareil de chauffage et utilisation d'une grandeur détectée - Google Patents

Procédé de détection d'un dommage d'un boîtier d'un ventilateur d'un appareil de chauffage, produit programme informatique, appareil de réglage et de commande, appareil de chauffage et utilisation d'une grandeur détectée

Info

Publication number
EP4273407B1
EP4273407B1 EP23169944.8A EP23169944A EP4273407B1 EP 4273407 B1 EP4273407 B1 EP 4273407B1 EP 23169944 A EP23169944 A EP 23169944A EP 4273407 B1 EP4273407 B1 EP 4273407B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fan
heating device
housing
heating
variable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP23169944.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP4273407A1 (fr
Inventor
Klaus Richter
Andreas Reinert
Thomas Badenhop
Matthias Hopf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vaillant GmbH
Original Assignee
Vaillant GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vaillant GmbH filed Critical Vaillant GmbH
Publication of EP4273407A1 publication Critical patent/EP4273407A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4273407B1 publication Critical patent/EP4273407B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/001—Testing thereof; Determination or simulation of flow characteristics; Stall or surge detection, e.g. condition monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/4206—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/4226—Fan casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L5/00—Blast-producing apparatus before the fire
    • F23L5/02—Arrangements of fans or blowers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/24—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for detecting damage to the housing of a blower of a heating device, a computer program product, a control and regulation device, a heating device and a use of a detected quantity.
  • Heating appliances generally employ sensors for parameters such as temperature, light or heat radiation, pressure, volume flow, and the like to control the appliances and ensure their safe operation.
  • An important function is detecting the presence of a stable flame (a so-called flame sensor), and another is adjusting the combustion air-to-fuel gas ratio (lambda value) to ensure stable and environmentally friendly combustion.
  • design and control measures are implemented to prevent, as far as possible, flame flashbacks from the combustion chamber, where combustion is intended to take place, into the supply system containing the unburned air-fuel gas mixture. Nevertheless, such events, which can have various causes and sequences, cannot be completely ruled out, especially when using hydrogen-containing fuel gas, which produces higher flame speeds and releases more energy per unit volume than conventional fuel gas mixtures.
  • a pressure surge occurs in the supply system, which can propagate to the blower that circulates the air-fuel mixture. This can deform an impeller (possibly made of plastic), particularly due to the heat generated simultaneously. The consequences can be even more serious if a flashback also ignites the mixture within the blower housing. In this case, a pressure surge can propagate deep into the housing, deforming its walls or causing leaks to the surrounding environment.
  • Typical blower housings are made of die-cast and/or sheet metal components, and joints, welds, or connections are especially vulnerable to damage from a pressure surge.
  • the JP H09 72539 A This describes a blower with a blower control device that can detect a blockage in the blower's air passage. However, this method cannot be used to determine damage resulting from a flame flashback.
  • the object of the present invention is to detect damage to the housing of the blower of a heating system, in particular caused by previous flame flashbacks (which may not be registered by conventional sensors), in order to be able to take appropriate safety measures if necessary.
  • the invention should not significantly increase the complexity of a heating device, should require only minor structural changes to the equipment, and should allow for easy integration into an existing production process.
  • a method for detecting damage, namely a leak, in the housing of a blower of a heating appliance contributes to solving the problem, wherein the blower supplies a mixture of air and fuel gas to a combustion chamber of the heating appliance, and at least one quantity dependent on the condition of the housing is recorded, and when a limit value is reached (in particular exceeded and/or fallen below), damage is inferred from the quantity.
  • the heating appliance in question is, in particular, a gas-fired boiler designed to burn a fuel gas (such as natural gas or hydrogen) with the addition of ambient air and to generate heat energy, for example, to heat a heat transfer fluid in a heating circuit or to provide hot water.
  • the heating appliance may specifically be a condensing boiler. It typically has a combustion chamber and a fan that draws a mixture of fuel gas and combustion air into the combustion chamber. The combustion products can then be discharged through an exhaust system.
  • a burner may be arranged in the combustion chamber, often comprising perforated metal sheets that can be flat, curved, or cylindrical.
  • the mixture of fuel gas and combustion air can flow through the perforated sheets and then ignited and burned. If the flame speed of the combustion is greater than the outflow velocity of the mixture, a flame flashback can occur into the ductwork of the fuel gas and combustion air mixture. Such a problem can also occur during an ignition process, or if the temperature of the perforated sheet metal on the side facing away from the combustion chamber is higher than on the side facing the combustion chamber.
  • the ductwork for the fuel gas/combustion air mixture, as well as the blower impeller and the blower itself, can be damaged.
  • the invention is particularly useful for detecting damage to the blower housing, i.e., damage that allows the ingress of outside air and/or the escape of the fuel gas/combustion air mixture—in other words, a leak in the housing.
  • a flame flashback results in damage to the blower housing on the pressure side, which can be accompanied by an escape of the fuel gas/combustion air mixture.
  • this invention specifically describes a method for detecting the ingress of outside air and/or the escape of fuel gas and/or combustion air from the blower housing and/or a leak in the blower housing.
  • the measured quantity exceeds an upper or lower limit, damage can be inferred.
  • the upper and lower limits can define or restrict a reference range for the measured quantity, within which an intact housing is assumed. This can be concluded.
  • the safety of a method proposed here can be increased by including an upper and lower limit, although this should be assessed in light of the specific quantity to be measured.
  • the size that depends on the state of the housing can in particular be at least one of the following.
  • the quantity dependent on the condition of the housing can be the flow rate (gas volume flow or gas mass flow) in the pipe leading to the burner. This can be determined, for example, by a flow sensor (air mass flow sensor). If the blower housing is defective (leaky), the pressure drop that the blower must overcome decreases, and thus a higher flow rate can be delivered at the same housing speed. Therefore, if a limit value is exceeded, a damaged housing can be inferred.
  • a damaged housing can also be inferred if a lower limit value for the flow rate is not reached.
  • the condition of the housing can affect the electrical power consumption of the blower. This can be determined, for example, by detecting a control signal, particularly a PWM signal (pulse-width modulated signal).
  • a PWM signal can be expressed, for instance, as a percentage of the blower's rated power.
  • a defective housing and the associated decrease in power consumption can be detected.
  • the resulting pressure loss leads to a lower power consumption of the blower and thus to falling below a lower limit value.
  • the thermal output of the heater determined in this way can be compared with the thermal output expected based on the fan speed, and in the case of a A deviation (outside a tolerance range), in particular a failure to meet the expected thermal performance, may indicate a damaged blower housing.
  • the parameter dependent on the condition of the casing can (preferably) be the heating time of a heating water circuit.
  • This heating water circuit can be a heating circuit connected to the heating appliance, in which a heat transfer fluid can circulate.
  • the heating water circuit can be closed, in particular, via a heat exchanger located within the heating appliance for domestic hot water supply, since with such an internal heating circuit, a good comparability of the determined heating time is ensured due to the absence or only minor external influences.
  • the heating time of the heating water circuit (for a defined temperature difference) can increase, thus exceeding the expected heating time as a limit value.
  • variable dependent on the condition of the housing can (preferably) be a differential pressure measured at two points along the fuel gas or combustion air lines, upstream and downstream of the blower. Pressure sensors can be positioned at these two points for this purpose.
  • the aforementioned parameters are often already recorded in heating devices as part of the regulation and control system, thus enabling the invention to be implemented purely as a software-based implementation.
  • the rotational speed of the blower in addition to the quantity dependent on the state of the housing, can be detected and at least one limit value can be given as a function of the rotational speed of the blower.
  • continued operation and/or ignition of the heating system can be (automatically) prevented if the detected parameter exceeds or falls below a certain limit value.
  • the operation of the heating appliance can be stopped and restarting it prevented, so that restarting can only be carried out by a person familiar with the system.
  • information about a detected damaged housing can be displayed via a display device and/or made available for retrieval via a network and/or sent as a message.
  • the display device can be a display device of the heating appliance or that of a (wirelessly) connected device, such as a mobile phone.
  • the network can be, in particular, the internet.
  • a message via the network or the provision of the information can inform an operator or servicing company, enabling them to independently schedule and carry out a service appointment.
  • Another aspect is the proposal for a computer program designed to (at least partially) execute one of the procedures presented here.
  • This machine-readable storage medium is typically a computer-readable data carrier.
  • control unit for a heating appliance (particularly as disclosed herein) is proposed, configured to carry out a method proposed herein.
  • the control unit may, for example, include and/or have a processor.
  • the processor may, for example, execute the method stored in a memory (of the control unit).
  • operating data for example, upper and/or lower limit values of the detected quantity(ies)
  • control unit may be configured to detect the quantity dependent on the state of the housing of the heating appliance's blower.
  • a heating device (especially as revealed here) is also proposed, comprising a control and regulating device as proposed here.
  • This document describes a method for detecting damage to the housing of a heater's blower, a computer program (product), a control and monitoring device, a heater, and the use of a measured parameter, all of which at least partially solve the problems described with reference to the prior art.
  • the method for detecting damage to the housing of a heater's blower, the computer program product, the control and monitoring device, the heater, and the use of a measured parameter contribute, at least in part, to providing a simple and reliable way to detect damage to the housing of a heater's blower and thus to making the operation of a heater safer.
  • the invention can be implemented particularly easily and cost-effectively, as usually only an adjustment of computer software is necessary. Therefore, the invention is also suitable for retrofitting existing heating appliances.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exemplary and schematic representation of a proposed heating device 1.
  • This device can have an air supply 4 for combustion air, in which a mass flow sensor 16 can be arranged for measuring the intake mass flow of combustion air.
  • a Venturi device 15 can be arranged in the air supply 4, which adds a quantity of gas corresponding to a control pressure generated by the combustion air mass flow.
  • a fuel gas valve 5 can also be arranged in the fuel gas supply.
  • a blower 2 can be arranged with a housing 8 that contains the mixture
  • the mixture of fuel gas and combustion air can be supplied to a burner 3 via a mixture channel 12.
  • the blower 2 can be connected to a speed control 19.
  • a heat exchanger 13 can be arranged on the burner 3, which can transfer the heat generated during combustion to a heating water circuit 14.
  • the heating water circuit 14 can include a flow 26 with a temperature sensor 6 and a return 27 with a temperature sensor 11, to which consumers such as radiators or underfloor heating systems can be connected.
  • the heating circuit 14 can be closed for domestic hot water supply by means of a three-way valve 24 via a heat exchanger 25 arranged between the flow 26 and return 27, whereby the heating time of the heating circuit 14 closed via the heat exchanger 25 is very comparable, since there are no or only minor external influences.
  • a mass flow sensor 9 can be arranged in the heating water circuit 14, which can detect the mass flow of heat transfer medium (usually heating water).
  • an exhaust pipe 10 can convey combustion products to an exhaust system.
  • a control and regulating unit 7 of the heating appliance 1 can be electrically connected to the speed control 19 of the fan 2, the fuel gas valve 5, the mass flow sensor 16 in the air supply 4, the mass flow sensor 9, the temperature sensor 6 in the flow line, the temperature sensor 11 in the return line of the heating water circuit 14, the three-way valve 24, and a network 17 (in particular the Internet).
  • FIG. 2 Figure 1 shows, by way of example and schematic, parameter curves of a mass flow rate ⁇ of combustion air as a function of time t, determined by the mass flow sensor 16 in the air supply 4 of the heater 1 during a start-up process of the heater 1.
  • a measured value 20 lies between a lower limit 21 and an upper limit 22, which indicates an intact housing 8 of the blower 2.
  • FIG. 3 The figure shows, by way of example and schematically, parameter curves of an electrical power consumption P el as a function of time t at a constant speed of the blower 2.
  • the measured quantity 20 lies between a lower limit 21 and an upper limit 22, which indicates an intact housing 8 of the blower 2.
  • FIG. 4 Figure 2 shows, by way of example and schematically, parameter curves of a thermal power P ⁇ sub>th ⁇ /sub> as a function of time t at a constant rotational speed n of the blower 2.
  • the measured quantity 20 (or determined thermal power) lies above a lower limit 21, which also confirms that the housing 8 of the blower 2 is intact.
  • Fig. 5 The figure shows, by way of example and schematically, parameter curves of a heating time t until a target temperature 23 of the heating water circuit 14 is reached.
  • a recorded quantity 20 (recorded heating time) lies below an upper limit value 22, which also indicates that the housing 8 of the blower 2 is intact.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Procédé pour reconnaître un endommagement d'un boîtier (8) d'un ventilateur (2) d'un appareil de chauffage (1), à savoir un défaut d'étanchéité ou une fuite du boîtier (2), dans lequel le ventilateur (2) alimente un brûleur (3) de l'appareil de chauffage (1) en un mélange d'air et de gaz combustible, et au moins une grandeur (20) dépendant de l'état du boîtier (8) est détectée et, lorsqu'une valeur limite (21, 22) est atteinte par la grandeur (20), un endommagement du boîtier (8) est déduit.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel, lorsqu'une valeur limite supérieure (22) ou une valeur limite inférieure (21) est atteinte par la grandeur détectée (20), un endommagement du boîtier (8) du ventilateur (2) est déduit.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, dans lequel, en plus de la grandeur (20) dépendant de l'état du boîtier (8), une vitesse de rotation du ventilateur (2) est détectée et une valeur limite supérieure (22) et/ou une valeur limite inférieure (21) est donnée en fonction de la vitesse de rotation.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la grandeur détectée (20) est au moins une des grandeurs (20) suivantes, dépendant de la vitesse de rotation du ventilateur (2) :
    - un débit massique ou débit volumétrique déterminé du ventilateur (2),
    - une puissance absorbée du ventilateur (2).
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la grandeur détectée (20) est une puissance thermique de l'appareil de chauffage (1).
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la grandeur détectée (20) est un temps de chauffage d'un circuit d'eau de chauffage (14) connecté à l'appareil de chauffage (1).
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la grandeur détectée (20) est une pression différentielle entre deux points en amont et en aval du ventilateur (2).
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel une poursuite du fonctionnement et/ou un allumage de l'appareil de chauffage (1) sont empêchés lorsque la grandeur détectée (20) a atteint une valeur limite (21, 22).
  9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel une information concernant un boîtier (8) endommagé reconnu est affichée sur un appareil d'affichage et/ou mise à disposition pour consultation par l'intermédiaire d'un réseau (17) et/ou envoyée en tant que message.
  10. Appareil de régulation et de commande (7) d'un appareil de chauffage (1), dans lequel un ventilateur (2) alimente un brûleur (3) de l'appareil de chauffage (1) en un mélange d'air et de gaz combustible, configuré pour mettre en œuvre un procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9.
  11. Appareil de chauffage (1) présentant un ventilateur (2), lequel peut alimenter un brûleur (3) de l'appareil de chauffage (1) en un mélange d'air et de gaz combustible, avec un appareil de régulation et de commande (7) selon la revendication 10 et des moyens pour mettre en œuvre un procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9.
  12. Produit de programme informatique comprenant des instructions qui font qu'un appareil de chauffage (1) selon la revendication 11 met en œuvre un procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9.
  13. Utilisation d'au moins une grandeur détectée (20) sélectionnée parmi :
    - un débit volumétrique ou débit massique déterminé en aval du ventilateur (2),
    - une puissance absorbée du ventilateur (2).
    - une puissance thermique de l'appareil de chauffage (1),
    - un temps de chauffage d'un circuit d'eau de chauffage (14) connecté à l'appareil de chauffage (1), et/ou
    - une pression différentielle entre deux points en amont et en aval du ventilateur (2)
    pour reconnaître un endommagement, à savoir une fuite ou un défaut d'étanchéité, d'un boîtier (8) d'un ventilateur (2) d'un appareil de chauffage (1).
EP23169944.8A 2022-05-02 2023-04-26 Procédé de détection d'un dommage d'un boîtier d'un ventilateur d'un appareil de chauffage, produit programme informatique, appareil de réglage et de commande, appareil de chauffage et utilisation d'une grandeur détectée Active EP4273407B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102022110619.5A DE102022110619A1 (de) 2022-05-02 2022-05-02 Verfahren zum Erkennen einer Beschädigung eines Gehäuses eines Gebläses eines Heizgerätes, Computerprogrammprodukt, Regel- und Steuergerät, Heizgerät und Verwendung einer erfassten Größe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4273407A1 EP4273407A1 (fr) 2023-11-08
EP4273407B1 true EP4273407B1 (fr) 2026-02-18

Family

ID=86226721

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP23169944.8A Active EP4273407B1 (fr) 2022-05-02 2023-04-26 Procédé de détection d'un dommage d'un boîtier d'un ventilateur d'un appareil de chauffage, produit programme informatique, appareil de réglage et de commande, appareil de chauffage et utilisation d'une grandeur détectée

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4273407B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102022110619A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3474977B2 (ja) * 1995-09-08 2003-12-08 リンナイ株式会社 送風装置
AT500890B8 (de) * 2004-05-17 2007-02-15 Vaillant Gmbh Verfahren zum überwachen eines gebläses mit drehzahlerfassung
DE102010056275A1 (de) 2010-12-24 2012-06-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Gasbrenners für ein Heizgerät
EP3988842A1 (fr) * 2019-06-21 2022-04-27 OnPoint Technologies, LLC Systèmes et procédés de détection d'anomalie dans un système de combustion

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Publication number Publication date
DE102022110619A1 (de) 2023-11-02
EP4273407A1 (fr) 2023-11-08

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