EP4345314A2 - System und verfahren zur erkennung von verdichterpumpen - Google Patents

System und verfahren zur erkennung von verdichterpumpen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4345314A2
EP4345314A2 EP24158065.3A EP24158065A EP4345314A2 EP 4345314 A2 EP4345314 A2 EP 4345314A2 EP 24158065 A EP24158065 A EP 24158065A EP 4345314 A2 EP4345314 A2 EP 4345314A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
value
parameter
compressor
monitoring parameter
amplitude
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP24158065.3A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP4345314A3 (de
Inventor
Marco BATTISTI
Marco LO PRESTI
Alessio BURONI
Massimiliano AMADEI
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Daikin Applied Europa SpA
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Daikin Applied Europa SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daikin Applied Europa SpA filed Critical Daikin Applied Europa SpA
Publication of EP4345314A2 publication Critical patent/EP4345314A2/de
Publication of EP4345314A3 publication Critical patent/EP4345314A3/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F25B1/04—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with compressor of rotary type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/001—Testing thereof; Determination or simulation of flow characteristics; Stall or surge detection, e.g. condition monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F25B49/022—Compressor control arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2270/00—Control
    • F05D2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05D2270/303—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2270/00—Control
    • F05D2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05D2270/309—Rate of change of parameters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2270/00—Control
    • F05D2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05D2270/335—Output power or torque
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/15—Power, e.g. by voltage or current
    • F25B2700/151—Power, e.g. by voltage or current of the compressor motor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator
    • F25B2700/21175—Temperatures of an evaporator of the refrigerant at the outlet of the evaporator

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a compressor surge detection system and method.
  • Compressors are widely used in heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems (HVAC) for increasing the pressure of a gas by reducing its volume.
  • HVAC heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems
  • Axial and centrifugal compressors are among the most common types of compressors used in industrial facilities.
  • the compressor is generally part of a system that delivers compressed gas for a variety of applications.
  • the proper operation of a compressor depends on instrumentation and control devices which provide information about the compressor operating conditions and allow the compressor to be started or stopped. These devices maintain the values of process variables such as compressor discharge pressure in order to keep the compressor operation stable.
  • process variables such as compressor discharge pressure in order to keep the compressor operation stable.
  • a compressor has a certain minimum flowrate, below which the compressor becomes unstable. A decrease in flowrate below the minimum value can cause a series of momentary reversals of flow through the compressor from the outlet to the inlet.
  • surge happens when, under certain operating conditions, the pressure of the gas exiting the discharge line of the compressor is unable to overcome that of the downstream unit, causing a drop in the mass flow rate and, consequently, a return of gas to the suction part of the compressor.
  • Surge is an undesirable phenomenon that can occur in axial and centrifugal compressors and usually results in violent fluctuations in discharge pressure and extreme variations in electrical current of an electric motor which is used as a driver.
  • Surging can cause the compressor to overheat to the point at which the maximum allowable temperature is exceeded. Also, the occurrence of gas backflow in the compressor due to the surge can destroy the compressor's seals, bearings, and other rotating elements. Therefore, detecting the onset of the surge and preventing it, is of high importance. Moreover, in case the onset of surge is detected, it is essential to implement countermeasures in order to protect the compressor.
  • patent documents CN107829969A , CN112492884A , US4562531A and US10436208B2 describe known systems and methods for compressor surge detection and surge protection.
  • patent document US4399548A describes a compressor surge counter having an accelerometer to monitor the vibrations of the compressor in a pre-selected time frame. Said vibration output signal has an amplitude and frequency corresponding to the compressor vibration magnitude and frequency. This signal is then applied to a comparator which has a preselected amplitude threshold setting corresponding to a preselected change in amplitude within the pre-selected time frame to indicate the surge in the compressor.
  • patent document US4686834A describes a compressor controller, aimed at avoiding surge.
  • Scope of the present invention is to overcome at least one of the aforementioned drawbacks.
  • the present invention provides a compressor surge detection system for a refrigerating apparatus.
  • the refrigerating apparatus comprises a compressor.
  • the compressor is configured for increasing the pressure of a refrigerating fluid.
  • the compressor has an inlet and an outlet.
  • the compressor has also an electrical motor driven by an inverter.
  • the refrigerating apparatus comprises an evaporator.
  • the refrigerating apparatus comprises also a condenser.
  • the detection system comprises a sensing system.
  • the sensing system is configured for detecting a monitoring parameter.
  • the monitoring parameter is representative of either an electrical current absorbed by the electrical motor of the compressor or a saturating evaporating temperature of the refrigerating fluid at the inlet of the compressor.
  • the monitoring parameter may be representative of both the electrical current absorbed by the electrical motor of the compressor and the saturating evaporating temperature of the refrigerating fluid at the inlet of the compressor.
  • the detection system comprises a processing unit.
  • the processing unit is connected to the sensing system.
  • the processing unit is programmed to process the monitoring parameter for deriving a diagnostic parameter.
  • the diagnostic parameter is representative of an oscillatory behavior for the monitoring parameter with a periodicity shorter than 20 seconds.
  • the processing unit may be programmed for deriving an alert signal responsive to the diagnostic parameter.
  • This solution allows to detect an onset of the surge phenomenon in the compressor based on the oscillations of the monitoring parameter.
  • the processing unit is programmed for increasing the value of the diagnostic parameter responsive to increments of amplitude and frequency of the oscillations of the monitoring parameter.
  • the diagnostic parameter increases as the oscillations of the monitoring parameter increase. This solution allows to measure in a very empirical way the magnitude of the surge, by correlating the amplitude and frequency of the oscillations of the monitoring parameter to the diagnostic parameter. Therefore, it would be possible to detect the dynamics of surge onset by frequency estimation.
  • the diagnostic parameter is a dimensionless parameter.
  • the processing unit is programmed for deriving a mean value for the monitoring parameter over a pre-established period of time.
  • the processing unit may be programmed for setting the value of the monitoring parameter based on a difference between an actual detected value for the monitoring parameter and the mean value.
  • processing unit is programmed for deriving the value of the diagnostic parameter in dependence of the number of zero-crossings of the monitoring parameter over a predetermined time window.
  • the pre-established period of time is shorter than 50 seconds.
  • the processing unit is programmed for refreshing the mean value with periodicity set to the pre-established period of time.
  • processing unit is programmed to increase the value of the diagnostic parameter responsive to the following conditions being both verified:
  • the tolerance value represents the amplitude of the oscillations of the monitoring parameter which normally affect the measurement, and which are to be attributed to the noise.
  • the processing unit is programmed to reset the diagnostic parameter to zero in case the amplitude of the monitoring parameter is detected to be lower than or equal to the tolerance value continually in the predetermined time window.
  • the processing unit is programmed to increase the value of the diagnostic parameter by an increment based on a comparison between the amplitude of the monitoring parameter in the predetermined time window and the tolerance value.
  • the predetermined time window is lower than 5 seconds.
  • the compressor may include an impeller.
  • the processing unit of the detection system is configured to generate a command signal to increase the speed of the impeller, in case the diagnostic parameter exceeds a first threshold value.
  • the processing unit is configured to generate a command signal to shut the compressor down in case the diagnostic parameter exceeds a second threshold value.
  • the second threshold is greater than the first threshold value.
  • the present invention provides a refrigerating apparatus.
  • the refrigerating apparatus comprises a compressor for increasing the pressure of a refrigerating fluid.
  • the compressor has an inlet and an outlet. Moreover, the compressor has an electrical motor driven by an inverter.
  • the refrigerating apparatus has an evaporator.
  • the refrigerating apparatus has also a condenser.
  • the refrigerating apparatus has a compressor surge detection system to detect surge phenomena in the compressor wherein the compressor surge detection system is according to the present description.
  • the present invention provides a method for detection of compressor surge for a refrigerating apparatus.
  • the method comprises a step of detecting a monitoring value (or monitoring parameter) by a sensing system.
  • the monitoring value is representative of either an electrical current absorbed by an electrical motor of a compressor of the refrigerating apparatus or a saturating evaporating temperature of a refrigerating fluid at an inlet of the compressor.
  • the monitoring value is representative of both the electrical current absorbed by the electrical motor of the compressor and the saturating evaporating temperature of the refrigerating fluid at the inlet of the compressor of the refrigerating apparatus.
  • the method comprises a step of sending the monitoring parameter from the sensing system to a processing unit.
  • the method comprises a step of processing the monitoring parameter for deriving a diagnostic parameter.
  • the diagnostic parameter may be representative of an oscillatory behavior for the monitoring parameter with a periodicity shorter than 20 seconds.
  • the method may comprise a step of generating an alert signal responsive to the diagnostic parameter. This solution allows to detect an onset of the surge phenomenon in the compressor based on the oscillations of the monitoring parameter.
  • the method comprises a step of increasing the value of the diagnostic parameter responsive to increments of amplitude and frequency of the oscillations of the monitoring parameter.
  • the diagnostic parameter increases as the oscillations of the monitoring parameter increase. This solution allows to measure in a very empirical way the magnitude of the surge, by correlating the amplitude and frequency of the oscillations of the monitoring parameter to the diagnostic parameter. Therefore, it would be possible to detect the dynamics of surge onset by frequency estimation.
  • the diagnostic parameter is a dimensionless parameter.
  • the method comprises a step of deriving a mean value for the monitoring parameter over a pre-established period of time. Moreover, the method may comprise a step of setting the value of the monitoring parameter based on a difference between an actual detected value for the monitoring parameter and the mean value.
  • the method comprises a step of deriving the value of the diagnostic parameter in dependence of the number of zero-crossings of the monitoring parameter over a predetermined time window.
  • the method comprises also a step of refreshing the mean value with periodicity set to the pre-established period of time.
  • the method comprises a step of increasing the value of the diagnostic parameter responsive to the following conditions being both verified:
  • the tolerance value represents the amplitude of the oscillations of the monitoring parameter which normally affect the measurement, and which are to be attributed to the noise.
  • the diagnostic parameter is reset to zero in case the amplitude of the monitoring parameter is detected to be lower than or equal to the tolerance value continually in the predetermined time window.
  • the method comprises a step of increasing the value of the diagnostic parameter by an increment based on a comparison between the amplitude of the monitoring parameter in the predetermined time window and the tolerance value.
  • the method comprises a step of generating a command signal to increase the speed of an impeller of the compressor, in case the diagnostic parameter exceeds a first threshold value. Moreover, in an example the method comprises a step of generating a command signal to shut the compressor down in case the diagnostic parameter exceeds a second threshold value.
  • the second threshold is greater than the first threshold value.
  • the present invention provides a computer program wherein the computer program includes instructions to perform the steps of the method according to the present description when it is run on a processor.
  • the refrigerating apparatus 100 comprises a compressor 102 for increasing the pressure of a refrigerating fluid.
  • the compressor 102 may be of axial or centrifugal type.
  • the compressor has an inlet I and an outlet O.
  • the compressor 102 has also an electrical motor driven by an inverter (not shown).
  • the refrigerating apparatus 100 comprises an evaporator 103.
  • the evaporator 103 may provide the gas which is compressed by the compressor 102.
  • the refrigerating apparatus comprises also a condenser 104.
  • the refrigerating apparatus may comprise also an expansion valve 105.
  • the compressor surge detection system for a refrigerating apparatus (or detection system) 1 comprises a sensing system.
  • the sensing system is configured for detecting a monitoring parameter.
  • the monitoring parameter is representative of either an electrical current absorbed by the electrical motor of the compressor or a saturating evaporating temperature of the refrigerating fluid at the inlet of the compressor.
  • the monitoring parameter is representative of both the electrical current absorbed by the electrical motor of the compressor 102 and the saturating evaporating temperature of the refrigerating fluid at the inlet I of the compressor 102.
  • the sensing system may comprise a plurality of sensors.
  • the sensing system may comprise temperature sensors and/or current measuring sensors.
  • the detection system comprises a processing unit.
  • the processing unit is connected to the sensing system.
  • the processing unit is programmed to process the monitoring parameter for deriving a diagnostic parameter.
  • the diagnostic parameter may be representative of an oscillatory behavior for the monitoring parameter with a periodicity shorter than 20 seconds. Preferably the periodicity is shorter than 10 seconds.
  • the expression "oscillatory behavior” refers to a behavior in which a value has a repeated back and forth movement around an equilibrium or mean value in a short interval of time.
  • the processing unit is programmed for deriving a mean value X m for the monitoring parameter over a pre-established period of time.
  • Figure 3 shows an example of the oscillatory behavior of the monitoring parameter. As it can be observed the oscillations take place in a short time (roughly 10 seconds in the example of figure 3 ). It can be observed from figure 3 that, before the beginning of the oscillatory behavior (corresponding to point 21 :25:30 on the X axis) the value of the monitoring parameter does not deviate significantly from the mean value and an almost flat line is observed; however, after this point the graph shows oscillations where the value of the monitoring parameter deviates noticeably from the mean value with a high frequency. The oscillatory behavior is prior to a sharp increase in the value of the monitoring parameter.
  • the graph of the monitoring value over time is a signal having a plurality of peaks with respect to the mean value, wherein the mean value corresponds to the almost flat line before the beginning of the oscillatory behavior.
  • the peaks above and below the mean value may have different distances with respect to the mean value.
  • the pre-established period of time is shorter than 50 seconds.
  • the processing unit is programmed for refreshing the mean value with periodicity set to the pre-established period of time.
  • the processing unit is configured for setting the value of the monitoring parameter based on a difference between an actual detected X d value for the monitoring parameter and the mean value X m -X d .
  • FIG 2 oscillations of the monitoring parameter around the mean value (Xm) are illustrated.
  • the processing unit is configured for receiving the detected value of the monitoring parameter from the sensing unit and to obtain the difference between the actual detected value and the mean value of the monitoring parameter. Therefore, the points of the signal of figure 2 are the difference between the detected value and the mean value of the monitoring parameter over the pre-established period of time.
  • the signal of the difference between the detected value and the mean value of the monitoring parameter is a function of time.
  • the processing unit is programmed for detecting zero-crossings of the monitoring parameter.
  • zero-crossing refers to a point where the signal related to the difference between the detected value and the mean value of the monitoring parameter Xd-Xm, crosses the mean value Xm.
  • the processing unit is programmed for deriving the value of the diagnostic parameter in dependence of the number of zero-crossings of the monitoring parameter over a pre-determined time window.
  • the pre-determined time window is shorter than 5 seconds.
  • the pre-determined time window is 3 seconds.
  • the processing unit is programmed to increase the value of the diagnostic parameter when the zero crossing is detected over said predetermined time window and when an amplitude A of the monitoring parameter exceeds a predetermined tolerance value tol in the pre-determined time window. It is to be mentioned that the processing unit is configured to increase the value of the diagnostic parameter only when both the above-mentioned conditions are verified.
  • the expression "amplitude" refers to the distance between the peaks of the signal of the monitoring parameter Xd-Xm from the mean value Xm.
  • the tolerance value tol is an amplitude threshold below which the value of the diagnostic parameter is equal to zero.
  • the processing unit is programmed for increasing the value of the diagnostic parameter responsive to increments of amplitude A and frequency of the oscillations of the monitoring parameter.
  • the processing unit is programmed for increasing the value of the diagnostic parameter.
  • the processing unit is programmed to reset the diagnostic parameter to zero in case the amplitude A of the monitoring parameter is detected to be lower than or equal to the tolerance tol value continually in the predetermined time window.
  • the processing unit is programmed to increase the value of the diagnostic parameter by an increment based on a comparison between the amplitude A of the monitoring parameter in the predetermined time window and the tolerance value tol.
  • the processing unit is programmed for determining the amount of the diagnostic value over the predetermined time window and for resetting the diagnostic parameter to zero in case the amplitude A of the monitoring parameter is detected to be lower than or equal to the tolerance tol value continually in the predetermined time window.
  • the processing unit is programmed for increasing the value of the diagnostic parameter by adding a fixed amount thereto every time a zero-crossing is detected, and the amplitude A is greater than the tolerance tol. The fixed amount which is added to the diagnostic parameter is determined based on the amplitude A of the signal and how much the amplitude is greater with respect to the mean value Xm.
  • a plurality of intervals is defined for the amplitude of the monitoring parameter A.
  • a fixed amount is associated to each interval of the amplitude of the monitoring parameter.
  • the intervals with higher amplitude have a greater fixed amount.
  • a first interval of the plurality of intervals of amplitude of the monitoring parameter is defined between the mean value of the monitoring parameter plus the value of the tolerance Xm+tol and the mean value plus twice the value of the tolerance Xm+2tol.
  • a second interval of the plurality of intervals of the amplitude of the monitoring parameter is defined between the mean value plus twice the value of the tolerance Xm+2tol and the mean value plus triple the value of the tolerance Xm+3tol.
  • a third interval of the plurality of intervals of the amplitude of the monitoring parameter is defined between the mean value plus triple the value of the tolerance Xm+3tol and the mean value plus quadruple the value of the tolerance and so on.
  • the fixed amount is equal to 0 when the amplitude A is equal or less than the tolerance or the mean value of the monitoring parameter plus the value of the tolerance Xm+tol.
  • the fixed amount is equal to 1 in the first interval (when the amplitude is greater than the mean value of the monitoring parameter plus the value of the tolerance Xm+tol but does not exceed the mean value plus twice the value of the tolerance Xm+2tol.
  • the fixed amount is equal to 2 in the second interval (when the amplitude is greater than the mean value plus twice the value of the tolerance Xm+2tol but does not exceed the mean value plus triple the value of the tolerance Xm+3tol.
  • the fixed amount is equal to 3 when the amplitude exceeds the mean value plus triple the value of the tolerance Xm+3tol.
  • the number of zero-crossings of the monitoring parameter is detected and each time a zero-crossing is detected, and the amplitude A is greater than the tolerance tol the fixed amount, depending on the interval the amplitude of the monitoring parameter falls within, is added to the diagnostic parameter.
  • the diagnostic parameter is reset to zero in case the amplitude of the monitoring parameter is detected to be lower than or equal to the tolerance value continually in the predetermined time window.
  • the diagnostic parameter is cumulative; therefore, the diagnostic parameter in each moment, along the preestablished period of time, is the sum of all previous fixed amounts, relative to altitudes of all previous zero-crossings of the monitoring parameter.
  • the fixed amount equals to 1 if the amplitude A is greater than the value of the tolerance tol and less than the amount of the mean value plus the value of the tolerance Xm+tol. Moreover, the fixed amount equals to 2 if the amplitude A is greater than the amount of the mean value plus the value of the tolerance Xm+tol and less than the amount of the mean value plus twice the value of the tolerance Xm+2tol and so on.
  • the processing unit is programmed for deriving an alert signal responsive to the diagnostic parameter.
  • the compressor 102 may include an impeller.
  • the impeller contains a rotating set of vanes that forces the refrigerating fluid to reach higher velocity, raises the energy of the refrigerating fluid and therefore, a pressure rise is obtained.
  • the processing unit of the detection system 1 is configured to generate a command signal to increase the speed of the impeller in case the diagnostic parameter exceeds a first threshold value.
  • the processing unit is configured to generate a command signal to shut the compressor 102 down in case the diagnostic parameter exceeds a second threshold value.
  • the second threshold is greater than the first threshold value.
  • the processing unit is configured to generate the command signal to increase the speed of the impeller when the first threshold calculated for the electrical current absorbed by the electrical motor of the compressor and the first threshold calculated for the saturating evaporating temperature of the refrigerating fluid at the inlet is greater than 18.
  • the processing unit is configured to generate the command signal to shut the compressor 102 down when the second threshold calculated for the electrical current absorbed by the electrical motor of the compressor and the second threshold calculated for the saturating evaporating temperature of the refrigerating fluid at the inlet is greater than 23.
  • the present invention provides a refrigerating apparatus 100.
  • the refrigerating apparatus comprises a compressor 102 for increasing the pressure of a refrigerating fluid.
  • the compressor has an inlet I and an outlet O.
  • the compressor 102 has also an electrical motor driven by an inverter.
  • the refrigerating apparatus comprises an evaporator 103.
  • the evaporator is configured to provide the compressor 102 with low pressure vapor.
  • the refrigerating apparatus comprises also a condenser 104.
  • the condenser 104 is downstream the compressor 102 and is configured to receive high pressure vapor and to provide high pressure liquid at its outlet.
  • the refrigerating unit 100 comprises also an expansion valve 105.
  • the expansion valve is configured to provide low pressure vapor and liquid.
  • the refrigerating apparatus 100 comprises a compressor surge detection system 1 configured to detect surge phenomena in the compressor 102.
  • the compressor surge detection system 1 is according to the present description.
  • the present invention provides a method for detection of compressor surge for a refrigerating apparatus 100.
  • the method comprises a step of detecting a monitoring value by a sensing system.
  • the monitoring value (or monitoring parameter) is representative of either an electrical current absorbed by an electrical motor of a compressor 102 of the refrigerating apparatus 100 or a saturating evaporating temperature of a refrigerating fluid at an inlet I of the compressor.
  • the monitoring value is representative of both the electrical current absorbed by the electrical motor of the compressor 102 of the refrigerating apparatus 100 and the saturating evaporating temperature of the refrigerating fluid at the inlet I of the compressor
  • the method comprises a step of sending the monitoring parameter from the sensing system to a processing unit.
  • the method comprises also a step of processing the monitoring parameter for deriving a diagnostic parameter.
  • the diagnostic parameter may be representative of an oscillatory behavior for the monitoring parameter with a periodicity shorter than 20 seconds.
  • the method comprises a step of deriving a mean value Xm for the monitoring parameter over a pre-established period of time.
  • the pre-established period of time is shorter than 50 seconds.
  • the method comprises a step of refreshing the mean value with periodicity set to the pre-established period of time.
  • the method comprises a step of setting the value of the monitoring parameter based on a difference between an actual detected value for the monitoring parameter Xd and the mean value Xm.
  • the method comprises a step of deriving the value of the diagnostic parameter in dependence of the number of zero-crossings of the monitoring parameter over a predetermined time window.
  • the pre-determined time window is shorter than 5 seconds.
  • the pre-determined time window is 3 seconds.
  • the method comprises a step of increasing the value of the diagnostic parameter responsive to the following conditions being both verified:
  • the diagnostic parameter is reset to zero in case the amplitude A of the monitoring parameter is detected to be lower than or equal to the tolerance value continually in the predetermined time window.
  • the method comprises a step of increasing the value of the diagnostic parameter responsive to increments of the amplitude A and frequency of the oscillations of the monitoring parameter.
  • the method comprises a step of increasing the value of the diagnostic parameter by an increment based on a comparison between the amplitude A of the monitoring parameter in the predetermined time window and the tolerance tol value.
  • a signal of the monitoring value is obtained by subtracting the actual detected value Xd from the mean value Xm in order to obtain a signal for the monitoring value as a function of time.
  • the number of zero-crossings of the monitoring parameter are detected in the pre-determined time window. In case there are no zero-crossings in the pre-determined time window, the value of the diagnostic parameter is equal to zero. In case zero-crossings are detected and the amplitude A of the signal is continually lower than the tolerance value over the pre-determined time window, the value of the diagnostic parameter is reset to zero.
  • the diagnostic parameter is increased.
  • the value of the diagnostic parameter is increased by adding a fixed amount thereto.
  • the fixed value is equal to 1.
  • the amplitude A is greater than the amount of the mean value plus the value of the tolerance Xm+tol and less than the amount of the mean value plus twice the value of the tolerance Xm+2tol
  • the fixed value is equal to 2 and so on.
  • the method comprises a step of generating an alert signal responsive to the diagnostic parameter.
  • the method comprises a step of generating a command signal to increase the speed of an impeller of the compressor 102, in case the diagnostic parameter exceeds a first threshold value. Moreover, in an example the method comprises a step of generating a command signal to shut the compressor down in case the diagnostic parameter exceeds a second threshold value.
  • the second threshold is greater than the first threshold value.
  • the present invention provides a computer program.
  • the computer program includes instructions to perform the steps of the method according to the present description when it is run on a processor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Air Blowers (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
EP24158065.3A 2022-02-08 2023-02-08 System und verfahren zur erkennung von verdichterpumpen Pending EP4345314A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102022000002273A IT202200002273A1 (it) 2022-02-08 2022-02-08 Sistema e metodo per la rilevazione di sovratensione in un compressore
EP23155510.3A EP4224090B1 (de) 2022-02-08 2023-02-08 System und verfahren zur erkennung von verdichterpumpen

Related Parent Applications (2)

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US4581900A (en) * 1984-12-24 1986-04-15 Borg-Warner Corporation Method and apparatus for detecting surge in centrifugal compressors driven by electric motors
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EP3101278B1 (de) * 2015-06-03 2021-04-28 ABB Schweiz AG Aktive dämpfung von oszillationen in einem steuerungsprozess
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US4399548A (en) 1981-04-13 1983-08-16 Castleberry Kimberly N Compressor surge counter
US4562531A (en) 1983-10-07 1985-12-31 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Integrated control of output and surge for a dynamic compressor control system
US4581900A (en) * 1984-12-24 1986-04-15 Borg-Warner Corporation Method and apparatus for detecting surge in centrifugal compressors driven by electric motors
US4686834A (en) 1986-06-09 1987-08-18 American Standard Inc. Centrifugal compressor controller for minimizing power consumption while avoiding surge
US10436208B2 (en) 2011-06-27 2019-10-08 Energy Control Technologies, Inc. Surge estimator
CN107829969A (zh) 2017-07-31 2018-03-23 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 一种磁悬浮离心式空调机组防喘振控制方法及系统
CN112492884A (zh) 2019-07-01 2021-03-12 开利公司 多级压缩机的浪涌保护

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EP4224090B1 (de) 2026-04-08
EP4345314A3 (de) 2024-05-29

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