EP4453393A1 - Mélangeur de chambre pour un système de post-traitement des gaz d'échappement d'un véhicule automobile - Google Patents

Mélangeur de chambre pour un système de post-traitement des gaz d'échappement d'un véhicule automobile

Info

Publication number
EP4453393A1
EP4453393A1 EP22843233.2A EP22843233A EP4453393A1 EP 4453393 A1 EP4453393 A1 EP 4453393A1 EP 22843233 A EP22843233 A EP 22843233A EP 4453393 A1 EP4453393 A1 EP 4453393A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
fluid
wall
flow
mixer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP22843233.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP4453393B1 (fr
Inventor
Jens Kienzle
Christoph Sitter
Sinisa KONTIN
Moritz Wied
Thomas Boldt
Ralf Wandel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daimler Truck Holding AG
Original Assignee
Daimler Truck AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daimler Truck AG filed Critical Daimler Truck AG
Publication of EP4453393A1 publication Critical patent/EP4453393A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4453393B1 publication Critical patent/EP4453393B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2892—Exhaust flow directors or the like, e.g. upstream of catalytic device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/21—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media
    • B01F23/213—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media by spraying or atomising of the liquids
    • B01F23/2132—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media by spraying or atomising of the liquids using nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/10—Mixing by creating a vortex flow, e.g. by tangential introduction of flow components
    • B01F25/103—Mixing by creating a vortex flow, e.g. by tangential introduction of flow components with additional mixing means other than vortex mixers, e.g. the vortex chamber being positioned in another mixing chamber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/314—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit
    • B01F25/3141—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit with additional mixing means other than injector mixers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/32—Injector mixers wherein the additional components are added in a by-pass of the main flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/421—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions by moving the components in a convoluted or labyrinthine path
    • B01F25/423—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions by moving the components in a convoluted or labyrinthine path by means of elements placed in the receptacle for moving or guiding the components
    • B01F25/4231—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions by moving the components in a convoluted or labyrinthine path by means of elements placed in the receptacle for moving or guiding the components using baffles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/90—Heating or cooling systems
    • B01F35/92—Heating or cooling systems for heating the outside of the receptacle, e.g. heated jackets or burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
    • F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
    • F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/90—Heating or cooling systems
    • B01F2035/99—Heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/20—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of exhaust gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/22—Inlet and outlet tubes being positioned on the same side of the apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1453—Sprayers or atomisers; Arrangement thereof in the exhaust apparatus

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a chamber mixer for an exhaust gas aftertreatment system of a motor vehicle according to patent claim 1.
  • Exhaust aftertreatment systems are used to clean combustion gases of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle.
  • the motor vehicle can in particular be a car or a truck.
  • the internal combustion engine can be designed as a diesel engine. Its combustion gas or exhaust gas usually contains nitrogen oxides, such as nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide.
  • a known selective catalytic reduction for the reduction of nitrogen oxides is used in particular.
  • a reducing agent such as urea solution
  • the first fluid and the second fluid mix with each other and flow into an SCR catalyst.
  • the urea solution decomposes in the exhaust gas to form ammonia and water.
  • a reaction takes place at the SCR catalyst, the products of which are water and nitrogen.
  • US Pat. No. 10,024,217 B1 and US Pat. No. 10,408,110 B2 each show a chamber mixer.
  • a reducing agent is added to exhaust gas and mixed with one another.
  • CN 110 337 324 A shows another chamber mixer for aftertreatment systems.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a chamber mixer for an exhaust gas aftertreatment system of a motor vehicle, which is particularly compact and also allows particularly good mixing of exhaust gas with a reducing agent for high efficiency of the exhaust gas aftertreatment.
  • the chamber mixer according to the invention is intended for an exhaust gas aftertreatment system of a motor vehicle.
  • the exhaust gas aftertreatment system is used for the exhaust gas aftertreatment of an internal combustion engine, in particular a diesel engine.
  • the motor vehicle can be a car or a truck, for example.
  • the chamber mixer has an internal volume delimited by a housing.
  • a first fluid can flow through the inner volume from an inlet opening arranged at one end on the inner volume on or in the housing to another end on the inner volume at the outlet opening arranged on or in the housing along a flow direction.
  • at least a second housing side is double-walled with an outer wall and an inner wall, which separates the inner volume into an inner chamber and an outer chamber located between the inner wall and the outer wall.
  • the in particular gaseous first fluid flowing through the inlet opening can be divided into a main flow flowing through the inner chamber and a secondary flow flowing through the outer chamber.
  • a flow device through which the main flow can be subjected to an, in particular symmetrical, double twist in the direction of flow.
  • the chamber mixer comprises a fluid introduction device with an introduction end which is arranged in the outer chamber and can therefore in particular be bypassed by the bypass flow.
  • a second, in particular liquid, fluid for example the reducing agent, can be injected through the introduction end or at the introduction end into the inner chamber through an introduction opening in the inner wall.
  • a combination device is provided downstream in the direction of flow, through which the main flow and the secondary flow can be guided into one another, in particular before they reach the outlet opening.
  • Direction of flow arranged upstream “Arranged at the other end of the inner volume” means in particular: “arranged downstream”. So In particular, the outlet opening is arranged downstream in the direction of flow on the chamber mixer or its inner volume, which is formed from the inner chamber and outer chamber.
  • a chamber mixer according to the invention which can be designed as a decomposition reactor, which has a flow device in the inlet opening, through which the fluid stream is separated into two parts or two partial main streams when passing through the flow device.
  • the main flow is shifted into a two-way proportion, in particular by means of a double twist plate of the flow device.
  • the secondary flow runs between the inner wall and the outer wall and in particular flows around the vicinity of the introduction end of the fluid introduction device. At the end downstream of both the inner and outer chambers, the main and side streams converge again and can leave the chamber mixer via the outlet opening.
  • the design of the inner chamber and/or the inner wall offsets the main flow or supports the symmetrical double twist along the direction of flow.
  • the application of the double twist to the main flow means that along the direction of flow the two partial flows can be formed or are formed in the form of two vortices of the first fluid flowing through, running next to one another.
  • their respective axis of rotation is oriented essentially along the flow direction.
  • the two vortices, which describe the double twist are formed in particular at one end by the flow device and each run in particular along the direction of longitudinal extension of the chamber mixer, which essentially coincides with the direction of flow.
  • the fluid of the respective eddy or first fluid which is located in the respective air eddy, moves along the flow direction and also essentially in a circle around the respective axis of rotation, it thus essentially describes a spiral path.
  • the two vortices each have a different sense of rotation, so that one rotates clockwise and the other counterclockwise.
  • the introduced, in particular liquid, second fluid in particular now evaporates into a gaseous phase.
  • the evaporation can advantageously be improved by the injection using the fluid introduction device and/or, for example, by the introduction of heat.
  • the second fluid can in particular be a reducing agent, in which case the fluid introduction device can thus introduce the reducing agent in particular by injecting it into the interior volume.
  • the first fluid in the form of an exhaust gas which can contain nitrogen oxides due to the combustion of diesel fuel, can be mixed with the reducing agent in the chamber mixer, as a result of which the mixture of the first fluid and the second fluid can be made to react in an SCR catalytic converter.
  • thermolysis reaction and a subsequent hydrolysis reaction can take place in the chamber mixer.
  • Ammonia is released from the urea to neutralize the nitrogen oxides.
  • the thermolysis and hydrolysis take place in particular on the way along the chamber mixers in the flow direction in the inner volume.
  • One advantage of the chamber mixer according to the invention is that a complex mixer construction for atomizing and/or evaporating the second fluid can be dispensed with. Mixing and evaporation and thus atomization of the second fluid can thus be achieved in a particularly advantageous manner by the chamber mixer according to the invention. It is also possible for the chamber mixer to be designed to be particularly compact and/or to have few components.
  • the chamber mixer can thus advantageously bring an injected liquid reducing agent—the second fluid—into contact with the exhaust gas, ie the first fluid.
  • the advantage of the chamber mixer according to the invention is that particularly high mixing uniformity of the two fluids can be achieved. As a result of this mixing uniformity, a catalytic reduction of the exhaust gas (first fluid), in particular of the nitrogen oxides contained therein, can also be carried out in a particularly advantageous manner.
  • the chamber mixer is designed in such a way that a particularly low back pressure against the direction of flow in the first fluid is to be expected.
  • An additional advantage is that due to the division into the main stream and the side stream and the Applying the double twist to the main flow can avoid deposit growth on the walls or on the housing of the chamber mixer or at least turns out to be particularly low.
  • the flow device comprises a double swirl plate arranged in a first partial inlet opening of the inlet opening or on the inlet opening.
  • the double swirl plate of the flow device the task of which is to influence the flow in particular in such a way that the inventive impingement of the main flow with the double swirl can take place particularly advantageously .
  • the double swirl plate at least partially closes the inlet opening, lamellae representing obstacles to a flow of the first fluid.
  • the orientation of the lamellae relative to the inlet opening is also symmetrical. This results in the advantage that the inflowing exhaust gas or the first fluid can be influenced in a particularly simple manner in order to generate the double twist.
  • the flow device has at least one deflection element arranged in the inner chamber and/or on the inner wall. Additionally or alternatively, at least part of the inner wall is designed as a deflection element.
  • the deflection element has a shape which is advantageous for forming the double twist or for reinforcing the double twist and/or for maintaining the double twist.
  • the deflection element can thus likewise represent an obstacle to a flow of the first fluid.
  • the flow device comprises a deflection element, which is arranged in the inner chamber to promote the double twist of the main flow and is preferably formed on the inner wall and/or through it.
  • the deflection element can also be a curvature of the inner wall, which has a radius of the double twist, for example, so that the first fluid or exhaust gas flowing against the deflection element can flow along the inner wall and thereby form a part or vortex of the double twist.
  • the flow device can be used particularly advantageously for generating, intensifying and/or maintaining the double twist of the main flow.
  • the combining device has at least one through-opening on a part of the inner wall associated with the outlet opening.
  • the part of the inner wall arranged downstream is provided with the passage openings, through which the first fluid, for example of the secondary flow, can flow in order to merge with the main flow.
  • the inner wall is designed, for example, as a perforated sheet metal, in particular with wing beads.
  • a heating device is provided, by means of which the inner wall and/or the at least one further inner wall can be heated at least in a respective partial region in order to evaporate the second fluid.
  • at least part of the wall delimiting the inner chamber can be heated or warmed up, as a result of which the evaporation of the second fluid introduced into the inner volume by means of the fluid introduction device can at least be supported.
  • the fluid introduction device is designed for injecting a, in particular aqueous, urea solution.
  • a urea solution is advantageously used as the second fluid, which can be conveyed or injected through the fluid introduction device into the interior volume.
  • an embodiment of the fluid introduction device and in particular its introduction end, which in particular can have a nozzle is adapted to conveying and injecting urea solution.
  • the nozzle, lines and/or at least one pump of the fluid introduction device can be adapted to a viscosity of the urea solution in order to be able to be operated particularly advantageously. This results in the advantage that the chamber mixer can be used particularly advantageously for exhaust gas aftertreatment.
  • beads are worked into the inner wall, which are oriented to the direction of flow in such a way that mixing of the second fluid with the first fluid is promoted. Is it about the inner wall preferably around a metal sheet, this can be embossed with the beads.
  • a chamber contour or a chamber cross section of the inner chamber tapers downstream. This favors the mixing of the first fluid with the second fluid. This results in the advantage that the mixing of the first fluid with the second fluid and thus the exhaust gas aftertreatment can be carried out particularly efficiently.
  • the chamber wall of the inner chamber i.e. the inner wall and/or the at least one further inner wall, does not have any edges and/or obstacles, which means that there is a particularly low back pressure during flow, in particular of the main flow, but also of the secondary flow, for example, in the direction of flow the chamber can be realized.
  • the inlet opening and the outlet opening are arranged on one side of the housing.
  • the two openings are oriented on the same side of the housing. This can result in the advantage that the housing can be made particularly compact.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a chamber mixer for exhaust gas aftertreatment of a motor vehicle
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic plan view of the chamber mixer according to FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows a sectional side view of the chamber mixer according to the preceding figures
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic side view of the chamber mixer according to the preceding figures
  • FIG. 6 shows a sectional plan view of the chamber mixer according to the previous figures
  • FIG. 7 shows a further embodiment of the chamber mixer in a further sectional side view
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic plan view of an inner wall and a double twist plate of the chamber mixer according to FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic sectional front view of the chamber mixer according to FIG.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a chamber mixer 10 for an exhaust gas aftertreatment system of a motor vehicle.
  • the exhaust gas aftertreatment system is used for exhaust gas aftertreatment, in which combustion gases of an internal combustion engine of the motor vehicle are cleaned. In this way, emissions can be reduced when the motor vehicle is used, which can in particular be a passenger car or a truck.
  • the exhaust aftertreatment system can be operated in particular on the basis of a selective catalytic reduction if the internal combustion engine is a diesel engine.
  • nitrogen oxides in particular nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide, from the exhaust gas, which can flow through the chamber mixer 10 as the first fluid 58, are reduced in at least one SCR catalytic converter.
  • the exhaust gas aftertreatment in the chamber mixer 10 is advantageously initiated by bringing a reducing agent, which is injected into the chamber mixer 10 as the second fluid 38 , into contact with the exhaust gas, ie the first fluid 58 .
  • the mixture of the first and second fluid flows from the chamber mixer 10 into the at least one SCR catalytic converter, whereupon a selective catalytic reaction, known per se, takes place in the SCR catalytic converter.
  • the chamber mixer 10 has an internal volume 14 delimited by a housing 12 .
  • the first fluid 58 flows into the inner volume 14 through an inlet opening 18 arranged at one end on the inner volume 14 on a first housing side 16 .
  • the first fluid 58 flows to another end of the inner volume 14 on the (same) first housing side 16 arranged outlet opening 20 along a flow direction 22 through the inner volume 14 and as indicated by a second arrow P2 out of the outlet opening 20 from the inner volume 14 and thus from the housing 12 of the chamber mixer 10 .
  • a second housing side 80 of housing 58 is double-walled with an outer wall 24 and an inner wall 26 shown in FIGS Inner wall 26 and the outer wall 24 lying outer chamber 30, which can be seen for example in Fig. 3, separates.
  • the second housing side 80 of the housing 12 is preferably configured opposite the inlet opening 18 and the outlet opening 20 .
  • the chamber mixer 10 is also designed so that the first fluid 58, in particular gaseous, flowing in through the inlet opening 18 - the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine - in particular through the inlet opening 18, in a main stream 54 flowing through the inner chamber 28 and a secondary stream flowing through the outer chamber 30 56 is divisible or is shared.
  • the inlet opening 18 has a first partial inlet opening 42 for the inner chamber 28 with its main flow 54 and a second partial inlet opening 62 for the outer chamber 30 with its secondary flow 56 .
  • the first fluid 58 in the housing 12 is diverted into the main flow 54 and the secondary flow 56 in the direction of the flow direction 22 .
  • the outer chamber 30 initially runs along a third side of the housing, which, starting from the inlet opening 18, forms an angle with the second side of the housing 80 and merges into it.
  • a flow device 32 is provided, through which the main flow 54 can be subjected to a, in particular symmetrical, double twist 70 in the flow direction 22 .
  • the first fluid 58 or a fluid mixture of the first and second fluid 58 and 38 moves essentially spirally when it flows through the inner chamber 28.
  • a fluid injecting device 34 having an injecting end 36 in the third side of the housing.
  • the introduction end 36 is arranged in the outer chamber 30 and can therefore be flowed around by the secondary flow 56 .
  • a second fluid 38 in particular a liquid, the reducing agent, such as urea solution, for example, can be injected via the fluid introduction device 34 through an introduction opening 40 in the inner wall 26 into the inner chamber 28 .
  • a combining device 42 is also provided downstream in the through-flow direction 22, through which the main flow 54 with its two partial main flows 66 and 68 and the secondary flow 56 can be guided into one another and can therefore be mixed with one another.
  • the combining device 42 is provided essentially upstream of the outlet opening 20 in the inner volume 14 .
  • the mixed fluids 58 and 38 are in the interior volume 14 in the area of the combining device 42 is deflected on a fourth housing wall 64 and then flow out of the outlet opening 20 of the housing 12 and thus out of the chamber mixer 10 .
  • the combining device 42 has at least one passage opening 48 from which the secondary flow 56 enters the inner chamber 28 .
  • the fourth housing wall 64 runs from the second housing side 80 to the outlet opening 20.
  • FIG. 2 shows the chamber mixer 10 according to FIG. 1 in a schematic plan view and serves in particular to clarify the sections along the line A1-A1 and the line A2-A2 shown in FIGS.
  • FIG. 3 shows the chamber mixer 10 according to the two previous figures in a schematic sectional side view along the line A1-A1, whereby the two chambers formed from the inner volume 14, the inner chamber 28 and the outer chamber 30, can be seen particularly advantageously.
  • flow direction 22 extends essentially along a longitudinal direction of chamber mixer 10, it being possible for the respective fluid 58 and 38 in a respective transverse direction to deviate from the longitudinal direction of chamber mixer 10, particularly in the vicinity of inlet opening 18 and outlet opening 20.
  • the first fluid 58 is deflected downstream of the inlet opening 18 by an angle of approximately 90° in the flow direction 22 and upstream of the outlet opening 20, the first fluid 58 and the second fluid 38 mixed with the first fluid 58 are also deflected by an angle of 90 ° to the flow direction 22 deflected.
  • deflection angles are also conceivable.
  • the mixed first fluid 58 and second fluid 38 flow out of the outlet opening 20 as a fluid mixture from the chamber mixer 10 .
  • the flow device 32 can have, for example, a double swirl plate 44 arranged in the first partial inlet opening 60 of the inlet opening 18 .
  • the double swirl plate 44 has a plurality of lamellae 72, which are oriented in the longitudinal direction or flow direction 22 and for generating the clockwise swirl of the first partial main flow 66 and the counterclockwise swirl of the second partial main flow 68 in relation to the on the inlet opening 18 flowing first fluid 58 are employed.
  • the first fluid 58 flows through openings 50 between the lamellae 72 into the chamber mixer 10 and is correspondingly deflected there.
  • the second partial inlet opening 62 is free of a flow device.
  • the flow device 32 as along A2- A2 shown in a schematic, sectional front view of FIG. 4, have at least one deflection element 46, which is arranged in the inner chamber 28 and/or on the inner wall 26.
  • the deflection element 46 is used in particular to apply the double twist 70 to the main flow 54 or to reinforce or maintain it and can also direct it downstream in the direction of the outlet opening 20 .
  • the deflection element 46 essentially has a triangular cross-section, with an edge 78 of the deflection element 46 pointing towards the inlet opening 18 .
  • the edge 78 of the deflection element 46 begins essentially in the middle area of the inlet opening 18 and runs in the inner volume 14 to the outlet opening 20.
  • the deflection element 46 is formed by an indentation 76 in the second housing side 80, which leads to the essentially triangular cross section of the inner wall 26 leads and projects into the inner volume 14 . It can be seen in particular in FIGS. 3 and 4 that the outer wall 24 also has the triangular cross section and therefore the outer chamber 30 also has the triangular cross section in the area of the edge 78 .
  • FIG. 5 shows the chamber mixer 10 in a schematic side view, the section plane A3-A3 shown in FIG. 6 being marked.
  • Fig. 6 shows the chamber mixer 10 in a diagrammatically sectioned plan view.
  • the offset lamellae 72 of the double swirl plate 44 can be seen particularly well, as can a web 74 of the double swirl plate 44 arranged centrally between the lamellae 72.
  • the web 74 ensures improved stability of the Double swirl plate 44.
  • Openings 50 are also present between the web 74 and the lamellae 72 to the left and right of it.
  • the second partial inlet opening 62 has no flow device and the first fluid 58 can flow into the outer chamber 30 without being deflected.
  • the housing 12 and thus the inner volume 14 tapers from the inlet opening 18 to the outlet opening 20, so that a speed of the first fluid 58 and the second fluid 38 increases in the inner volume 14 of the chamber mixer 10 from the inlet opening 18 to the outlet opening 20 , As a result of which improved mixing of the first fluid 58 with the second fluid 38 can be achieved.
  • 7 to 9 show a further embodiment of the chamber mixer 10, the chamber mixer 10 being shown in FIG. 7 in a section analogous to that of FIG. The same or equivalent components are provided with the same reference numerals as in the embodiment of Figures 1 to 6. 7 shows how the second fluid 38 can be introduced into the inner chamber 28 through the introduction opening 40 via the introduction end 36 by the fluid introduction device 34 .
  • the introduction can take place in particular in liquid form, so that the liquid second fluid 38 can impinge on the inner wall 26 .
  • the second fluid 38 can be used advantageously for the exhaust gas aftertreatment, it should advantageously mix in the double swirl 70 in the gaseous phase with the first fluid 58—the exhaust gas.
  • a heating device (not shown in detail) can advantageously be provided, which heats the inner wall 26 at least in a partial area 64, in particular the area in which the second fluid 38 meets the inner wall 26, whereby the evaporation of the second fluid 38 and thus its transition is at least favored from the liquid to the gaseous phase.
  • the 7 also shows beads 52 formed on the inner wall 26.
  • the beads 52 are oriented essentially transversely to the direction of flow 22 in such a way that mixing of the first fluid 58 with the second fluid 38 is promoted, since, for example, turbulence occurs in addition to the double twist 70 the beads 52 in the inner chamber 34 in the fluid or in the mixture of the first and second fluid 58 and 38 can be formed.
  • the fluid introduction device 34 is advantageously designed such that a particularly aqueous urea solution can be injected as the second fluid 38 .
  • the urea solution can be converted into ammonia in a chemical reaction in the chamber mixer 10, so that the ammonia can advantageously bind or neutralize the nitrogen oxides of the exhaust gas in an SCR catalytic converter downstream of the chamber mixer 10.
  • the combining device 42 has a plurality of through-openings 48, so that the first fluid 58 can enter the inner chamber 34 from the outer chamber 30 via the through-openings 48 and can mix with the first and second fluids 58 and 38 in the inner chamber 34, whereby further improved mixing of the first and second fluids 58 and 38 is made possible.
  • FIG. 8 shows, in a schematic top view, the double twist plate 44 in a second
  • a single opening 50 can be seen here in particular, which tapers in the direction downstream of the flow direction 22 to the outlet opening 20 and is arranged symmetrically transversely to this in an alternative flow device.
  • FIG. 9 shows the section A4-A4, the position of which on the chamber mixer 10 is shown in FIG. 7, the arrows indicating the first partial main flow 66 and the second partial main flow 68 of the double twist 70 of the first fluid 58 or the fluid mixture.
  • a cross section of the inner chamber 28 can become smaller, in particular downstream. At least the inner chamber 28 can taper downstream, for example.
  • the first partial main flow 66 and the second partial main flow 68 of the double swirl 70 of the first fluid 58 or the fluid mixture are caused by lamellae 72 of the opening 50 of the double swirl plate 44, which are bent inwards, in the direction of the inner chamber 28, and at least at its edges, of the concavely shaped inner wall 26 generated.
  • the two lamellae 72 of the opening 50 extend less deeply into the inner chamber 34, as in section A4-A4, than in the direction of the outlet opening 20 of the chamber mixer 10, as can be seen in FIG.
  • the chamber mixer 10 shown in the figures can contribute to an exhaust gas aftertreatment by means of the exhaust gas aftertreatment system in a particularly advantageous manner.
  • the chamber mixer 10 can be designed to be particularly compact, so that the volume of installation space is particularly small.
  • additional openings and/or holes as obstacle points can be dispensed with, as a result of which deposit growth, for example of the urea solution, on the surfaces of the housing 12 in contact with the inner chamber 28 and the outer chamber 30 can be reduced.
  • the overall robustness of the chamber mixer 10 can be increased, for example by dispensing with an extra mixing device in the inner volume 14 .
  • the inner volume can be designed essentially without edges and/or obstacles, which means that there is a particularly low back pressure when flowing through Flow direction 22 is possible.
  • the chamber mixer 10 shown here results in a particularly advantageous exhaust gas aftertreatment.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
  • Accessories For Mixers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un mélangeur de chambre (10) pour un système de post-traitement des gaz d'échappement d'un véhicule automobile. Dans ledit mélangeur, un premier fluide (12) peut s'écouler à travers son volume interne (18) dans une direction d'écoulement traversant (26), ledit volume interne étant délimité par un boîtier (16) ; au moins un côté de boîtier du boîtier (16) est à double paroi et présente une paroi externe (30) et une paroi interne (32) qui divise le volume interne (18) en une chambre interne (34) et une chambre externe (36) ; le fluide s'écoulant à travers une ouverture d'entrée (22) peut être séparé en un écoulement principal (38) s'écoulant à travers la chambre interne (34) et un écoulement auxiliaire (40) s'écoulant à travers la chambre externe (36) ; et un double tourbillon (50) peut être appliqué à l'écoulement principal (38) au moyen d'un dispositif d'écoulement (48). Le mélangeur de chambre comprend également un dispositif d'introduction de fluide (56) ayant une extrémité d'introduction (58) qui est disposée dans la chambre externe (36) et par l'intermédiaire duquel un second fluide (14) peut être injecté dans la chambre interne (34) à travers une ouverture d'introduction (60) dans la paroi interne (32).
EP22843233.2A 2021-12-23 2022-12-20 Mélangeur pour un système de post-traitement des gaz d'échappement d'un véhicule automobile Active EP4453393B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021006331.7A DE102021006331A1 (de) 2021-12-23 2021-12-23 Kammermischer für ein Abgasnachbehandlungssystem eines Kraftfahrzeugs
PCT/EP2022/087100 WO2023118216A1 (fr) 2021-12-23 2022-12-20 Mélangeur de chambre pour un système de post-traitement des gaz d'échappement d'un véhicule automobile

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EP4453393A1 true EP4453393A1 (fr) 2024-10-30
EP4453393B1 EP4453393B1 (fr) 2026-02-04

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Country Link
US (1) US20250052183A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4453393B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2024546308A (fr)
CN (1) CN118056064A (fr)
DE (1) DE102021006331A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2023118216A1 (fr)

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WO2019040127A1 (fr) * 2017-08-22 2019-02-28 Cummins Emission Solutions Inc. Chambre de réacteur de décomposition d'agent de réduction
CH715208A1 (de) * 2018-07-27 2020-01-31 Eminox Ltd System zum Einbringen eines Reduktionsmittels in einen Abgasstrom.
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US8033104B2 (en) * 2008-07-09 2011-10-11 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst injection systems
DE102011108237A1 (de) * 2011-07-21 2013-01-24 Friedrich Boysen Gmbh & Co. Kg Anordnung zum Einbringen eines Zusatzstoffes in einen Gasstrom
US20180066559A1 (en) * 2015-03-09 2018-03-08 Tenneco Gmbh Mixing device
US20160363027A1 (en) * 2015-06-10 2016-12-15 Cummins Emission Solutions Inc. Aftertreatment exhaust separator and/or deflector
WO2019040127A1 (fr) * 2017-08-22 2019-02-28 Cummins Emission Solutions Inc. Chambre de réacteur de décomposition d'agent de réduction
US11187132B2 (en) * 2017-12-13 2021-11-30 Tenneco (Suzhou) Emission System Co., Ltd. Exhaust gas after-treatment mixing device
CH715208A1 (de) * 2018-07-27 2020-01-31 Eminox Ltd System zum Einbringen eines Reduktionsmittels in einen Abgasstrom.
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2024546308A (ja) 2024-12-19
EP4453393B1 (fr) 2026-02-04
CN118056064A (zh) 2024-05-17
DE102021006331A1 (de) 2023-06-29
US20250052183A1 (en) 2025-02-13
WO2023118216A1 (fr) 2023-06-29

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