EP4619575A1 - Verfahren zum erkennen von fremdkörpern in fasermaterial - Google Patents
Verfahren zum erkennen von fremdkörpern in fasermaterialInfo
- Publication number
- EP4619575A1 EP4619575A1 EP23790675.5A EP23790675A EP4619575A1 EP 4619575 A1 EP4619575 A1 EP 4619575A1 EP 23790675 A EP23790675 A EP 23790675A EP 4619575 A1 EP4619575 A1 EP 4619575A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- camera
- waste
- fiber material
- output value
- filling shaft
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01G31/00—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop motions
- D01G31/003—Detection and removal of impurities
Definitions
- the fiber quality of a fiber bale purchased which may be made of cotton, polyester, mixed fibers or the like, is known.
- Quality fluctuations in the bale feed are often not recognized during the ongoing processing process and necessary adjustments to machine settings to always maintain optimal yarn quality despite quality fluctuations are not made.
- the recording of the foreign body content or disruptive particle content is a common parameter.
- Foreign bodies present in the pressed fiber bales include, for example, plant components such as stems, leaves, seeds (also generally referred to as "trash") or packaging residues such as fabrics, tissues, foils, plastic bands and the like.
- EP 3 951 032 A1 discloses a device with a camera for detecting interfering particles in fiber material that is collected in a filling chute of a spinning preparation machine.
- the camera is arranged at an angle of maximum +/- 30 degrees to a vertical aligned with the fiber surface.
- the component “the at least one camera”, “the at least one evaluation unit”, “the at least one cleaning element” or “the at least one sensor” will be referred to below only as “the camera”, “the evaluation unit”, “the cleaning element” or “the sensor”, whereby this will continue to refer to exactly one of the respective components or a plurality of the respective components. If the exact number is important, this will be indicated at the appropriate point.
- the initial value can also be a value specified by the operator or machine operator. For example, when changing batches, it may be necessary to use a specified initial value in order to initially adjust the cleaning element to the purchased bale quality.
- the foreign body content can be in the usual range of 2 to 6 percent (mass ratio to raw cotton) when raw cotton is used as the starting product. When waste is fed in, the foreign body content can also be higher.
- a defined deviation of the output value from the initial value may be tolerable. This has the advantage that no optimization run is carried out if there are minor fluctuations in quality. For example, a percentage deviation of the output value of plus and/or minus 10 percent from the initial value may be acceptable, although larger or smaller deviations are also possible.
- the initial value can also be a range of values, with the optimization run only being carried out if the output value is outside the range of values.
- the method can comprise at least one of the following steps, which can be carried out, for example, before carrying out the optimization run: determining the current waste composition by the at least one waste sensor device if the output value deviates from the predetermined and/or previous output value; comparing the current waste composition with a predetermined and/or previous waste value.
- the process can include the optimization run step if the output value deviates from the specified and/or previous output value and if the current waste composition deviates from the specified and/or previous waste value.
- a percentage deviation of the current waste composition of, for example, plus and/or minus 10 percent from the specified and/or previous waste value can be specified, although larger or smaller deviations are also possible.
- the waste value can also be a range of values, with the optimization run only being carried out if the initial value and/or the output value are outside the respective range of values.
- the cleaning element can be arranged on the processing machine itself or on a spinning preparation machine upstream or downstream of the processing machine. If several of the cleaning elements are provided, they can be arranged on one of the machines or on several of the machines. Accordingly, the waste sensor device can be assigned to the machine that comprises the at least one cleaning element.
- the inspection device and the waste sensor device can be connected to one another, for example via a common machine control if both devices are assigned to the same machine, or via a higher-level control unit if the two devices are assigned to different machines.
- the upstream or downstream spinning preparation machine can also be a processing machine according to the invention or it can be a spinning preparation machine which is not equipped with its own filling shaft or is not equipped with the inspection device.
- machines can be combined to form a system that covers a processing line or at least part of the processing line in the spinning mill.
- the machines within the system are each equipped with at least one of the inspection devices, provided they have a filling shaft that can be viewed from the outside.
- the quality characteristics of the fiber material in particular the foreign body content, can be analyzed at several process points within the system.
- machines in the system can be automatically adapted to changes in the raw material quality depending on the raw material quality recorded.
- the fiber material usually moves in the filling shaft at a slow transport speed, whereas the camera is held stationary.
- the fiber material preferably runs through the filling shaft from top to bottom, following the direction of gravity.
- the fiber material can sometimes be briefly accumulated in the filling shaft when the processing machine is in operation.
- a dosing device is arranged on the underside of the filling shaft and is configured to remove the fiber material from the filling shaft in doses.
- the dosing device can be, for example, a roller feeder and/or an opening roller.
- the material transport speed in the filling shaft i.e.
- the transport speed depends on a number of factors, for example the production rate, the material dissolution, the conveying pressure, etc., whereby the transport speed can be a few millimeters per minute to a few centimeters per minute.
- the transport speed is usually in a range of 20 to 800 millimeters per minute.
- the image recording frequency of the camera device can be increased. However, this is only possible to a limited extent due to the low transport speed of the fiber material, since if the image recording frequency is too high, the foreign bodies visible through the observation area can be counted multiple times.
- the time until the minimum area is recorded can also be reduced by using several of the inspection devices that take images of the fiber material at several locations on the processing machine. If the processing machine has several of the filling shafts, such as a mixer with several filling shafts or chambers, the inspection devices can be arranged at each filling shaft and their images can each contribute to a part of the minimum area. If several of the inspection devices are arranged at the same filling shaft, it is advantageous if the inspection devices are distributed circumferentially around the transport direction and are therefore not arranged one above the other in order to avoid the same foreign body being detected multiple times.
- the waste sensor device can be configured to move the at least one cleaning element to a first end position during the optimization run, in which no foreign particles are separated, and then step by step to a second end position in which foreign particles and fibers are separated.
- the sensor signals of the waste sensor device are recorded and evaluated.
- the optimization run can be terminated at the point where a disproportionate amount of fiber material is separated compared to the proportion of foreign particles.
- a first cleaning element in the form of a knife can be moved tangentially so that a cleaning point can be opened or completely or partially closed.
- a second cleaning element which can be a pivoting wing, can be rotated about its pivot point so that a cleaning point can also be opened or completely or partially closed.
- a cover element can be arranged on the separating element, wherein an interior space is formed between the separating element and the cover element, in which the at least one camera can be arranged.
- the separating element and the cover element thus enclose the hollow interior in which the camera can be protected.
- the camera can be arranged and aligned such that an optical axis of the camera is aligned at least substantially parallel to the observation plane, and that a deflection device that deflects a beam path emanating from the observation area towards the camera is arranged in the interior formed between the separating element and the cover element.
- the camera thus looks indirectly at the observation area. This gives the inspection device a particularly flat design.
- the deflection of the beam path lengthens the distance between the camera and the observation area, which means that the detection area can be increased.
- optical axis can be aligned parallel to the observation plane, whereby a preset deviation from parallelism in the range of plus 15 degrees to minus 15 degrees can be possible.
- an intersection point of the optical axis with the observation plane can lie outside the observation area, so that the camera cannot look directly at the observation area.
- the camera is preferably arranged and aligned such that the optical axis runs parallel to the observation plane.
- the deflection device can have a reflective surface.
- An angle of incidence or reflection between the beam path and a surface normal of the reflective surface can be 45 degrees in each case. This arrangement is particularly suitable when the optical axis of the camera is aligned parallel to the observation plane.
- the angle of incidence or reflection can be greater than 45 degrees in each case and more preferably greater than 50 degrees and in particular less than 85 degrees. This allows the camera to be arranged closer to the separating element in order to provide a particularly flat inspection device.
- the angle of incidence or reflection can also be less than 45 degrees and in particular greater than 15 degrees.
- the deflection device can comprise at least one deflection element, in particular a mirror, whereby an optical fiber or the like can be provided as an alternative to the mirror or as a further deflection element.
- the camera or an optical axis of the camera can be aligned with the observation area.
- the camera looks directly at the observation area, so that in this embodiment no device for deflecting the beam path, such as the deflection device, is provided.
- the optical axis of the camera can intersect the observation area or an observation plane spanned by the observation area, preferably at an angle to an axis running perpendicular to the observation plane in a range of plus 60 degrees to minus 60 degrees.
- a dynamic pressure can be measured in the filling shaft, whereby the measured dynamic pressure can be used to correct the output value provided by the evaluation unit to a parameter that is independent of the dynamic pressure.
- the number of foreign bodies visible in the observation area or in the image taken by the camera depends significantly on the material resolution of the fiber material. A loose, well-resolved material layer will present a small number of foreign bodies in the camera's filling shaft. If, on the other hand, the material in the filling shaft is compressed by the application of transport air at a higher pressure, considerably more foreign bodies will appear in the observation area or the image, and thus in the same area. A fluctuating dynamic pressure can thus falsify the detection of the foreign body content.
- a pressure sensor for measuring the dynamic pressure can be arranged in the at least one filling shaft.
- a calibration curve can be stored in the evaluation unit.
- the pressure sensor can be arranged above a predetermined maximum filling level of the at least one filling shaft.
- the at least one inspection device can be arranged below the maximum filling level.
- a light barrier or a light sensor can be arranged in the at least one filling shaft to specify the maximum filling level. The maximum filling level can be determined by an installation height of the light barrier or the light sensor.
- the method can include the step of retrofitting the inspection device by inserting the inspection device into an existing housing opening of the processing machine through which the filling shaft can be viewed from the outside.
- a housing opening is usually equipped with a rigid or pivoting viewing window, a shaft door, a maintenance door, a maintenance flap or the like and can be provided with the inspection device instead.
- a conventional processing machine at least one housing opening of which is equipped with the viewing or access opening of a conventional type, i.e. without a built-in camera, can be retrofitted with the inspection device in order to be able to visually inspect the fiber material in the filling shaft.
- the inspection device can thus be referred to as an intelligent maintenance door or intelligent maintenance window.
- the inspection device can also be installed ex works or when the processing machine is first delivered. In principle, however, it is also possible to create an opening in the housing of the processing machine specifically for the inspection device.
- the inspection device can be designed as a fixed or openable, in particular pivotable window. If the inspection device is designed to be openable, the filling shaft is accessible from the outside when the inspection device is open, for example in order to be able to remove a portion of the absorbed fiber material. When the inspection device is closed, the inspection device closes the housing opening, in particular hermetically. The latter also applies if the inspection device is designed to be fixed.
- the conventional maintenance windows that can be replaced by the inspection device usually have an external width of at least approximately 400 millimeters and an external height of at least approximately 800 millimeters. The external dimensions of the inspection device are preferably selected such that the inspection device can be inserted into the existing housing opening instead of the maintenance windows.
- the inspection device in particular the opening closure device, can have an external width of between 200 millimeters and 600 millimeters and an external height of between 400 millimeters and 1200 millimeters.
- the external width is in a range of 300 millimeters and 500 millimeters and the external height is in a range of 600 millimeters and 1000 millimeters.
- the separating element and the cover element form an opening closure which can accommodate further components such as a frame for insertion into the housing openings, pivoting means, locking means, seals and the like.
- the inspection device can preferably be handled as a structural unit. To operate the inspection device, it can be connected to an electrical supply, in particular to the processing machine. Means for data transmission can also be provided.
- the camera can have an interface for connecting to the evaluation unit and/or the control unit.
- the inspection device can comprise the evaluation unit, which can be accommodated in particular in the interior of the opening closure device.
- the control unit can be a control unit of the processing machine or a higher-level system control or.
- the camera and the optional deflection device are preferably housed entirely in the interior of the opening closure device.
- the separating element is designed to be transparent, at least in the observation area, so that the camera can take pictures of the fiber material or its fiber material surface through the observation area.
- the separating element can be a glass or plastic pane. It is advantageous that the fiber material passing by the separating element keeps the separating element clean and dust-free.
- the interior and/or the inspection device as a whole are intended to be arranged outside the filling shaft. The separating element separates the interior from the filling shaft of the processing machine so that the camera has no contact with the fiber material and is protected accordingly.
- the separating element is arranged on a side of the inspection device facing the filling shaft, whereas the cover element is arranged on a side of the inspection device facing away from the filling shaft.
- the cover element is arranged on the separating element and thus covers the camera arranged between the separating element and the cover element in a protective manner from the outside.
- the cover element and the separating element are preferably firmly connected to one another.
- the separating element can be designed to be flat, whereby its design can preferably correspond to the shape and contour of the housing wall of the filling shaft surrounding the housing opening in order to ensure that the fiber material can pass by without interference.
- the separating element can be arranged flush with the housing wall surrounding the housing opening.
- the separating element can also be referred to as a separating wall.
- the cover element can be designed to form the interior space, for example, in the form of a tub or bowl. The cover element and the separating element
- a lighting device for illuminating the fiber material guided past the observation area can be arranged in the interior of the opening closure device. This allows the fiber material moving past the observation area in the filling shaft of the processing machine to be illuminated with incident light.
- the lighting device can extend over the entire width of the observation area.
- the lighting device can comprise a plurality of light-emitting diodes or LED light sources, which can have lenses in order to evenly distribute the light emitted by the respective light-emitting diode. This ensures uniform illumination of the observation area.
- the lighting device can have a lower lighting element and an upper lighting element, with the observation area being arranged between the two lighting elements.
- the upper and/or lower lighting element can each be designed in the form of a light bar or LED bar.
- the at least one lighting element directed towards the observation area can be arranged in a direction that is clearly deviated from the surface normal of the observation plane. different angle of incidence. This is particularly useful when the upper and lower lighting elements are arranged above and below the observation area. It is also possible for the angle of incidence of the lighting element to be directed perpendicularly to the observation plane. This is particularly advantageous when the beam path between the observation area and the optional deflection device runs at an angle to the surface normal.
- the observation area can be illuminated by the lighting device at least when an image is taken.
- the observation area can be permanently illuminated by the lighting device. This can be advantageous, among other things, if the camera is a line camera.
- flash operation in which the lighting device generates flash lights, can also be advantageous if illumination is to be provided alternately with light of different wavelengths or if the movement of the fiber material along the observation area is so slow that the light can be switched off between the individual image recordings.
- the number of cameras used depends, among other things, on the width of the observation area, the maximum detection width of the respective camera, the size of the interior, the distance of the camera from the observation area and the like. Preferably, exactly one or two of the cameras are provided. To increase the detection width of the respective camera, it can be placed as high up in the interior as possible. Furthermore, the focal length of the lens can be reduced. However, this can lead to a large viewing angle towards the edge of the detection area, which can be associated with optical disadvantages. If several cameras are used, they can be arranged next to one another in the direction of the width of the dividing element and, in particular, at a distance from one another. The detection areas of neighboring cameras can also overlap in order to ensure seamless coverage of the observation area.
- the camera can form a camera device together with the evaluation unit, also called an image evaluation computer.
- the camera device can accordingly comprise one or more of the cameras.
- the evaluation unit can analyze the image data from the assigned camera(s). This ensures particularly efficient processing of the image data, especially when a processing machine has several of the inspection devices.
- the evaluation unit is preferably arranged in the interior between the cover element and the separating element. In principle, however, it is also possible for the evaluation unit to be arranged outside the interior and, for example, to be housed on or in the processing machine.
- the camera can be a line camera. This enables a large detection width or detection over a large viewing angle along the line, which can be aligned in the direction of the width of the observation area or the width of the housing opening.
- the line camera records the image line by line.
- the individual image lines can be combined by the evaluation unit to form a continuous image.
- the fiber material moves past the observation area and the camera device is held stationary on the opening closure device, i.e. the camera stands still.
- the detection area, or the image field at the moment of recording is a slot with the width of the desired image, which preferably corresponds at most to the width of the separating element.
- the opening closure device can be a carrier for further auxiliary sensors.
- an idle monitoring device for the filling shaft can be arranged on the outside of the separating element and/or in the interior of the opening closure device. This can comprise, for example, a light barrier or a light switch.
- Figure 10 is an enlarged partial view of the processing machine in the area of an inspection device according to an alternative embodiment with two cameras;
- Figure 12 is a side view of a processing machine according to another embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 13 is an enlarged partial view of the processing machine according to an alternative embodiment, wherein the processing machine comprises an inspection device according to the invention according to a further embodiment with a camera and two lighting elements, wherein the camera looks directly onto an observation area.
- the processing machine 1 has a filling shaft 2.
- the filling shaft 2 is connected to an inlet 4, via which fiber material 3, usually provided in flake form, can be pneumatically introduced from an upstream processing machine, for example a mixer shown in Figure 12, here the Trützschler Universal Mixer MX-U.
- an upstream processing machine for example a mixer shown in Figure 12, here the Trützschler Universal Mixer MX-U.
- a dust removal device 6 which separates dust and transport air from the fiber material 3.
- the transport air is discharged via an exhaust air line 7 and the fiber material 3 falls into a lower part 8 of the filling shaft 2, in which it is accumulated during operation of the processing machine 1.
- a dosing device here in the form of a Roller feed 9 is arranged, which, here as an example, has two slowly rotating feed rollers 10, 11 that are directed opposite to one another in their directions of rotation and, below the feed rollers 10, 11, two slowly rotating feed rollers 12, 13 that are directed opposite to one another in their directions of rotation.
- the feed rollers 12, 13 form the bottom of the filling shaft 2, under which an opening roller 14 is arranged.
- FIG. 2 it can be seen that the waste material sucked into the waste line 21 via the suction hoods 19, 20 is guided past a waste sensor device 22.
- the waste sensor device 22 has an optical measuring device with a sensor 23, 24 for each suction hood 19, 20, in particular a brightness sensor, which looks into the respective suction hood 19, 20 via a transparent partition wall.
- the sensors 23, 24 can be used to detect the waste material transported away via the suction hoods 19, 20 through a waste channel 25 of the waste line 21 in order to detect good fibers in the waste stream within the fibers flying past. By evaluating the measurement results, the proportion of good fibers in the waste material or the waste composition of the waste material comprising foreign bodies and good fibers can be determined.
- the inspection device 30 here by way of example, is designed as a pivotable access or inspection door which is hinged to the housing 26 by means of hinge means 61. Furthermore, mechanical locking means 62 can be provided in order to be able to lock the inspection device 30 in its closed state. In principle, the inspection device 30 can also be a fixed window that has no hinge means 61 and no locking means 62.
- the inspection device 30 has an opening closure device 31 which comprises a separating element 32 and a cover element 33.
- the separating element 32 is designed like a plate and can be flush with a housing wall 34 of the filling shaft 2 surrounding the housing opening 27.
- the fiber material 3 moves or brushes past the inside of the housing wall 34 and an outside 35 of the separating element 32 facing the filling shaft 2 in the direction of the arrow provided with the reference number 63.
- the opening closure device 31 can have a frame 36 which encloses the separating element 32 and the cover element 33 for fastening the opening closure device 31 to the housing 26.
- a camera device 38 is arranged in the interior 37 of the opening closure device 31 in order to be able to take pictures of the fiber material 3 which passes in the filling shaft 2 at a defined observation area 39 of the separating element 32 in the direction of the arrow 63.
- the separating element 32 is transparent in the observation area 39, wherein, as shown here by way of example, the entire surface of the separating element 32 is transparent.
- the outer side 35 of the separating element 32 defines an observation plane E, to which an optical axis 40 of the camera device 38 is aligned parallel.
- a deflection device 41 is accommodated in the interior 37 of the opening closure device 31, which is arranged in the field of view of the camera device 38 and deflects a beam path 42 emanating from the observation area 39 towards the camera device 38.
- the deflection device 41 comprises, here by way of example, a mirror with a reflective surface 47. The angle of incidence and reflection is 45 degrees in each case, so that the beam path 42 is deflected by 90 degrees.
- a first beam path section 43 of the beam path 42 runs perpendicular to the observation plane E and that the beam path 42, after deflection, has a second beam path section 44 aligned parallel to the optical axis 40.
- the camera device 38 is arranged, here by way of example, in an upper section 45 of the opening closure device 31.
- the deflection device arranged at a distance from the camera device 38 41 is, here accordingly, accommodated in a lower section 46 of the opening closure device 31, in which the observation area 39 is also formed.
- a reverse arrangement is also possible, in which the camera device 38 can be arranged in the lower section 46 and the deflection device 41 and the observation area 39 can be arranged in the upper section 45.
- a detection width 48 of the camera device 38 i.e. a width of the scan line, can be specified, which expediently corresponds to a maximum of a clear width 49 of the frame 36.
- the camera device 38 is arranged at two different distances from the deflection device 41.
- the camera device 38 is fixed in the respective position.
- a guide device (not shown), which may comprise, for example, a rail, rod, a plate with a hole pattern or the like, can be provided in the interior space 37 in order to be able to align the camera device 38 and to adjust the inspection width via the distance to the deflection device 41.
- a lighting device 50 is arranged in the interior 37 of the opening closure device 31.
- the lighting device 50 has an upper lighting element 51 and a lower lighting element 52, which illuminate the observation area 39 obliquely from above and below, respectively.
- the observation area 39 is thus arranged between the two lighting elements 51, 52.
- the deflection device 41 is arranged between the camera device 38 and the lower lighting element 52 and the upper lighting element 51 is arranged between the camera device 38 and the deflection device 41.
- the two lighting elements 51, 52 are designed like strips and extend at least over the detection width 48 of the camera device 38.
- the lighting elements 51, 52 can comprise a plurality of LED light sources 53 with lenses.
- the angles of incidence deviate from the surface normal of the observation plane E and intersect the observation plane E, here as an example, in a range between 20 degrees and 80 degrees.
- the cover element 33 can be designed to be opaque in the lower section 46.
- the camera device 38 has a camera 54, here for example a line camera, with a lens 55, although in principle an area camera can also be provided.
- the camera 54 is connected via a data line 56 to an electronic evaluation unit 57, which analyzes the image data received from the camera device 38.
- the evaluation unit 57 is configured to evaluate the number, frequency and/or total area of foreign bodies in the fiber material using image processing methods in order to be able to output a foreign body content in the fiber material 3.
- the evaluation unit 57 can recognize the foreign bodies, for example, based on brightness and/or color deviations.
- the evaluation unit 57 is arranged in the interior 37, here for example in the upper section 45. In this way, the fiber material can be optically inspected from the machine side equipped with the inspection device 30 in order to detect foreign bodies in the fiber material 3.
- the embodiment of the processing machine 1 shown here has only a single inspection device 30.
- a housing wall 58 opposite the inspection device 30 is, here, closed, but can have inspection openings and the like in a manner known per se, into which an inspection device 30 could in principle also be inserted.
- the inspection device 30 can have an interface in order to be able to connect the inspection device 30 to an electrical supply system and/or a bus system, in particular a field bus, after installation in the housing opening 27.
- the interface can, for example, comprise plug contacts, connection points or the like, which are connected to at least one counter element arranged on the machine side.
- the electronic components of the inspection device 30, such as the camera device 38, the lighting device 50 and the evaluation unit 57, can be supplied with voltage and/or coupled to a control unit in order, for example, to be able to transfer the output values of the evaluation unit 57 to the control unit.
- the control unit can be assigned to the processing machine or be a higher-level system control that communicates with a large number of control units of other processing machines.
- the fiber material 2 is pneumatically transported via the inlet 3 into the filling shaft 2.
- the transport air is discharged via the dust removal device 6 and the fiber material 3 collects in the lower part 8 of the filling shaft 2.
- the fill level F is below the observation area 39.
- fill level sensors such as another light barrier, light sensors and the like can be provided.
- Figure 6 shows a possible flow chart for automatic operation of the processing machine 1.
- the cleaning elements 15, 16 are already optimally set for a predetermined starting value by means of an initial optimization run.
- the predetermined starting value can correspond to a manually entered foreign body proportion that the operator determines based on the quality of the raw materials purchased or examined.
- the optimization run can be carried out while the processing machine 1 is in operation by continuing to drive the roller feed 9 and the opening roller 14 in rotation.
- the optical sensors 23, 24 of the waste sensor device 22 check the waste material extracted via the extraction hoods 19, 20 for its waste composition.
- the first cleaning element 15 can first be moved to a first position in which the cleaning point or cleaning opening is closed. The degree of foreign bodies separated will initially be low in the first position.
- the first cleaning element 15 can then be moved along the double arrow A and gradually clear the cleaning opening, whereby the proportion of foreign parts will increase. From a certain point onwards, the proportion of good fibers in relation to the proportion of foreign parts will continue to increase.
- the first cleaning element 15 is then moved to the position in which the ratio between foreign bodies and good fibers was most favorable in this optimization run.
- the ratio between foreign bodies and good fibers resulting from the optimization run is saved as a waste value.
- machine units that influence the waste composition, here the cleaning elements 15, 16, can thus be automatically adjusted until the desired waste quality is achieved.
- the optimization run carried out on the basis of the initial value thus optimizes the cleaning efficiency of the processing machine 1.
- Step 70 comprises various sub-steps which are shown in the flow chart in Figure 7.
- the camera device 38 takes a picture of the fiber material 3 passing behind the observation area 39 in sub-step 72, the lighting device 50 illuminating the observation area 39 during the recording using the incident light method.
- the evaluation unit 57 evaluates the image data transmitted by the camera device 38 for the captured image in sub-step 73.
- the received image data are evaluated using image processing methods in relation to the number, frequency and/or total area of foreign bodies in the fiber material 3.
- foreign bodies such as stems, leaves or general “trash” particles appear as dark spots on the otherwise cream to white colored fiber material 3. Because almost binary states are present, the segmentation between the foreign bodies being sought against the light background of the fiber material 3 is possible, for example, using threshold operations.
- a classic decomposition of the scene into objects with characteristics such as size, area, contour, etc. can follow.
- the foreign body content can be determined by counting the dark objects or by accumulating the area. Size histograms or a classification of the objects into groups such as trash, stems, leaves, etc. can also be carried out.
- sub-step 74 it is queried whether the image area captured by the camera device 38 corresponds to a defined minimum area.
- the minimum area captured by the camera device 38 has a defined minimum value. A very high level of accuracy is achieved if the minimum area is more than 2 square meters and more preferably at least approximately 3 square meters. Due to the small capture area of the line camera 54 compared to the minimum area of, for example, only 90 square millimeters, further images are captured 72 and evaluated 73 until the defined minimum area has been reached.
- one goal is to capture the defined minimum area of the fiber material 3 in the shortest possible time without capturing foreign bodies multiple times. Since the processing machine 1 shown here only has a single inspection device 30, the required minimum area must therefore be captured by the images of the one camera device 38.
- the capture area of the camera device 38 can be increased, for example, by increasing its distance from the deflection device 41 or the observation area 39, whereby a larger area can be captured with one image.
- the image recording frequency depends on the transport speed and can only be increased to a limited extent in order to avoid multiple counting of the same foreign bodies.
- the images can be captured at an example transport speed of 120 to 360 millimeters per minute with an image recording frequency of 13 to 80 hertz. If the capture or image area of an image of the camera device 38 is assumed to be 90 square millimeters, the measurement time to reach the minimum area of 3 square meters would be 14 minutes. Higher transport speeds, which can be achieved through higher production rates, thus enable a higher image recording frequency, whereby the minimum area can be captured more quickly.
- the evaluation unit 57 takes into account When evaluating the image, images are constructed line by line, as is usual for line cameras, and these are evaluated with image processing algorithms in terms of foreign bodies. The evaluation results of the individual images are accumulated in order to improve the accuracy of determining the proportion of foreign bodies in the fiber material 3.
- the evaluation unit 57 takes into account the dynamic pressure in the filling shaft 2 measured by the pressure sensor 29 when evaluating the image.
- the transport air flowing into the filling shaft 2 always leads to a certain compression of the fiber material 3 in the filling shaft 2, which can influence the accuracy of the output value.
- the pressure sensor 29 is coupled to the evaluation unit 57.
- the output value of the evaluation unit 57 can be corrected to a parameter that is independent of the dynamic pressure.
- the evaluation unit 57 outputs its corrected output value to a control unit of the processing machine 1.
- the corrected output value is transmitted to the control unit, see sub-step 76.
- the detection of the foreign body content ends with 77.
- the process for detecting foreign bodies according to sub-steps 71 to 77 can be repeated regularly.
- Several of the detection processes can also run simultaneously with a time offset, whereby a current foreign body content can be provided at shorter time intervals using the updated output value.
- step 70 is followed by a step 80 in which the waste composition is determined by means of the waste sensor device 22.
- the waste sensor device 22 can regularly and in principle also permanently monitor the waste composition, so that step 80 can also run simultaneously with step 70.
- the waste sensor device 22 uses the optical sensors 23, 24 to determine the waste composition or the proportion of good fibers in the waste material extracted via the extraction hoods 19, 20.
- step 85 Based on the corrected output values and the waste composition in particular, a decision can be made in step 85 as to whether optimization of the cleaning of the processing machine 1 is required ("yes"). If none of the criteria mentioned below is met, the cleaning elements 15, 16 are currently optimally adjusted and no optimization is necessary at this point in time (“no"), so that the method is continued with the loop comprising steps 70, 80 and 85.
- the optimization is carried out in step 90 if one of the following criteria is met: if the output value, which has been corrected in particular, has remained the same in comparison with the initial value set or specified in the previous or initial optimization run or is at least within a predeterminable tolerance range around the initial value, but the waste composition or waste quantity deviates from the waste value set in the previous optimization run and is in particular outside a predeterminable tolerance range around the waste value; if the waste composition or waste quantity has remained the same in comparison with the waste value set in the previous or initial optimization run or is at least within a predeterminable tolerance range around the waste value, but the output value, which has been corrected in particular, has changed over time because the output value is outside the predeterminable tolerance range, a sudden increase in the output value was detected or When the integral is considered over time, a continuous increase or decrease is detected; if both the particularly corrected output value lies outside the predeterminable tolerance range around the output value in comparison with the initial value and the waste composition or waste quantity lies outside the predeterminable tolerance range around the waste value.
- the optimization 90 comprises various sub-steps which are shown in the flow chart in Figure 8.
- the optimization run 92 is carried out, in which the position of the cleaning elements 15, 16 is changed in step 92 and during this the changing waste composition is monitored by means of the waste sensor device 22.
- the machine units which influence the waste composition here the cleaning elements 15, 16, are automatically adjusted until the desired waste quality is achieved for the recorded output value which represents the current foreign body content.
- the complete optimization run 92 in which the first position is initially approached, it is also possible to check, starting from the previously set operating point, by slightly adjusting the cleaning elements 15, 16 whether an improvement in the separation efficiency can be achieved by small adjustments.
- sub-step 93 the current output value which represents the current foreign body content in the fiber material 3 is recorded.
- the current waste composition is recorded, which represents the ratio between foreign bodies and good fibers.
- the current output value is set as the initial value and the current waste composition as the waste value and thus serve as reference values for subsequent decisions according to step 85.
- Optimization 90 ends at 96. Optimization 90 is preferably fully automatic and is started and monitored by the control unit. In principle, confirmation by the machine operator may be necessary before each optimization run. The respective optimization run can be displayed visually and/or digitally logged.
- the foreign body detection process 70 with the sub-steps 71 to 77 can be repeated regularly as a background process.
- the waste composition 80 can also be recorded, in particular permanently.
- the inspection device 30 can preferably also be used as a viewing opening through which an operator of the processing machine 1 can look into the filling shaft 2.
- the opening closure device 31 can have a viewing section 59 in which both the cover element 33 and the separating element 32 are transparent and no components installed in the interior 37 impair the view of the fiber material 3 from the outside.
- the viewing section 59 is preferably a middle section of the opening closure device 31, which is arranged between the upper section 45 and the lower section 46. If the operator recognizes a change in the proportion of foreign bodies by looking from the outside through the viewing section 59 into the filling space 2 itself, the optimization 90 can also be initiated manually, for example via an application on a mobile device, an operating terminal of the processing machine 1 and/or via a higher-level control unit.
- FIG 9 shows an alternative embodiment of the processing machine 1, which largely corresponds to the previously described embodiments, so that with regard to the common features reference is made to the above description.
- the processing machine 1 has several, here by way of example two, of the inspection devices 30.
- the two inspection devices 30 are inserted in the housing openings 27 in the two housing walls 34, 58 arranged opposite one another.
- a change in the raw material quality can be recorded more precisely and quickly, since several, here two, of the camera devices 38 contribute to achieving the minimum area (sub-step 74) at the same time.
- the process thus largely corresponds to the process shown in Figures 6 to 8.
- Each camera device 38 is assigned one of the evaluation units 57, which analyzes the image data of the assigned camera device 38.
- the evaluation units 57 transmit their results via an indicated data line to a further or higher-level evaluation unit 60, in which the individual results are summarized. In this way, the required measuring time is shortened, here halved when using two camera devices 38.
- Figure 10 shows a further embodiment of the inspection device 30 which largely corresponds to the previously described inspection devices 30, so that reference is made to the above description with regard to the similarities.
- the camera device 38 of the respective inspection device 30 has two cameras 54', 54", for example line scan cameras, each with a lens 55', 55", instead of one camera 54.
- Their beam path 44', 44" is aligned parallel to the respective optical axis 40', 40".
- Matrix or area cameras can also be used instead of the line scan cameras.
- the detection width 48 of the camera device 38 can be increased, whereby the measuring time until the minimum area is reached can be shortened.
- the distance of the cameras 54', 54" to the deflection device 41 can also be reduced.
- the lighting device 50 covers the entire detection width 48, which, here by way of example, corresponds to the clear width 49 of the frame 36.
- Figure 11 shows a further embodiment of the preparation machine 1, which largely corresponds to the previously described embodiments, so that reference is made to the above description with regard to the similarities.
- the difference lies in the design of the deflection device 41 and the lighting device 50.
- the first beam path section 43 is directed obliquely upwards, here for example at an angle of 45 degrees to the observation plane E.
- the beam path 42 is deflected via the deflection device 41 so that the second beam path section 44 runs parallel to the optical axis 40 of the camera device 38.
- the lighting device 50 has only the lower lighting element 52, which is directed perpendicular to the observation plane E onto the observation area 39 in order to exclude disturbing light reflections on the transparent separating element 32, which would be found in the image of the camera device 38 or in the image data.
- the angle of incidence or reflection at the mirror of the deflection device 41 is thus greater than 45 degrees and can be 67.5 degrees, as shown here as an example.
- Deflection device 41 and the camera device 38 can be arranged closer to the separating element 32 so that the opening closure device 31 can be designed to be flatter.
- the camera device 38 can in principle also be arranged high up in the interior 37.
- the camera device 38 is arranged here between the separating element 32 and the evaluation unit 57. This nesting increases the distance between the camera device 38 and the deflection device 41, thereby increasing the detection width 48.
- all of the individual features shown in the embodiments are transferable to one another and vice versa.
- the camera device 38 can also be positioned in the nested arrangement with the evaluation unit 57 in the embodiments shown in Figures 1 to 8 in order to move the camera device 38 as high up as possible; or that the opening closure device 31 can be designed as a rigid window or as a pivoting window; etc.
- Figure 12 shows a processing machine 100 according to a further embodiment, which is designed as a mixer and has several of the inspection devices 30.
- the inspection devices 30 can be designed as shown in Figures 1 to 5 and 9 to 11, so that reference is made to the above description with regard to the similarities. Identical or modified details are provided with the same reference numerals.
- Figure 12 shows a longitudinal direction X, a transverse direction Y and a vertical direction Z, which are defined in terms of a Cartesian coordinate system assigned to the processing machine 100 and are indicated by corresponding arrows. Terms such as “below”, “below”, “above” or “above” represent spatial information in relation to the vertical direction Z.
- the processing machine 100 can be set up on a stationary floor which lies in a horizontal plane spanned by the longitudinal direction X and the transverse direction Y.
- the processing machine 100 has several, here by way of example, ten, filling shafts 2 in a row one behind the other.
- the filling shafts 2 are connected to a channel 101 running above the filling shafts 2, which is connected on the input side via the inlet 4 to an upstream spinning preparation machine (not shown).
- the fiber material 3, which is usually provided in flake form, is pneumatically introduced into the filling shafts 2 via the inlet 4 and the channel 101.
- Control elements can be provided in a manner known per se between the channel 101 and the individual filling shafts 2 in order to be able to control the filling of the individual filling shafts 2.
- a roller feed and an opening roller can be arranged in the lower part 8 of the respective filling shaft 2, as shown in Figures 1 and 2 with the reference numerals 9 and 14. Furthermore, a common mixing channel can be arranged below the filling shafts 2, from which the fiber material deposited therein is transported in the transport direction T via a pipeline system to a subsequent processing machine, for example the cleaner 1 shown in Figures 1 and 2.
- 2 inspection devices 30 are inserted into the housing openings for each filling shaft.
- the processing machine 100 has only one of the inspection devices 30 or that only a subset of the filling shafts 2 are monitored with one of the inspection devices 30.
- the images captured during operation are evaluated by means of the evaluation units 57 and, if necessary, at least one higher-level evaluation unit 60.
- the output values can be summarized and averages formed in order to obtain a more representative result.
- Parallel inspection with the multiple inspection devices 30 can provide statistically more accurate data on the raw material quality, in particular the foreign body content, in a shorter measuring time.
- inspection devices 30 can also be arranged on a rear wall of the processing machine 100, such as on the front shown in Figure 12.
- two of the inspection devices 30 can be provided for each filling shaft 2, one of them on the front and one of them on the back, so that the mixer 100 shown here as an example with ten filling shafts 2 can have, for example, twenty of the inspection devices 30.
- a central control unit or one of the evaluation units, in particular the higher-level evaluation unit 60, can take over the summarizing of the output values and the transmission to a control unit.
- the control unit can be assigned to the downstream spinning preparation machine, in particular the cleaner 1, which can make an automatic change to settings on the machine elements that influence the waste separation, for example changing the position of the cleaning elements 15, 16, based on the foreign body content recorded in the mixer 100.
- Figure 13 shows yet another embodiment of the inspection device 30, which largely corresponds to the previously described inspection device 30, so that reference is made to the above description with regard to the similarities.
- the difference is that the camera device 38 or its optical axis 40 is aligned directly with the observation area 39, so that in this embodiment no device for deflecting the beam path 42, such as the deflection device 41, is provided.
- the optical axis 40 of the camera device 38 can intersect the observation area 39 or the observation plane E preferably at an angle to an axis running perpendicular to the observation plane E in a range of plus 60 degrees to minus 60 degrees.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
- Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022130133.8A DE102022130133A1 (de) | 2022-11-15 | 2022-11-15 | Verfahren zum Erkennen von Fremdkörpern in Fasermaterial |
| PCT/EP2023/078982 WO2024104692A1 (de) | 2022-11-15 | 2023-10-18 | Verfahren zum erkennen von fremdkörpern in fasermaterial |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4619575A1 true EP4619575A1 (de) | 2025-09-24 |
Family
ID=88466553
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23790675.5A Pending EP4619575A1 (de) | 2022-11-15 | 2023-10-18 | Verfahren zum erkennen von fremdkörpern in fasermaterial |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4619575A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN120051596A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102022130133A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024104692A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10259475A1 (de) * | 2002-12-19 | 2004-07-01 | Trützschler GmbH & Co KG | Vorrichtung an einer Spinnereivorbereitungsmaschine, insbes. Karde, Reiniger o. dgl., mit einer Maschinenverkleidung |
| DE10349407B4 (de) | 2003-04-03 | 2017-06-14 | Trützschler GmbH & Co Kommanditgesellschaft | Vorrichtung an einer Spinnereivorbereitungsmaschine, z. B. Reiniger, Öffner, Karde oder dergleichen zur Erfassung von aus Fasermaterial, z. B. Baumwolle, ausgeschiedenem Abfall |
| DE102012012254A1 (de) | 2012-06-22 | 2013-12-24 | TRüTZSCHLER GMBH & CO. KG | Vorrichtung an einer Spinnereivorbereitungsmaschine, z. B. Reiniger, Karde o. dgl., zum Öffnen und Reinigen von Fasergut |
| US20190137382A1 (en) * | 2016-05-04 | 2019-05-09 | Uster Technologies Ag | Monitoring Contamination in a Stream of Fiber Flocks |
| CH717715A1 (de) | 2020-08-05 | 2022-02-15 | Rieter Ag Maschf | Faservorbereitungsmaschine mit einer Kamera. |
-
2022
- 2022-11-15 DE DE102022130133.8A patent/DE102022130133A1/de active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-10-18 CN CN202380071807.1A patent/CN120051596A/zh active Pending
- 2023-10-18 EP EP23790675.5A patent/EP4619575A1/de active Pending
- 2023-10-18 WO PCT/EP2023/078982 patent/WO2024104692A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102022130133A1 (de) | 2024-05-16 |
| CN120051596A (zh) | 2025-05-27 |
| WO2024104692A1 (de) | 2024-05-23 |
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